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  • Articles  (358)
  • Female  (358)
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Polymer and Materials Science
  • 1985-1989  (358)
  • Biology  (358)
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  • Articles  (358)
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  • 1
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    The Molecule of the Year (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Guyer, R L -- Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1543-6.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2688087" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Induced ; Cystic Fibrosis/genetics ; DNA/*genetics ; DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase ; Female ; *Genetic Techniques ; Humans ; Microscopy, Electron, Scanning ; Mifepristone ; Nucleic Acid Amplification Techniques ; Pregnancy ; Research/*trends
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 2
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    Molecular cloning of the thyrotropin receptor (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: The pituitary hormone thyrotropin, or thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), is the main physiological agent that regulates the thyroid gland. The thyrotropin receptor (TSHR) was cloned by selective amplification with the polymerase chain reaction of DNA segments presenting sequence similarity with genes for G protein-coupled receptors. Out of 11 new putative receptor clones obtained from genomic DNA, one had sequence characteristics different from all the others. Although this clone did not hybridize to thyroid transcripts, screening of a dog thyroid complementary DNA (cDNA) library at moderate stringency identified a cDNA encoding a 4.9-kilobase thyroid-specific transcript. The polypeptide encoded by this thyroid-specific transcript consisted of a 398-amino acid residue amino-terminal segment, constituting a putative extracellular domain, connected to a 346-residue carboxyl-terminal domain that contained seven putative transmembrane segments. Expression of the cDNA conferred TSH responsiveness to Xenopus oocytes and Y1 cells and a TSH binding phenotype to COS cells. The TSHR and the receptor for luteinizing hormone-choriogonadotropin constitute a subfamily of G protein-coupled receptors with distinct sequence characteristics.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Parmentier, M -- Libert, F -- Maenhaut, C -- Lefort, A -- Gerard, C -- Perret, J -- Van Sande, J -- Dumont, J E -- Vassart, G -- R01-DK21732/DK/NIDDK NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1620-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Institut de Recherche Interdisciplinaire, Faculte de Medecine, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, Belgium.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2556796" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Blotting, Northern ; Cell Line ; *Cloning, Molecular ; Cyclic AMP ; Dogs ; Female ; *Genes ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Oocytes/drug effects/metabolism ; Organ Specificity ; Polymerase Chain Reaction/methods ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; Receptors, Thyrotropin/*genetics ; Thyrotropin/pharmacology ; Transcription, Genetic ; Xenopus
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    Britain's Lords debate embryo research (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-22
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cherfas, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 22;246(4937):1554-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2595366" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Beginning of Human Life ; *Embryo Research ; *Embryo, Mammalian ; Female ; *Fertilization in Vitro ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; *Government Regulation ; Great Britain ; Humans ; Life ; *Politics ; Pregnancy ; *Research
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
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    A new DNA marker tightly linked to the fragile X locus (FRAXA) (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-12-08
    Description: The fragile X syndrome is the most common cause of familial mental retardation. Genetic counseling and gene isolation are hampered by a lack of DNA markers close to the disease locus. Two somatic cell hybrids that each contain a human X chromosome with a breakpoint close to the fragile X locus have been characterized. A new DNA marker (DXS296) lies between the chromosome breakpoints and is the closest marker to the fragile X locus yet reported. The Hunter syndrome gene, which causes iduronate sulfatase deficiency, is located at the X chromosome breakpoint that is distal to this new marker, thus localizing the Hunter gene distal to the fragile X locus.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Suthers, G K -- Callen, D F -- Hyland, V J -- Kozman, H M -- Baker, E -- Eyre, H -- Harper, P S -- Roberts, S H -- Hors-Cayla, M C -- Davies, K E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Dec 8;246(4935):1298-300.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Histopathology, Adelaide Children's Hospital, Australia.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2573953" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Chromosome Mapping ; Female ; Fragile X Syndrome/*genetics ; Genetic Counseling ; *Genetic Linkage ; *Genetic Markers ; Genomic Library ; Humans ; Hybrid Cells ; Likelihood Functions ; Mice ; Mucopolysaccharidosis II/genetics ; Mutation ; Nucleic Acid Hybridization ; Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length ; Sex Chromosome Aberrations/*genetics ; Translocation, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
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    Temperature and sperm incorporation in polyploid salamanders (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: Although most animals reproduce sexually, a number of all-female groups exist. Triploid hybrid salamanders appear to maintain themselves by using a male's sperm to activate their eggs, after which the sperm nucleus is eliminated (gynogenesis). The incidence of sperm nuclear incorporation in eggs of these salamanders depends on temperature. Triploid offspring derived gynogenetically are more frequent at lower temperature, whereas tetraploid offspring derived sexually are far more frequent at higher temperatures. Temperature-dependent variability in sperm nuclear incorporation helps explain the variability in reproductive modes reported for hybrid salamanders.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bogart, J P -- Elinson, R P -- Licht, L E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):1032-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Zoology, College of Biological Science, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587986" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Ambystoma/genetics/*physiology ; Animals ; Crosses, Genetic ; Female ; Karyotyping ; Larva ; Male ; *Polyploidy ; Sperm-Ovum Interactions ; Spermatozoa/*physiology ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
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    The choosing of the NIH director (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-24
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Koshland, D E Jr -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 24;246(4933):981.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2587989" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abortion, Legal ; Female ; Humans ; National Institutes of Health (U.S.)/*organization & administration ; Politics ; Pregnancy ; United States ; United States Dept. of Health and Human Services
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
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    Market sours on milk hormone (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Sun, M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):876-7.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2814506" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Cattle ; Female ; *Food Labeling ; *Growth Hormone ; *Milk ; United States
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    Vaccination with a synthetic zona pellucida peptide produces long-term contraception in female mice (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-17
    Description: The zona pellucida surrounding mouse oocytes is an extracellular matrix composed of three sulfated glycoproteins, ZP1, ZP2, and ZP3. It has been demonstrated that a monoclonal antibody to ZP3 injected into female mice inhibits fertilization by binding to the zona pellucida and blocking sperm penetration. A complementary DNA encoding ZP3 was randomly cleaved and 200- to 1000-base pair fragments were cloned into the expression vector lambda gt11. This epitope library was screened with the aforementioned contraceptive antibody, and the positive clones were used to map the seven-amino acid epitope recognized by the antibody. Female mice were immunized with a synthetic peptide containing this B cell epitope coupled to a carrier protein to provide helper T cell epitopes. The resultant circulating antibodies to ZP3 bound to the zona pellucida of immunized animals and produced long-lasting contraception. The lack of ovarian histopathology or cellular cytotoxicity among the immunized animals may be because of the absence of zona pellucida T cell epitopes in this vaccine.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Millar, S E -- Chamow, S M -- Baur, A W -- Oliver, C -- Robey, F -- Dean, J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 17;246(4932):935-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Laboratory of Cellular and Developmental Biology, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, Bethesda, MD 20892.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2479101" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Amino Acid Sequence ; Animals ; Antigens/immunology ; Base Sequence ; Cloning, Molecular ; *Contraception ; *Contraception, Immunologic ; DNA/genetics ; *Egg Proteins ; Epitopes/analysis ; Female ; Glycoproteins/genetics/*immunology ; Male ; *Membrane Glycoproteins ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Ovum/*physiology ; Protein Conformation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics ; *Receptors, Cell Surface ; *Vaccination ; Zona Pellucida/*physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
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    Fetal research (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: This article reviews some of the significant contributions of fetal research and fetal tissue research over the past 20 years. The benefits of fetal research include the development of vaccines, advances in prenatal diagnosis, detection of malformations, assessment of safe and effective medications, and the development of in utero surgical therapies. Fetal tissue research benefits vaccine development, assessment of risk factors and toxicity levels in drug production, development of cell lines, and provides a source of fetal cells for ongoing transplantation trials. Together, fetal research and fetal tissue research offer tremendous potential for the treatment of the fetus, neonate, and adult.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hansen, J T -- Sladek, J R Jr -- P01-NS24032/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- P01-NS25778/NS/NINDS NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):775-9.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry, NY 14642.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2683082" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Line ; Congenital Abnormalities/diagnosis ; Female ; *Fetal Diseases ; *Fetal Research ; *Fetus/cytology/surgery ; Genetic Diseases, Inborn ; Humans ; Nontherapeutic Human Experimentation ; Pregnancy ; Prenatal Diagnosis ; *Research ; *Risk Assessment ; Therapeutic Human Experimentation ; Vaccines
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
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    Germ-line transmission of a c-abl mutation produced by targeted gene disruption in ES cells (1989)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1989-11-10
    Description: A substitution mutation has been introduced into the c-abl locus of murine embryonic stem cells by homologous recombination between exogenously added DNA and the endogenous gene, and these cells have been used to generate chimeric mice. It is shown that the c-abl mutation was transmitted to progeny by several male chimeras. This work demonstrates the feasibility of germ-line transmission of a mutation introduced into a nonselectable autosomal gene by homologous recombination.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Schwartzberg, P L -- Goff, S P -- Robertson, E J -- P01 CA 23767/CA/NCI NIH HHS/ -- R01 HD 25208/HD/NICHD NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1989 Nov 10;246(4931):799-803.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, Columbia University, College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/2554496" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Abelson murine leukemia virus/*genetics ; Animals ; Blotting, Southern ; Cell Line ; Chimera ; Cloning, Molecular ; *DNA, Recombinant ; Female ; Leukemia Virus, Murine/*genetics ; Male ; Mice ; Mice, Inbred C57BL ; *Mutation ; Oncogenes/*physiology ; Retroviridae Proteins, Oncogenic/*genetics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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