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  • Articles  (62)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology
  • Brassica napus
  • General Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Life and Medical Sciences
  • Springer  (62)
  • 1985-1989  (58)
  • 1955-1959  (4)
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  • Articles  (62)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Synthesis of male sterile, triazine-resistant Brassica napus by somatic hybridization between cytoplasmic male sterile B. oleracea and atrazine-resistant B. campestris (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 445-455 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Protoplast fusion ; Triazine resistance ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Mitochondrial DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Fusion of leaf protoplasts from an inbred line of Brassica oleracea ssp. botrytis (cauliflower, n=9) carrying the Ogura (R1) male sterile cytoplasm with hypocotyl protoplasts of B. campestris ssp. oleifera (cv “Candle”, n=10) carrying an atrazine-resistant (ATR) cytoplasm resulted in the production of synthetic B. napus (n=19). Thirty-four somatic hybrids were produced; they were characterized for morphology, phosphoglucose isomerase isoenzymes, ribosomal DNA hybridization patterns, chromosome numbers, and organelle composition. All somatic hybrids carried atrazine-resistant chloroplasts derived from B. campestris. The mitochondrial genomes in 19 hybrids were examined by restriction endonuclease and Southern blot analyses. Twelve of the 19 hybrids contained mitochondria showing novel DNA restriction patterns; of these 12 hybrids, 5 were male sterile and 7 were male fertile. The remaining hybrids contained mitochondrial DNA that was identical to that of the ATR parent and all were male fertile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265310
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A comparison of anther and microspore culture as a breeding tool in Brassica napus (1989)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 78 (1989), S. 473-479 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Microspore and anther culture comparison ; Androgenic lines ; Days to flower ; Days to maturity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary A direct comparison of microspore culture and anther culture was made in Brassica napus using F1 crosses of Regent (canola) by Golden (rapeseed), and their reciprocals, as well as a hybrid between Reston and a highly embryogenic, canola-quality breeding line (G231) as donor plants. The study confirmed that microspore culture can be ten times more efficient than anther culture for embryo production. Embryo yields from cultures initiated from the Reston x G231 were four-fold greater than those initiated from the Regent x Golden crosses, and significant differences were also detected among cultures initiated from the different Regent x Golden crosses. These results illustrate the influence that donor plant genotype has on embryo production. However, superior embryogenic potential among donor material was not always coincident with superior plant production. The average haploid-todiploid ratio in microspore-derived regenerates was 2∶1 for the population obtained from the Regent x Golden crosses but 1∶1 for the Reston x G231 cross. For both types of material, the frequency of diploids increased upon repeated cycles of explanting. A field study showed that there were no differences between the populations of anther-derived and microspore-derived spontaneous diploid and doubled haploid lines, with respect to the days required for them to flower or to mature. The information is valuable for canola breeding programs considering the use of haploidy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00290830
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Mapping the chloroplast genome of triazine resistant canola (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 71 (1986), S. 716-723 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Chloroplast DNA map ; Brassica napus ; Triazine resistance ; Canola
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The chloroplast of a triazine resistant weed biotype of Brassica campestris (bird's rape) has been transferred by repeated back-crossing into an agriculturally important strain, ‘Tower’, of Brassica napus to form a triazine resistant cultivar of canola, ‘Triton’, that is low in both erucic acid and thioglucosinolate. In this report, the B. campestris derived chloroplast chromosome of B. napus (cv ‘Triton’) has been cloned into bacterial plasmids and physically mapped for eight restriction enzymes: Apa I, Bam HI, BglI, Hind III, Pst I, Pvu II, Sac I and Xho I. The genes for rRNA, rbcL, cytF, atpA, atpB, atpE, atpH and the triazine resistance gene, psbA were located on the map by heterologous hybridization. The directions of transcription for most of these genes were determined by reverse heterologous hybridization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00263269
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cytoplasmic male sterility in rapeseed (Brassica napus L.) (1986)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 72 (1986), S. 151-157 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Cytoplasmic male sterility ; Mitochondrial DNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The linear mitochondrial (mt) plasmid in rapeseed occurs in normal, fertile plants, cytoplasmic male sterile (cms) lines (sterile and restored) and maintainers. To determine the role of plasmid genes in cytoplasmic male sterility the three internal Hind III fragments (78%) of the 11.3 kb plasmid were cloned, nick-translated and hybridized to electrophoretic blots of Pst I digests of chloroplast (cp) and mt DNA from normal and cms lines. There is no homology between plasmid DNA and the cp and mt genomes in any line examined nor do plasmid sequences appear to be directly involved in certain alterations of the mt genome. As well, loss of the free plasmid is not associated with integration of the plasmid DNA into the cp or mt genomes. Finally, plasmid copy number appears to be affected by nuclear genotype.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00266986
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of thin cell layer explants from Brassica napus L. (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 438-445 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Rapeseed ; Transformation ; Agrobacterium tumefaciens ; Ti plasmid
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Agrobacterium-mediated transformation of thin cell layer explants (Klimaszewska and Keller 1985) yielded large numbers of transgenic plants of a major Canadian rapeseed cultivar Brassica napus ssp. oleifera cv Westar. The morphology and fertility of these plants were indistinguishable from controls. The Ti plasmid vector, pGV3850 (Zambryski et al. 1983) was used as a cis vector and as a helper plasmid for the binary vector pBin19 (Bevan 1984). Selectable marker genes that conferred resistance to high levels of kanamycin (Km) on Nicotiana tabacum were less efficient in the selection of transgenic B. napus. At low levels of Km (15 μg/ml) large numbers of transgenic plants (50%) were identified among the regenerants by nopaline synthase activity and several of these were confirmed by Southern blot analyses. Only a small number were resistant to higher levels of Km (80 μg/ml). Preliminary analyses indicated that resistance to Km was transmitted to the selfed progeny. Chimeric chloramphenicol acetyl transferase genes were ineffective biochemical markers in transgenic B. napus.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00276747
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transformation of Brassica napus L. using Agrobacterium tumefaciens: developmentally regulated expression of a reintroduced napin gene (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 685-694 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Oilseed rape ; Genetransfer ; Seed storage protein gene ; Tissue-specific expression
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Genetically transformed plants of Brassica napus L. (oilseed rape) were obtained from hypocotyl expiants using Agrobacterium tumefaciens vectors. Hypocotyl explants were inoculated with disarmed or oncogenic A. tumefaciens strains, EHA101 and A281, and then cultured on media containing kanamycin. The A. tumefaciens strains harbored a binary vector, which contained a neomycin phosphotransferase II (NPTII) gene driven by the 35S promoter of cauliflower mosaic virus and an engineered napin (seed storage protein) gene with its own promoter (300 nucleotides 5′ to the start of translation). Transformation of B. napus plants was confirmed by detection of NPT II enzyme activity, Southern blot analysis and inheritance of the kanamycin-resistance trait (NPT II gene) in the progeny. Expression of the engineered napin gene in embryos but not in leaves of transgenic plants was observed by Northern analysis. These data demonstrate that morphologically normal, fertile transgenic B. napus plants can be obtained using Agrobacterium as a gene vector and that developmentally regulated expression of reintroduced genes can be achieved.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00265588
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Individual selection, culture and manipulation of higher plant cells (1987)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 73 (1987), S. 769-783 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Microculture ; Electrofusion ; Microinjection ; Karyoplasts ; Cytoplasts ; Protoplasts ; Plant regeneration ; Conditioning ; Brassica napus ; Nicotiana tabacum
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Due to the heterogeneity in morphology, physiological and morphogenetical capabilities of higher plant cells in mass culture, the development of methods for individually culturing defined cells seemed to be useful and necessary. Individual cell culture represents a powerful tool for studies on the physiology of different cell types, the analysis of differentiation programs, the genetic manipulation of plant cells and cell-cell interactions. An improved microculture system based on a computer-controlled set-up for the efficient selection, transfer and individual culture of defined higher plant cells until regeneration of whole plants is described. Related experimental approaches for individually manipulating higher plant cells under controlled conditions, such as electrofusion of defined pairs of protoplasts and subprotoplasts, cell reconstruction and intranuclear microinjection of protoplasts and karyoplasts — mainly performed with cells of the crop plant Brassica napus L. — are presented.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289379
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Interspecific somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and Brassica hirta (Sinapis alba L.) (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 546-552 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Brassica hirta ; Somatic hybridization ; mtDNA ; ctDNA ; rDNA
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Somatic hybridization between Brassica napus and B. hirta (or Sinapis alba) is described. No cybrid plant with B. napus nucleus exhibiting cytoplasmic male sterility was recovered. Somatic hybrids were identified morphologically and, for some of them, by cytological observations. They were also characterised by Southern hybridization of nuclear rDNA. Chloroplast and mitochondrial DNA restriction analysis showed that 2 plants out of 14 have B. hirta ctDNA, one the B. napus mtDNA and the other a hybrid. Nine possess B. napus ctDNA with a hybrid mtDNA. For six of them, mtDNA patterns present novel bands, suggesting intergenomic recombination during fusion. These hybrids will be included in the breeding program.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00289119
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Assessment of the degree of restriction fragment length polymorphism in Brassica (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 75 (1988), S. 833-840 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Restriction fragment length polymorphism ; Brassica campestris ; Brassica oleracea ; Brassica napus
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary The feasibility of creating a restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) linkage map in Brassica species was assessed by screening EcoRI-, HindIII-, or EcoRV-digested total genomic DNA from several accessions of B. campestris, B. oleracea, and B. napus using random genomic DNA clones from three Brassica libraries as hybridization probes. Differences in restriction fragment hybridization patterns occurred at frequencies of 95% for comparisons of accessions among species, 79% for comparisons of accessions among subspecies within species, and 70% for comparisons among accessions within subspecies. In addition, species differences in the level of hybridization were noted for some clones. The high degree of polymorphism found even among closely related Brassica accessions indicates that RFLP analysis will be a very useful tool in genetic, taxonomic, and evolutionary studies of the Brassica genus. Development of RFLP linkage maps is now in progress.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00258042
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transfer and segregation of triazine tolerant chloroplasts in Brassica napus L. (1988)
    Springer
    Theoretical and applied genetics 76 (1988), S. 165-171 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2242
    Keywords: Brassica napus ; Somatic hybridization ; Triazine tolerance ; Chloroplast segregation ; RFLP-analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Hypocotyl protoplasts of 45 different genotypes of German winter oilseed rape Brassica napus L. (double zero quality: high in yield, seeds low in erucic acid and glucosinolate content) were regenerated to plants. Triazine/triazinone (tri)-tolerant chloroplasts of the Canadian spring oilseed rape variety OAC Triton were introduced into some winter oilseed rapes by means of protoplast fusion. X-ray irradiation was used to limit the transfer of nuclear DNA of Triton protoplasts and to promote the selective transfer of tri-tolerant chloroplasts. Regenerated “cybrid” plants survived a treatment rate of 1000 g/ha metribuzin. The presence and segregation of the tri-tolerant chloroplasts in winter oilseed rape plants, regenerated from fusion products and their progeny, was investigated by restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP). Our results indicate that chloroplast segregation was not completed in plants regnerated from fusion products derived from X-irradiated OAC Triton mesophyll protoplasts and German winter oilseed rape hypocotyl protoplasts. In regenerants and their progeny both chloroplast types can still be present. Chloroplasts derived from wintertype protoplasts can outcompete tritolerant chloroplasts during plant development. In some instances, even progeny plants not kept under selective conditions (metribuzin) lost tri-tolerant chloroplasts. A homogenous population of tri-tolerant chloroplasts was necessary to obtain stable tri-tolerant winter oilseed rape plants.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00257841
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