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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (4.498)
  • Biochemistry  (895)
  • Wiley-Blackwell  (5.383)
  • Springer  (9)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 1985-1989  (3.310)
  • 1980-1984  (2.082)
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  • 1
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Chemical analysis of the wall of the yeast form of Taphrina deformans (1983)
    Springer
    Archives of microbiology 135 (1983), S. 141-146 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-072X
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Chimiotaxonomy ; Fungus wall ; Taphrina deformans
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Abstract Glucose is the main component of the cell wall of the yeast form of Taphrina deformans. On the other hand the glucosamine content is very low (less than 1%). Other sugars are mannose, galactose and rhamnose; their content depends on the age of the cultures. The protein content is less than 5% and lipids less than 2%. Most of the isolated cell wall is alkalisoluble: the insoluble fraction is less than 8% of the total wall. Three polysaccharides have been detected: an α-glucan containing mostly α(1→3) and perhaps a few α(1→4) glycosidic linkages, a β-glucan containing β(1→3) and β(1→6) linkages, and a heteropolysaccharide fraction containing mannose, galactose and rhamnose. Chitin, if present, forms no more than 2‰ of the total wall. The biochemical characteristics of the cell wall of the yeast form of T. deformans distinguish it from that of filamentous Ascomycetes and Basidiomycetes and also of most of the yeasts. It is with the Schizosaccharomyces wall that they have the most features in common.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00408024
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  • 2
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Cytochemical and biochemical observations on the cell wall of the spore ofGlomus epigaeum (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 123 (1984), S. 140-151 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Cell wall ; Chitin ; Cytochemistry ; Glomus epigaeum ; Spore
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary The cell wall of the spore ofGlomus epigaeum Daniels and Trappe, which has fibrillar subunits regularly arranged in arcs, was studied ultrastructurally and biochemically. The periodic acid/thiocarbohydrazide/silver proteinate (PATAg) reaction for polysaccharide location (Thiéry 1967) and the silver methenamine reaction for protein location (Swift 1968) were performed on whole spores, progressively alkaline-extracted and autoclaved spores, and untreated and alkaline-extracted cell wall fractions. The cytochemical results and those obtained from frozen sections indicated that the fibrils forming the main structure of the outer and inner wall consist of chitin. Quantitative determinations showed that chitin is the most important component (47%) of the alkali-insoluble residue and represents 27.2% of the whole cell wall fraction. It occurs predominantly as the acetylated form. Cytochemical and biochemical observations showed that the matrix surrounding the fibrils is made of alkali-soluble, PATAg positive polysaccharides (4.98% of the whole cell wall fraction). Monomers were identified by gas liquid chromatography as being γ-lactone of glucuronic acid, and glucose, rhamnose and mannose. Alkali-soluble proteins are an important part of the matrix, being spread mostly throughout the inner wall and constituting a large portion (55.1 %) of the alkali-soluble fraction. From the results we derive a model in which the chemical components are interconnected to build up a macromolecular network, in agreement with electron-microscopic observations.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283584
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  • 3
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Absorption of dietary triacylglycerol by lipolysis and lipid resynthesis in the mesenteron of larvalAeshna cyanea (insecta, odonata) (1984)
    Springer
    Protoplasma 123 (1984), S. 57-69 
    Details
    ISSN: 1615-6102
    Schlagwort(e): Insect midgut ; Lipid absorption ; Cytology ; Biochemistry ; Radioactive oleic acid
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie
    Notizen: Summary Voluntary uptake of triolein, margarine, and lipid-rich natural food (Tubifex) by fasting dragonfly larvae (Aeshna cyanea) led to heavy accumulations of lipid absorption droplets in the enterocytes within 2 days, while subsequent lipid clearance of the midgut epithelium took several weeks depending on the ingested lipid load. No endocytotic lipid uptake was observed after application of a molecular-dispersed fat dye. The smallest lipid droplets first appeared in the subapical groundplasm of the enterocytes and showed a reversible increase in size on their way towards the base. Lipid droplets were also observed at appropriate intervals after oral administration of oleic acid, after feeding margarine in the cold, and after injection of triolein into the isolated midgut. Comparative biochemical analysis after triolein feeding evidenced release of lipase and hydrolytic liberation of FA from TG in the midgut lumen, as well as time-dependent accumulations of TG in the midgut epithelium and of DG in the hemolymph. Oral injection of [14C] oleic acid was followed by its rapid absorption into the midgut epithelium, where it was utilized for the synthesis of MG and esterification to DG and TG. Discharge of radioactive lipid into the hemolymph occurred in the form of FA and DG, while the rectal fat body showed approximately equal labeling of the FA, DG, and TG fractions.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01283182
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  • 4
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Histamine receptors in the central nervous system (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 11 (1989), S. 146-150 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Schlagwort(e): Agonists ; Antagonists ; Biochemistry ; Central nervous system ; Ligands ; Pharmacology ; Receptors, histamine
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract The role of histamine in brain function is discussed. A brief review is presented on the three types of histamine receptors with regard to their biochemistry and functions, as well as on specific ligands, both agonists and antagonists. It is concluded that several aspects of the pharmacology of histamine in the central nervous system are still a matter of empirism and speculations. The recent publications on the brain-penetrating H2 antagonist zolantidine and the selective H3 agonists and antagonists are expected to contribute to the knowledge of the histaminergic pathways in the brain. Therapeutical areas within the central nervous system are related to behaviour (including wake-sleep), neuroendocrinal processes, the control of muscle activity and cerebral circulation.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01959461
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  • 5
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Pharmacochemical aspects of leprosy (1989)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 11 (1989), S. 3-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Clofazimine ; Dapsone ; Ethionamide ; Isoniazide ; Mechanism of action ; Mycobacterium leprae ; Prothionamide ; Quinolones ; Ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors ; Rifampicin
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract From a pharmacochemical point of view the existing anti-leprotics as well as possible innovations in the chemotherapy of leprosy are discussed. Of the main anti-leprotics, which are used nowadays — dapsone, rifampicin, clofazimine, isoniazide, ethionamide and prothionamide — the mechanism of action, the main problems in their application and possibilities to develop improved variants are reviewed. Based on the chemistry ofMycobacterium leprae, the target systems for new anti-leprotics are identified. These systems include the cell wall, the catabolism of reactive oxygen species, the metabolisms of carbon sources, the amino acid metabolism and the uptake of iron. Two possible new lead structures from other fields, 4-quinolones and mycobacterial ribonucleotide reductase inhibitors are presented.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01972907
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  • 6
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    The beta-adrenoceptor-adenylate cyclase complex (1986)
    Springer
    Pharmacy world & science 8 (1986), S. 209-222 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-739X
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Pharmacology ; Receptors, adrenergic, beta ; Review
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie
    Notizen: Abstract Developments in the receptor concept have greatly influenced our current knowledge of the beta-adrenoceptor. The triad of pharmacology, organic chemistry and studies in structure-activity relationships is discussed along historical lines, as it has been and still is an impetus for progress in the biochemistry of ligand-receptor interactions. With respect to the beta-adrenoceptor complex these advances which have led to a model in which three protein structures are functionally interacting within the frame of the cell wall: the beta-adrenoceptor, the regulatory guanine nucleotide binding protein, and the enzyme adenylate cyclase, are reviewed.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01957781
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  • 7
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Biochemical composition of microfilarial and adult stages ofSetaria cervi (1980)
    Springer
    Parasitology research 62 (1980), S. 85-93 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1955
    Schlagwort(e): Biochemistry ; Nematodes ; Filariae ; Setaria cervi
    Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Medizin
    Notizen: Abstract The microfilariae and adults ofSetaria cervi, a filarial parasite of Indian water-buffalo (Bubalus bubalis Linn.) and of other ruminants were analysed for various biochemical constituents. Both stages of the parasite were rich in protein, carbohydrate, and lipids while nucleic acids were detectable in only small amounts. Microfilariae and adults contained 10 and 25% dry matter, 57.4 and 63.0% protein, 8.9 and 14.8% carbohydrate, and 12.8 and 9.2% lipid, respectively. Reducing sugars accounted for 52 and 67% respectively of the total carbohydrate in these two stages. Glycogen accounted for 95% of total carbohydrate in the cold PCA soluble fraction of adult worms while its concentration in microfilariae was very low. Glucose was the main constitutent of reducing sugars while concentrations of fructose were very low. Microfilariae contained more lipids, nucleic acids, mucopolysaccharides, and total phosphorus than adults. The phospholipid percentage was higher in microfilariae than in adults. The amino acid pattern of both stages was very similar.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00925369
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  • 8
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Large-scale preparation of a lectin from sunn hemp seeds (Crotalaria juncea) (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 79-88 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A procedure for large-scale preparation of a lectin from Crotalaria juncea seeds is described. The method involve fractionation by pH- and ammonium sulfate precipitation followed by biospecific affinity chromatography. The adsorbent used for the affinity chromatography was prepared by coupling galactose to Sepharose 6B activated with divinylsulfone. A comparison of different apparatus and techniques involved in the preparation is discussed. The yield and quality of the lectin prepared at a large scale were comparable with laboratory-scale preparation. From 50 kg Crotalaria juncea beans, 14.4 g Crotalaria lectin were obtained.
    Zusätzliches Material: 2 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220107
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  • 9
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Model of growth and ergot alkaloid production by Claviceps purpurea (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 255-270 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: A growth model for Claviceps purpurea in submerged batch culture is presented. In developing the model, the basic principles of the growth and the morphological properties of C. purpurea are considered. The growth of C. purpurea is assumed to occur in a three-step manner; the first step involves the assimilation and the growth of cells; the second one involves cell division, and the third one involves transformation of the mature cells to a state where they have no ability to divide but do have the ability to produce ergot alkaloids and then they gradually die. Inorganic phosphate is assumed to be the limiting substrate for the first and the second steps in conditions of carbon source being in excess. The model constants are determined by model simulation and graphical searching techniques to find the minimum value of the absolute difference between the experimental and the simulated curves for biomass, alkaloids, and sucrose.
    Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220202
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  • 10
    Digitale Medien
    Digitale Medien
    Immobilization of β-galactosidase and other enzymes onto p-amino-carbanilated cellulose derivatives (1980)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 22 (1980), S. 311-321 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Thema: Biologie , Werkstoffwissenschaften, Fertigungsverfahren, Fertigung
    Notizen: β-Galactosidase and other enzymes were immobilized on p-amino-carbanilated derivatives of cellulose and methylol cellulose using the diazo method and through glutaraldehyde. The optimum conditions for coupling cellulose tri-(p-amino-carbanilate) (CTAC) to β-galactosidase were established. The diazo coupling method with CTAC gave greater activity than with glutaraldehyde when coupled to β-galactosidase (Escherichia coli). The stability of the CTAC-β-galactosidase system was examined. The disubstituted p-amino-carbanilate derivative (CDAC) gave a lower activity, whereas the methylol analog (MCTAC) gave slightly greater activity. The CTAC was also used to immobilize glucose oxidase, trypsin, pepsin, and papain.
    Zusätzliches Material: 5 Ill.
    Materialart: Digitale Medien
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260220206
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