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  • Articles  (4)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Animals
  • General Chemistry
  • monitoring
  • 1990-1994  (4)
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (4)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Research implications of the 1988 Canadian prairie provinces drought (1992)
    Springer
    Natural hazards 6 (1992), S. 109-129 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0840
    Keywords: Drought ; agriculture ; hydrology ; monitoring ; research
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Geography , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The 1988 drought conditions, which prevailed over the southern portion of the Canadian prairie provinces, resulted in severe impacts on agriculture, water resources, forestry, and waterfowl production. In this paper, the climatological aspects of the drought are reviewed and the impacts of the drought are described. In addition, a number of the environmental factors that may have aggravated the drought's impacts are discussed. Processes contributing to the 1988 drought are considered in terms of their scales, relative importance and possible effects. It was evident from the information needs of government agencies and private businesses which had to cope with the effects of the 1988 drought, that studies are needed to effectively monitor drought and adjust to its impacts. In this paper, these needs are discussed; several specific hypotheses concerning drought-related processes are advanced and a framework for addressing the scientific aspects of droughts on the Canadian prairies is proposed. It is anticipated that many of these identified research needs and opportunities are applicable to other drought-prone areas of the world.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00124619
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Tritium environmental transport studies at TFTR (1993)
    Springer
    Journal of fusion energy 12 (1993), S. 145-148 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9591
    Keywords: tritium ; transport ; monitoring ; environment ; model ; validation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Environmental tritium concentrations will be measured near the Tokamak Fusion Test Reactor (TFTR) to help validate dynamic models of tritium transport in the environment. For model validation the database must contain sequential measurements of tritium concentrations in key environmental compartments. Since complete containment of tritium is an operational goal, the supplementary monitoring program should be able to glean useful data from an unscheduled acute release. Portable air samplers will be used to take samples automatically every 4 hours for a week after an acute release, thus obtaining the time resolution needed for code validation. Samples of soil, vegetation, and foodstuffs will be gathered daily at the same locations as the active air monitors. The database may help validate the plant/soil/air part of tritium transport models and enhance environmental tritium transport understanding for the International Thermonuclear Experimental Reactor (ITER).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01059370
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Monitoring the progress of attempts to reduce nutrient load and inputs of certain compounds in the north sea by 50% (1990)
    Springer
    Environmental management 14 (1990), S. 221-227 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Nutrient reduction ; North Sea ; monitoring
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract During the winter period an inverse linear relation is found between the concentration of dissolved nutrients (phosphorus and nitrogen) and salinity in the Dutch coastal zone. This indicates a conservative behavior of these compounds from the river, through the estuary to the sea. During summer this relation is much more scattered because of biological processes. The physical and statistical properties of the relationship between salinity and the concentration of dissolved inorganic phosphorus and nitrogen are used to calculate when, where, and how many samples have to be taken in order to monitor a reduction of a compound accurately. It appeared that at any given salinity in the estuary and in the sea, the winter period is the most suitable season to detect a reduction of a given dissolved compound. The higher the salinity in the estuary, the more samples are required to prove the reduction significantly. A reduction of only 10% cannot even be demonstrated by field measurements during summer at salinities above 25. It is concluded that one cruise from the river to the sea, covering the salinities from 0 to 35 during the winter period, aimed at establishing the relationship between the concentration and salinity by taking samples at a salinity interval of for instance 1%, is sufficient to monitor a wide-ranging reduction of 10%–50% in both the fresh water and marine water. This program must be combined with a sampling at a salinity of 0, directed to determine the riverine temporal variability.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02394039
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The U.S. Environmental policy experience: A critique with Suggestions for the European Community (1993)
    Springer
    Environmental and resource economics 3 (1993), S. 359-379 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-1502
    Keywords: Environmental policy ; air quality ; water quality ; hazardous wastes ; monitoring ; enforcement ; federal-state relations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper recites much of the history of U.S. environmental policy, covering air quality, water quality, hazardous wastes, monitoring and enforcement, integration of environmental considerations into general economic planning, and the issue of federal-state relations. Policies are criticized in terms of excessive cost and lack of effective enforcement, but successful and innovative practices also are identified, especially the use of tradable discharge permits and productive state-federal relationships. Suggestions for European Community policy formulation are made.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00418817
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