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  • Articles  (17)
  • Flexible manufacturing systems
  • optimization
  • 1990-1994  (5)
  • 1985-1989  (12)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1970-1974
  • 1950-1954
  • 1945-1949
  • Economics  (17)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Optimum-Simulation von Ernteprozessen (1994)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 15 (1994), S. 235-246 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Simulation ; Optimierung ; Ernteprozeß ; Bedienungsprozeß ; räumliche Aspekte ; Einflußgröße ; Zielgröße ; Bewertungsprozeß ; Simulation ; optimization ; harvesting process ; operational process ; spacious aspects ; influence factor ; target value ; valuation process
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Abstract There is a wide range of possibilities for optimizing harvest process as transport-connected operations in a flow system. They are multi-stage operating process charakterized by a mixed arrangement of the operating elements. Above that, they have distinct spacious aspects. It is demonstrated which charakteristics of such processes have to be simulated by models, what target values should be determined in dependence on which influence factors and under which operational conditions. Furthermore it is elucidated how the valuation process for obtaining the desired information has to be shaped.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung Bei der Gestaltung von Ernteprozessen — beispielsweise des Prozesses „Mähdrusch, Körnertransport und -abnahme“ — als transportverbundene Fließarbeitsverfahren mit mindestens zwei verschiedenen Arbeitsmitteln gibt es einen großen Optimierungsspielraum. Solche Prozesse sind mehrstufige Bedienungsprozesse mit gemischter Anordnung der Bedienungseinrichtungen. Außerdem besitzen sie stark ausgeprägte räumliche Aspekte. Es wird vor allem gezeigt, welche Merkmale solcher Prozesse in Simulationsmodellen abgebildet sein müssen, welche Zielgrößen in Abhängigkeit von welchen Einflußgrößen unter Berücksichtigung welcher Prozeßbedingungen ermittelt werden sollten und wie der Bewertungsprozeß zur Ermittlung der gewünschten Informationen gestaltet werden muß.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01719455
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The role of multi-objective optimization in negotiation and mediation support (1993)
    Springer
    Theory and decision 34 (1993), S. 201-214 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7187
    Keywords: Negotiation ; multi-objective modeling ; optimization ; mediation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Sociology , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The paper reviews the methodology of multi-objective modeling and optimization used in decision support based on computerized analytical models (as opposed to logical models used in expert systems) that represent expert knowledge in a given field. The essential aspects of this methodology relate to its flexibility: modeling and optimization methods are treated not as goals in themselves but as tools that help a sovereign user (an analyst or a decision maker) to interact with the model, to generate and analyze various decision options, to learn about possible outcomes of these decisions. Although the applications of such methods in negotiation and mediation support is scarce yet, their flexibility increases essentially the chances of such applications. Various aspects of negotiation and mediation methods related to multi-objective optimization and game theory are also reviewed. A possible application of the MCBARG system for supporting negotiation related to the acid rain problem is briefly summarized.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01075189
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    OR-Modelle zur Planung flexibler Fertigungssysteme Ein Überblick (1992)
    Springer
    OR spectrum 14 (1992), S. 177-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1436-6304
    Keywords: Flexible Fertigungssysteme ; langfristige Produktionsplanung ; kurzfristige Produktionsplanung ; Leistungsanalyse ; geschlossene Warteschlangennetzwerke ; Flexible manufacturing systems ; long-term production planning ; short-term production planning ; performance evaluation ; closed queueing networks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary This paper presents an overview over the problems arising with the design and operation of flexible manufacturing systems. Existing quantitative models are described and discussed with respect to their usefulness as a decision support tool.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In diesem Beitrag wird ein Überblic über die Probleme vermittelt, die sich bei der Konfiguration und dem Betrieb eines flexiblen Fertigungssystems stellen. Die zur Behandlung der wichtigsten Problemtypen verfügbaren Modellierungsansätze werden systematisch beschrieben und auf ihren möglichen Einsatz zur Entscheidungsunterstützung für die betriebliche Praxis hin untersucht.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01733401
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The effect of delayed feedback information on network performance (1992)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 36 (1992), S. 101-124 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Computer networks ; feedback control ; flow control ; optimization ; routing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The performance of a network subject to either state dependent or state independent flow control is investigated. In the state dependent case, the flow control policy is a function of the total number of packets for which the controller has not yet received an acknowledgment. In this case it is shown that the optimal flow control is a sliding window mechanism. The effect of the delayed feedback on the network performance as well as the size of the window are studied. The state independent optimal rate is also derived. The performance of the state dependent and state independent flow control policies are compared. Conditions for employing one of the two types of flow control policies for superior end-to-end network performance are discussed. All the results obtained are demonstrated using simple examples.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02094326
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    Modified quadratic hill-climbing with SAS/IML (1991)
    Springer
    Computational economics 4 (1991), S. 15-31 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9974
    Keywords: Hill-climbing ; maximum likelihood estimation ; non-linear least squares ; optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This article describes EZClimb, a set of SAS/IML steps useful in solving numerical optimization problems. The program uses the method of modified quadratic hill-climbing with either analytical or numerical derivatives to maximize a user-defined criterion function. Modified quadratic hill-climbing is one of the more powerful algorithms known for function optimization but is not widely available outside of the software package GQOPT. The efficacy of the SAS steps is illustrated using Rosenbrock's function, Savin and White's Box-Cox extended autoregressive model, and Klein's Model I.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00426853
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
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    An efficient method to determine the optimal configuration of a flexible manufacturing system (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 15 (1988), S. 207-225 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; optimal configuration ; queueing network models ; product-form queueing networks ; lower configuration ; heuristic solution ; optimal solution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract A frequently encountered design issue for a flexible manufacturing system (FMS) is to find the lowest cost configuration, i.e. the number of resources of each type (machines, pallets, ...), which achieves a given production rate. In this paper, an efficient method to determine this optimal configuration is presented. The FMS is modelled as a closed queueing network. The proposed procedure first derives a heuristic solution and then the optimal solution. The computational complexity for finding the optimal solution is very reasonable even for large systems, except in some extreme cases. Moreover, the heuristic solution can always be determined and is very close (and often equal) to the optimal solution. A comparison with the previous method of Vinod and Solberg shows that our method performs very well.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186797
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
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    Rigid and flexible automation for manufacturing systems: Characterizing economically-reasonable investments (1988)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 15 (1988), S. 21-35 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; transfer lines ; stationary demand ; economic assessment ; mathematical programming ; Kuhn — Tucker conditions
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract As flexible manufacturing technology has become available across a broad range of applications, an increasingly large number of firms have confronted decisions about the adoption of flexible automation versus transfer lines versus some combination of these technologies. While the work of previous authors has provided some guidance to such decision making, the modular character of flexible capacity and the indivisible character of a transfer line have not been the basis, previously, for the development of formal decision rules. This paper makes use of a mixed-integer mathematical programming model to generate formal decision rules which, in turn, become an instrument for analyzing several fundamental hypotheses about the introduction of flexible and/or dedicated automation. The firm is assumed to have the objective of maximizing its present value and must account for the interaction of its markets with technological opportunities, present and anticipated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02186789
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A decision theoretic approach to file search (1988)
    Springer
    Computational economics 1 (1988), S. 3-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9974
    Keywords: Decision theory ; optimization ; file search ; algorithm design
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Economics
    Notes: Abstract We investigate the relationship between algorithm construction and optimal decision processes. We provide a sufficient condition, a linear ordering over the experiment set, for when we can efficiently use an optimization approach for selecting a decision strategy. We demonstrate the linear ordering condition within the context of the file search problem; however, any problem whose representation satisfies the linear ordering condition is amenable to the optimization approach.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00435199
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A quadratic programming algorithm (1988)
    Springer
    Mathematical methods of operations research 32 (1988), S. 271-297 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-5217
    Keywords: Quadratic programming ; optimization ; conjugate directions ; decomposition
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Description / Table of Contents: Zusammenfassung Unter Benutzung von konjungierten Richtungen wird eine Methode zur Lösung von konvexen, quadratischen Optimierungsproblemen entwickelt. Der Algorithmus erzeugt eine Folge von zulässigen Lösungen und endet nach einer endlichen Anzahl von Iterationen. Erweiterungen des Algorithmus für nichtkonvexe und für große strukturierte quadratische Optimierungsprobleme werden diskutiert.
    Notes: Abstract By using conjugate directions a method for solving convex quadratic programming problems is developed. The algorithm generates a sequence of feasible solutions and terminates after a finite number of iterations. Extensions of the algorithm for nonconvex and large structured quadratic programming problems are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01920297
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Response surface methodology as a means for efficient data storage and retrieval (1987)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 8 (1987), S. 351-362 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Response surface methodology ; simulation ; optimization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Managing the volume of experimental and/or simulation data required for large-scale design studies can be a significant problem. This paper describes a method for dealing with this problem, using response surface methodology. The method involves (1) determining a summary parameterization of the response of the underlying process mechanism generating the data, in order to characterize this response in terms of a manageable set of performance measures, and (2) deriving a model of the data, in order to summarize the dependence of the performance measures on selected predictor or design variables. The method is illustrated by its application to a problem in vehicle collision research.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02187101
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental investigation of real-time scheduling in flexible manufacturing systems (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 3 (1985), S. 355-377 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; scheduling ; manufacturing systems ; simulation ; computer integrated manufacturing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a new two-phase (TP) approximate method for real-time scheduling in a flexible manufacturing system (FMS). This method combines a reduced enumeration schedule generation algorithm with a 0–1 optimization algorithm. In order to make the combined algorithm practicable, heuristic rules are introduced for the selection of jobs to be scheduled. The relative performance of the TP method vis-a-vis conventional heuristic dispatching rules such as SPT, LPT, FCFS, MWKR, and LWKR is investigated using combined process-interaction/discrete-event simulation models. An efficient experimental procedure is designed and implemented using these models, and the statistical analysis of the results is presented. For the particular case investigated, the conclusions are very encouraging. In terms of mean flow time, the TP method performs significantly better than any other tested heuristic dispatching rules. Also, the experimental results show that using global information significantly improves the FMS performance.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023749
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
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    An overview of evaluative models for flexible manufacturing systems (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 3 (1985), S. 13-21 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; queueing models ; simulation ; performance evaluation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) are a class of automated systems which can be used to improve productivity in discrete parts manufacturing. Due to the complexity of these systems, it is useful to have models that can aid in the design and operation of FMSs. We specifically differentiate here betweengenerative (or prescriptive) models, whichfind candidate decisions, andevaluative (or descriptive) models, whichevaluate a given set of decisions. We briefly cover, in a practical context, the pros and cons of these two classes of models. Then we focus on the latter class of models. Evaluative models for FMSs fall into five main classes, based on the technique used, namely: static allocation, queueing network theory, simulation, perturbation analysis, and Petri nets. Each of these approaches is briefly described, advantages and disadvantages mentioned, and references given to more detailed papers.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023766
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  • 13
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    Optimization using spreadsheets on a microcomputer (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 5 (1985), S. 599-612 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Microcomputers ; spreadsheets ; linear programming ; optimization ; software
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses the advantages of using spreadsheets for problem specification and report generation in optimization projects. It summarizes some of the mathematical programming software which is compatible with popular spreadsheets. A small production planning problem is used to illustrate the steps in input and processing of the results. Two programs are compared in detail.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023613
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  • 14
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    A large scale machine loading problem in flexible assembly (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 3 (1985), S. 317-332 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; integer programming heuristics ; multiple criteria programming ; material flow systems
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract Flexible manufacturing is characterized by versatile work stations with minimum change over times and a versatile material handling system. The loading problem in flexible manufacturing is to assign tools, material, operations and jobs to work stations in order to minimize the total number of job-to-work station assignments. In this paper, we describe a special case of the general loading problem applied to flexible assembly and develop a discrete optimization model. We then discuss approaches for obtaining good heuristic solutions and present results for a large scale study.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023747
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  • 15
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    A technique for on-line sensitivity analysis of flexible manufacturing systems (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 3 (1985), S. 379-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; discrete event systems ; real-time systems ; monitoring ; simulation ; performance evaluation ; perturbation analysis
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract The recent perturbation analysis approach to discrete event systems is applied to flexible manufacturing systems (FMS). While analytic (queueing) models are useful in preliminary design of such systems, they are not accurate enough at the detailed design/operation stage. Thus, experimentation on detailed simulations or on the actual system has been the way to optimize system performance. Perturbation analysis allows us to derive the sensitivity of system performance, with respect to several design/operating parameters, by observing a single experiment (and without having to actually alter the parameters — often a costly operation). Thus, observation of one experiment can give accurate directions for the improvement of several parameter values. Here we give a simulation example illustrating how perturbation analysis could be used on-line on an FMS to improve its performance, including reducing its operating cost. Experimental results are also presented validating the estimates obtained from this technique.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023776
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  • 16
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    A Petri net approach to the modelling and analysis of flexible manufacturing systems (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 3 (1985), S. 449-472 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Flexible manufacturing systems ; concurrency ; Petri net modelling ; union of Petri nets ; place invariants ; deadlocks
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we present an approach for modelling and analyzing flexible manufacturing systems (FMSs) using Petri nets. In this approach, we first build a Petri net model (PNM) of the given FMS in a bottom-up fashion and then analyze important qualitative aspects of FMS behaviour such as existence/absence of deadlocks and buffer overflows. The basis for our approach is a theorem we state and prove for computing the invariants of the union of a finite number of Petri nets when the invariants of the individual nets are known. We illustrate our approach using two typical manufacturing systems: an automated transfer line and a simple FMS.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023780
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  • 17
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    A summary of OR/MS software on microcomputers (1985)
    Springer
    Annals of operations research 5 (1985), S. 613-630 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9338
    Keywords: Microcomputers ; computer programs ; mathematical programming ; software ; optimization ; management science ; operations research
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Economics
    Notes: Abstract This paper provides a summary of some OR/MS software for microcomputers. Lists of packages in many management science techniques are included. A bibliography of other papers is also included. We also summarize the general features of packages in each category. Finally, we mention a few sources to help the reader keep up with the developments in this area.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02023614
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