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  • Articles  (12)
  • saline lakes  (12)
  • Springer  (12)
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • Geography  (12)
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  • Springer  (12)
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  • 1
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: British Columbia ; chrysophytes ; paleolimnology ; saline lakes ; stomatocysts ; weighted-averaging model
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Chrysophycean stomatocysts were identified and enumerated from the surface sediments of 60 lakes located on the Interior Plateau of British Columbia. The lakes span a salinity gradient from freshwater to hypersaline (0.0–92.4 g L−1), with the majority being fresh to hyposaline. One hundred and ten stomatocyst morphotypes, almost all of which were previously described, were identified from the lake sediments. The first axis of direct gradient analysis, which was highly significant, was essentially a salinity axis (i.e. [Ca], [Mg], [K], [Na], [SO4], [DIC], and [Cl]). Most cysts were found to have fairly broad tolerances, with the narrowest tolerances occurring among morphotypes with the lowest salinity optima. Weighted-averaging regression and calibration techniques were used to develop an inference model to measure the relationship between measured average lakewater salinity and stomatocyst inferred salinity (apparent r2=0.80). Simple weighted-averaging produced a model with a lower bootstrapped RMSE of prediction than weighted-averaging with tolerance downweighting. These data indicate that chrysophyte stomatocysts are useful quantitative indicators of past lakewater salinity (in the freshwater to hyposaline range) in B.C. lakes, and can be used to strengthen the interpretations from diatom-inference models already developed from the same region.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 87-108 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: benthos ; crater lakes ; littoral ; macroinvertebrates ; Mexico ; Puebla ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Two saline crater lakes in the basin of Oriental, Puebla-Tlaxcala-Veracruz, were investigated for littoral benthic macroinvertebrates. Fifty taxa were identified with the oligochaetes, amphipods, chironomids and leeches the dominant organisms. These four taxa made up to 99 per cent in both number and biomass. Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Hyalella azteca, Tanypus (Apelopia) sp. and Stictochironomus sp. were the most abundant organisms. Unlike other saline lakes which have a littoral benthos dominated by chironomids, Alchichica and Atexcac were dominated by oligochaetes (70–73 per cent). The gastropod, Physa sp., was found up to a salinity of 8 g L-1; in other studies, it has been found in lower salinities. L. hoffmeisteri is also a typical inhabitant of freshwater lakes, particularly of deep waters. It was dominant in the shallow, saline waters of the two lakes studied. Salinity did not affect species richness. Alchichica, the most saline of the six crater lakes of Puebla (salinity, 7.4 g L-1), had 30 per cent more species than the freshwater lakes, and double the species number of Atexcac. It seems the main factor controlling species richness and the density and biomass of organisms in Alchichica and Atexcac is the presence of aquatic vegetation. It does this by increasing habitat heterogeneity and providing food and protection against predators.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 87-108 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: benthos ; crater lakes ; littoral ; macroinvertebrates ; Mexico ; Puebla ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Two saline crater lakes in the basin of Oriental, Puebla-Tlaxcala-Veracruz, were investigated for littoral benthic macroinvertebrates. Fifty taxa were identified with the oligochaetes, amphipods, chironomids and leeches the dominant organisms. These four taxa made up to 99 per cent in both number and biomass.Limnodrilus hoffmeisteri, Hyalella azteca, Tanypus (Apelopia) sp. andStictochironomus sp. were the most abundant organisms. Unlike other saline lakes which have a littoral benthos dominated by chironomids, Alchichica and Atexcac were dominated by oligochaetes (70–73 per cent). The gastropod,Physa sp., was found up to a salinity of 8 g L−1; in other studies, it has been found in lower salinities.L. hoffmeisteri is also a typical inhabitant of freshwater lakes, particularly of deep waters. It was dominant in the shallow, saline waters of the two lakes studied. Salinity did not affect species richness. Alchichica, the most saline of the six crater lakes of Puebla (salinity, 7.4 g L−1), had 30 per cent more species than the freshwater lakes, and double the species number of Atexcac. It seems the main factor controlling species richness and the density and biomass of organisms in Alchichica and Atexcac is the presence of aquatic vegetation. It does this by increasing habitat heterogeneity and providing food and protection against predators.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: microbial mats ; mixis ; nutrient loading ; periphyton ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The changes in the trophic state in the Salada de Chiprana (north-eastern Spain) over two quite different seasonal cycles (1989, 1994/95) were studied. During the former cycle, the lake was permanently stratified, and was biogenically meromictic, and in the latter, showed no apparent stratification. The main variables related to the physico-chemical changes observed can be attributed to the effect caused by the increase in the nutrient loading. The large amounts of nutrients (total-N and total-P) and organic matter are due to the use of the lake as a reservoir for water discharged from irrigation. Two remarkable effects of the change are the permanent mixing of the water column and the immobilization of phosphorus in the form of ionic species and solid phases that are not available to the biota especially primary producers (phytoplankton, periphyton, microbial mats). The results of the present study emphasize the fragility of (hyper) saline ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbances such as increases in freshwater inflow and nutrient inputs. Likewise, the study reveals the failure of conservation criteria that have been used to manage this lake, especially those which refer to the control of freshwater, nutrient-rich influents.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 261-274 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: cyanobacteria ; lake management ; Mono Lake ; nitrogen fixation ; salinity ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Mono Lake is a hypersaline alkaline lake in the high altitude Great Basin desert of eastern California. Algal productivity of the lake is nitrogen-limited, and a contributing source is derived from benthic nitrogen fixation. Lake level and salinity have fluctuated with natural climatic variations but have also been affected by the diversion of tributary streams. This research examines the influence of varied salinity and lake level on the potential for benthic nitrogen fixation in Mono Lake. A sediment-surface microbial mat community was exposed directly, and in acclimated cultures, to a range of Mono Lake salinities under anaerobic incubations and the activity of nitrogenase assayed by acetylene reduction. Activity was stimulated in light, but also occurred in darkness. Over an experimental salinity range from 50 to 150 g L−1 TDS, nitrogenase activity was reduced by 90 per cent, with the activity persisting at the highest salinity being attributable to dark fixation alone. Between a salinity of 50 g L−1, occurring in Mono Lake over 50 years ago, and 100 g L−1, nitrogenase activity was reduced by nearly half. Changes in the area of the littoral zone at varied lake levels also affect the total amount of potential benthic nitrogen fixation in the lake. An accounting of yearly inputs of nitrogen to Mono Lake suggests N2-fixation could contribute as much as 76–81 percent of the total. Inhibition of nitrogen fixation rates by increased salinity could limit the long-term nutrient supply and benthic primary productivity of this ecosystem.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: conductivity ; relative abundance ; saline lakes ; zooplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Zooplankton collected from vertical net tows were related to the environmental variables from 98 lakes from the Interior Plateau of British Columbia. Canonical correspondence analysis showed that both salinity and ionic composition (pH and Mg) of the lake-water made major and significant contributions to the first two ordination axes (λ=0.42 and 0.11 respectively,P〈0.05). BothArtemia franciscana andMoina hutchinsoni had their highest relative abundance in meso-hypersaline waters. However,Artemia franciscana preferred waters that were higher in Mg and Ca, whileMoina hutchinsoni was found in waters that were lower in Mg and Ca. Similarly, at intermediate salinities,Daphnia pulex and the calanoid copepods preferred waters slightly lower in Mg and Ca, whereasCeriodaphnia laticaudata andSimocephalus spp. were relatively more common in waters higher in Mg and Ca. Because the freshest lakes studied varied much less in ionic composition, the zooplankton in these lakes did not show a preference to ionic composition. As expected, multi-generic groups, such as the calanoid copepods, cyclopoid copepods and nauplii, had wider tolerances to conductivity than groups identified to lower taxonomic levels. Significant weighted-averaging regression and calibration models of conductivity were developed based on zooplankton species composition from the study lakes (r 2=0.56,P〈0.05). Samples composed largely of multi-generic taxa yielded the worst estimates of salinity in the reconstruction model. This study suggests that zooplankton community composition may be developed into a useful proxy for paleosalinity reconstruction.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 261-274 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: cyanobacteria ; lake management ; Mono Lake〉/kwd〉 ; nitrogen fixation ; salinity ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Mono Lake is a hypersaline alkaline lake in the high altitude Great Basin desert of eastern California. Algal productivity of the lake is nitrogen-limited, and a contributing source is derived from benthic nitrogen fixation. Lake level and salinity have fluctuated with natural climatic variations but have also been affected by the diversion of tributary streams. This research examines the influence of varied salinity and lake level on the potential for benthic nitrogen fixation in Mono Lake. A sediment-surface microbial mat community was exposed directly, and in acclimated cultures, to a range of Mono Lake salinities under anaerobic incubations and the activity of nitrogenase assayed by acetylene reduction. Activity was stimulated in light, but also occurred in darkness. Over an experimental salinity range from 50 to 150 g L-1 TDS, nitrogenase activity was reduced by 90 per crnt, with the activity persisting at the highest salinity being attributable to dark fixation alone. Between a salinity of 50 g L-1, occurring in Mono Lake over 50 years ago, and 100 g L-1, nitrogenase activity was reduced by nearly half. Changes in the area of the littoral zone at varied lake levels also affect the total amount of potential benthic nitrogen fixation in the lake. An accounting of yearly inputs of nitrogen to Mono Lake suggests N2-fixation could contribute as much as 76–81 percent of the total. Inhibition of nitrogen fixation rates by increased salinity could limit the long-term nutrient supply and benthic primary productivity of this ecosystem.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 5 (1996), S. 287-313 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: claypans ; hydrology ; intermittent wetlands ; littoral invertebrates ; physicochemical features ; saline lakes ; tadpoles ; waterbirds ; zooplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract Bloodwood Station, 130 km NW of Bourke, NSW, has a diverse array of intermittently flooded wetlands raging from salinas to fresh waters, either clear, opaque or very turbid, and from relatively large (820 ha) to quite small (〈1 ha). A study during 1995 followed the filling of 22 wetlands after heavy rain in January to subsequent drying or recession, and looked at the relationship between physicochemical features, aquatic plants, zooplankton, littoral invertebrates, tadpoles, and waterbirds. Wetlands were delineated into two major groups: saline and fresh, with the latter subdivided into five types — clear fresh waters, artificial tanks, vegetated pans, turbid pans, and miscellaneous. The saline lakes developed extensive beds of macrophytes some months after filling which attracted large number of waterbirds. Later, abundant Zooplankton were feed for many Pink-eared Duck. Most of the fresh waters developed large initial populations of phyllopodous crustaceans, Zooplankton and tadpoles, but these waters attracted few waterbirds. Clearer fresh waters later grew macrophytes which attracted many waterbirds, but the turbid claypans remained unattractive to waterbirds during their existence, despite harbouring a host of invertebrates. The vegetated pans, artificial tanks and miscellaneous sites attracted only a few waterbirds, but the tanks along with the persistent clear fresh waters become important as feeding and resting sites as other wetlands dried towards the year end. Few waterbirds bred on these wetlands during 1995. However, many were important as major feeding sites and formed part of a mosaic of intermittent wetlands for Australia's inland waterbirds.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 5 (1996), S. 253-260 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: saline lakes ; chlorophyll ; size-fractions ; phytoplankton ; shallow lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The size-fractionated distribution of chlorophylla was studied in a temporary hypersaline lake situated in the south of Spain during an annual hydrological cycle characterized by low levels of rainfall. The contribution of each size class to the total chlorophylla concentration indicates that ultraplankton (size class 〈5μm) was the most important fraction of phytoplankton biomass during this year.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 45-80 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: aquatic flora and fauna ; circum-lacustrine vegetation ; cormophytes ; microphytobenthos ; pelogenous/non-pelogenous lakes ; phytoplankton ; Romania ; saline lakes ; zooplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract An inventory of the aquatic and circum-lacustrine flora and aquatic fauna of 23 karst- and anthroposaline lakes formed on Miocene rock salt bodies in Romania was undertaken. Simultaneous field determinations of water and sediment pH, total dissolved solids, Secchi transparency and lake maximum depth were also made. Environmental conditions for phytoplankton, microphytobenthos, macrophyte and cormophyte species were defined. Relations between the numbers of plankton, microbenthos, macrophyte and cormophyte species differentiated pelogenous (usually, therapeutic) and non-pelogenous lakes. High densities and occurrence frequencies characterized the most representative species. For three of these species, Amphora veneta, Artemia sp. and Potamogeton pectinatus, ecological conditions were noted. In the circum-lacustrine vegetation, glycophytes were more important than halophytes.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    International journal of salt lake research 7 (1998), S. 45-80 
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: aquatic flora and fauna ; circum-lacustrine vegetation ; cormophytes ; microphytobenthos ; pelogenous/non-pelogenous lakes ; phytoplankton ; Romania ; saline lakes ; zooplankton
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract An inventory of the aquatic and circum-lacustrine flora and aquatic fauna of 23 karst- and anthroposaline lakes formed on Miocene rock salt bodies in Romania was undertaken. Simultaneous field determinations of water and sediment pH, total dissolved solids, Secchi transparency and lake maximum depth were also made. Environmental conditions for phytoplankton, microphytobenthos, macrophyte and cormophyte species were defined. Relations between the numbers of plankton, microbenthos, macrophyte and cormophyte species differentiated pelogenous (usually, therapeutic) and non-pelogenous lakes. High densities and occurrence frequencies characterized the most representative species. For three of these species,Amphora veneta, Artemia sp. andPotamogeton pectinatus, ecological conditions were noted. In the circum-lacustrine vegetation, glycophytes were more important than halophytes.
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  • 12
    ISSN: 1573-8590
    Keywords: microbial mats ; mixis ; nutrient loading ; periphyton ; saline lakes
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geography
    Notes: Abstract The changes in the trophic state in the Salada de Chiprana (north-eastern Spain) over two quite different seasonal cycles (1989, 1994/95) were studied. During the former cycle, the lake was permanently stratified, and was biogenically meromictic, and in the latter, showed no apparent stratification. The main variables related to the physico-chemical changes observed can be attributed to the effect caused by the increase in the nutrient loading. The large amounts of nutrients (total-N and total-P) and organic matter are due to the use of the lake as a reservoir for water discharged from irrigation. Two remarkable effects of the change are the permanent mixing of the water column and the immobilization of phosphorus in the form of ionic species and solid phases that are not available to the biota especially primary producers (phytoplankton, periphyton, microbial mats). The results of the present study emphasize the fragility of (hyper) saline ecosystems to anthropogenic disturbances such as increases in freshwater inflow and nutrient inputs. Likewise, the study reveals the failure of conservation criteria that have been used to manage this lake, especially those which refer to the control of freshwater, nutrient-rich influents.
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