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  • Articles  (2,461)
  • Springer  (2,461)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 1995-1999  (2,461)
  • Philosophy  (2,461)
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  • Articles  (2,461)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Studia logica 54 (1995), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
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  • 2
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    Springer
    Studia logica 54 (1995), S. 129-137 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
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  • 3
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    Springer
    Studia logica 54 (1995), S. 391-410 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Our purpose is to formulate a complete logic of propositions that takes into account the fact that propositions are both senses provided with truth values and contents of conceptual thoughts. In our formalization, propositions are more complex entities than simple functions from possible worlds into truth values. They have a structure of constituents (a content) in addition to truth conditions. The formalization is adequate for the purposes of the logic of speech acts. It imposes a stronger criterion of propositional identity than strict equivalence. Two propositions P and Q are identical if and only if, for any illocutionary force F, it is not possible to perform with success a speech act of the form F(P) without also performing with success a speech act of the form F(Q). Unlike hyperintensional logic, our logic of propositions is compatible with the classical Boolean laws of propositional identity such as the symmetry and the associativity of conjunction and the reduction of double negation.
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  • 4
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    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 63-87 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract We continue a series of papers on a family of many-valued modal logics, a family whose Kripke semantics involves many-valued accessibility relations. Earlier papers in the series presented a motivation in terms of a multiple-expert semantics. They also proved completeness of sequent calculus formulations for the logics, formulations using a cut rule in an essential way. In this paper a novel cut-free tableau formulation is presented, and its completeness is proved.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 113-127 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Chang's MV algebras are the algebras of the infinite-valued sentential calculus of Łukasiewicz. We introduce finitely additive measures (called states) on MV algebras with the intent of capturing the notion of ‘average degree of truth’ of a proposition. Since Boolean algebras coincide with idempotent MV algebras, states yield a generalization of finitely additive measures. Since MV algebras stand to Boolean algebras as AFC*-algebras stand to commutative AFC*-algebras, states are naturally related to noncommutativeC*-algebraic measures.
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  • 6
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    Springer
    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 259-271 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Keywords: Primary 03B45, 06E25 ; Secondary 18C10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract We show that (contrary to the parallel case of intuitionistic logic, see [7], [4]) there does not exist a translation fromS42 (the propositional modal systemS4 enriched with propositional quantifiers) intoS4 that preserves provability and reduces to identity for Boolean connectives and □.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract The main result is that is no effective algorithmic answer to the question:how to recognize whether arbitrary modal formula has a first-order equivalent on the class of finite frames. Besides, two known problems are solved: it is proved algorithmic undecidability of finite frame consequence between modal formulas; the difference between global and local variants of first-order definability of modal formulas on the class of transitive frames is shown.
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  • 8
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    Springer
    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 99-112 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract In this paper we find an algebraic equivalent of the Hallden property in modal logics, namely, we prove that the Hallden-completeness in any normal modal logic is equivalent to the so-called super-embedding property of a suitable class of modal algebras. The joint embedding property of a class of algebras is equivalent to the Pseudo-Relevance Property. We consider connections of the above-mentioned properties with interpolation and amalgamation. Also an algebraic equivalent of of the principle of variable separation in superintuitionistic logics will be found.
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  • 9
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    Springer
    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 129-179 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract Theabstract variable binding calculus (VB-calculus) provides a formal frame-work encompassing such diverse variable-binding phenomena as lambda abstraction, Riemann integration, existential and universal quantification (in both classical and nonclassical logic), and various notions of generalized quantification that have been studied in abstract model theory. All axioms of the VB-calculus are in the form of equations, but like the lambda calculus it is not a true equational theory since substitution of terms for variables is restricted. A similar problem with the standard formalism of the first-order predicate logic led to the development of the theory of cylindric and polyadic Boolean algebras. We take the same course here and introduce the variety of polyadic VB-algebras as a pure equational form of the VB-calculus. In one of the main results of the paper we show that every locally finite polyadic VB-algebra of infinite dimension is isomorphic to a functional polyadic VB-algebra that is obtained from a model of the VB-calculus by a natural coordinatization process. This theorem is a generalization of the functional representation theorem for polyadic Boolean algebras given by P. Halmos. As an application of this theorem we present a strong completeness theorem for the VB-calculus. More precisely, we prove that, for every VB-theory T that is obtained by adjoining new equations to the axioms of the VB-calculus, there exists a model D such that ⊢T s=t iff ⊨D s=t. This result specializes to a completeness theorem for a number of familiar systems that can be formalized as VB-calculi. For example, the lambda calculus, the classical first-order predicate calculus, the theory of the generalized quantifierexists uncountably many and a fragment of Riemann integration.
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Studia logica 55 (1995), S. 301-317 
    ISSN: 1572-8730
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Mathematics , Philosophy
    Notes: Abstract We give a set of postulates for the minimal normal modal logicK + without negation or any kind of implication. The connectives are simply ∧, ∨, □, ◊. The postulates (and theorems) are all deducibility statements ϕ ⊢ ψ. The only postulates that might not be obvious are $$\diamondsuit \varphi \wedge \square \psi \vdash \diamondsuit (\varphi \wedge \psi )\square (\varphi \vee \psi ) \vdash \square \varphi \vee \diamondsuit \psi $$ . It is shown thatK + is complete with respect to the usual Kripke-style semantics. The proof is by way of a Henkin-style construction, with “possible worlds” being taken to be prime theories. The construction has the somewhat unusual feature of using at an intermediate stage disjoint pairs consisting of a theory and a “counter-theory”, the counter-theory replacing the role of negation in the standard construction. Extension to other modal logics is discussed, as well as a representation theorem for the corresponding modal algebras. We also discuss proof-theoretic arguments.
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