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  • Wiley-Blackwell  (47,572)
  • Cell Press  (20,108)
  • Emerald  (13,577)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 1995-1999  (81,257)
Collection
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The passing of the information age is announced and explained, andwe are welcomed to its successor and paradigm for the immediate future,the communication age. The vital importance of the communication age toK-12 education is outlined. Special notice is made of the emergingwide-bandwidth Internet technology, which allows transmission of"libraries per second", and which forces changes on botheducation and business. Will education remain misengaged with attemptsto come to grips with the information age, or will it move ahead withthe challenges and freedom available through the communication age, withthe Internet an integral part of the curriculum?
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 71-79 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Kidlink project began in 1990 with the goal of creating aglobal dialogue among the ten to 15-year-old youths of the world. Theprimary medium for this exchange has been through e-mail mailing lists.Over four years, that project has experienced nearly an order ofmagnitude growth. This growth has entailed major changes in both the waythe dialogue itself has been structured and in the organization of thevolunteers who run the project. Growth is much more of a challenge forthose Internet projects that provide contact with individuals than forthose that are primarily providing access to information. The success ofKIDLINK provides a useful model for others.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 80-88 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: A new form of "museum" has emerged which takes advantage of theInternet's seemingly limitless format options for electronicpresentation and ability to tailor in-depth presentations to nicheaudiences. Constraints of ownership and geographic location are lessenedas Internet-based museums point to sources across the globe. Collectionswhich are physically impossible to construct are being mountedelectronically. Offers a sampler of museums and galleries around theworld which are making use of WorldWide Web or Gopher servers.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 4-13 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Relies on critical theories of technology and democratic disclosureto construct normative communication principles for the development ofthe national information infrastructure. Suggests that efforts toprivatize the information highway, which are currently underway,undermine the network's long-range potential to encouragecitizen-to-citizen discussion of public issues.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 14-24 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Internet researchers state that computer networks provide anegalitarian forum where users are not labeled by gender, race, age,national origin or disability. This assertion ignores the experiences ofmany women using electronic communication systems. Focusses on severallegal issues of special relevance to women, including pornography andhate speech, stalking and sexual harassment, and exclusionary practices.Suggests that the conceptual models used in this research and Internetwork may help to determine future legal practices.
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The National Aeronautics and Space Act of 1958 established theNational Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) and charged it to"provide for the widest practicable and appropriate disseminationof information concerning ... its activities and the resultsthereof". The search for innovative methods to distribute NASA'sinformation led a grassroots team to create the NASA Technical ReportServer (NTRS), which uses the World Wide Web and other popularInternet-based information systems.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 37-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The "collaboratory" concept has recently entered thevernacular of the scientific community to reflect new modes ofscientific communication, cooperation and collaboration made possible byinformation technology. The collaboratory represents a scientificresearch center "without walls" for accessing and sharingdata, information, instrumentation and computational resources. Theprincipal applications of the collaboratory concept have been in thephysical and biological sciences, including space physics, oceanographyand molecular biology. Discusses the attributes of the collaboratory,and applies the concept developed by computer and physical scientists tothe design and operation of the SIPPACCESS prototype informationsystem for complex data to be used through the Internet by sociologists,demographers and economists. Examines obstacles to collaboratorydevelopment for the social sciences. Concludes that four major obstacleswill inhibit the development of collaboratories in the social sciences.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 74-80 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many Mexican universities are now offering Internet access to theirfaculty and users. This access is provided by computer services staffwho traditionally have been responsible only for the technical aspectsof establishing, maintaining, and updating the university computersystems. The computer specialists are finding themselves largelyunprepared to assume this new role as information specialists. Examinesthe newly emerging and evolving roles of these computer specialists.
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  • 9
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 67-73 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the characteristics of bibliographic information retrievalsystems, particularly online public access systems, in terms of thedifficulties children have in using them. The specialized focus oflibrary and information science, the highly abstract nature ofbibliographic representation, and the evolving cognitive development ofchildren are all contributing factors to these difficulties. Describesrecent research and development in interface design, followed byimplications for the design of Internet navigators. The new generationof Internet browsers can give students the ability not only to searchfor information, but also to create and disseminate information usingthe same medium. Such capacity adds a significant dimension and newmeaning to the concept of information retrieval. Concludes thatthoughtful and developmentally appropriate interface design is criticalto the success of children's use of this powerful new resource.
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  • 10
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 5 (1995), S. 3-10 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Evaluates the principal tools available for the retrieval ofinformation from the Internet, e.g. Hytelnet, Archie, Gopher, WAIS, andthe World Wide Web (WWW). Principally concentrates on an evaluation ofthe user interface and search software for each of the aforementionedtools. Concludes with a brief perspective of Internet informationretrieval and the implications for the future.
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  • 11
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    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 79-80 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the problems created by shortfalls in the performance of certain information highway services, Asyncrous Transfer Mode, and in the behavior of users. Describes individual attempts which are being made to iron out these problems, in effect introducing a system of "policing" the network.
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  • 12
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 71-78 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Refers to the growing popularity of "Fidonet" in Africa and compares it with the Internet. Acknowledges that developing countries may miss the information revolution because they lack national information infrastructures and the knowledge and skills required to provide the relevant content for them. Argues that global information should promote human development in areas such as education, health, social services and commercial activity. The Conference of African Ministers recently declared support for the building of Africa's information highway, recognizing the need for African countries to develop information networks for full Internet connectivity, enabling access to the same information systems for Africa's economic recovery and sustainable development.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 77-90 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes how MCB University Press has started to come to terms with the metamorphosis which electronic publishing offers. Sees a future where interactive multimedia products and services are the norm and are quite differently distributed, based on new alliances from within but also from outside the traditional players. Explores how MCB's strengths might be used to succeed in the new frameworks and concludes that double-loop action learning is the only viable way ahead. Suggests that authors will be a constant point of reference and that networked desktop PCs and networked homes will open vast new markets to those who can re-present knowledge and information to gain and hold their attention. Outlines what MCB has done so far.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 13-19 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the efforts of the state library of North Carolina to provide access to the Internet and to electronic information resources for libraries in the state. The major challenge of finding a cost-effective alternative to its statewide network, which was terminated by a 1993 legislative mandate, has led to opportunities to provide better services and resources by switching public libraries to point-to-point accounts and by migrating the state library's information resources to an Internet-accessible workstation.
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 20-26 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that collection development libraries, because of their experience in the areas of collection, organization, evaluation and presentation, are uniquely qualified to create World Wide Web subject resource collections for an academic audience. By learning how to use Internet subject directories and searching sites, and by acquainting themselves with basic HTML tags, these librarians can create guides which can become valuable tools for all Internet users. In the process, they can also expand their own library collections by providing access to networked information which would have otherwise been inaccessible to their users.
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  • 16
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-36 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is changing our society in very dramatic ways. Argues that state libraries need to make it a priority item on their agendas. They need to provide leadership, promote collaboration and provide empowerment for local libraries. Observes that these three key elements, successfully applied, will position libraries and the library profession as leaders within their communities and their states.
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  • 17
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 22-28 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Proposes the "cyberpunk librarian" as an identity for the librarian able to operate in the emerging cyberspace. Describes the properties and culture of this electronic frontier. Reviews a broad range of literature to identify future directions for libraries and librarians who will have to seek a response to the major social impact of technology-driven change. Argues that librarians are presented with an opportunity to reaffirm and assert their professional values and beliefs. They can help to shape a vision of cyberspace that provides benefits to society and individuals based on a fair and equitable distribution of information resources.
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  • 18
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    Electronic Resource
    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 29-30 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Briefly assesses the growth and impact of the Internet, which provides an opportunity for all businesses to use it as a cheap source of communication for more focussed strategic advantage. Outlines some of its benefits and disadvantages if it is used in this way.
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  • 19
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 31-32 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Outlines the reasons for the formation of an Internet-based bank in 1995. States that financial services providers must take any opportunity to provide easier customer access.
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  • 20
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 42-47 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The information highway is a management issue with the same importance as information technology applications and information technology management. Deals with some critical issues which arise in the evolution of an information highway age and its alignment with the evolving management perspectives and strategies.
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  • 21
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 33-43 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the problems designers face in building catalogs in large networks and relates them back to the resource discovery problem. Currently many catalogs tend to be built in an ad hoc fashion - which leads to a great variety in the quality of publicly accessible network catalogs. Furthermore, the research surrounding these catalogs tends to focus on narrow technical issues - resulting in difficult-to-use catalogs. Addresses this problem by providing a usability framework based on the library science and human computer interaction literature, and demonstrates some of those principles via an example of a prototype. Results are interesting to resource discovery tool developers in that a framework for understanding the general resource discovery problem is provided and some techniques for dealing with those problems are presented.
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  • 22
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 53-62 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Many of the activities people perform with the Internet are new, and possibly could not have been conceived before the network became available. Describes innovative uses of the Internet by staff of two Australian universities. While the Internet provides opportunities for communication among its users, it poses challenges to the computing and information systems professionals who support them. It also presents librarians with the opportunity to apply their established skills as educators, information managers, custodians, information providers and change agents in their work with Internet users.
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  • 23
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 64-70 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Explains how the NASA Technical Report Server, a World Wide Web report distribution NASA technical publications service, has been modified for performance enhancement, greater protocol support and human interface optimization. Results include: parallel database queries, significantly decreasing user access times by an average factor of 2.3; access from clients behind firewalls and/or proxies which truncate excessively long Uniform Resource Locators; access to non-Wide Area Information Server (WAIS) databases and compatibility with the Z39-50.3 protocol; and a streamlined user interface.
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  • 24
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 6 (1996), S. 90-92 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the possible directions in which the information superhighway could take us, considering both the benefits of increased knowledge and subsequent increased participation and also the dangers such as the excess of raw information. Suggests that this information needs to be structured and packaged if it is to have a positive effect. Considers these points in a global sense in terms of humanity as a whole.
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  • 25
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 53-58 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Argues that the growing availability of information, especially from electronic sources, offers both potential and problems for the researcher. Increasingly, information has become a commodity, commissioned for a specific purpose and shaped to fit the needs of the commissioner. It follows that user requirements will dictate not just the research remit (what information to collect) but also the selection criteria (why the information is needed). Establishing why information is needed is an integral step in deciding on the particular focus or slant that any search strategy, and subsequent information analysis, must take. A comprehensive, or indeed a balanced, collection of information may be neither necessary nor desirable. End-users may only require information that will support their information need. Choice of information sources will also be governed by these information needs, and their selection is a vital factor in the provision of useful, relevant information and its successful communication to the end-user.
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  • 26
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 61-66 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines the damaging effects that malicious computer abuse, such as hacking and viruses, can have on the development of an information-based society. Computing and telecommunications technologies are a key ingredient in the realization of this society, but are increasingly the targets of criminals and mischief makers. Highlights the apparent escalation in computer-abuse incidents, as illustrated by a number of recent surveys, and examines the effects that these may have on the public perception of technology (and, hence, the smooth transition to the information society). Also presents some broad recommendations regarding what can be done to address the problem. This considers both technical measures to help safeguard systems and revised attitudes to computer abuse, to insure that incidents can be dealt with more effectively.
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  • 27
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 9-15 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Looks at the growth and potential of the Internet in relation to security issues. Presently, lack of security is perceived as a major roadblock to doing business on-line. Risks of system corruption, fraud, theft and viruses point companies to the need for enhanced security. Investigates the importance of securing a company's systems, its individual users, and its commercial transactions, and provides a checklist along with a brief discussion of available protection measures for these three primary security concerns.
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  • 28
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 16-26 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses the (primarily Catholic) Church in the "information society," and explores the nature of communications in this context, and specifically the Internet. Suggests that the Church must embrace today's communications media and leverage its position as social and ethical advisor and counselor within the primarily capitalist social systems within which it operates. Sees the Internet as morally neutral technology, able to be utilized as a force for good or bad, education, propaganda and entertainment, and challenges the Church to embrace its utilization.
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  • 29
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 27-31 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Aquariums include exhibits and enclosures of freshwater and marine plant and animal species. Notes that a rapid expansion in the number of aquariums has occurred over the last ten years and in addition the complexity of exhibits and activities is also expanding in an aquarium "explosion." Points out that increasing interest in the environment and in marine life has led to significant economic success for aquariums. This is part of a trend in "entertainment and recreation involving animals" which also includes theme parks and zoos. Similar in many ways to museums and galleries, aquariums display species within restricted conditions. Lists various Internet addresses of aquariums using the Internet to take advantage of presentation techniques and wider audiences.
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  • 30
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    Bingley : Emerald
    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 43-45 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers the correct role of the European Commission in the light of its dependency on information from all European Union institutions.
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  • 31
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 46-47 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Briefly describes the history of the Internet and OHIONET. Discusses OCLC's role and involvement in providing a comprehensive service nationwide. Covers OCLC's commitment to provide selected services to its members via the Internet, and details the advantages of this.
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  • 32
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 32-42 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Proposes World Thai Expert Link (WorldTEL), to exploit new Information and Communication Technologies (ICTs), or telematics, as a main means of creating social groups and thus task-oriented workgroups in terms of motivational advantage and in a context of the psychology of interpersonal relations in a new geography of virtual space. Introduces the concept of "diaspora" communications in terms of the widespread distribution of special interest groups (e.g. experts, managers), highlighting related corporate communication issues, while concentrating on the Thai Expert diaspora. Touches on the critical philosophical issues and introduces a new relativity of space arising from the idea that, already, ICTs can enable spaces to move and people stay.
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  • 33
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 48-50 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses two online directories, Hytelnet and Libgopher, which allow users to connect to a library catalog on the Internet.
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  • 34
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 51-52 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Describes two categories of scholarly Internet resources: peer-reviewed electronic journals and academic discussion lists. Discusses the advantages and disadvantages of each in turn.
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  • 35
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 95-100 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: The Internet has evolved into a dynamic source of information as well as an extraordinary marketing tool that is able to reach nearly any user. The Internet phenomenon has become a source for gathering timely information and converting data into profitable results at a faster rate for many firms and individuals in this revolutionary era of the twentieth century. Participants of the economy from households to foreign markets have found this dynamic phenomenal system to be a way to reach the masses with a large percentage of the Earth's composite knowledge. Examines the revolutionary impact of the Internet on the discipline of marketing for the next decade and next century.
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  • 36
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 85-94 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: It is widely assumed - and frequently asserted - that university communication practices are being radically transformed by the introduction of electronic communication. Explores the introduction of Internet access in a single university, the University of Canberra, located in the capital city of Australia. The prime objective was to identify the frequency and type of use that academic staff were making of the Internet during 1995, with supplementary objectives being to record perceptions of users toward the Internet, and barriers to its effective use. The principal finding is not unexpected: academics were making very varied use of the Internet. Some staff were utilizing some facilities on a daily basis; others were yet to begin exploring this new communication medium. A particular surprise was that at the time of this survey the Internet was being used very little for teaching.
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  • 37
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 109-115 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Presents a model which organizations can use to monitor Web site effectiveness. Argues that anecdotal evidence can be colorful but is not useful in structuring and managing an effective site. Suggests that traditional disciplines of composition and communication - explicit purpose, coherent structure, relevant conclusion - should be applied to Web site design. Concludes that customer feedback must be managed in a disciplined way, by ensuring that feedback is representative of the customer population as a whole, not just of those with a propensity to comment; and that the purpose and aims of a Web site must be thought through with the utmost care and attention to give a higher likelihood of creating an effective site.
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  • 38
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 101-108 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Analyzes the Internet as a reference tool based on its ability to provide rapid access to authoritative information or sources of information. Reveals that the Internet provides no comprehensive mechanism for identifying quality information. Bibliographic structure is also disparate, making it impossible to adopt a coherent strategy for identifying quality information. A unified service interface would help alleviate this problem. An analysis of the use of the Internet by academic librarians reveals that existing bibliographic structure is not used to best advantage. Simple strategies which would limit these deficiencies, such as the use of electronic mail, are not used. Suitable training, from an introductory to advanced level, would alleviate this problem. Suggests the use of an amended version of Benson's decision tree as a pedagogical tool. This model would help to decide when to use the Internet and suggest search paths for different question types.
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  • 39
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 116-119 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses "smart cards" as electronic cash carriers. Examines technological innovations such as the Mondex "electronic purse" in the UK, where card values can be topped up by telephone. Forecasts that in the next few years, physical cash will be replaced as a main medium for transactions by "e-cash," which is cheaper to manufacture, more portable, and more versatile.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 120-128 
    ISSN: 1066-2243
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Financial services is undergoing a period of unprecedented change - new products, new entrants, mergers and acquisitions, downsizing ... and now another new delivery channel: the Internet. The performance attributes of the Internet are related to both the needs of consumers and the nature of financial services products. Suggests loans, cross-border services, payments and "knowledge/advice" as areas of opportunity in the early development of this new marketplace. Explores scenarios for the future development of "bancassurer" offerings and for electronic commerce as a whole. Draws on some of Hyperion's recent experience in helping to launch electronic commerce services on the Internet, reengineering of financial institutions and electronic cash, to suggest approaches for organizations wishing to participate in this new "marketspace." While businesses can now begin to develop strategies for exploiting cyberspace, argues that existing organizational structures may be inappropriate.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 161-169 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Develops detailed marketing strategy recommendations for online commerce based on the general popularity of the Internet, the unique nature of doing business there, and how its attributes may be utilized for a successful marketing presence.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 129-152 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses strategies for implementing modern knowledge management curricula in academic programs for adult professionals. References the perspectives of multidisciplinary curricula covering information and society; multimedia and hypermedia; electronic information design and presentation; and infrastructure development and implementation. The analysis assumes the increasing involvement of highly trained professionals in adult education programs; the continuing growth of corporate universities in scope and breadth; the integration of corporate programs with traditional colleges and universities; and the increasing use of the Internet as a mechanism to coordinate, supplement, support, and integrate learning experiences. Advances historical and pedagogical methodologies as a means to provide perspective and structure for program development and future research. References an information technology (IT) program for mid-career information managers in Northern California and serving the high-technology area known as Silicon Valley.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 189-194 
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    Notes: Documents the sequence of steps taken in setting up a cross-cultural management course, and making extensive use of the Internet to add to the reality of the experience for fourth-year and MBA students who, like most university students, have access to the Internet, a communication medium that allows inexpensive contact with other cultures.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 170-188 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Analyzes a national random telephone survey, carried out in October 1995, on the motivations for and barriers to Internet usage. Eight percent of the random sample reported being Internet users, while surprisingly another 8 percent reported being former users. In total, 85 percent of respondents reported having heard of the Internet. The survey showed evidence of a digital divide, Internet users being generally wealthier and more highly educated, and blacks and Hispanics disproportionately unaware of the Internet. Social and work networks appear to be important for stimulating interest in the Internet and providing users with support. As to reasons for using the Internet, socio-personal development appears to be the key driver, while nonusers have a decidedly different set of beliefs about the Internet's value. As to the barriers to Internet usage, even experienced users find it difficult to get started, which confirms other studies of this topic. Barriers include cost and difficulties in understanding how to use the Internet. Concludes that the results of the survey indicate that people strongly desire an easier-to-use Internet.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 195-200 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Examines current and planned practices and the major benefits of communication-intensive information system applications. The Internet, once a government-controlled, tax-supported endeavor, is no longer restricted to noncommercial traffic. Contends that business use of the Internet has grown rapidly over the last several years, yet information technology managers still struggle to evaluate the contribution of this new technology in their organizations. Surveys were sent to a random selection of 500 companies to analyze current use and impact of the Internet in a business setting. Reports on the variety of expected values to be derived from use of the Internet indicated by respondents.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 201-207 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Considers that, in addition to all the positive attributes of the Internet, negatives are bound to emerge. Negative influences include the ability of children to access information that is not suitable for their age and the absence of laws or legal legislation to limit this access to the material. Laws are in existence prohibiting young people under the age of 18 years from accessing sexually explicit or sexually deviant materials. The problem with the Internet is the fact that there is no sanction limiting people from posting material of this kind. Warns that as an increasing number of children get online, solutions to these controversial issues must be discussed openly.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 208-216 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Knowledge of the Internet Protocol (IP) address is essential for connection establishment in certain classes of synchronous distributed applications, such as Internet telephony and video-conferencing systems. A problem of dynamic IP addressing arises when the connection to the Internet is through an Internet service provider, since the IP address is dynamically allocated only at connection time. Proposes and draws a contrast between a number of generic methods that can be classified as online and offline methods for the resolution of dynamic IP addressing. Online methods, which include the World Wide Web, exchange server and the dynamic Domain Name System, are only effective when both the caller and recipient are logged on to the Internet. On the other hand, offline methods, which include electronic mailing and directory service look-up, provide an additional means to allow the caller to leave messages when the recipient is not logged on to the Internet. Of these methods, the dynamic Domain Name System and directory service look-up appear to be the best for resolving dynamic IP addressing.
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    Internet research 7 (1997), S. 246-251 
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    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Discusses some of the limitations of virtual reality (VR) with reference to socio-technical systems - the interaction of people with technology. Argues that VR has potential applications but that these applications may prove to be more limited than some proponents would suggest. Points to a significant opportunity for VR technology to be used in strategic partnership marketing and supply chain management.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 7-17 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: An enormous volume of literature has evolved which promisesremedies for any organization's new product development woes.Unfortunately, new product development is an inherently uncertain andcomplex process which is generally not amenable to standardizedsolutions. Based on extensive consulting experience, addresses threecommonly held misconceptions regarding the new product developmentprocess. Provides examples to illustrate each of the misconceptions andpresents the lesson to be learned from each. Finally, discussesrecommendations for management.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 26-32 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses and contrasts the theories of double jeopardy and brandequity. A model of attitudes, habit, brand loyalty and brand equityoutcomes is proposed in order to reconcile the two theories. Results ofa study designed to test the model are presented. Results indicatesupport for both theories of brand equity and double jeopardy since bothdirect and indirect relationships were found between attitudes/habit andbrand equity outcomes. The indirect relationships were mediated by theconcept of brand loyalty. Implications for managers are discussed.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 18-25 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Looks in depth at the development of the marketing mix using the 4Ps - product, price, promotion and place, to meet target needs.Also investigates courses offered and required in marketing, anddiscusses the most appropriate ones for the students involved.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 33-55 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most recent work in the area of new product development has been ofa theoretically prescriptive basis, ignoring, to a large degree, thecurrent state of affairs in US corporations. The study examines, on acomparative basis, consumer and business products organizations,practices being utilized to guide the development process and keyfactors influencing the success/failure of the process. Results from anempirical study reveal that: (1) there is no one best means to structurethe process; (2) top management commitment to and support of the processis a critical factor; (3) knowledge of markets and customers remainselusive; and (4) more similarities than differences exist between thepractices undertaken by and the factors influencing success/failure inconsumer versus business products organizations.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 7-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The effectiveness of marketing activities in firms with productmanagement is, in part, determined by the extent to which theorganizational structure is aligned with the uncertainties in themarketplace. Investigates the relationship between various dimensions offirm's marketing organizational structure (i.e. centralization,formalization and structural differentiation) and the degree to whichthe product manager confronts environmental uncertainty. Claims theempirical results indicate that the organizational structure whichapplies to the product manager is related to uncertainty in the marketenvironment of the firm and that product managers' authority is notmatched to the degree of uncertainty in the environment. Discusses theimplications of these results in terms of the product manager'sperformance in varying organizational structures.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 19-26 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The introduction of the original Mazda 323 five-door into the SouthAfrican market in 1977 launched the brand from virtual obscurity toinstant success. The 323 became the top selling derivative in thecountry and the brand became a household name. However, during the 1980sthe brand's equity steadily eroded and it was perceived to be a staid,boring marque with a poor image. Describes how the brand wassuccessfully revitalized in the early 1990s. Draws a distinction betweenrevitalization and the successful "renaissance" advertisingstrategy. Reviews the outcome of the renaissance campaign, ini additionto Mazda's current performance, concluding that the brand has beensuccessfully revived - to the point that Mazda's market share inSouth Africa is the highest achieved by the brand anywhere in the world.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 56-63 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Business faces formidable challenges in the 1990s. With thesechallenges will come greater requirements for relevant marketinformation, quality offerings, increased productivity, leadership, andconsumer orientation. As new technology and computers are designed tohelp meet the ever-increasing information needs of society, personal,professional, and industrial consumers will search for better ways toidentify the computers and related high-tech products which will enablethem to meet their individual and organizational needs. In this search,consumers will look for traditional brand name recognition of newproducts, user friendliness, functionability, and product positioningthat meets their individual expectations. Examines the emergence ofbrands in the marketing of computers and related high-tech products soas to explore the trends of developments in this vital area.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 27-37 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reviews how the DuPont Lycra division is focussing more on globalbrand management starting with the development of a new worldwideadvertising campaign for Lycra in women's apparel. Describes how aninternational team selected the winning advertising theme and agency viateleconferencing. Discusses results of a uniform worldwide consumeradvertising campaign and the cost savings as a result of the reductionin the number of advertising agencies. Presents the backgroundinformation on how DuPont Fibers Department has used product, category,and brand management and discusses the future implications.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 49-60 
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    Notes: There has been overwhelming discussion about the death of theproduct management system. Focusses on how the product management systemis changing, and how firms can best anticipate and manage this change.Claims organizational change is inevitable and that marketingorganizations must anticipate and prepare for it. Concludes that productmanagement is not dead - merely evolving and at a rapid pace, andthat punctuated equilibrium provides a useful model for productmanagement for the next "equilibrium" period.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 38-48 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Private label brands may be in danger as a result of recent changesin the marketing strategies used by private label firms. The primarycompetitive advantage of private label brands, good quality at lowprices, may be lost if private label firms continue to modify and expandhow their brands are marketed. Specifically, changes in private labelbrands' advertising, packaging, sales promotion, and product improvementstrategies indicate that private label brands are moving closer thanever to manufacturer brand status. To the extent that these changesresult in higher average retail prices and/or lower gross margins forretailers, the advantages of private brands to both consumers anddistributors will diminish, illustrating that the historical"wheel of retailing" hypothesis may be applicable to privatelabel brands. Investigates the aforementioned trends and providessuggestions for manufacturers and retailers for future brand managementstrategies.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 15-22 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Profiles heavy buyers of store brand products and compares themwith light buyers in terms of demographics, socio-economic, andattitudinal variables. The results suggest that younger, unmarried, andsmaller sized households tend to avoid store brands. As compared withheavy buyers, light buyers of store brands are less familiar with themand perceive them to be of lower quality, less value for money and asriskier choices.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 6-14 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Social values represent desired end states of being or desirablebehaviors such as self-respect, warm relations with others, orexcitement. These abstract social cognitions help shape productattitudes and through them guide overt behavior. Empirical research hassupported this theoretical structure of values-attitudes-behavior, butonly for a relatively few high involvement products. A sample of 323adult women shoppers rated the importance of the nine social values fromthe list of values; reported their attitudes toward snack foods,convenience foods, and cooking; and described purchase frequencies for avariety of foods. The shoppers' food attitudes were consistentlyassociated with self-reported food purchases. Moreover, ratings ofseveral values were associated with attitudes toward snack foods and useof convenience foods, suggesting that social values may influence buyerbehavior for low as well as high involvement products. The findings haveimplications for food marketers who want to promote their products moreeffectively, consumer theorists who want to understand the impact ofvalues on consumer behavior, and public makers who would like toinfluence food expenditures by consumers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 23-34 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In an increasingly competitive marketplace, greater emphasis isbeing placed on brand image development as the basis for consumerdiscrimination. Advertising has a central role to play in developingbrand image, whether at the corporate, retail or product level. Itinforms consumers of the functional capabilities of the brand whilesimultaneously imbuing the brand with symbolic values and meaningsrelevant to the consumer. These two functions of advertising closelyparallel the informational and transformational schools of advertisingeffects and theories on the central and peripheral routes to consumerpersuasion. Such dichotomous approaches to explanation are unlikely torepresent the reality of consumer choice in that brand image is likelyto be formed by the simultaneous absorption of advertising messagesbased on both the functional and expressive capabilities of brands.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 35-47 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most existing product innovation-decision models view decisionmaking from a very cognitive perspective in that they presume thatdecision to adopt a new product is preceded by steps that parallelproduct information procurement and evaluation. Argues that such anapproach is unnecessarily limiting given that a substantial proportionof individuals do not base their decisions on attribute processing, evenfor relatively complex products. Critically evaluates two of the mostwidely cited adoption models and based on this analysis proposes a moreholistic model that incorporates real world decision factors, andpresents its managerial implications.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 5-13 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Organizational conflict mediates management and innovator interestin commercializing technology. Issues (or circumstances) resulting fromconflicting goals should be considered by companies in developingpolicies toward laboratory-generated technology. These issues includewhere the technology was developed, relationship with the laboratory'sactivity, "deliberateness" of the discovery, protectability,exclusive rights, processes versus products, maturation necessary, andcost to commercialization. Companies must weigh these issues in decidingto work with laboratories on innovations or continued commercialdevelopment.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 48-55 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Branding is an effective marketing strategy tool that has been usedwith frequent success in the past. Today, branding is experiencing a newpopularity resulting from new, innovative applications. Although therehave been instances where branding has been less than successful,marketers are beginning to find the appropriate applications in a givensetting. Issues and problems concerning branding strategy today includethe selection of a brand name. This fundamental issue will impact on thesuccess of a branding strategy. Once a name is selected, marketers haveto choose the advertising strategy to support and communicate the name.Finally, keeping the brand in a strong position is a critical concern.New areas of branding include corporate, industrial, and servicebranding. These nontraditional branding environments are becoming thefuture for marketers using branding strategy. To add to the new brandingareas, there are new branding techniques. These techniques include brandextensions and ingredient branding. New strategies, techniques, andarenas for branding have to be managed. The organization must supportand identify with the strategy. The goals, objectives, and mission ofany organization should be in line with the branding strategy employed.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 14-20 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Points out that since consumers are seldom familiar with all thecompeting brands or the attributes of these brands, brand uncertaintyexists in every market. Presents theoretical and empirical evidence fromseveral disciplines to demonstrate that brand uncertainty affects brandattitudes and preferences, and consequently affects brand performance.Demonstrates the importance of actively managing brand uncertainty.Identifies and discusses marketing tools that can be used to reducebrand uncertainty at different stages in the consumer decision process.Discusses how managers can modify these tools to deal withhigh-involvement versus low-involvement products, how these tools shouldbe scheduled for maximum impact, and the amount of control managers haveover each tool.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 21-33 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study examines how brand- and country-related intangibleassets influence the market shares of brands and their marketingeffectiveness (particularly price effectiveness). Using the case of thesmall car segment, seems to provide some interesting implications forbrand management in global markets where the intangible assetsassociated with brand and country names are important. Found that acountry name (e.g. Japanese name) produces positive value to brandsoriginating from particular countries. Documents that long-termpopularity positively influences brands' short-term market shares andmarketing effectiveness. Also discovers that a brand can generatepositive brand-specific assets, i.e. brand popularity, without apositive country name equity. Discusses managerial implications andrecommendations, within the context of global competition.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 34-48 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Discusses the link between AIDS and marketing for companies, andthe effect this has had on conventional and unconventional products.Defines three levels of marketing "unmentionables": taste,ethical and legal. Owing to the subject-matter, language and images usedin anti-AIDS campaigns, marketing has new freedom and can use its powerto shock the public. Concludes that, although some topics which werepreviously unmentionable are now acceptable, society continues toproduce new taboos.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 49-64 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Due to increasing global competition, the issue ofcountry-of-origin has received a great deal of attention recently.Examines country-of-origin image stereotyping by businesspeople in theGulf States of the Middle East. Assesses the attitude of businesspeopletoward various products of seven countries: the USA, Japan, Germany,England, France, Italy and Taiwan, that are the most active in the GulfStates. To develop effective global marketing strategies, firms requiredecisionmaking support in the form of information about the perceptionof their products in the international markets. The study found thatcountry-of-origin stereotyping is present in the Gulf States market. Thestudy provided evidence that "Made in the USA, Japan, andGermany" clearly emerged as most favoured countries of origin. Inaddition, the image of English products trailed behind products fromother European countries except Italy. Profile differences were analyzedstatistically. Age, education, sex, and income level were variouslyrelated to consumers' attitudes to products made in different countries.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 4 (1995), S. 65-68 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Reports on a preliminary study which examined the impact ofmembership fees on consumer attitude and choice. Consumers participatedin a computerized simulated shopping experiment in which repetitivechoices were made from a set of videotape rental stores. Paying amembership fee had a short-term impact on attitudes and choice. It issuggested that it is often a wise practice for retailers to buildmembership fees (even very small ones) into their pricing structure.Paying such a fee appears to make consumers resistant to the offers ofcompetitors in the short run and may provide some insulation fromcompetitive attacks.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 6-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: States that the ongoing success of a mature product depends largely on the product manager's ability to identify creative new ways to market the product. Suggests that one reason why many marketing programs lack creative initiatives is that product managers operate under significant time pressure, and time pressure kills creativity. Highlights four business practices (formal planning process, use of teams, interaction with other functional areas, experience with the product category) which were expected to help product managers to cope with time pressure. Finds, however, through a survey of consumer goods product managers, that only experience with the product category worked as expected. Concludes, therefore, that top management must directly reduce time pressure by examining policies on practices such as frequent product reassignment and downsizing, and the proliferation of line extensions.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 19-28 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Points out that, although blind tests have generally revealed that consumers can detect little difference between store brand and national brand products, private brands still only have a small market share (14.9 percent). Using an environmental psychology model as the study framework, which postulates a stimulus-response process, examines the effects of store atmosphere on consumer evaluations of private brand grocery products. Analyzes the results which show that store aesthetics do influence consumer perceptions of store brand quality. Discusses the managerial implications of the findings and the limitations of the study, and makes suggestions for future research.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 40-55 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Contends that adapting consumer products to foreign market tastes is one of the more difficult challenges facing international marketers; the stakes are high, with even minor cultural mistakes resulting in lost sales and corporate embarrassment. Chronicles how one company in the global greeting card industry developed its international marketing strategy. Uses a Delphi panel of company managers to identify key factors in the product adaptation process. Draws on corporate expertise to pinpoint key similarities and differences between the US home market and prospective foreign markets. Concludes that where there were major similarities, prospects were deemed good for global standardized strategies. Where there was great diversity among key indicators, a multinational country-by-country approach was followed.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 29-39 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Provides a new way to look at competitive brand strategy through analysis of switching, where the only data required are market-level brand-switching matrices. The parameters indicate, for each brand, the degree to which it insulates itself from competition. Shows empirically that this insulation is characteristic of both market leaders and market nichers. Compares results across eight data sets which range from consumer packaged goods to services to durables. Suggests that, by applying this method to panel or survey data, managers can better map out long-term marketing strategies such as product design, segment targeting and advertising campaigns, and gives some examples of how this can be carried out.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 6-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Asks which product qualities are decisive for the satisfaction of the customer and which features merely prevent dissatisfaction. Proposes Kano's model of customer satisfaction for answering these questions and for drawing conclusions for the management of product development. In his model, Kano distinguishes between three types of product requirement which influence customer satisfaction in different ways when met: must-be requirements, which are basic criteria of a product - if these requirements are not fulfilled, the customer will be extremely dissatisfied; one-dimensional requirements, where customer satisfaction is proportional to the level of fulfillment, the higher the customer's satisfaction and vice versa; and attractive requirements, which are the product criteria which have the greatest influence on how satisfied a customer will be with a given product. Attractive requirements are neither explicitly expressed nor expected by the customer.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 19-28 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Using a sample of 872 shoppers and data for 14 products, tests the degree to which extrinsic cue reliance differs between "store brand" versus "non-store brand" prone consumers. Results indicate that store brand prone consumers exhibit significantly less reliance on extrinsic cues in quality assessment. Reliance on brand name had an especially strong effect in forming taste expectations. Price reliance had a marked effect in determining perceptions of quality and reliability of ingredients. Discusses the implications for management.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 29-42 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Despite the long term decline in per capita consumption, eggs remain an important staple in the British diet. Having recovered from the salmonella scare in 1989, the image of eggs has suffered in recent years due to the growing awareness of (and concern over) diet and health, and bird welfare. Finds evidence drawn from a consumer market research study which highlights the importance of effective marketing communication and the potential for adding value to the basic British egg.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 43-54 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Claims that, as an addition to the product manager's set of tools, performance-importance analysis can provide insight into customer perceptions. Managers can use a combination of performance perceptions along with importance ratings to understand the relative success of product features. Plots importances for product features of an analytical instrument against the product's pre-introduction expectations and post-product-test satisfactions. Considers product design issues as well as positioning strategy. Changes in evaluations ("expectations" to "satisfactions") as well as competitive positioning demonstrated the flexibility of the method.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 5 (1996), S. 55-67 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the mature stage of product and technology life cycles, major breakthroughs in performance are difficult to achieve. However, a series of small incremental improvements may cumulatively make a significant difference. At this stage, execution of the best organizational practices becomes even more important. Uses team New Zealand's extremely successful 1995 America's Cup program to illustrate how these practices and success factors can be brought together in an effective high technology product design process. Identifies these factors and practices as high quality human assets, participatory leadership, sufficient resources, a climate of innovation, external scanning, interactive involvement with sophisticated users, and technology strategy and competitive strategy match.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 305-318 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This research investigates (1) the share of new product development (NPD) research services in market research (MR) companies' turnover, (2) MR companies' awareness and use of NPD tools and the modifications made to these NPD tools, and (3) MR company managers' perceptions of the influence of client use of commissioned NPD research on client NPD performance. The results from a sample of 35 Dutch and Belgium MR companies show that NPD research is a major growth area. MR companies mainly use qualitative research and focus on marketing-mix and product optimization services. A moderate awareness and use of NPD tools exists, although major differences between tools exist. In over 75 percent of all cases MR companies have adjusted the NPD tools they use. Especially customization and standardization of the tools have taken place. Analyzing the relationship between the level of use of commissioned NPD research and client NPD performance, no significant main effect is found. However, a positive effect exists between the use of MR companies' services and NPD performance for firms that specifically aim to solve NPD problems and/or increase their NPD success.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 342-353 
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    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Type of article Theoretical with worked example
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 336-341 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: In the affluent 1960s and 1970s, consumers tended to be price insensitive. Business consequently placed a low priority on pricing, and marketing educators in the USA responded by stressing the non-price elements of the marketing mix. As a result, when consumers became more price sensitive in the 1980s and 1990s, and business became more concerned about pricing, marketing was not involved. Now, however, marketing educators are beginning to respond to the renewed emphasis on price as a key component in consumers' perceived value. A new study shows an increase from 4 to 13 percent of US marketing education programs now including a course in pricing; another 22 percent are interested in adding one within two years.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 366-378 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The focus of this paper is two-fold. First, it examines the growth strategies adopted by fashion design houses to transform and reposition their businesses from relatively small, niche-market and privately-owned companies to stock market listed conglomerates which produce fashion and lifestyle products aimed at a lucrative and international middle retailing market. The second is to consider the geographical implications of these strategies as illustrated through an examination of their locational impact on London and New York. The findings of this research suggest that both cities have experienced unprecedented and parallel patterns of development, apparently as a result of the aggressive expansion activities of fashion designer companies. As such, the paper highlights the impact of internationalisation and strategic growth at the micro environmental level.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 400-409 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The use of celebrity endorsers in advertising is wide-spread - as much as 20 percent of all advertising use some type of celebrity endorser. Marketers invest significant dollars in securing the promotional support of well-known individuals. Associative learning principles are presented as a useful framework for understanding how celebrity endorsers can be used more effectively. Principles such as repetition, overshadowing, blocking, belongingness, CS pre-exposure, association set size, and extinction are introduced and linked to specific managerial suggestions for improving the use of celebrity endorsers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 379-399 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Many firms, wine producers among them, have successfully communicated the quality of their products to the market by emphasizing the geographic origin, or location of production of critical ingredient(s) found in the product. The purpose of this article is to: introduce the concept of a "place-based" marketing strategy, i.e. a marketing strategy that identifies a consumer product with a specific geographic area; explain why it is essential to the wine business; and, why it may be superior to other types of marketing strategies for certain types of agricultural products. Additionally, traditional valuation techniques applied to agricultural land typically assume that agricultural goods are undifferentiable commodities. With the growing trend toward the production of "place-based" agricultural products, the traditional valuation methods omit an important variable - the potential for the geographical source to help develop a product's brand equity. This paper also discusses land valuation techniques and applies the concept of products of place to the trend among Californian wine growers to produce wines with vineyard designations.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 410-420 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Sales promotions are probably the least understood and least analyzed of all the promotional tools, yet they are among the most costly and most frequently used. Today's top managers are relentlessly searching for new areas in which to cut costs and increase profits, so sales promotion are coming under greater scrutiny than ever. In order to justify and skillfully use expenditures on sales promotions for different objectives and target markets, marketing managers must understand some key concepts and thoroughly examine several critical variables across markets and among sales promotion tools themselves that impact directly on sales, profitability, and value added.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 421-432 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This study used choice modelling to estimate the effect of odd pricing on the demand for three products: a $4 can of fly spray, a $7 block of cheese, and a $50 electric kettle, with each product represented by three different brands. For cheese and fly spray a significant odd-price effect was observed at 99 cents but not at 95 cents, whereas for the electric kettles a significant odd-price effect occurred at 95 cents but not at 99 cents. The estimated value of the odd-pricing effect ranged from 4 cents for fly spray, to 6 cents for cheese, to $3.18 for the kettles. The results of the study provide empirical support for the assumption that odd pricing generates greater-than-expected demand, at least at the individual brand level, and for the common practice of setting retail prices that end in 95 cents or 99 cents.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 433-440 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Multinational companies marketing their undifferentiated products to different countries unintentionally may create a problem for themselves. A low price in one country may encourage an enterprise to transship the products to another country with higher price, creating a new channel of parallel imports that competes with the authorized channels there. By setting prices reflecting differences in willingness to pay in the different countries, multinational firms are "setting" prices for their products in separable channels. In light of this problem of parallel import channels competing with the authorized channels, multinationals need to carefully establish their pricing strategies for the global marketplace.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 465-480 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Over the last 30 years a range of empirical generalisations has been developed about the performance of competitive brands in frequently purchased product categories. These generalisations have been based mainly on European and US data, and this paper addresses the question of whether they also hold in Australia and New Zealand. We examined consumer panel data from four different markets (supermarkets, department stores and retail fuel in Australia and retail fuel in New Zealand) and found similar patterns to those in Europe and the USA, although there were some minor exceptions, and also some interesting variations between markets. Our results suggest that there is much that Australasian marketers can learn from using models such as the Dirichlet, which was developed in the Northern hemisphere, to identify norms and exceptions in their own markets.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 481-494 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The equilibrium structure of packaged goods markets in Japan resembles that in Western economies: brands compete against each other in largely unsegmented markets, with the extent of consumers' brand-switching and divided loyalties between brands largely predictable from the differing market-shares of brands. Presented is an analysis of brand loyalty for packaged goods in Japan and comparisons are drawn with brand loyalty in Western industrialized countries such as the UK and USA. The effects of brand-specific differentiation are embodied principally in the size distribution of brands.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 497-508 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
    Source: Emerald Fulltext Archive Database 1994-2005
    Topics: Economics
    Notes: A replication of Boush's exploratory study provides further evidence about how advertising slogans prime evaluations of brand extensions. Two hypotheses are investigated. First, that a brand extension will be rated as more similar to existing family-branded products if the advertising slogan primes attributes that the brand extension shares with existing products than if the slogan primes attributes that the brand extension does not share with the existing family-branded products. Second, given a positively evaluated brand, a brand extension will be evaluated more positively if the advertising slogan primes features that the extension shares with existing family-branded products than if the slogan primes attributes that the brand extension does not share with existing family-branded products. The research shows priming can play an important role in supporting or undermining a brand extension strategy by drawing attention to attributes either that a new product has in common with existing products or that conflict with existing products.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 509-518 
    ISSN: 1061-0421
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: This paper reports a replication of Broniarczyk and Alba's study of the influence of brand-specific associations on brand extensions. The results broadly support the original study showing brand-specific associations ( i.e. attributes which differentiate a brand from the competition)can dominate the effects of the parent brand to the point where they reverse extension evaluations. Thus the study provides further evidence to challenge the commonly held assumption that the effect associated with the original brand name and product category is automatically transferred to the brand extension.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 519-536 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: When managers launch a new product line into a category already served, they must decide whether to launch this as a line extension or as a second brand. This research seeks to identify how this decision is influenced by the position of the original product and the options available for positioning the new product. A model of the influences on brand and line extension success is developed and used to formulate a series of competing hypotheses about the factors that influence the decisions of managers. These hypotheses are tested using survey data from producers in the Australian wine industry. The results suggest managers seek to exploit the benefits available from the transfer of attributes to the new line, and minimise the risk of cannibalisation.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 539-556 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Corporate managers often invest in sponsorship as a means of associating a firm, its name or its brands, with a particular sport or event. The strength of that association should therefore be a measure of sponsorship success. In this study, four consecutive years of data collected at the Australian Formula One Grand Prix were used to examine the issue, based on brand recall/association and memory decay as a surrogate indicator of the strength of association. From the literature, several factors were hypothesised to influence positively the strength of brand association and three out of four were confirmed as determinants of this performance indicator. The implications of these findings are considered in the light of sponsorship management practices.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 568-573 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Review of books recently published on the topics of the brand concept and consumer behaviour. The review directly refers to the value of the books for marketing students. Highlights three US texts that have been specifically adapted to the Australian market. Asserts that the most extensively discussed brand-related topic is brand loyalty, but the quality of the discussion varies across the texts. Criticises certain practices, such as the tendency to use terms "brand" and "product" interchangeably and the oversimplication of the brand concept.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 7 (1998), S. 557-567 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The promotional planning process is seen as being responsible for many of the problems associated with the increase in sales promotions. Planning, implementation and evaluation processes are influenced by the potentially conflicting goals of senior management and brand/product managers, a failure to integrate media plans and trade plans, and the prevalence of subjective and ad hoc decision making. All these factors are observed among large fast-moving goods companies in New Zealand. Demonstrates that the promotional planning process is an important driver of how much use is made of sales promotions. A promotional planning matrix is offered as an analytical tool to allow managers to understand the impact of budget allocations and to help overcome planning problems that were identified in the study.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 7-18 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Describes the results of a survey of 281 adult women in the state of Florida. We used the 15 adjective pairs of the Malhotra self-concept scale to measure their self-image. A valid and reliable self-report scale measured their fashion innovativeness, thus identifying those consumers most likely to buy new fashions after they first appear in the market. T-tests compared the mean scores on the self-image adjective pairs between 30 innovators and 251 later adopters. Pearson correlation analysis was also performed. The results of both analyses showed that the fashion innovators described themselves uniquely as more comfortable, pleasant, contemporary, formal, colorful, and vain than the later adopters. The results were quite consistent with an earlier published study of college students, lending confidence to this approach to profiling fashion innovators and suggesting that using self-image could be a fruitful way to appeal to these important consumers.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 19-37 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Focuses on how brand managers in fast-moving consumer goods industries view their contacts with the various interfaces, allocate their working time and perceive the significance and quality of these contacts. Based on the product management literature, several hypotheses are proposed and empirically examined using data collected from a sample of 161 product managers, working for 48 companies in five different sectors in Greece. The results show that brand managers working in various sectors differ in the perception of their contacts with the various interfaces.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 38-50 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: The processes of consumer perception and decision making remain relatively complex phenomena despite the depth of research undertaken in the area. One way in which these processes may be influenced is through the explicit mentioning of product attributes in advertising. This study investigates consumer perceptions of mentioned product attributes in magazine advertising for a specific product category. Results confirm a clear relationship between attributes specifically mentioned in advertising for the three selected brands and respondents' rating of those attributes against evaluative criteria for the product category. Factor analyses of respondents' ratings indicate a clear convergence of factors extracted and the mentioned attributes for each brand.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 50-60 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: At an early stage in the new product development process, marketers often evaluate several concept statements in terms of customer preferences to choose the best concept for further development. Purchase intention scale is often used to measure consumer preferences at this stage when the product is still a concept statement or a mathematical position on a perceptual map. This paper discusses the limitations of two methods of aggregating individual preferences, namely plurality (first-choice) and the Condorcet (pair-wise majority) methods. The plurality method is subject to the top-box paradox while the Condorcet method suffers from the paradox of voting. The Copeland method is presented as an alternative to the Condorcet method when the latter fails to identify the majority's choice. Some limitations of predicting product trial are also presented.
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    The @journal of product & brand management 8 (1999), S. 61-72 
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    Topics: Economics
    Notes: Most airlines utilize a revenue maximizing technique called yield management (YM), which allows the airlines to allocate their fixed capacity of seats to various fare categories in the most profitable manner possible. The discriminatory pricing goal is to sell only non-discounted seats to the business travel segment. Suggests that yield management techniques may also be appropriate in certain retail settings where capacity (i.e. product inventory) is not necessarily "perishable" in the same sense as unsold seats on an airline flight however, its value may decline with the culmination of a well-defined shopping period (e.g. the "Christmas holiday" shopping period). Examines how knowledge of customer price sensitivity as it pertains to this shopping period, coupled with the appropriate use of discount pricing, can maximize the revenue gained from sales of a seasonal product associated with a specific holiday.
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