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  • Articles  (3)
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  • Zimbabwe  (3)
  • Springer  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • American Physical Society
  • Cambridge University Press
  • 1995-1999  (3)
  • 1945-1949
  • Ethnic Sciences  (3)
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  • Articles  (3)
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  • Springer  (3)
  • American Geophysical Union
  • American Physical Society
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Outcomes of a community controlled wildlife utilization program in a Zambezi Valley community (1996)
    Springer
    Human ecology 24 (1996), S. 65-85 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: CAMPFIRE ; Zimbabwe ; sustainable development ; wildlife management ; biodiversity ; wildlife utilization
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Zimbabwe is devolving substantial wildlife management responsibility to local government, and ultimately to local communities, through its Communal Areas Management Program for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) program. This paper's purpose is to explore the notion that CAMPFIRE offers a useful model for sustainable development discussions by examining the program's impacts in one case study location. It presents a legislative history of the CAMPFIRE Program before specifying the spatial criteria that explain ideal CAMPFIRE sites. Thereafter, it reports results from a study of the development impacts of locally controlled wildlife management in Masoka, an isolated CAMPFIRE community in the Zambezi Valley. The village has developed a land use plan, fenced its fields and settlements, reduced wild animal attacks on people and crops, provided access to primary education for both boys and girls, created local employment, and provided money for household food purchases during a severe drought. In Masoka, the implementation of CAMPFIRE seems to successfully provide incentives to protect megafauna and their habitats. For Masoka, CAMPFIRE has provided an alternative model to statist solutions emphasizing centralized control for biodiversity conservation purposes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02167961
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consumption of wood by rural households in Gokwe Communal Area, Zimbabwe (1996)
    Springer
    Human ecology 24 (1996), S. 479-491 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: consumption of wood ; rural households ; fuel ; building ; Zimbabwe
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract The objectives of this paper are to quantify the annual household consumption of wood for different purposes and to investigate the types of wood used for each purpose. Households in part of Gokwe Communal Area, a rural Zimbabwean study area in which wood is considered plentiful, use a mean 4.8 tons per household per year (t hh −1 yr −1 ) of wood for fuel, comprising 4.0 t to meet day-to-day requirements and 0.8 t for special occasions and beer brewing. In addition, building and repairing wooden structures require 3.5 t hh −1 yr −1 The total annual consumption is at most 8.3 t hh −1 yr −1 depending on the amount of wood in wooden structures that is recycled into new structures or as firewood. Wide variation around the mean annual consumption is expected because of differences among households and errors associated with calculation. The different purposes to which wood is put require wood of different types. Firewood for day-to-day use consists of small dead pieces collected in headloads. For brewing and special occasions large logs are used. Poles and small branches are freshly cut for wooden structures, with poles of particular girths and lengths being used for different components of the structures. Species is also taken into account in the collection of wood for fuel and construction. Disaggregation of the yearly consumption by site and species is important to the assessment of supply and demand of wood.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02168863
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental NGOs, dispossession, and the state: The ideology and praxis of African nature and development (1995)
    Springer
    Human ecology 23 (1995), S. 199-215 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-9915
    Keywords: sustainable rural development ; Zimbabwe ; CAMPFIRE
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering , Ethnic Sciences
    Notes: Abstract Zimbabwe provides a significant context to examine the interplay of the new development rhetoric, the actions of powerful conservation organizations, donor policies, a relatively strong and stable government, and the empowerment of local communities. This interplay exists in diverse rural areas where the Communal Areas Management Program for Indigenous Resources (CAMPFIRE) is in various stages of experimentation and implementation. CAMPFIRE has been described as a philosophy of sustainable rural development that enables rural communities to manage, and benefit directly form indigenous wildlife. It is the best known of African efforts to permit African communities to re- assert their management of selected natural resources. The program has the official support of the Zimbabwean government. Nonetheless, there are many potential areas of serious conflict. Three case studies are utilized to explore how the challenges of repossession of critical environmental resources by marginalized communities in the changing context of state and NGO relationships where international tourism is a revenue generator for both the private sector and government.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01191649
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