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  • Mineralogy
  • American Geophysical Union  (6)
  • Springer  (6)
  • Alfred Wegener Institute for Polar and Marine Research & German Society of Polar Research
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • Institute of Physics
  • 1995-1999  (12)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
Collection
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Years
Year
  • 1
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Sediments ; Mineralogy ; Geochemistry ; Heavy metals ; Biogeochemistry
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract We have studied sediments of the Piscinas beach (SW Sardinia, Italy), which is supplied by two streams that wash mine dumps of abandoned lead and zinc mines at Montevecchio and Ingurtosu, situated inland from the supply basin of the beach itself. A study of the texture, mineralogy and geochemistry of the sediments was conducted for the purpose of assessing the possible influence of the mine waste on the composition of the sediments, looking for any anomalous enrichments in heavy metals. Furthermore, to evaluate and quantify metal release into the sea, samples of Posidonia oceanica, a bioaccumulator marine plant, were also examined. The results indicate that the distribution of heavy metals in the foreshore sediments is particularly affected by the contribution of the streams, while in the shoreface the distribution is affected by the currents that disperse the sediments both out to sea and southwards. The metal contents of the Posidonia oceanica are correlated with the different stages of activity of the mines.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 37 (1999), S. 243-254 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Mine drainage ; Sediments ; Mineralogy ; Treatment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Forty-three untreated and actively and passively (wetland) treated coal mine drainage sediments and five yellow-red pigments were characterized using X-ray fluorescence, fusion-inductively coupled plasma atomic emission spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction, and tristimulus colorimeter. Primary crystalline iron-bearing phases were goethite and lepidocrocite, and iron phases converted to hematite upon heating. Quartz was nearly ubiquitous except for synthetic pigments. Gypsum, bassinite, calcite, and ettringite were found in active treatment sediments. Iron concentrations from highest to lowest were synthetic pigment〉wetland sediment〉natural pigment〉active treatment (untreated sediments varied more widely), and manganese was highest in actively treated sediments. Loss on ignition was highest for passively treated sediments. No clear trends were observed between quantified color parameters (L*, a*, b*, and Redness Index) and chemical compositions. Because sediments from passive treatment are similar in chemistry, mineralogy, and color to natural pigments, the mine drainage sediments may be an untapped resource for pigment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (1999), S. 103-112 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Acid mine drainage ; Acid rock drainage ; Neutralization ; Acid-base accounting ; Mineralogy ; Tailings ; Waste rock
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Acid-base accounting tests, commonly used as a screening tool in acid mine drainage (AMD) predictions, have limitations in (1) measuring with confidence the amount of neutralizers present in samples and (2) affording an interpretation of what the test results mean in terms of predicting the occurrence of acid mine drainage. Aside from the analytical difficulties inherent to the conventional methods, a potential source of error in neutralization potential (NP) measurements is the contribution from the dissolution of non-carbonate minerals. Non-carbonate alkalinity measured during static tests may or may not be available to neutralize acidity produced in the field. In order to assess the value-added of extending the NP with the knowledge of mineralogical composition and evaluate potential sources of errors in NP measurements, a suite of samples were examined and characterized in terms of their mineralogical and chemical compositions. The results indicate that although the acid-base accounting tests work well for simple compositions, the tests may result in overestimation or underestimation of NP values for field samples. Mineralogical constraint diagrams relating NP determinations to Ca, Mg and CO2 concentrations were developed with the purpose to serve as supplementary guides to conventional static tests in identifying possible NP contributions from non-carbonate minerals and checking the quality of the chemical testing results. Mineralogical NP makes it possible to interpret the meaning of NP results and to assess the behaviour of samples over time by predicting the onset of AMD and calculating NP values for individual size fractions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Geologische Rundschau 87 (1998), S. 477-494 
    ISSN: 0016-7835
    Keywords: Key words Chile ; Modern continental margin sedimentation ; Marine sediments ; Clastic sediments ; Granulometry ; Mineralogy ; Clay mineralogy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The regional patterns of texture and composition of modern continental slope and pelagic sediments off Chile between 25°S and 43°S reflect the latitudinal segmentation of geological, morphological, and climatic features of the continental hinterland. Grain-size characteristics are controlled by the grain-size of source rocks, the weathering regime, and mode of sediment input (eolian off northern Chile vs fluvial further south). Bulk-mineral assemblages reveal a low grade of maturity. Regional variations are governed by the source-rock composition of the different geological terranes and the relative source-rock contribution of the Coastal Range and Andes, as controlled by the continental hydrology. The relative abundance of clay minerals is also predominantly influenced by the source-rock composition and partly by continental smectite neoformation. Latitudinal variations of illite crystallinities along the Chilean continental slope (and west of the Peru–Chile trench) clearly reflect modifications of the weathering regime which correspond to the strong climatic zonation of Chile.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Environmental geology 32 (1997), S. 100-106 
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Acid rock drainage ; Mineralogy ; Neutralization ; Norm calculations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The determination of neutralization potential (NP) of mining wastes is an essential part of waste characterization for acid rock drainage (ARD) prediction. Interpretation of NP values requires consideration of the mineralogical composition of the waste. Different minerals can neutralize acid drainage at different rates and in different pH ranges. The test conditions of widely used laboratory procedures to determine NP do not distinguish between such differences and overestimation of NP can often result. A simple procedure is proposed in which the effective NP is calculated based on mineralogical composition and the relative reactivities of component minerals. Mineralogical composition is calculated from easily determined analytical values using a CIPW normative procedure. Comparison of calculated NP values for 92 samples with experimentally determined values from tests designed to prevent the overestimation of NP indicates that the method is successful in predicting an effective NP value in most cases. The procedure is considered to be a cost-effective means of providing confident routine ARD prediction when used in combination with other tests and analyses.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Grain size distribution ; Mineralogy ; Bengal basin ; Bangladesh
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The Bengal basin, Bangladesh, represents one of the most densely populated recent floodplains of the world. The sediment flux through the basin is one of the highest on a global scale. A significant portion of this sediment load find its sink in the basin itself because of its lower elevation and frequent flooding. The textural, mineralogical and chemical nature of the sediments thus have an important bearing on the environmental quality of the basin as well as for the Bay of Bengal. The sediment load of the Ganges-Brahmaputra-Meghna (GBM) river system consists exclusively of fine sand, silt and clay at their lower reaches within the Bengal basin, Bangladesh, and is deposited under uniformly fluctuating, unidirectional energy conditions. The sediments have a close simitarity in grain size with the sediments of the surrounding floodplain. The mineral assemblage is dominated by quartz and feldspars. Illite and kaolinite are the major clay minerals, and occur in almost equal proportion in bed sediments. The heavy mineral assemblage is dominated by unstable minerals which are mostly derived from high-rank metamorphic rocks. The characteristic smaller grain-size, i.e. having large surface-to-mass ratios, and the mineralogy of sediments suggests that they are susceptible to large chemical adsorptive reactions and thus could serve as a potential trap for contaminants. However, the sediments of the GBM river system in the Bengal basin, Bangladesh, shows lower concentration of Pb, Hg and As, and a marginally higher value for Cd as compared to that of standard shale. Considering population density and extensive agricultural practice in the basin, the sediments can in the long run become contaminated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 37, pp. 64-97, (ISBN 3-540-24988-5)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Laboratory measurements ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article ; Mineralogy
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  • 8
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Professional Paper, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 14, no. 16, pp. 1-7, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Physical properties of rocks ; Mineralogy ; Review article
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  • 9
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 23-40, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Review article ; Seismology ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Volcanology ; Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earth rotation ; Geochemistry ; Nuclear explosion ; Source ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; GeodesyY ; Chaotic behaviour ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Rock mechanics ; remote ; sensing ; Mineralogy ; Geodesy ; Global Positioning System ; Very Long Baseline Interferometry ; Satellite Laser Ranging ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Planetology
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  • 10
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Mineral Physics & Crystallography - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 17, no. 16, pp. 303-331, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Mineralogy ; Physical properties of rocks ; Review article
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  • 11
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Rock Physics & Phase Relations - A Handbook of Physical Constants, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. 1, no. 4, pp. 127-147, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Rock mechanics ; Geochemistry ; Physical properties of rocks ; Mineralogy ; Review article
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  • 12
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    American Geophysical Union
    In:  U.S. National Report to International Union of Geodesy and Geophysics 1991 - 1994. Contributions in Dynamics of the Solid Earth and Other Planets, ed. by R. A. Pielke, Washington, D.C., American Geophysical Union, vol. C 560, 183 pp., no. 25, pp. 287-297, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1995
    Keywords: Seismology ; Source ; Mineralogy ; Hypocentral depth ; Review article
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