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  • Articles  (14)
  • taxonomy
  • Springer  (14)
  • 1975-1979  (14)
  • 1945-1949
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 377-389 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Pissodes strobi ; ecotype ; phytophagy ; speciation ; host selection ; feeding bioassay ; weevil ; dispersal ; chemoreception ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract In forced feeding bioassays,Pissodes strobi reared from eastern white pine, Engelmann spruce, or Sitka spruce failed to discriminate between these three host species. However, results of choice feeding bioassays suggest that eastern white pine is the ancestral host of the two westernP. strobi populations. Comparative feeding data obtained under conditions of choice support the hypothesis thatP. strobi has dispersed westward across the North American continent, adapting its host selection behavior in turn to Engelmann spruce and then Sitka spruce. WhereasP. strobi reared from eastern white pine preferred to feed on its natural host rather than on the two western spruces,P. strobi reared from Engelmann spruce did not discriminate between eastern white pine and its natural host, Engelmann spruce, but fed significantly more on these two hosts than on Sitka spruce.P. strobi reared from Sitka spruce, on the other hand, fed equally on all three native host species. Our data support the contention of Smith and Sugden (1969) that the two western weevils are eco types ofP. strobi. Comprehensive research on behavioral adaptations to new host species may allow the threeP. strobi populations to be distinguished as legitimate ethospecies.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 128 (1977), S. 123-136 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Chenopodiaceae ; Beta sect.Beta (=Vulgares) ; B. adanensis ; B. bourgaei ; B. macrocarpa. ; Morphological variation ; chromosome numbers ; distribution ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Among the morphological variation in wild annual populations of sect.Beta only tepal characters show a geographic pattern, and hence can be used to distinguish different taxa. Two morphological types correspond with taxa already described:B. macrocarpa (incl.B. bourgaei) has a Macaronesian and W. to E. Mediterranean andB. adanensis an E. Mediterranean distribution area. A third type in the Aegean region is not well known yet and possibly has to be included inB. macrocarpa. Both diploid and tetraploid (x = 9) cytotypes are found withinB. macrocarpa, the latter exclusively on the Canary Islands.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 129 (1978), S. 209-219 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Chlorophyceae ; Characiaceae ; Hydrianum ; Zoospore reproduction ; life cycle ; taxonomy ; epiphytism
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The little known epiphytic algaHydrianum viride was studied and pictured. The morphology and the variability of the vegetative cells are described in detail and compared with the observations of other authors. For the first time typical biflagellate zoospores of the chlorophycean-type have been recognized and the course of the asexual reproduction is studied. The residual protoplasm, that is the proximal half of the zoosporangium protoplast, growth up to the original size, typical for the genusHydrianum. The life cycle, especially the settling down of the zoospores, is described.Hydrianum viride belongs to the characteristic inhabitants of peaty waters; it belongs together with the host alga,Microspora loefgrenii, to the dominants of algal association of peat-springs. At last the taxonomic position and the synonyma of this organism are discussed.
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 130 (1978), S. 157-160 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Hamamelidaceae ; Rhodoleia ; Leaf morphology ; stipules ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Rhodoleia has long been believed to be the only member of theHamamelidales lacking stipules, and its systematic position has been doubtful. The present investigation shows, in contrast, thatRhodoleia championi Hook. f. produces conspicuous stipules which are, however, restricted to a few leaves of the transition region between bud scales and foliage leaves. In the foliage leaves stipules are apparently reduced, except sometimes in the outermost leaf. The presence of stipules and other correspondences clearly shows thatRhodoleia belongs to theHamamelidaceae.
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  • 5
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Onagraceae ; Oenothera sect.Oenothera subsect.Raimannia, subsect.Euoenothera, subsect.Munzia, subsect.Emersonia ; Chromosomal analysis ; plastid analysis ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Based on an analysis of results from experimental hybridization, the plants assigned byMunz toOenothera subg.Oenothera and subg.Raimannia, now divided into approximately 76 species, are referred to a single section,Oenothera. This section is in turn divided into five subsections:Euoenothera, Munzia, Raimannia, Emersonia, and an undescribed group of three species related toOenothera pubescens. Euoenothera is maintained in the traditional sense, and includes about 14 species of North America, widely naturalized elsewhere.Munzia consists of 45 species, comprising three series, and native to South America.Raimannia is restricted to a group of approximately 11 North American species.Emersonia comprises four rather heterogenous species of northern Mexico and southern New Mexico, of whichOenothera macrosceles, O. maysillesii, andO. organensis have been described. Within these four subsections, interspecific hybrids can be made in general, although plastid differentiation often leads to incompatibilities. With varying degrees of difficulty, hybrids were produced in all intersectional combinations involvingEuoenothera, Emersonia, Munzia, andRaimannia, the most difficult being those betweenEmersonia andRaimannia. Based on their habit and distribution,Emersonia species, and especiallyOenothera maysillesii, appear to resemble most closely the common ancestor of the section,Euoenothera andMunzia to have been derived from it or its common ancestor, andRaimannia perhaps to be more closely related to the phylogenetic branch that leads toEuoenothera.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 133 (1979), S. 87-94 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Fabaceae ; Trigonella ; T. foenum-graecum ; T. berythaea ; T. macrorrhyncha ; T. gladiata ; Seed protein electrophoresis ; taxonomy ; cultivated plants
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The seed proteins ofTrigonella foenum-graecum, T. berythaea, T. macrorrhyncha andT. gladiata were fractionated on polyacrylamide gels in anodic and cathodic systems. Similarity indices between the profiles of any two species indicated close affinity betweenT. gladiata andT. macrorrhyncha and betweenT. foenum-graecum andT. berythaea. It has been pointed out that according to morphological resemblance and similarity index of the seed protein profileT. berythaea is closer to the cultigen than any other species of sectionFoenum-graecum, but these two species are strongly isolated from one another by the albino seedlings of their F1 hybrids.
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 123 (1975), S. 263-281 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Algae ; Cyanophyceae Geitleribactron ; Ultrastructure ; reproduction ; periphyton ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract In the littoral of the lakes Titisee (FRG) and Neusiedler See (Austria) and in a backwater near Stockerau (Austria) two periphytic unicellular blue-green algae with rod-like cells have been found. They were formerly thought to be members of the exosporine generaChamaesiphon orCyanophanon. Now the alga from Titisee was studied in culture, particularly with reference to cell division, reproduction and ultrastructural cytology. Similarities with the genusSynechococcus are evident, but there is a small mucilaginous disc at the basis of the cells. Because of differences between this and all other known genera of unicellular blue-green algae, a new genus,Geitleribactron, with two species,G. periphyticum (= type species) andG. subaequale, is described.
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Plant systematics and evolution 125 (1976), S. 125-128 
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: (Bio)systematics ; genealogy ; phylogenetics ; taxonomy ; hierarchy ; categories ; sib and taxon
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The only concrete basis for the discontinuous and hierarchical organization of extant organisms lies in their genealogical (i. e. germ line) relationships. Individuals and populations of common descent are called “sib” or “stirps”. Ideally, systematic classification is based on the formulas: (1) sib + taxonomic category + name = taxon, and (2) divergent genealogy of sibs + hierarchy of taxonomic categories + names = taxonomic system (Fig. 1).
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  • 9
    ISSN: 1615-6110
    Keywords: Chlorophyceae ; Chlorosarcinopsis ; C. pseudominor ; C. gelatinosa ; C. auxotrophica ; C. minor ; C. dissociata ; Comparative ultrastructure ; zoospores ; flagellar root system ; function ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The ultrastructure of biflagellate zoospores in seven species of the green algaChlorosarcinopsis (Chlorosarcinales) was studied, particularly the cruciate flagellar root system, and a comparative approach was attempted. The seven species constitute four groups on the basis of pyrenoid ultrastructure, presence or absence of a cell envelope covering zoospores, and details of the flagellar root system. Variable structures include root tubule number (4-2-4-2 or 5-2-5-2), association of electron dense material with root tubules and root tubule configurations. Otherwise the root system is similar in all species. Zoospores which lack a cell envelope (three species) show characteristic reorientation of basal bodies with flagellar beat. This results in different images of some basal body associated structures (e.g. distal striated fiber). A fixed basal body orientation was noted in those species where zoospores are covered by a cell envelope. Structural contact of root tubules from root type II (4- or 5-stranded root) with the outer chloroplast membrane in the region of the eyespot was demonstrated for all species. On the basis of some new observations a general description of the cruciate flagellar root system in biflagellate green algae is given and a new nomenclature is offered. Taxonomic implications and functional aspects of cruciate flagellar root systems in biflagellate green algae are discussed.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum × chaucha ; potato ; triploid ; taxonomy ; variation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary The variation in Solanum × chaucha Juz. et Buk. (2n=3x=36) was studied using 114 accessions from the Potato Collection maintained by the International Potato Center. These accession represented less than 5% of the collection originally screened for ploidy. Twenty morphological characters of the tubers, inflorescences and leaves were scored. The accessions were grouped into 20 morphotypes on the basis of the tuber characters. Two-qualitative characters, red-anther tip and sky-blue flowers were diagnostic of 4 morphotypes, but the variation of the quantitative characters overlapped among morphotypes, and were of limited value. Electrophoretic separation of tuber proteins in 7.5% polyacrylamide gels generally confirmed the morphotype groupings. It is concluded that each of the morphotypes represents a single genotype, and these are named according to the International Code of Nomenclature for Cultivated Plants. The variation within S. × chaucha apparently has been restricted by its hybrid origin.
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  • 11
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Freshwater sponges ; monotipic genera ; hybridism ; gemmulat reproduction ; speciation ; taxonomy ; Amazonian communities
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Description / Table of Contents: Resumo Characterísticas peculiares a diversos espécimes de uma esponja de água doce integrante de duas comunidades de tais esponjas no médio rio Juruá, indicam serem tais espécies híbridos de Trochospongilla minuta (Potts, 1881) com Trochospongilla delicata Bonetto & de Drago, 1967 ‘sensu’ Volkmer-Ribeiro et al. 1972. A constância e a uniformidade características apresentadas por todos os espécimes estudados não parecem contudo indicar existência de uma zona de hibridização (hybrid belt) no local e, taxonomica mente, permitem agrupar tais características sob o termo ‘específicas’. Este fato juntamente com a presente inexistência de estudos sõbre genética de esponjas de água doce, obrigaram a definição do novo gênero, Saturnospongilla e a descrição de sua unica espécie, S.carvalhoi n.sp. A complexidade do conjunto espicular deste novo gênero conduz de imediato a extensão da hipótese de uma origem híbrida aos outros generos monotípicos de esponjas de água doce atualmente conhecidos e que também ostentam uma composição espicular ‘múltipla’. A reprodução destes híbridos estaria atestada, no mínimo, pela produção de gêmulas ein tais gêneros monotípicos. Adianta-se, porém, a hipótese de que tais esponjas sejam hibridos alopoliploides.
    Notes: Summary Particular characteristics of several specimens of a freshwater sponge integrating two communities of such sponges at river Juruá, Brasil, strongly indicate an hybrid origin for these specimens; Trochospongilla minuta (Potts, 1881) and Trochospongilla delicata Bonetto & de Drago, 1967 ‘sensu’ Volkmer-Ribeiro et al. 1972, being the parental species. However, the constancy and uniformity of the characteristics presented by all specimens do not support the hypothesis of origin from an hybrid swarm and allow grouping such characteristics under the term ‘specific’. This fact, together with the present lack of studies on genetics of freshwater sponges, necessitated the erection of the new genus Saturnospongilla and the description of the new species S.carvalhoi n.sp. The complexity of the spicular set of this new genus facilitates generalization of the hypothesis of a hybrid origin of the other presently known monotipic genera of freshwater sponges which also display a ‘multiple’ spicular composition. Reproduction of these hybrid sponges is in agreement with the presence of gemmules in all such monotypic genera. The hypothesis is also advanced that such sponges may be allopolyploid hybrids.
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Euphytica 28 (1979), S. 685-696 
    ISSN: 1573-5060
    Keywords: Solanum sucrense ; taxonomy ; crossability ; field studies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Summary Two theories for the origin of the Bolivian weed potato species Solanum sucrense Hawkes have been tested. The first was that it had an allopolyploid origin as a hybrid of the cultivated tetraploid S. tuberosum ssp. andigena (Juz. et Buk.) Hawkes with the wild/weed tetraploid cytotype of S. oplocense Hawkes. The second hypothesis postulated that it was a cross of the weed diploid species S. sparsipilum (Bitt.) Juz. et Buk. with S. oplocense. Synthetic hybrids of S. tuberosum ssp. andigena x S. oplocense and of S. sparsipilum x S. oplocense have been compared morphologically with S. sucrense accessions. Their crossability has also been investigated. The crossability and morphological studies strongly suggested that the former hypothesis was the more likely. This was borne out by observations made on the 1974 University of Birmingham Expedition when segregating populations of S. sucrense and S. oplocense were collected growing with feral S. tuberosum ssp. andigena. The evidence from this study indicates that the S. tuberosum ssp. andigena x S. oplocense hybrid has formed the basis of the S. sucrense gene pool. It is suggested that this hybridogenic taxon be maintained under the name Solanum x sucrense. The clarification of the taxonomic relationships of these three species will be of interest to Globodera resistance breeders, in view of the fact that these taxa are resistant to various pathotypes of the golden nematode.
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  • 13
    ISSN: 1573-5117
    Keywords: Sergestidae ; Acetes orientalis ; taxonomy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Acetes orientalis, a new species of sergestid shrimp belonging to the genus Acetes H. Milne-Edwards collected from the Mandovi estuary, Goa, Central West Coast of India has affinities to most of the Indo-Pacific species. The petasma of the male has resemblance in shape to. A. sibogae, A. vulgaris, A. sibogalis, A. australis, A. erythraeus and Acetes sp. and very much alike in structure to that of A. sibogae. The female genital area has a pair of protuberance as in A. vulgaris and A. indicus. These combinations in characters along with several other important features which justify the creation of this new species are discussed in comparison with those of the other Indo-Pacific species having closet affinities.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
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    Springer
    Behavior genetics 7 (1977), S. 199-238 
    ISSN: 1573-3297
    Keywords: taxonomy ; invertebrate behavior ; maturation ; web patterns ; spider webbuilding
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Psychology
    Notes: Abstract The orb webs of the four speciesAraneus pima (species nova),Araneus diadematus (Clerck),Argiope aurantia (Lucas), andNeoscona domiciliorum (Hentz) built under controlled laboratory conditions were compared and evaluated quantitatively at two different points in the life cycle in regard to size, regularity, shape, and fine structure. Orb webs of two species from one genus can be distinguished, but are more alike than webs from different genera. Mature spiders built highly specific webs, a fact which may play a role in species isolation during courtship. In adults, web measures correlated in size with the spiders' taxon; young spiders' web size measurements corresponded rather to their body weight or leg length. A web's regularity seemed to be closely related to age. Adult and young spiders built oval-shaped webs with eccentric hubs. Mesh width was correlated with leg length at both age levels. Web data support the likelihood of a monophyletic evolution of the four species.
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