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1

Digitale Medien

Perception of shape from shading in chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and humans (Homo sapiens) (1998)

Tomonaga, Masaki

Springer

Animal cognition 1 (1998), S. 25-35

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ISSN: 1435-9456

Schlagwort(e): Key words Shape from shading ; Visual search ; Texture segregation ; Chimpanzees ; Humans

Quelle: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000

Thema: Biologie

Notizen: Abstract The perception of shape from shading was tested in two chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) and five humans (Homo sapiens), using visual search tasks. Subjects were required to select and touch an odd item (target) from among uniform distractors. Humans found the target faster when shading was vertical than when it was horizontal, consistent with results of previous research. Both chimpanzees showed the opposite pattern: they found the target faster when shading was horizontal. The same difference in response was found in texture segregation tasks. This difference between the species could not be explained by head rotation or head shift parallel to the surface of the monitor. Furthermore, when the shaded shape was changed from a circle to a square, or the shading type was changed from gradual to stepwise, the difference in performance between vertical and horizontal shading disappeared in chimpanzees, but persisted in humans. These results suggest that chimpanzees process shading information in a different way from humans.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s100710050004

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2

Digitale Medien

Neue Wege zu 1H- und 2H-Pyrrolen (1980)

Pfoertner, Karl-Heinz ; Foricher, Joseph

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 658-663

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: New Routes to 1H- and 2H-PyrrolesA synthesis of 1H-pyrroles is described starting with pyridine analogues of chalcones and involving the reaction of acetic anhydride with 1-pyrroline-1-oxides. Another route leads from 1-pyrrolines to 2 H-pyrroles via bromination with N-bromosuccinimide and subsequent dehydrobromination in dimethylformamide.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630313

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3

Digitale Medien

Erratum (1980)

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 681-681

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630317

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4

Digitale Medien

Nucleophilic addition to C,C double bonds. IIIFor Part I, see [1]; for Part II, see [2].. Chemical reactivity of 1endo, 4endo: 5exo, 8exo-dimethano-1,2,3,4,4a,5,8,8a-octahydronaphthalen-10syn-ol and X-ray structure analysis of its p-nitrobenzoate (1980)

Pfund, Rolland A. ; Bernd Schweizer, W. ; Ganter, Camille

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 674-681

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: The title compound 1 is a further example of an olefinic alcohol that undergoes ether formation under basic conditions (→ 3) although the double bond is not activated by an electron-attracting group. This unusual reactivity is due to steric compression, which is increased in the 10-methyl analogue 2. This forms the corresponding ether 7 at a much higher rate. - In a deuteriated medium, base-catalysed cyclization of 1 gives the exo-deuteriated ether 6, corresponding to trans-addition. - An X-ray structure analysis of 4, the p-nitrobenzoate of 1, is presented.

Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630316

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5

Digitale Medien

The Synthesis of β,γ- and α,β-Unsaturated Aldehydes via Polyene EpoxidesDedicated to Dr. O. Isler on the occasion of his 70th birthday (1980)

Rosenberger, Michael ; Jackson, William ; Saucy, Gabriel

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 1665-1674

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: A substitute for the Darzens glycidic ester synthesis for converting unsaturated ketones or aldehydes into the homologated β,γ- or α,β-unsaturated aldehydes employing sulfur ylides is described. The carbonyl group is converted into the unsaturated oxirane which is then rearranged to the new aldehyde. High yields of isomerically pure aldehydes are available by this method and the process is of practical importance in the conversion of β-ionone into the β-C14-aldehyde, a key intermediate in the Isler synthesis of vitamin A. The efficient preparation of α- and β-cyclocitral by the novel process is also described.

Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630636

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6

Digitale Medien

Globularifolin, A New Acyl Iridoid Glucoside from Globularia cordifoliaPart 3 in the series ‘Glycosides of Globulariaceae’. For parts 1 and 2 see [1] [2]. (1980)

Chaudhuri, Ratan K. ; Sticher, Otto

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 117-120

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Six iridoid glucosides have been isolated from Globularia cordifolia by the combination of open column - and high performance liquid chromatography. The structure of the new compound, named globularifolin, and the identity of the others have been established by chemical transformations and spectral evidence of the compounds and their derivatives.

Zusätzliches Material: 1 Tab.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630112

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7

Digitale Medien

Photofragmentation of Dibenzyl Ketone in the Presence of Tetramethylpiperidine Derivatives. Studies on light stabilizer mechanisms [1] (1980)

Felder, Bruno ; Schumacher, Rolf ; Sitek, Franciszek

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 132-147

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: The interaction of selected tetramethylpiperidine derivatives with radicals arising from the Norrish-type I cleavage of dibenzyl ketone under oxygen was studied. Product analyses and kinetic studies showed that the investigated sterically hindered piperidine derivatives have a pronounced effect on both the nature and distribution of the products of photolysis of dibenzyl ketone in the presence of oxygen. Observations indicated that the phenylperacetoxyl radical is formed as an intermediate during irradiation and that it interacts with the additives used. Possible mechanisms of the reactions studied are discussed.The observation that oxidation of an isolated double bond by the radicals formed in dibenzyl ketone photolysis under oxygen is strongly inhibited in the presence of the studied sterically hindered amines is discussed in the light of the results presented. The findings are considered in relation to the problem of polymer stabilization.

Zusätzliches Material: 6 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630114

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8

Digitale Medien

Approaches to the Synthesis of Cytochalasans. Part 2. Pyrrolinone derivatives as basic unitsPart 1: [1].Part of the Ph.D. Thesis of T. Schmidlin, Basel 1979. (1980)

Schmidlin, Tibur ; Tamm, Christoph

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 121-131

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Several attempts to prepare 3-acetyl-5-benzyl-3-pyrrolin-2-one (7) from phenylalanine are described. This goal was only reached formally, because compound 7 exists in the tautomeric form of (Z)-5-benzyl-3-(1′-hydroxyethylidene)-4-pyrrolin-2-one (17) according to the spectral data. The problem of tautomerism in pyrrolinone systems is discussed.

Zusätzliches Material: 4 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630113

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9

Digitale Medien

Nucleophile Aminoalkylierung mit ThiopivalamidenVorläufige Mitt. [1]. (1980)

Lubosch, Winfried ; Seebach, Dieter

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 102-116

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Nucleophilic Aminoalkylation with ThiopivalamidesVorläufige Mitt. [1].Of the twelve thioamides 7a-e and 8a-g, only N,N-dimethylthiopivalamide (7a) could be metallated at the CH-group in a-position to the N-Atom. The reagent 9 thus obtained (Table 1) reacts in high yields with primary haloalkanes, with aldehydes, and with non-enolizable ketones (Table 2). As shown in Scheme 1, the products can be hydrolyzed to pivalamides, cleaved to secondary amines, or reduced to neopentylamines (see 18/19, 15/equation (4) and (5), and 16/20, respectively).

Zusätzliches Material: 2 Tab.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630111

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10

Digitale Medien

Laser Induced Excitation Spectra of the Cations of Some Fluoro-substituted Phenols (B̃2 A″ ↔ X̃2 A″) in the Gaseous Phase (1980)

Maier, J. P. ; Misev, L. ; Shiley, R. H.

New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell

Helvetica Chimica Acta 63 (1980), S. 1920-1925

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ISSN: 0018-019X

Schlagwort(e): Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry

Quelle: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000

Thema: Chemie und Pharmazie

Notizen: Excitation spectra of the cations of pentafluorophenol, 2,3,4-trifluorophenol, 2,4,5-trifluorophenol, 2,5-difluorophenol and 3,5-difluorophenol have been obtained by pumping the B̃2 A″ ← X̃2A″ transition with a dye laser. The cations were first produced in their ground states by Penning ionisation using argon metastables. Vibrational frequencies of some of the fundamentals have been inferred for these cations in the B̃2 A″ state from the excitation spectra, and in the X̃2 A″ state from the emission spectra. Possible applications of the reported results are suggested.

Zusätzliches Material: 3 Ill.

Materialart: Digitale Medien

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/hlca.19800630719

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