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  • 101
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    [s.l.] : Nature Publishing Group
    Nature 297 (1982), S. 255-255 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Washington On 3 May, the Union Carbide Corporation, which has run government atomic facilities at Oak Ridge, Tennessee, since the Second World War, announced that it no longer wants to do so. Union Carbide is not seeking to renew its option to manage Oak Ridge when the present contract expires on ...
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  • 102
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 609-609 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE pattern of evolution in the mollusc lineages reported by Williamson seems to be in excellent agreement with the theory of punctuated equilibria, which is based on the well-known paleontological observation that new species usually enter the fossil record abruptly (in geological time) and ...
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  • 103
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 610-611 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WE would like to give a brief explanation of why the 'punctuated' pattern of evolutionary change seen in Williamson's and other, less well documented, findings may well be an artefact of the sampling time scales. A more detailed argument is presented elsewhere1. Consider the following imaginary ...
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  • 104
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 595-595 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A new mood of optimism prevails at the space and communications division of British Aerospace. Not surprisingly, the company is delighted at last month's news that the Hughes Aircraft company is to build up to 16 Intelsat-VI telecommunications satellites: as principal subcontractor British ...
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  • 105
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 623-627 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A soluble enzyme system has been discovered which specifically recognizes and replicates plasmids containing the Escherichia coli chromosomal origin, oriC. Electron microscopy has shown that plasmid replication begins at or near oriC from which it progresses bidirectionally to completion. Control ...
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  • 106
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 609-610 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] WILLIAMSON 's brief comment (p. 441) that the presumably derivative morphologies, all arrayed in two, well-dated, very discrete horizons and one more diffuse horizon, cannot be considered to be ecophenotypic morphologies of the unchanging, long-ranging forms - many of which persist to the present - ...
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  • 107
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 258-259 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Hopes that the British university system would be spared some of the government's economy measures were dashed last week, when the University Grants Committee made public the recurrent grants to individual universities for the academic year 1982-83. There is no substantial change from the ...
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  • 108
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 605-606 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SUCCESSFULLY fuse an antibody-producing B cell with a myeloma cell and there is a good chance that the resulting hybridoma will provide a continuous supply of monoclonal antibodies. Can similar techniques be applied to T cells, the other major population of lymphocytes within the immune system, ...
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  • 109
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 608-608 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] On 8 October, 1981 P G Williamson1 presented an extraordinarily "complete page in the history of evolution" in a very detailed sequence of fossil molluscs from the the eastern Turkana basin in East Africa. All of 13 lineages, including ten which could be followed for 4-5 million years, showed a ...
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  • 110
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 610-610 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE critical issue stemming from Williamson's papers is the explanation of stasis and increased variability associated with the episodes of change. The view he holds, that stasis is due to developmental constraints2, is equivalent to saying that the characters concerned lack genetic variability, so ...
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  • 111
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 636-638 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] We have used an inverted telesounder1, a modified side-scan sonar, to probe the sea surface and near-surface scatterers. The sonar consists of a single linear 248 kHz transducer mounted horizontally a few centimetres above a reflecting plate inclined upwards from the horizontal at about 20 (Fig. ...
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  • 112
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 642-643 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Electron microscopic examination of bacteria collected from several experimental sulphide leaching systems, in which substrates contained silver, has shown that the bacteria involved in the leaching can accumulate silver in very large quantities and that their activity does not appear to be ...
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  • 113
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 645-647 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] As a result of two seasons (1979-80) of collecting, fossil rodents, primates and carnivores have been recovered in a new site ('Anthracothere Hill') in the norther Negev of Israel (Fig. 1, site 1). Already these specimens have quadrupled the number of fossils known from the Negev; further study of ...
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  • 114
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 653-655 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Figure 1 shows the ability of GnRH-Ant to inhibit GnRH-stimulated LH release from pituitary cell cultures. GnRH-Ant was an effective inhibitor of stimulated LH release; alone it has no detectable agonist action at concentrations up to 106M. Figure 2 shows the elution pattern (G-25 column ...
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  • 115
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 285-285 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] ON 26 May 1832, the horizontal component of the Earth's magnetic field at Gottingen was 1.7820 mg^mnv^s-1 (=17,820 nT). Not particularly remarkable, you might think, except that this was the first ever absolute measurement of the geomagnetic field and its attainment had required much of the armoury ...
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  • 116
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 286-287 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The most common cause of death in developed countries is necrosis of heart muscle (myocardial infarction) resulting from obstruction of the arterial blood supply. The affected artery is usually narrowed by a plaque of atheroma. Two main hypotheses have been proposed for the origin of the atheroma, ...
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  • 117
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 287-288 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE double membrane surrounding the nucleus is penetrated by nuclear pore complexes, recognized from the early days of electron microscopy as large structures (1,200 A in diameter) with a striking eightfold rotational symmetry (reviewed by J.R. Harris in Electron Microscopy of Proteins Vol. 1, ...
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  • 118
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 288-288 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] GENE expression is usually thought of as being controlled through the action of proteins, such as repressors and effectors. Recently, a different mode of control has been reported whereby inactive genes are relocated by some type of recombination process to new sites where transcription takes ...
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  • 119
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 481-482 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Sweeping changes at the Deutsches Krebsforschungzentrum (DKFZ) in Heidelberg have been recommended by the international commission appointed by the German Minister for Science and Technology. The proposed changes would invest the director of DKFZ with executive power, the lack of which caused the ...
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  • 120
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 484-484 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The British Agricultural Research Council (ARC) is still in a fix about its budget for the next three years. Plans to find all the necessary economies to meet the expected shortfall in its government grant at the Animal Breeding Research Organization (ABRO) and the Long Ashton Research Station have ...
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  • 121
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 300-303 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Raised mires are ecosystems in which waterlogged peat accumulates above the level of the surrounding stream system. It has been suggested that waterlogging is maintained by matric forces, but a model involving impeded drainage is in better accord with the structure of the peat and with basic tenets ...
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  • 122
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 303-307 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Macrophages have a calcium-insensitive protein which binds to and inhibits monomer addition at the ‘pointed’ end of actin filaments labelled with heavy meromyosin. This protein, in concert with calcium-sensitive proteins already shown to bind the ‘barbed’ end of filaments, ...
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  • 123
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 307-312 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Protamine is shown to be a specific inhibitor of angiogenesis. The compound inhibits the capillary proliferation observed in embryogenesis, inflammation, certain immune reactions and the growth of solid ...
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  • 124
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 312-313 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Most previous observations of low-degree 5-min solar oscillations have been made with light integrated from the entire solar disk. Claverie et al.25 and Grec et al.1'6'7 have measured spectrum line shifts, and Deubner8 and Woodard and Hudson9 have measured radiant intensity. Such measurements are ...
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  • 125
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 313-315 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] A gradual decrease in the Earth's dipole moment at a rate of -5% per lOOyr has been established from observations of the geomagnetic field over the past 150 yr (ref. 3). Less well established but still generally accepted is the slow westward drift of certain features of the geomagnetic field at a ...
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  • 126
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 485-485 
    ISSN: 1476-4687
    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] At a time when many groups are hard pressed to support large projects, a team from the UK Institute of Oceanographic Sciences (IOS) has just returned from a successful six-month cruise on which it earned more than £250,000 in foreign currency. IOS, now run by the Natural Environment Research ...
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  • 127
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 486-486 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - In their article on malaria resurgence, Chapin and Wasserstrom1 claim that the agronomic use of DDT led to the development of DDT resistance in mosquitoes and hence to a resurgence of malaria in India. However, the main cause of the rapid increase in the consumption of insecticides in India ...
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  • 128
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 486-486 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Lin eta/.1 have recently described the "induction of helical liposomes by Ca2+ -mediated intermembrane binding", and the two types of helical liposomes discovered by Lin et al. were displayed on the cover of Nature of 11 March. The authors acknowledged the independent observation of ...
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  • 129
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 492-493 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SEVEN years ago I suggested that receptor-stimulated breakdown of phosphatidylinositol (PI) might be implicated in a general mechanism whereby activation of many cell-surface receptors brings about a rise in the cytosolic Ca2 + concentration in stimulated cells1. In recent months, two brief ...
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  • 130
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 319-321 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Geological outlines of the Lhasa region: C, Carboniferous; P, Permian; T, Trias; J, Jurassic. K1} Takena Formation and lower-middle Cretaceous; K2, Lingzizong Formation; % granitic intrus-ives. Redrawn from geological map of Lhasa-Nyalam Area (Academia Sinica). YZ, Yarlung Zang Bo suture ...
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  • 131
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 512-514 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] Reminiscences and Reflections by Hans Krebs collaboration with Anne Martin. Pp.250. ISBN 0-19-854702-1. (Oxford University Press: 1982.) £12.50, $19.95. ON 14 December 1932 the dean of the medical faculty of the University of Freiburg, Professor E. Rehn, reported to the Ministry of ...
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  • 132
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    Notes: [Auszug] The study was carried out in four awake and four sleeping rhesus monkeys weighing 3.8-5.9 kg. They were surgically prepared several weeks before the experiment with electrodes implanted over the dura, in the orbital region and in neck muscles to permit electrical monitoring of cerebral, ocular and ...
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  • 133
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 491-492 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
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    Notes: [Auszug] IN 1972 the Mobil Oil Corporation synthesized and patented a range of very high Si/Al zeolites of which ZSM-5 is the best known example. This zeolite is a catalyst of great importance in the synthesis of petrol from coal (see Thomas et al., this issue of Nature p.530) and the Mobil patent is thus ...
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  • 134
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 520-521 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The Diseases of Civilisation. By Brian Inglis. Pp.371. ISBN 0-340-21717-0. (Hodder & Stoughton:1981.) £10.95. BRIAN Inglis is a respected journalist and author who has written several informative books on the history of medical practice, orthodox, homeopathic and supernatural. His ...
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  • 135
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 525-530 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Mantle fragments carried up from as deep as 200km by high-velocity eruptions show metasomatic introduction of volatile bearing minerals, before melting. The broad spatial and temporal distribution of alkaline magmatism shows that transfer of lithophile elements to the outer Earth by rising ...
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  • 136
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    Notes: [Auszug] A human tRNALys gene was converted to an amber suppressor by site-specific mutagenesis of the anticodon. The mutated tRNALys gene directed synthesis of a tRNA that suppressed the UAG amber nonsense mutation in β0 thalassaemia mRNA. Such genes may be ...
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  • 137
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 521-522 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Circle of Poison: Pesticides and People in a Hungry World. By David Weir Mark Schapiro Pp.99. ISBN 0-935028-09-9. (Institute for Food and Development Policy/Third World Publications: 1981.) $3.95, £2.50. Circle of Poison provides an insight into the process by which "someone in the ...
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  • 138
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 523-524 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Psychiatry Around The Globe: A Transcultural View. By Julian Leff Pp.204. ISBN 0-8247-1532-2. (Dekker: I98I.)SwFr. 58. THIS conspectus of mental illness "around the globe" has many of the attributes of those luxury cruises in which travellers combine the pleasures of exotic sightseeing with those ...
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  • 139
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    Notes: [Auszug] ‘Magic-angle-spinning’ NMR has revealed fresh insights into the atomic structure of the polymorph of silica, silicalite, which has exceptional absorptive properties. There is evidence that highly crystalline variants of silicalite contain 24 distinct tetrahedral locations, populated ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 540-542 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Although the problem of cosmic exergy creation has not been widely discussed, general answers have been given by Tolman3, and later by Layzer4 and Landsberg5. The solution is that during the expansion of the Universe, the conditions for local equi-librium changed with changing temperature and ...
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  • 141
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 547-549 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Fission products would comprise 40-90% of the HLW stream; the rest would consist of actinides and reprocessing elements. Most (-84%) of the fission products are totally non-radioactive and about half of the radioactive isotopes have half lives 〉105 yr. Only -2% have half lives 〈1 yr. Thus, 137Cs ...
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  • 142
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 553-556 
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    Notes: [Auszug] McKenzie3 and Griggs4 investigated whether the maximum depth of earthquakes in subducted slabs is determined by a critical temperature. Although their results lent qualitative support to such a relationship their studies were based on limited data and hampered by great uncertainties concerning ...
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  • 143
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 558-561 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Four sites have been investigated (Fig. 1). Loch an t-Suidhe (grid ref. NM370215, altitude 30 m OD) on the Ross of Mull and Mishnish (grid ref. NM455565, altitude 120 m OD) to the west of Tobermory are infilled basins which lie outside the area affected by Loch Lomond Stadial ice, and contain a ...
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  • 144
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 345-346 
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    Notes: [Auszug] IT is curious the way that certain ideas and concepts in science exercise a wide and seemingly disproportionate fascination. These include the measurement paradoxes of quantum theory, and the origin of time's mysterious "arrow". Another is Mach's principle. Scientists return to it again and again. ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 585-585 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In the article The highly polymorphic region near the human insulin gene is composed of simple andemly repeating sequences' by G. E. Bell et al, Nature 295, 31-35 (1982), the first three lines in Table 2 should read: Sequence Occurrences Allele 1 (AHil) Allele 2 (AHi2) a, ACAGGGGTGTGGGG 15 ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 572-574 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Human serum or plasma drawn in 10 mM EDTA was obtained from healthy donors. The complement pathway was activated by adding 2 g crushed inulin (Merck) to 100 ml serum followed by incubation at 37 C for 4 h. Activation by inulin leads to the formation of the macromolecular, non-cytolytic SC5b-9 ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 579-581 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The major D. virilis rDNA insertion has been described as being 10 kb long2'3'7, although it had been noted that it appears to be a tandem duplication2. Blot hybridizations using uncloned D. virilis rDNA digested with restriction enzyme combinations not previously used have now shown that 5-kb ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 584-585 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The action of oxaloacetate decarboxylase in catalysing the transport of Na4" ions across the cell membrane, thereby generating an electrochemical gradient of Na4" ions6'8, is in accord with its localization in the cell membrane and the specific requirement of Na4" ions for catalytic activity9"11. ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 386-386 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Having read more than once your leading article of 18 February (p.542) under the condemnatory title above, I am still puzzled that you provide no evidence, by way of argument, to justify the statement "The claim by the anti-nuclear movement of professional support is mostly a sham". The ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 387-390 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Public demand for totally safe drugs has led to excessive, costly and misleading toxicity testing. Such testing drains the resources which have been available for discovering much needed new drugs. Better public understanding of the limitations of toxicity testing and the hazards of medication is ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 394-395 
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    Notes: [Auszug] ALTHOUGH the geomagnetic field was the subject of the earliest scientific treatise (Gilbert's De Magnete of 1600) it still remains the most enigmatic of all the Earth's properties. The situation is even more extraordinary when it is realized that it is also the only geophysical property whose value ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 173-173 
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    Notes: [Auszug] In an unusual move, the British University Grants Committee is earmarking part of its annual budget to develop a specific topic biotechnology. The committee plans that £800,000 will be spent in each of the next three academic years on fostering biotechnology in a handful of universities. The ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 173-174 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The latest shot in the long-running battle between the pharmaceuticals industry and its detractors, in which the health problems of developing countries provide the battle-ground, has been fired by the Office of Health Economics (OHE). Despite its governmental sounding title and Whitehall address, ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 174-175 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Washington The major controversy in Washington this week has been the fate of the federal budget, as congressional leaders and the President joust with each other, leaving the outcome in doubt. No less concerned are the atmospheric scientists and oceanographers, especially those involved in ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 175-175 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The British anti-lead lobby is flying high. Results now emerging from recent studies seem to be persuading scientific and medical opinion that the government should take further action on the lead content of petrol. Total elimination was advocated by many of the participants at an international ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 446-448 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Confluent monolayers of N4TG1 cells were pretreated with ligand, the cells were then washed extensively with Dulbecco's phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) to remove any remaining bound ligand and membrane particulate fractions were prepared. Enkephalin receptor binding of these fractions was then ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] pHLA-1 (Fig. Ib, c) contains a 513-base pair (bp) cDNA insert which corresponds to the COOH-terminal 46 amino acids of an HLA class I heavy chain plus a portion of the 3'-noncoding region of the mRNA3. To make a preliminary estimate of HLA class I gene family size, genomic DNA was isolated from a ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 464-466 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Tight junction strands have been assumed to consist of a row of intramembrane particles representing integral membrane proteins which on fixation (glutaraldehyde 1-5%) and cryo-protection (glycerol 20-30%) form the continuous fibrils observed in standard freeze-fracture replicas5'7'12'16. This ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] The isolation and characterization of the HPFH DNA clone will be described elsewhere (D.T., S.M.W. and B.G.F., in preparation). The restriction endonuclease map of the human non-a -globin gene cluster in the region of the HPFH deletion end point that was cloned is shown in Fig. 1. The deletion end ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 475-476 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Earth Sciences ACER, D.V. The Nature of the Stratigraphical Record. 2nd Edn. Pp.122. Pbk ISBN 0-470-27052-7. (Macmillan Press, London and New York: 1981.) Pbk £5.50. FAUST, S.D. and ALY, O.M. Chemistry of Natural Waters. Pp.399. ISBN 0-250-40387-0. (Ann Arbor Science/Butterworths: 1981.) ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 441-444 
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    Notes: [Auszug] We have used the in vitro turtle (Pseudemis scripta elegans) olfactory bulb preparation11"13. The bulb was hemisected to facilitate the placement of stimulating and recording electrodes. Microelectrodes (140-180 MO) filled with 2M potassium methylsulphate were used to record intracellularly from ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 439-441 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The Ebenaceae, the persimmon and ebony family, represents one of the small group of families of angiosperms whose name is not based on a currently valid generic name. The familial name was derived from the pre-Linnaean Ebenus Rumphius. Generic limits within the family are the subject of some ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 448-450 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Treatment of porcine vimentin (55K) and desmin (52K) with the cysteine-specific reagent 2-nitro-5-thiocyanobenzoic acid (NTCB)9 yields two fragments (I and II)6. Whereas fragments I (37K) spanning the amino-terminal part of the two polypep-tides were not further explored, the two carboxy-terminal ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 471-472 
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    Notes: [Auszug] DIET has always figured prominently in studies of the adaptation and evolution of mammals. This is to be expected, as most of the fossil record is composed of teeth and jaws, and feeding adaptations, aside from reproduction, are probably the most critical selective force in mammalian evolution. ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] A dispersed immunoglobulin pseudogene carries two hallmarks of RNA processing—spliced J and C regions and a poly (A)-rich tail. Its discovery strengthens the notion that processed genes are a significant feature of the mammalian genome and that genetic information can return to the genome via ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 334-338 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The ice sheet model1'2 predicts ice thickness in a cross-section running approximately north-south along a typical flow line (see Fig. 4). A vertically integrated approximate ice flow law is used with east-west flow neglected, which reduces the ice dynamics to a non-linear diffusion equation for ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 281-282 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Washington The Reagan Administration claims that it now has clear and scientifically verified data that the Soviet Union is providing toxic agents for military use by its allies in Laos and Kampuchea, and has circum-stantial evidence that the Soviet Union is itself using such weapons in ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 477-478 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Awards Professor George Weber (Laboratory for Experimental Oncology at Indiana University School of Medicine) has been elected for the 22nd Annual Clowes Award by the American Association for Cancer Research. The Institution of Geologists has presented the Aberconway Medal to Dr D. J. Burdon. ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 284-284 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - Having recently received, for the first time, a communication from the Biblical Creation Society which contained quotations both from my letter to you of last July (Nature 30 July 1981, p.403) and from Dr O'Grady's comments on it (Nature 10 December 1981, p.510), I am reminded that a short ...
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    Notes: [Auszug] In agreement with recently proposed nomenclature11, the one of Ha-MuSV has been designated v-Ha-ras, while the two homologous rat cellular genes which have been molecularly cloned are called c-Ha-rasl and c-Ha-ras2 respectively. (In ref. 9, c-Ha-rasl is called sarcll and c-Ha-ras2, sard. Sarc IIis ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 374-375 
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    Notes: [Auszug] As IN the workings of a Greek tragedy, there is nothing now to indicate the dis-comforts that lie ahead as heedlessly we burn fossil fuel and CO2 grows ever more abundant in the air. But this is not so for the small percentage of sulphur in these fuels; of all consequences of mankind's industrial ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 210-212 
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    Notes: [Auszug] We first consider the initial concentrations of W and La in the Moon or in precursor lunar material. The presence of correlated pairs of refractory lithophile elements (for example, Ba/La) with Cl ratios in the Earth, Moon and eucrites argues strongly for a chondritic W/La ratio in the Moon or ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 212-213 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Although coherent Raman spectroscopy is experimentally demanding compared with spontaneous Raman spectroscopy it can enable experiments to be carried out that would otherwise be impossible. Perhaps the most spectacular results are those of Owyoung and co-workers1 who used Raman loss spectroscopy ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 188-189 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The British government's enthusiasm for new technologies, and its lack of enthusiams for the universities, was confirmed in last week's budget. While the universities can expect little respite from the austerity promised a year ago, the development of new technologies in industry is to receive a ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 189-190 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Washington Faced with increasingly intense competition from the Japanese electronics industry, a number of large American computer companies are developing plans to pool a proportion of their research resources into a new venture, provisionally called Microelectronics and Computer Technology ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 217-220 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Fig. 1 Sketch map showing lower to middle Palaeozoic petrotec-tonic assemblages of the US Cordillera. Generalized outcrops of Palaeozoic strata in the northern Sierra Nevada (NS) and eastern Klamath Mountains (K) are shown with no pattern within 'oceanic' assemblage. Data from refs 19, 38, 44. ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 222-223 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Several studies have indicated that the mean IQ is higher in Japan than in the United States and other advanced western nations1'2. The Japanese-American disparity has varied in different samples from 2 to 15 IQ points. The existing evidence suggests that the disparity is generally smallest among ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 366-368 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Several observations suggest a nuclear involvement during the transcription and replication of influenza virus7"10. These include nuclear labelling in autoradiographs, inhibition of viral production by actinomycin D and a-amanitin-both inhibitors of nuclear RNA polymerase II-and the splicing and ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 223-225 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Because all previous experiments demonstrating asymmetrical control of attack and copulation have used only male chickens hatched from eggs exposed to light during incubation4'5, it was first necessary to ascertain that the same phenomenon occurred in females also hatched from eggs exposed to ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 225-227 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Peptides were extracted from ovine corpora lutea using the method developed by Walsh and Niall12 for the isolation of porcine relaxin. The crude extract was applied to a Sephadex G-50 column. While testing the fractions from this column for relaxin-like activity in a rat uterine strip bioassay, it ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 227-229 
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    Notes: [Auszug] The olfactory bulb has two major cell types: mitral cells, which relay signals to the cortex and granule cells, which are inhibitory interneurones. The interaction between these two types of cells involves a reciprocal dendrodendritic inhibitory pathway12'18. Briefly, impulses in mitral cell ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 229-231 
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    Notes: [Auszug] Rat peritoneal mast cells were collected, purified (90% purity) and incubated as described previously10. Mast cells that had been preincubated with 3H-serotonin to load them with this releasable amine11 and then incubated with amitriptyline (10 7-10"4M) for 5 min showed depressed histamine ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 231-233 
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    Notes: [Auszug] C57BL/6 mice were immunized with 2 mg NP-0-Su; 6 days later T cells were prepared from the regional lymph nodes as previously described for the enrichment of Ts3 suppressor cells3. The hybridization procedure has been reported elsewhere3, in fact the same series of hybridoma cells were used to ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 233-234 
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    Notes: [Auszug] L. monocytogenes, serotype 4b, was cultured in tryptose broth at 37 C for 16h. The virulence of the strain was maintained by continuous passage in mice of the same strain as used for the experiments. Viable counts of bacteria in broth, dilutions and spleen homogenates were determined using 10-fold ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 192-192 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIR - What's this nonsense about Holmes' Principles of Physical Geology being "long out of print"? ("What Makes a Good Textbook"; Nature 11 February, p.459.) This work has never been out of print. A comprehensively revised third edition was prepared by Sir Arthur's widow Doris (herself a fine ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 199-199 
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    Notes: [Auszug] SIDEREUS NUNCIUS waspublishedin Venicein 1610andrevealedtothe renaissance world "great, unusual, and remarkable spectacles. .... .as observed by Galileo Galilei, Gentleman of Florence, Professor of Mathematics in the University of Padua, with the aid of a spyglass". The title page also announced ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 203-204 
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    Notes: [Auszug] THE article in this issue of Nature by Elderfield and Greaves (p.214) reflects two important trends in the study of the marine chemistry of the trace metals. First, there is increasing interest in the detailed chemical behavior of trace elements in the oceans - the complexing of metals with anions ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 214-219 
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    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The depth distributions of La, Ce, Nd, Sm, Eu, Gd, Dy, Er and Yb in the oceanic water column are used to evaluate the marine geochemical cycle of the rare earth elements and their application as water-mass ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 235-238 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The destructive earthquake of 24 October 1980 in the Mixtec Highlands (ML = 7.4, h = 70 km) generated over 50 aftershocks which were large enough to be recorded and located on the RESMAC telemetric network. On each record a prominent arrival is found between 10 and 20 s after the initial P signal ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 242-245 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Our pco2 data were taken continuously by sampling an air stream with an intake located near the T. G. Thompson's bow and a water stream taken from a depth of 3 m. The water stream was passed through an equilibrator3, and both the air and equilibrator gases were dried before analysis with a Beckman ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 252-253 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The in vitro effects of insulin-like growth factors have been extensively studied. Both IGF I and IGF II are potent stimulators of cell replication, and of DNA and RNA synthesis in fibroblasts7, chondrocytes3 and calvarian cells (ref. 8 and C. Schmid and E.R.F., in preparation). Moreover, they ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 248-249 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THIS curious volume was cobbled together from some of the papers given at the first S.B. Gusberg Seminar on Reproductive Immunology, in June 1980 in New York, and from contributions solicited after the event which give it a strange chiaroscuro feel. The editor seems to have aimed at obstetricians ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 249-249 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] IN 1982 the serious student of immunology need no longer doubt the existence of lymphokines: he has only to consult the literature. As non-antibody protein products of lymphocyte activation, lymphokines act as mediators and regu-lators of many aspects of lymphocyte function. After a slow start in ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 250-250 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] THE US spacecraft Seasat, launched in June 1978, carried among its instrument complement a synthetic aperture imaging radar, SAR, operating at a radar wave-length of approximately 21 cm. During the satellite's short, three-month life, this instrument provided about 1.5 million km of imagery, mapped ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 251-251 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] FOR more than three thousand million years, melting in the outermost parts of the Earth has been an unusual event taking place only when and where temperatures rose to abnormally high levels. Igneous rocks formed by the consolidation of silicate melts therefore appear in the geological record as ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 133-135 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] To retrieve ozone density from the raw flight data, a profile was produced of attenuation as a function of height for each sensor. The signals near apogee showed no drift in detector sensitivity, but rounds 2 and 3 showed some dependence on rocket attitude (coning modulation). The observations near ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 141-143 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Within ophiolitic complexes, several types of dykelet (usually 1-5 cm wide, exceptionally up to 50 cm) can be observed in both the tectonite and the cumulate sequences. They are called dykelets to distinguish them from the isolated diabase dykes1, which are 2 m wide and cut throughout the ...
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    Nature 296 (1982), S. 150-152 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] In 20 Sprague-Dawley rats weighing -300g the end of a 15-mm segment of an autologous sciatic nerve was inserted close to the basal ganglia or to the cerebral cortex (Fig. I A). The animals had previously been anaesthetized with sodium pento-barbital administered intraperitoneally (5 mg per lOOg ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 92-92 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] The University of London seems well on the way to making an even greater hash of its affairs than seemed likely a few months ago (see Nature 14 January, p.86). For the past year, it has been clear that the consequences of the British government's reduction of support for universities, the limits ...
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    Nature 297 (1982), S. 93-93 
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    Source: Nature Archives 1869 - 2009
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Notes: [Auszug] Poland's new Higher Education Act, the subject of eighteen months' negotatiations and confrontations - including the threat, last September, of a nationwide university strike - became law last week. The act makes several formal concessions to academics' aspirations for self-governance, but at the ...
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