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  • Articles  (2)
  • Ernst Mayr  (1)
  • General Chemistry
  • United States
  • 1995-1999  (2)
  • 1985-1989
  • 1965-1969
  • 1960-1964
  • History  (2)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of the history of biology 32 (1999), S. 293-320 
    ISSN: 1573-0387
    Keywords: biosystematics ; Edgar Anderson ; Evolutionary Synthesis ; Ernst Mayr ; Jesup Lectures ; Missouri Botanical Garden ; maize research ; G. Ledyard Stebbins, Jr. ; Paul C. Mangelsdorf ; Pioneer Hi-Bred Corn Company
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , History
    Notes: Abstract Tracing the contributions of Edgar Anderson (1897--1969) of the Missouri Botanical Garden to the important discussions in evolutionary biology in the 1940s, this paper argues that Anderson turned to corn research rather than play a more prominent role in what is now known as the Evolutionary Synthesis. His biosystematic studies of Iris and Tradescantia in the 1930s reflected such Synthesis concerns as the species question and population thinking. He shared the 1941 Jesup Lectures with Ernst Mayr. But rather than preparing his lectures as a potentially key text in the Synthesis, Anderson began researching Zea mays -- its taxonomy, its origin, and its agronomic role. In this study, Anderson drew on the disciplines of taxonomy, morphology, genetics, geography, anthropology, archaeology, and agronomy among others in his own creative synthesis. Though his maize research in the 1940s represented the most sustained work of his career, Anderson was also drawn in many directions during his professional life. For example, he enjoyed teaching, working with amateurs, and popular writing.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of the history of biology 32 (1999), S. 163-195 
    ISSN: 1573-0387
    Keywords: cytogenetics ; diagrams ; genetics ; illustrations ; McClintock ; models ; molecular biology ; photographs ; twentieth-century ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , History
    Notes: Abstract Barbara McClintock won the Nobel Prize in 1983 for her discovery of mobile genetic elements. Her Nobel work began in 1944, and by 1950 McClintock began presenting her work on “controlling elements.” McClintock performed her studies through the use of controlled breeding experiments with known mutant stocks, and read the action of controlling elements (transposons) in visible patterns of pigment and starch distribution. She taught close colleagues to “read” the patterns in her maize kernels, “seeing” pigment and starch genes turning on and off. McClintock illustrated her talks and papers on controlling elements or transposons with photographs of the spotted and streaked maize kernels which were both her evidence and the key to her explanations. Transposon action could be read in the patterns by the initiated, but those without step by step instruction by McClintock or experience in maize often found her presentations confusing. The photographs she displayed became both McClintock's means of communication, and a barrier to successful presentation of her results. The photographs also had a second and more subtle effect. As images of patterns arrived at through growth and development of the kernel, they highlight what McClintock believed to be the developmental consequences of transposition, which in McClintock's view was her central contribution, over the mechanism of transposition, for which she was eventually recognized by others. Scientific activities are extremely visual, both at the sites of investigation and in communication through drawings, photographs, and movies. Those visual messages deserve greater scrutiny by historians of science.
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