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  • Clarias gariepinus
  • Fish
  • Fisheries
  • Pollution
  • Springer  (14)
  • California Department of Fish and Game
  • FISON
  • Iranian Fisheries Science Research Institute
  • Lagos (Nigeria)
  • 2000-2004  (14)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regulating the global fisheries: The World Wildlife Fund, Unilever, and the Marine Stewardship Council (2000)
    Springer
    Agriculture and human values 17 (2000), S. 125-139 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8366
    Keywords: Environment ; Fisheries ; Fordism ; Nation-State ; Regulation ; Supranational State ; Transnational corporations ; Transnational State
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract This analysis uses an analytical frameworkgrounded in political economy perspectives of theglobalization of the agro-food sector combined with acase study approach focusing on the Marine StewardshipCouncil (MSC) to inform discussions regarding thecharacteristics of societal regulation in thepost-Fordist era. More specifically, this analysisuses the case of the emergence of the MSC toinvestigate propositions regarding the existence of,and location of, nascent forms of a transnationalState. The MSC proposes to regulate the certificationof sustainable fisheries at the global level throughan eco-labeling program. The MSC was created in 1996by the transnational environmental organization theWorld Wildlife Fund and the transnational corporationUnilever. The emergence of the MSC has generatedheated discussion in fisheries management circles thatis in general divided along North/South lines. Thisanalysis indicates that the case of the MSC providesvaluable insights into the possible characteristics ofsupranational regulatory mechanisms that might emulatethe role of the nation-State in the post-Fordist era.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1007625606243
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Molecular and functional characterization of a fish inducible-type nitric oxide synthase (2000)
    Springer
    Immunogenetics 51 (2000), S. 339-346 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1211
    Keywords: Key words iNOS ; Fish ; Parasite ; Evolution ; Transcription
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract  Using an oligonucleotide primer based on a partial goldfish inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) sequence, a complete carp iNOS cDNA was isolated from an activated carp phagocyte cDNA library. Nucleotide and predicted amino acid sequence analysis indicate that carp iNOS encodes a 1127-amino acid protein with 57% sequence identity to human iNOS. Like mammalian NOSs, carp iNOS protein contains putative binding sites for heme, tetrahydrobiopterin, calmodulin, flavine mononucleotide, flavine adenine dinucleotide, and NADPH. Phylogenetic analysis, using neighbor joining, showed that the carp iNOS protein clustered together with the other vertebrate iNOS proteins. Inducibility of carp iNOS was confirmed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction after stimulation of carp phagocytes with lipopolysaccharide or the protozoan blood flagellate Trypanoplasma borreli. These stimulators produced high amounts of nitric oxide that were toxic for T. borreli in vitro. The nuclear transciption factor NF-κB was shown to play a role in the induction of iNOS transcription.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002510050628
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The otic gasbladder as an ancillary auditory structure in a mormyrid fish (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of comparative physiology 186 (2000), S. 595-602 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1351
    Keywords: Key words Mormyrid ; Otic gasbladder ; Fish ; Hearing ; Auditory brainstem response
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Mormyrid fishes use acoustic signals for long-distance communication and a weakly electric field for short-distance interaction. Mormyrids are unique in having an otic gasbladder attached directly to the saccule on each side of the inner ear. Karl von Frisch (1938) hypothesized that the tightly coupled otic gasbladder might aid mormyrid hearing. Using the mormyrid fish (Brienomyrus brachyistius), this study manipulated gas in the otic gasbladder to test this hypothesis and histological sections were made to examine the anatomical relationship between the gasbladder and inner ear. The hearing sensitivity curves (audiograms) were obtained with the auditory brainstem response protocol. Audiograms were obtained from normal fish and from fish in which gas was withdrawn from either one or two otic gasbladders. Removal of gas from one otic gasbladder did not result in a significant change in either hearing ability or acoustically evoked brainwaves as compared to the control fish. Bilateral deflation of the otic gasbladders led to significant threshold changes. Histological sections revealed a particularly close coupling between the otic gasbladder and the saccule chamber. These results support von Frisch's hypothesis that the otic gasbladders of mormyrids assist in underwater sound detection.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s003590000114
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cholinergic and adrenergic tone on the heart of the Antarctic dragonfish, Gymnodraco acuticeps, living at sub-zero temperatures (2000)
    Springer
    Experimental biology online 5 (2000), S. 1-9 
    Details
    ISSN: 1430-3418
    Keywords: Antarctic ; Cardiac ; Cardiovascular ; Fish ; Heart
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Heart rate and ventral aortic blood pressures were recorded from the Antarctic dragonfish,Gymnodraco acuticeps, a member of the family Bathydraconidae. At −1.0 °C, the resting heart rate was 17.4 beats per minute and the ventral aortic pressure was 3.4 kPa. Cholinergic and adrenergic tone on the heart was determined by administration of the muscarine and ß-adrenoreceptor antagonists, atropine and sotalol, respectively. Neither antagonist influenced ventral aorta blood pressure; however, injection of atropine resulted in a significant increase in heart rate, and sotalol a decrease in heart rate. The cholinergic tone accounted for 30% of intrinsic heart rate and the adrenergic tone 26% of intrinsic heart rate. Comparison of these cardiac data with those for other teleosts from a wide range of thermal environments revealed no significant correlation for either cholinergic or adrenergic tone with body temperature (i.e. thermal independence); however, the resting and intrinsic heart rate of teleosts were strongly correlated with temperature.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00898-000-0003-6
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Impact of polluted canal water on adjacent soil and groundwater systems (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 945-950 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Water quality ; Heavy metals ; Pollution ; Groundwater ; Canal water ; Soils
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002549900069
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Investigation of the impact of salt and sand harvesting activities on the Timboni well field, Gongoni, Malindi District, Kenya (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 40 (2000), S. 99-110 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Keywords Freshwater aquifer ; Sand harvesting ; Salt harvesting ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  The area studied is a north–south oriented, V-shaped, clayey lagoonal depression bordered by Pleistocene sands on the west and Recent dune sands on the east. The freshwater aquifer in the area is the main source of potable water for the urban centres of Gongoni and Timboni and the main Mombasa Salt Works processing plant. The aim of the study was to look at the impact of sand harvesting, and possible saline contamination of the aquifer by activities at the nearby salt harvesting plant and by seawater intrusion. The major factor abetting pollution of the freshwater aquifer is the sand harvesting activity, which exposes the aquifer to the atmosphere. Extension of the salt works closer to the aquifer field, combined with high abstraction rates, may also lead to saline water intrusion and contamination of the aquifer.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540000192
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Svalbard western coast: site of baseline geochemistry and incipient contamination (2000)
    Springer
    Environmental geology 39 (2000), S. 816-822 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0495
    Keywords: Key words Heavy metals ; Arctic ; Isfjorden ; Sediment ; Pollution
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract  Potentially toxic metals tracked by the Arctic Monitoring and Assessment Program were analysed in sediments from the Svalbard western coastal zone. These include As and Hg found as contaminants in other Arctic seas as well as other elements (e.g. Pb, V, Cu, Zn, Cr, Ni). Svalbard shelf sediments contain average values of 12 ppm As, 12 ppm Pb, 56 ppb Hg and 114 ppm V. These values increase in Isfjorden sediments to 15 ppm As, 28 ppm Pb, 99 ppb Hg and 210 ppm V. Cluster analysis yields a major cluster that is likely related to clay minerals (Al, K, Ti, Mg) and sorption onto them of transition (Cu, V, Cr, Sc) and other elements (Pb, Rb). A second significant cluster includes Ca, Sr and plagioclase. The Svalbard western shelf is a natural geochemical environment. The possible incipient contamination of fjord sediments by As, Pb, Hg and V should be evaluated for possible links to anthropogenic sources. If links are found, remediation must be used to stop the input and preserve a pristine Svalbard fjord environment.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002540050498
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Adaptive variation in energy acquisition and allocation among latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside (2000)
    Springer
    Oecologia 122 (2000), S. 210-219 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1939
    Keywords: Key words Countergradient variation ; Fish ; Growth ; Life history ; Energetics
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Understanding the evolution of growth rate requires knowledge of the physiology of growth. This study explored the physiological basis of countergradient variation (CnGV) in somatic growth across latitudinal populations of the Atlantic silverside, Menidia menidia. Energetics of northern (Nova Scotia, Canada) and southern (South Carolina, USA) genotypes were compared across resource levels, temperatures, and fish sizes to identify trade-offs to rapid growth. Offered unlimited resources, genotypes differed in both energy acquisition and allocation. Food consumption, growth, and efficiency of northern genotypes were consistently higher than in southern genotypes, across temperatures and body sizes. Feeding metabolism (specific dynamic action; SDA) was proportional to meal size, differing between genotypes to the extent that food consumption differed. Given limited resources, northern and southern genotypes displayed similar growth, efficiency, routine activity, and SDA across temperatures and fish sizes. Routine metabolism was equal at 17°C and 22°C, yet was significantly higher in northern fish at 28°C. Growth rates in M. menidia do not appear to trade off across environments or body sizes, i.e., at no temperature, ration, or size do southern fish outgrow northern conspecifics. Nor does submaximal growth result from increased costs of maintenance, tissue synthesis, or routine activity. Based on our findings, we propose that CnGV consumption and growth in M. menidia likely result from trade-offs with other energetic components, namely sustained and burst swimming.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/PL00008848
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Kin recognition in rainbowfish (Melanotaenia eachamensis): sex, sibs and shoaling (2000)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 48 (2000), S. 385-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Key words Kin recognition ; Inbreeding avoidance ; Shoaling ; Fish ; Group living
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  Living with relatives can be beneficial to individuals via the evolution of kin-directed altruism, but this is tempered by the increased risk of inbreeding. Therefore, in social species, the ability to recognise relatives can be highly advantageous. This study focuses on kin discrimination in the Lake Eacham rainbowfish, Melanotaenia eachamensis, an endangered freshwater species from north-east Queensland, Australia. First, I examined kin recognition abilities when a combination of both chemical and visual recognition cues was available. When given a choice of shoaling with same-sex groups, females spent significantly longer with full-sibs rather than half-sibs, full-sibs rather than non-relatives and half-sibs rather than non-relatives. Males spent significantly longer shoaling with full-brothers versus half-brothers, but showed no other shoalmate preferences. Second, in the presence of only chemical cues, females did not discriminate among groups of different levels of relatedness, but males showed a non-significant tendency to associate with full-sibs rather than non-relatives. Male shoaling behaviour seemed to be more influenced by factors other than relatedness, e.g. intra-sexual competition. Finally, I found that the shoaling preferences of females changed when exposed to groups of males. Females preferred to associate with non-relatives rather than half-brothers and non-relatives rather than full-brothers. There was no significant difference in the time spent with half-brothers versus full-brothers. Taken together, my results suggest that females have very good kin recognition abilities. They prefer to shoal with female relatives but avoid male relatives, and so are able to balance the benefits of nepotism and the costs of incest.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650000253
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sperm characteristics associated with different male reproductive tactics in bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus) (2000)
    Springer
    Behavioral ecology and sociobiology 49 (2000), S. 31-37 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0762
    Keywords: Keywords Sperm competition ; Sperm ; Fish ; Alternative reproductive strategies
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract  We examined the availability and motility of sperm from parental and sneaker male bluegills (Lepomis macrochirus), a colonially nesting sunfish (Family Centrarchidae) with male parental care and a high incidence of cuckoldry by both sneaker and satellite males. We found no differences between sneakers and parentals in length and swimming speed of sperm, or percent and duration of sperm activity. In sneaker milt, however, sperm was almost 50% more concentrated than in parental milt (16.5×106 vs 11.5×106 sperm/µl of milt, respectively). Despite this difference in sperm concentration, stripped ejaculates from sneakers contained almost 400 million fewer sperm (only 32% as many sperm) than those from parentals due to their much smaller stripped ejaculate volumes (only about 19% that of parentals). Thus unless sneakers can compensate by releasing more sperm or gaining closer proximity to eggs at the time of spawning, they may be at a disadvantage with respect to sperm competition. We discuss these results in relation to models for the evolution of alternative reproductive behaviours in this species and suggest that the cuckolders may be making the best of a bad situation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002650000268
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