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  • Chemistry  (13,366)
  • Astrophysics  (1,387)
  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy
  • Cell & Developmental Biology
  • Mice
  • 2000-2004  (2,906)
  • 1950-1954  (9,876)
  • 1945-1949  (4,111)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The consequences of the mutual recognition of measurement standards for international metrology (2000)
    Springer
    Accreditation and quality assurance 5 (2000), S. 409-413 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0517
    Keywords: Key words Metrology ; Comparisons ; Chemistry ; Standards
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract  After stressing the importance in the modern world of accurate and reproducible measurements, the actions taken by the Bureau International des Poids et Mesures to set up, together with the regional metrology organizations, a series of key comparisons are described. They are the technical foundation of a mutual recognition of national measurement standards arrangement prepared in conjunction with the National Metrology Institutes (NMIs). This arrangement also includes the recognition of calibration and measurement certificates issued by these institutes. Then, the consequences of this arrangement for trade are described. The case of chemical analysis is illustrated by the application of the Kyoto protocol on the reduction of greenhouse gases. But the global workload to be taken up by the International Committee of Weights and Measures, its Consultative Committee for Amount of Substance and the NMIs is huge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s007690000228
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutralizing antibody provided protection against enterovirus type 71 lethal challenge in neonatal mice (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of biomedical science 7 (2000), S. 523-528 
    Details
    ISSN: 1423-0127
    Keywords: Enterovirus type 71 ; Experimental infection ; Mice ; Neutralizing antibody ; Vaccine
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Experimental infection with enterovirus type 71 (EV71) induced death in neonatal mice in an age- and dose-dependent manner. The mortality rate was 100% following intraperitoneal inoculation 1-day-old ICR mice and this gradually decreased as the age at the time of inoculation increased (60% in 3-day-old mice and no deaths occurred in mice older than 6 days of age). A lethal dose greater than 108 PFU was necessary. Lethargy, failure to gain weight, rear limb tremors and paralysis were observed in the infected mice before death. EV71 was isolated from various tissues of the dead mice. Using a reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction technique with a specific primer pair, a 332-bp product was detected in the tissues that produced a culture positive for EV71. Protection against EV71 challenge in neonatal mice was demonstrated following passive transfer of serum from actively immunized adult mice 1 day after inoculation with the virus. Pups from hyperimmune dams were resistant to EV71 challenge. Additionally, maternal immunization with a formalin-inactivated whole-virus vaccine prolonged the survival of pups after EV71 lethal challenge.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02253368
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Co-housing in a stable hierarchical group is not aversive for dominant and subordinate individuals (2000)
    Springer
    Neuroscience and behavioral physiology 30 (2000), S. 195-200 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-899X
    Keywords: Mice ; dominance ; subordinacy ; stress ; aggression ; locomotor activity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract The behavior of individaals and their responses to external stimuli are controlled by the microsocial environment, which for most mammals is associated with dominant-subordinate relationships. Physiological and behavioral differences between dominant and subordinate individuals may be ‘primary’ (genetically determined) or ‘secondary’ (due to position in the group's hierarchical structure). A series of experiments was conducted to investigate the physiological (pain response threshold), immunological (thymus, spleen weights, primary immune response), and behavioral (motor activity, behavior in a shuttle box test) characteristics of dominant and subordinate individuals in groups of three laboratory mice formed on the basis of linear hierarchy. Assessment of the effects of group conditions was made using a conditioned reflex location preference test. The results showed: 1) there are no statistically significant differences in physiological and behavioral (except for motor activity) parameters between dominant and subordinate mice; 2) co-housing of dominant and subordinate individuals in groups with stable hierarchical relationships was not aversive for them.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02463158
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Shower Meteoroids: Constraints From Interplanetary Dust Particles And Leonid Meteors (2000)
    Springer
    Earth, moon and planets 88 (2000), S. 35-58 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0794
    Keywords: Chemistry ; interplanetary dust particles (IDPs) ; Leonids ; meteor trails ; meteoroids ; meteors ; structure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract The cometary Leonid meteoroids represent a size range in between largest carbon-richIDPs and the smallest CI meteorites. Their dustball structure and chemistry offer anopportunity to constrain hierarchical dust accretion inferred from petrologic studies ofaggregate and cluster IDPs. The Leonid shower meteoroids of known ``comet ejection''ages provide an opportunity to study space weathering of cometary dust over periodsof up to several hundred years. The meteors and aggregate and cluster IDPs displaycontinuous thermal modification of organics and volatile element (Na, K-bearing phases), that occur as discrete minerals and amorphous solids each different response during kinetically controlled ablation. Leonid meteoroids are not excessively Na-rich. The occurrences of Leonid meteors can now be accurate predicted and combined withknowledge better models for the settling rates, collections of surviving dust becomea comet nucleus-sampling mission.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1013862627781
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Masthead (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949) 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210101
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Baro-Photometer zur Messung kleinster Druckunterschiede unabhängig vom Gesamtdruck (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 6-8 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Die Anordnung dient zur Messung von Dampfdruckerniedrigungen verdünnter Lösungen (10-3 Mol/l) insbesondere assoziierender Substanzen. Es wurde eine Meßanordnung entwickelt, in der die durch kleine Druckdifferenzen verursachte Ausbuchtung der Wölbung des Meniskus eines Hg-Manometers nach dem Prinzip eines Photometers lichtelektrisch mit einem Vakuumthermoelement gemessen wird. Die Anordnung gestattet unabhängig vom Gesamtdruck noch Druckschwankungen von 10-4 mm Hg zu messen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Regeleinrichtungen bei diskontinuierlich und kontinuierlich arbeitenden Fraktionierkolonnen für Laboratorium und halbtechnischen BetriebMitteilung aus dem Laboratorium der Ruhrchemie AG., Oberhausen-HoltenAuszug aus einem Vortrag auf der „Apparatebau-Tagung“ der Techn. Hochschule Karlsruhe in Ettlingen b. Karlsruhe am 25. Sept. 1947; vgl. den Tagungsbericht, diese Ztschr. 20, 23/28 (1948). (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 9-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Es werden einige Regeleinrichtungen besprochen, die zum Aufbau von im wesentlichen automatisch arbeitenden Destillationskolonnen sowohl für diskontinuierlichen als auch für kontinuierlichen Betrieb führten.
    Additional Material: 9 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210104
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die chemische Verarbeitung des Ferngases (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 1-6 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Unsere wichtigsten chemischen Großsynthesen gehen von Acetylen bzw. vom Kohlenoxyd-Wasserstoff-Gemisch aus. Die Arbeiten im letzten Jahrzehnt bezweckten, diese Rohstoffe unmittelbar aus dem Ferngas zu gewinnen. Von den entwickelten Verfahren verdient insbesondere das Sauerstoff-Verfahren Beachtung. Es liefert ein Synthesegas mit nur noch 0,2% Methan und ist unempfindlich gegen den im Ferngas vorhandenen organischen Schwefel. Eine etwa folgende Umsetzung des Kohlenoxydes mit Wasserdampf zu CO2 und Wasserstoff kann in unmittelbarem Ánschluß an der Kohlenwasserstoff-Spaltung vorgenommen werden, so daß kein neuer Dampfverbrauch auftritt. Während in der folgenden Arbeit über das Verfahren zur Verarbeitung des gesamten Ferngases auf Kohlenoxyd und Wasserstoff berichtet wird, wird in einer weiteren Arbeit die chemische Verwertung der einzelnen Bestandteile des Ferngases behandelt.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210102
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Die neuere Entwicklung der Herstellung und Anwendung von Sauerstoff in den Vereinigten Staaten von Amerika (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 19-24 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Nach den verfügbaren amerikanischen Quellen wird zusammenfassend über die seit etwa 1940 in Amerika erreichten Fortschritte auf dem Gebiet der Sauerstoff-Erzeugung und -Anwendung berichtet, besonders über Versuche an Austauschböden und Trennkolonnen für kleinere, meist leichtbewegliche Anlagen, über die Mittel zur Kälteerzeugung, über die Herstellung und den Versand von flüssigem Sauerstoff sowie über die unmittelbare Erzeugung von hochkomprimiertem Sauerstoff für die Flaschenfüllung durch Verdampfung des flüssigen Sauerstoffs im Zerlegungsapparat. Weiter wird ein neuer Austauschertyp besprochen und auf neu erschlossene Anwendungsgebiete für billigen, mäßig reinen Sauerstoff hingewiesen.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210106
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verhalten „kohlenoxydfester“ Werkstoffe gegenüber Wassergas bei extremen Bedingungen (1949)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Chemie Ingenieur Technik - CIT 21 (1949), S. 15-18 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-286X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Industrial Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Bei Kohlenoxyd-Hydrierungen unter Drucken zwischen 300 und 1000 at und Temperaturen über 400° erwiesen sich z. T. sog. „kohlenoxydfeste“ metallische Werkstoffe, insbesondere Stähle mit mehr als 13% Chrom, für den praktischen Betrieb als ungeeignet, obwohl sie anscheinend von Kohlenoxyd nicht abgebaut wurden. Es wurden daher 20 derartige Stähle und 6 eisenfreie Metallproben gegenüber Wassergas bei 1000 at und Temperaturen zwischen 300 und 450° untersucht und aus den Ergebnissen Folgerungen für die praktische Verwendungsmöglichkeit im Apparafebau gezogen.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cite.330210105
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