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  • Other Sources  (19)
  • National Academy of Sciences
  • Oxford University Press
  • Taylor & Francis
  • 2000-2004  (19)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1
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    Doing Science (2001)
    Oxford University Press
    In:  New York, 294 pp., Oxford University Press, vol. 26, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN 0-521-62434-7 hc (0-521-62478-9 pb))
    Details
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: outreach ; communication ; publishing
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 2
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    Expert Systems and Geographic Information Systems for Impact Assessment (2004)
    Taylor & Francis
    In:  London, New York, Taylor & Francis, vol. 70, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 1039-1054, (ISBN 0-415-30725-2, 0-415-30724-4 (400 pp.))
    Details
    Publication Date: 2004
    Description: The field of impact assessment is becoming increasingly important in a wide variety of applied disciplines. Some of the examples discussed in this book include air and noise pollution, terrestrial ecology, landscape, socio-economic impacts, traffic, hydrogeology and coastal waters. The authors come from the School of Planning at Oxford Brookes University. The book grew out of a project to evaluate the pros and cons of using expert systems (ES) and geographic information systems (GIS) to a task that had traditionally been carried out by experts without the benefit of GIS. The book caught my eye, because of my own interest in applying ES and GIS to mineral resource assessment. The accepted wisdom is that expert systems are useful and applicable in situations where a task can be carried out by an expert in a matter of a few hours. The task must be well defined, with well-established procedures for its solution. There should be agreement among experts on how the problem should be solved. The solution should not be based on "common sense", because this generally implies that the problem is too broad and diffuse to be encoded with rules. Although impact assessments have been around for some time, particularly in North America, it is a relatively new process and the definition and codification of assessments has not reached a generally accepted state. Furthermore, ...
    Keywords: Textbook of informatics ; Textbook of geography ; GIS ; Expert systems ; socio-economic ; impact
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    BIBLIOGRAPHY SEISMOLOGY
  • 3
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    Membrane lipid patterns typify distinct anaerobic methanotrophic consortia (2004)
    National Academy of Sciences
    In:  PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 101 (30). pp. 11111-11116.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-06-28
    Description: The anaerobic oxidation of methane (AOM) is one of the major sinks of this substantial greenhouse gas in marine environments. Recent investigations have shown that diverse communities of anaerobic archaea and sulfate-reducing bacteria are involved in AOM. Most of the relevant archaea are assigned to two distinct phylogenetic clusters, ANME-1 and ANME-2. A suite of specific 13C-depleted lipids demonstrating the presence of consortia mediating AOM in fossil and recent environments has been established. Here we report on substantial differences in the lipid composition of microbial consortia sampled from distinct compartments of AOM-driven carbonate reefs growing in the northwestern Black Sea. Communities in which the dominant archaea are from the ANME-1 cluster yield internally cyclized tetraether lipids typical of thermophiles. Those in which ANME-2 archaea are dominant yield sn-2-hydroxyarchaeol accompanied by crocetane and crocetenes. The bacterial lipids from these communities are also distinct even though the sulfate-reducing bacteria all belong to the Desulfosarcina/Desulfococcus group. Nonisoprenoidal glycerol diethers are predominantly associated with ANME-1-dominated communities. Communities with ANME-2 yield mainly conventional, ester-linked diglycerides. ANME-1 archaea and associated sulfate-reducing bacteria seem to be enabled to use low concentrations of methane and to grow within a broad range of temperatures. Our results offer a tool for the study of recent and especially of fossil methane environments.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    PAPER (OCEANREP)
  • 4
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    Predator diversity hotspots in the blue ocean (2003)
    National Academy of Sciences
    In:  PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100 . pp. 9884-9888.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-01-21
    Description: Concentrations of biodiversity, or hotspots, represent conservation priorities in terrestrial ecosystems but remain largely unexplored in marine habitats. In the open ocean, many large predators such as tunas, sharks, billfishes, and sea turtles are of current conservation concern because of their vulnerability to overfishing and ecosystem role. Here we use scientific-observer records from pelagic longline fisheries in the Atlantic and Pacific Oceans to show that oceanic predators concentrate in distinct diversity hotspots. Predator diversity consistently peaks at intermediate latitudes (20–30° N and S), where tropical and temperate species ranges overlap. Individual hotspots are found close to prominent habitat features such as reefs, shelf breaks, or seamounts and often coincide with zooplankton and coral reef hotspots. Closed-area models in the northwest Atlantic predict that protection of hotspots outperforms other area closures in safeguarding threatened pelagic predators from ecological extinction. We conclude that the seemingly monotonous landscape of the open ocean shows rich structure in species diversity and that these features should be used to focus future conservation efforts.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 5
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    Legionella pneumophila: an aquatic microbe goes astray (2002)
    Oxford University Press
    In:  FEMS Microbiology Reviews, 26 (2). pp. 149-162.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: Legionella pneumophila is naturally found in fresh water were the bacteria parasitize within protozoa. It also survives planctonically in water or biofilms. Upon aerosol formation via man-made water systems, L. pneumophila can enter the human lung and cause a severe form of pneumonia, called Legionnaires’ disease. The pathogenesis of Legionnaires’ disease is largely due to the ability of L. pneumophila to invade and grow within macrophages. An important characteristic of the intracellular survival strategy is the replication within the host vacuole that does not fuse with endosomes or lysosomes. In recent times a great number of bacterial virulence factors which affect growth of L. pneumophila in both macrophages and protozoa have been identified. The ongoing Legionella genome project and the use of genetically tractable surrogate hosts are expected to significantly contribute to the understanding of bacterium–host interactions and the regulation of virulence traits during the infection cycle. Since person-to-person transmission of legionellosis has never been observed, the measures for disease prevention have concentrated on eliminating the pathogen from water supplies. In this respect detection and analysis of Legionella in complex environmental consortia become increasingly important. With the availability of new molecular tools this area of applied research has gained new momentum.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 6
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    The North Atlantic Oscillation: Past, present, and future (2001)
    National Academy of Sciences
    In:  PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 98 (23). pp. 12876-12877.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-14
    Description: The climate of the Atlantic sector exhibits considerable variability on a wide range of time scales. A substantial portion is associated with the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO), a hemispheric meridional oscillation in atmospheric mass with centers of action near Iceland and over the subtropical Atlantic. NAO-related impacts on winter climate extend from Florida to Greenland and from northwestern Africa over Europe far into northern Asia. Over the last 3 decades, the phase of the NAO has been shifting from mostly negative to mostly positive index values. Much remains to be learned about the mechanisms that produce such low frequency changes in the North Atlantic climate, but it seems increasingly likely that human activities are playing a significant role. When the North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) is in its positive phase, low-pressure anomalies over the Icelandic region and throughout the Arctic combine with high-pressure anomalies across the subtropical Atlantic to produce stronger-than-average westerlies across the midlatitudes. During a positive NAO, conditions are colder and drier than average over the northwestern Atlantic and Mediterranean regions, whereas conditions are warmer and wetter than average in northern Europe, the eastern United States, and parts of Scandinavia (Fig. 1 top). Walker and Bliss (1) were among the first to recognize and study this pattern of climate anomalies, which is most pronounced during boreal winter (December through March).
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 7
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    Phylogeny and distribution of the soxB gene among thiosulfate-oxidizing bacteria (2001)
    Oxford University Press
    In:  FEMS Microbiology Letters, 197 . pp. 171-178.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2019-08-05
    Description: A PCR protocol for the detection of sulfur-oxidizing bacteria based on soxB genes that are essential for thiosulfate oxidation by sulfur-oxidizing bacteria of various phylogenetic groups which use the 'Paracoccus sulfur oxidation' pathway was developed. Five degenerate primers were used to specifically amplify fragments of soxB genes from different sulfur-oxidizing bacteria previously shown to oxidize thiosulfate. The PCR yielded a soxB fragment of approximately 1000 bp from most of the bacteria. Amino acid and nucleotide sequences of soxB from reference strains as well as from new isolates and environmental DNA from a hydrothermal vent habitat in the North Fiji Basin were compared and used to infer relationships of soxB between sulfur-oxidizing bacteria belonging to various 16S rDNA-based phylogenetic groups. Major phylogenetic lines derived from 16S rDNA were confirmed by soxB phylogeny. Thiosulfate-oxidizing green sulfur bacteria formed a coherent group by their soxB sequences. Likewise, clearly separated branches demonstrated the distant relationship of representatives of alpha-, beta-, and gamma-Proteobacteria including representative species of the former genus Thiobacillus (now Halothiobacillus - gamma-Proteobacteria, Thiobacillus - beta-Proteobacteria and Starkeya - alpha-Proteobacteria). This general picture emerged although apparent evidence for lateral transfer of the soxB gene is indicated and comparison of soxB phylogeny and 16S rDNA phylogeny points to the significance of this gene transfer in hydrothermal vent bacterial communities of the North Fiji Basin.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 8
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    Pseudo-cryptic speciation in coccolithophores (2003)
    National Academy of Sciences
    In:  PNAS Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 100 (12). pp. 7163-7168.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2016-11-23
    Description: Coccolithophores are a group of calcifying unicellular algae that constitute a major fraction of oceanic primary productivity, play an important role in the global carbon cycle, and are key biostratigraphic marker fossils. Their taxonomy is primarily based on the morphology of the minute calcite plates, or coccoliths, covering the cell. These are diverse and include widespread fine scale variation, of which the biological/taxonomic significance is unknown. Do they represent phenotypic plasticity, genetic polymorphisms, or species-specific characters? Our research on five commonly occurring coccolithophores supports the hypothesis that such variation represents pseudocryptic speciation events, occurring between 0.3 and 12.9 million years ago from a molecular clock estimation. This finding suggests strong stabilizing selection acting on coccolithophorid phenotypes. Our results also provide strong support for the use of fine scale morphological characters of coccoliths in the fossil record to improve biostratigraphic resolution and paleoceanographic data retrieval.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 9
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    Planktonic egg masses of the diamond-shaped squid Thysanoteuthis rhombus in the eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean Sea (2002)
    Oxford University Press
    In:  Journal of Plankton Research, 24 (4). pp. 333-338.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-02
    Description: Eight planktonic egg masses of the diamond-shaped Thysanoteuthis rhombus observed from 1995 to 2000 are described. Four were found in the western Mediterranean and the others were found off the Canary Islands. The egg masses from the Canary Islands are the first records for the eastern Atlantic. All were found near the surface at the end of summer and the beginning of autumn. The planktonic egg masses were dense, resilient oblong cylinders with rounded tips ranging from 80 to 130 cm in length and between 15 and 20 cm in diameter. Egg capsule dimensions ranged from 2.8 to 3.4 mm and total length of the newly hatched paralarvae was between 2.5 and 2.8 mm. Each egg mass contained an estimated 24 100–43 800 eggs. Some new characters that should help identification of the paralarvae, such as arm formulae, presence of an incipient keel-shaped membrane on some arms, and the type and chromatophore pattern are given. Ecological factors influencing the presence and distribution of these egg masses are discussed.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 10
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    Functional morphology, ecology, and evolution of the Scaphitaceae Gill, 1871 (cephalopoda) (2000)
    Oxford University Press
    In:  Journal of Molluscan Studies, 66 (2). pp. 205-216.
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-28
    Description: Scaphitids are heteromorph ammonites exhibiting morphological trends counter to of those of the other main heteromorph ammonite groups. These trends include the shortening of the body chamber, lateral compression of the whorl, closure of the coil, and more regular, spiral coiling. Scaphitid-like morphologies may have appeared in other heteromorphs, but the Scaphitaceae are monophyletic. The most primitive scaphitids are known from the Albian, but an important radiation occurred in the Western Interior Seaway of North America from the Santonian to Maastrichtian, some of which spread to the Old World. The scaphitid morphology is consistent with improved swimming abilities, but scaphitids remained associated with the seafloor and are best considered to have been nektobenthos similar to modern nautiluses.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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