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  • Articles  (1,074)
  • Male  (822)
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  • Articles  (1,074)
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  • 1
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2004-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hill, Geoffrey E -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2201-2.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biological Science, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA. ghill@acesag.auburn.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15619587" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Carotenoids/*analysis ; Feathers/*chemistry/growth & development ; Female ; Hydrogen/*analysis ; Isotopes ; Life Cycle Stages ; Male ; *Molting ; Pigmentation ; *Reproduction ; Seasons ; Songbirds/growth & development/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 2
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: Diving mosasaurs, plesiosaurs, and humans develop dysbaric osteonecrosis from end-artery nitrogen embolism ("the bends") in certain bones. Sixteen sperm whales from calves to large adults showed a size-related development of osteonecrosis in chevron and rib bone articulations, deltoid crests, and nasal bones. Occurrence in animals from the Pacific and Atlantic oceans over 111 years made a pathophysiological diagnosis of dysbarism most likely. Decompression avoidance therefore may constrain diving behavior. This suggests why some deep-diving mammals show periodic shallow-depth activity and why gas emboli are found in animals driven to surface precipitously by acoustic stressors such as mid-frequency sonar systems.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Moore, Michael J -- Early, Greg A -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2215.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. mmoore@whoi.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618509" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Atlantic Ocean ; Body Size ; Bone Density ; Bone Remodeling ; Bone and Bones/*pathology ; Decompression Sickness/complications/pathology/*veterinary ; *Diving ; Female ; Male ; Osteonecrosis/etiology/pathology/*veterinary ; Pacific Ocean ; *Whales/anatomy & histology/physiology
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 3
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Cho, Adrian -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2169.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618491" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Accidents, Occupational ; Burns, Electric/*etiology ; California ; Humans ; Laboratories/organization & administration/*standards ; Male ; *Particle Accelerators
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: Toward the end of the breeding season, migratory songbirds face crucial tradeoffs between the timing of reproduction, molt, and migration. Using stable hydrogen isotopes, we show that male American redstarts investing in high levels of reproduction late in the season adopt a unique strategy of combining molt and migration. Tail feathers molted during migration also reflect less orange-red light, indicating reduced carotenoid concentration. Thus, we show how reproduction in a migratory animal can influence both life history strategies (location of molt) and social signals (feather color) during subsequent periods of the annual cycle.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Norris, D Ryan -- Marra, Peter P -- Montgomerie, Robert -- Kyser, T Kurt -- Ratcliffe, Laurene M -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2249-50.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario K7L 3N6, Canada. ryann@biology.queensu.ca〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618516" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: *Animal Migration ; Animals ; Breeding ; Carotenoids/*analysis ; Feathers/*chemistry ; Female ; Hydrogen/analysis ; Isotopes ; Life Cycle Stages ; Male ; *Molting ; *Pigmentation ; *Reproduction ; Seasons ; Songbirds/growth & development/*physiology ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: The ablation of the protein kinase Raf-1 renders cells hypersensitive to apoptosis despite normal regulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases, which suggests that apoptosis protection is mediated by a distinct pathway. We used proteomic analysis of Raf-1 signaling complexes to show that Raf-1 counteracts apoptosis by suppressing the activation of mammalian sterile 20-like kinase (MST2). Raf-1 prevents dimerization and phosphorylation of the activation loop of MST2 independently of its protein kinase activity. Depletion of MST2 from Raf-1-/- mouse or human cells abrogated sensitivity to apoptosis, whereas overexpression of MST2 induced apoptosis. Conversely, depletion of Raf-1 from Raf-1+/+ mouse or human cells led to MST2 activation and apoptosis. The concomitant depletion of both Raf-1 and MST2 prevented apoptosis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉O'Neill, Eric -- Rushworth, Linda -- Baccarini, Manuela -- Kolch, Walter -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2267-70.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow G61 1BD, UK.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618521" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Animals ; Antigens, CD95/metabolism ; *Apoptosis ; COS Cells ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Dimerization ; Humans ; Mice ; Phosphorylation ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases/genetics/*metabolism ; Proteomics ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf/genetics/*metabolism ; RNA, Small Interfering ; Signal Transduction ; Staurosporine/pharmacology ; Transfection
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: Binding of Sonic Hedgehog (Shh) to Patched (Ptc) relieves the latter's tonic inhibition of Smoothened (Smo), a receptor that spans the cell membrane seven times. This initiates signaling which, by unknown mechanisms, regulates vertebrate developmental processes. We find that two molecules interact with mammalian Smo in an activation-dependent manner: G protein-coupled receptor kinase 2 (GRK2) leads to phosphorylation of Smo, and beta-arrestin 2 fused to green fluorescent protein interacts with Smo. These two processes promote endocytosis of Smo in clathrin-coated pits. Ptc inhibits association of beta-arrestin 2 with Smo, and this inhibition is relieved in cells treated with Shh. A Smo agonist stimulated and a Smo antagonist (cyclopamine) inhibited both phosphorylation of Smo by GRK2 and interaction of beta-arrestin 2 with Smo. beta-Arrestin 2 and GRK2 are thus potential mediators of signaling by activated Smo.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Chen, Wei -- Ren, Xiu-Rong -- Nelson, Christopher D -- Barak, Larry S -- Chen, James K -- Beachy, Philip A -- de Sauvage, Frederic -- Lefkowitz, Robert J -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2257-60.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. w.chen@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618519" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Arrestins/*metabolism ; Cell Line ; Cell Membrane/*metabolism ; Clathrin/metabolism ; Coated Pits, Cell-Membrane/metabolism ; Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases/*metabolism ; Cyclohexylamines/pharmacology ; Cytosol/metabolism ; Dynamins/metabolism ; Endocytosis ; Hedgehog Proteins ; Humans ; Membrane Proteins/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Receptors, Cell Surface ; Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled/*metabolism ; Recombinant Fusion Proteins/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Thiophenes/pharmacology ; Trans-Activators/metabolism ; Transfection ; Veratrum Alkaloids/pharmacology ; beta-Adrenergic Receptor Kinases
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2004-12-25
    Description: P-type ATPases extract energy by hydrolysis of adenosine triphosphate (ATP) in two steps, formation and breakdown of a covalent phosphoenzyme intermediate. This process drives active transport and countertransport of the cation pumps. We have determined the crystal structure of rabbit sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca2+ adenosine triphosphatase in complex with aluminum fluoride, which mimics the transition state of hydrolysis of the counterion-bound (protonated) phosphoenzyme. On the basis of structural analysis and biochemical data, we find this form to represent an occluded state of the proton counterions. Hydrolysis is catalyzed by the conserved Thr-Gly-Glu-Ser motif, and it exploits an associative nucleophilic reaction mechanism of the same type as phosphoryl transfer from ATP. On this basis, we propose a general mechanism of occluded transition states of Ca2+ transport and H+ countertransport coupled to phosphorylation and dephosphorylation, respectively.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Olesen, Claus -- Sorensen, Thomas Lykke-Moller -- Nielsen, Rikke Christina -- Moller, Jesper Vuust -- Nissen, Poul -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 24;306(5705):2251-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Centre for Structural Biology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Gustav Wieds Vej 10C, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15618517" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Diphosphate/chemistry/metabolism ; Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Aluminum Compounds/chemistry ; Amino Acid Motifs ; Animals ; Binding Sites ; Biological Transport, Active ; Calcium/metabolism ; Calcium-Transporting ATPases/*chemistry/*metabolism ; Chemistry, Physical ; Crystallization ; Crystallography, X-Ray ; Cytoplasm/metabolism ; Fluorides/chemistry ; Hydrolysis ; Ion Transport ; Models, Chemical ; Models, Molecular ; Phosphorylation ; Physicochemical Phenomena ; Protein Conformation ; Protein Structure, Tertiary ; *Protons ; Rabbits ; Sarcoplasmic Reticulum/enzymology ; Thapsigargin ; Thermodynamics
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 8
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Publication Date: 2004-12-18
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉York, John D -- Hunter, Tony -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2053-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA. yorkj@duke.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604398" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Cell Membrane/metabolism ; Inositol/chemistry ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Models, Biological ; Molecular Conformation ; Nuclear Proteins/*metabolism ; Phosphates/*metabolism ; Phosphatidylinositols/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/*metabolism ; Second Messenger Systems ; Serine/metabolism ; *Signal Transduction
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2004-12-18
    Description: The inositol pyrophosphates IP7 and IP8 contain highly energetic pyrophosphate bonds. Although implicated in various biologic functions, their molecular sites of action have not been clarified. Using radiolabeled IP7, we detected phosphorylation of multiple eukaryotic proteins. We also observed phosphorylation of endogenous proteins by endogenous IP7 in yeast. Phosphorylation by IP7 is nonenzymatic and may represent a novel intracellular signaling mechanism.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Saiardi, Adolfo -- Bhandari, Rashna -- Resnick, Adam C -- Snowman, Adele M -- Snyder, Solomon H -- DA00074/DA/NIDA NIH HHS/ -- MH068830-02/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- MH18501/MH/NIMH NIH HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2101-5.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University, School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604408" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adenosine Triphosphate/metabolism ; Amino Acid Sequence ; Amino Acid Substitution ; Animals ; Drosophila Proteins/metabolism ; Drosophila melanogaster ; Escherichia coli Proteins/metabolism ; Humans ; Inositol Phosphates/*metabolism ; Kinetics ; Magnesium/metabolism ; Mice ; Molecular Sequence Data ; Mutation ; Nuclear Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Phosphates/metabolism ; Phosphorylation ; Phosphotransferases (Phosphate Group Acceptor)/metabolism ; Protein Kinases/genetics/metabolism ; Proteins/*metabolism ; RNA-Binding Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae/metabolism ; Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins/chemistry/*metabolism ; Serine/metabolism ; Signal Transduction ; Temperature
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2004-12-18
    Description: The amygdala was more responsive to fearful (larger) eye whites than to happy (smaller) eye whites presented in a masking paradigm that mitigated subjects' awareness of their presence and aberrant nature. These data demonstrate that the amygdala is responsive to elements of.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Whalen, Paul J -- Kagan, Jerome -- Cook, Robert G -- Davis, F Caroline -- Kim, Hackjin -- Polis, Sara -- McLaren, Donald G -- Somerville, Leah H -- McLean, Ashly A -- Maxwell, Jeffrey S -- Johnstone, Tom -- 01866/PHS HHS/ -- 069315/PHS HHS/ -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 2004 Dec 17;306(5704):2061.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Department of Psychiatry, W. M. Keck Laboratory for Brain Imaging and Behavior, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI, USA. pwhalen@wisc.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/15604401" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Adult ; Amygdala/*physiology ; *Facial Expression ; *Fear ; Female ; Happiness ; Humans ; Magnetic Resonance Imaging ; Male ; Pattern Recognition, Visual ; Perceptual Masking ; *Sclera
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
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