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  • pheromone  (74)
  • Springer  (74)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS)
  • 2000-2004  (14)
  • 1975-1979  (60)
Collection
Publisher
  • Springer  (74)
  • American Chemical Society
  • American Geophysical Union
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • Public Library of Science (PLoS)
Years
Year
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Entomologia experimentalis et applicata 94 (2000), S. 269-282 
    ISSN: 1570-7458
    Keywords: statistics ; mixed model ; repeated ; pheromone ; maximum likelihood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Analysis of variation in pheromone amounts and ratios between individuals is usually performed separately for amounts and ratios of the different components. Non-parametric tests are regularly applied. This way of analysis is statistically correct, yet, limited for several reasons. The use of a parametric linear mixed model approach to analyze both amounts and ratios of different components at the same time is proposed. This method appears to be very flexible and may facilitate the analysis of pheromone data.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of insect behavior 13 (2000), S. 321-329 
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: kairomone ; searching ; predator–prey interactions ; pheromone ; E-B-farnesene
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract When attacked by a predator, aphids of many species secrete cornicle droplets, containing an alarm pheromone, that results in the dispersal of nearby conspecifics. As females are parthenogenetic, alarm signaling functions to enhance the survival of clone-mates. Enigmatically, however, aphids are physically able to, but usually do not emit alarm pheromone when initially detecting a predator, but rather signal only when captured by a predator. We hypothesized that cornicle droplets may be attractive to natural enemies and result in an increased risk of predation for the signaler, thereby selecting for prudent alarm signalers. We tested this hypothesis by investigating the olfactory cues that the multicolored Asian ladybird beetle, Harmonia axyridis Pallas, uses to locate pea aphids, Acyrthosiphon pisum. In choice tests, H. axyridis were attracted to odors from pea aphid colonies, whether feeding or not feeding on a host plant leaf, but were not attracted to cornicle droplets containing alarm pheromone. Further, individual pea aphids emitting cornicle droplets were not located more often or in a shorter period of time by beetles than aphids not emitting cornicle droplets. Thus, the cost of emitting early alarm signals is not prohibitively high in regards to the attraction of predators such as H. axyridis.
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  • 3
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Aphidius nigripes ; parasitoid ; pheromone ; male mate searching behavior ; wind ; atmospheric pressure
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract The effects of wind speed and atmospheric pressure on male mate searching behavior, modulated by a female sex pheromone, were investigated in the aphid parasitoid Aphidius nigripes (Hymenoptera: Aphidiidae). Male A. nigripe generally did not reach females at wind speeds of 100 cm/sec, as the majority of individuals taking flight in the pheromone plume (81.8%) were unable to sustain upwind flight. At lower wind velocities, male responsiveness to females generally decreased with distance from the source. However, wind speeds approaching the upper threshold (100 cm/sec) tended to eliminate this distance effect. Therefore, there appears to be a trade-off between the need for higher wind speeds to detect the pheromone source from long distances, and a reduction in male flight capacity as wind velocity increases. Our results also indicate that chemical communication in A. nigripes could be affected by variations in atmospheric pressure, as we observed a relationship between pressure fluctuations in the 24 hr prior to testing and male responsiveness to females. The importance of these abiotic factors on mate searching behavior is discussed within the context of the reproductive biology of A. nigripes.
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  • 4
    ISSN: 1572-8889
    Keywords: Choristoneura rosaceana ; pheromone ; mechanisms ; mating disruption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Abstract Although atmospheric treatment with synthetic pheromone is used commercially to control several lepidopteran pests, little is known about how mate-finding behavior is altered by this procedure. Mechanisms of disruption of the mate-finding behavior of Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) were examined in wind tunnel bioassays. Male moths were exposed to synthetic sex pheromone or pheromone components prior to or during upwind flight to a calling virgin female. The proportion of males successfully contacting a calling female was reduced only when the synthetic pheromone treatment was presented simultaneously. A synthetic source of the attractive four-component pheromone placed upwind of a calling female was more effective than a less attractive two-component blend in achieving disorientation. Habituation of the central nervous system does not appear to be a significant factor in disruption of mate-finding behavior of male C. rosaceana, as exposure to pheromone prior to the bioassay did not alter the proportion of males that achieved subsequent upwind flight. Disruption of mate-finding behavior of C. rosaceana in a wind tunnel is probably the result of a combination of mechanisms including adaptation of antennal receptors, camouflage of the female-produced plume, and false-trail following which contributed to the additive disruption effect observed with the most attractive four-component pheromone.
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 1 (1975), S. 101-113 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: pheromone ; inhibition ; Scolytidae ; Ips ; pini ; paraconfusus ; ipsenol ; linalool
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The bark beetles,Ips pini andI. paraconfusus, are not cross-attractive in the field although they attack the same host material at the same time. Logs containing the pheromone-producing sex (males) of both species side by side attract significantly fewer beetles of each species than do males of either species alone. Ipsenol, a component of the maleI. paraconfusus pheromone, duplicates the activity of maleI. paraconfusus in inhibiting the response ofI. pini to maleI. pini. Linalool from maleI. pini also reduces the catch ofI. paraconfusus in response to maleI. paraconfusus. Simultaneous production of a specific attractant pheromone and an interspecific chemical inhibitor favors exclusive use of the host substrate by the first arriving species.
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 26 (2000), S. 2843-2855 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Geocoris punctipes ; (E)-2-octenyl acetate ; pheromone ; Lygaeidae
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A compound identified from air-entrained volatiles produced by adult female Geocoris punctipes attracted male bugs and stimulated males to investigate nearby moving objects of the appropriate size in their search for females. The compound was identified as (E)-2-octenyl acetate, a relatively common component of the volatile semiochemicals produced by a number of heteropteran species. This compound comprised a significant proportion of the female volatiles, whereas it was detected in only trace amounts in volatiles collected from live males. Other components in the extracts from adults of both sexes included (E)-2-hexenyl acetate, (E)-2-octenal, and several saturated hydrocarbons, but these components were not part of the attractant. These compounds plus (E)-2-hexenal, (E)-4-oxo-2-hexenal, and (E)-2-decenal were found in extracts of homogenized adults, whereas the cast skins from late instar nymphs contained (E)-2-octenal, (E)-4-oxo-2-octenal, (E)-2-octenoic acid, and several saturated hydrocarbons.
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  • 7
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Archips argyrospilus ; Archips mortuanus ; pheromone ; attractant ; Tortricidae ; (Z)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (E)-11-tetradecenyl acetate ; (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate ; dodecyl acetate
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract MaleArchips argyrospilus (Walker) were maximally attracted to a 60∶40∶4∶200 admixture of (Z)-11-tetradecenyl, (E)-11-tetradecenyl, (Z)-9-tetradecenyl and dodecyl acetates. The identification of (Z)-9-tetradecenyl acetate, in addition to the other 3 components reported previously, is the first report of a 4-component pheromone system in moths.Archips mortuanus Kearfoot, a sibling species, was maximally attracted to a blend of the same components, but in a 90∶10∶1 mix of the tetradecenyl acetates. Among a number of tortricine moths that co-occur on apples and other hosts in New York, British Columbia, and elsewhere, differences in diel rhythms of attraction and seasonal distribution are insufficient to maintain reproductive isolation. Although the attractant systems of these species often possess components in common, males are maximally attracted to a speciesspecific blend. In tortricine moths attraction specificity appears to be a paramount mechanism for species partitioning.
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  • 8
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: pheromone ; inhibitor ; bark beetle ; Dendroctonus ; southern pine beetle ; slow-release formulations
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract A slow release formulation of the bark beetle pheromones,endo- andexo-brevicomin, significantly reduced landing of southern pine beetles on host trees. Beetle flight activity within the infestation was not affected by the pheromones. The pheromones were released at approximately 600 mg/ha/day via Conrel® hollow fiber controlled-release dispensers.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Journal of chemical ecology 3 (1977), S. 207-217 
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: Black molly fish ; Mollinenesia latipinna ; pheromone ; thyroxine ; thiouracil ; general activity stimulus ; social contact
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract The female black mollyMollinenesia latipinna emits a water-borne pheromone which increases general activity and social contacts among males. Two hormones, thyroxine and thiouracil, administered to the females increase these behaviors in males. Apparently the hormones do not functionally compete in this species, and both seem to elevate the emission of the male stimulant.
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  • 10
    ISSN: 1573-1561
    Keywords: stable fly ; Stomoxys calcitrans (L.) ; pheromone ; sex pheromone ; branched alkanes ; mating stimulant
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Abstract Each of 20 methyl-branched and 1,5-dimethyl-branched alkanes that comprise the active principle of saturated hydrocarbons of the female stable fly,Stomoxys calcitrans (L.), was synthesized and evaluated for mating stimulant activity. The compounds that showed the highest degree of activity in bioassays were 15-methyl- and 15,19-dimethyltritriacontanes.
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