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  • Other Sources  (280)
  • AMS (American Meteorological Society)  (84)
  • Kluwer  (67)
  • Cambridge University Press  (65)
  • Am. Geophys. Un.
  • American Chemical Society
  • Reimer
  • Wiley-Blackwell
  • 2000-2004  (230)
  • 1980-1984  (49)
  • 1925-1929  (1)
Collection
Publisher
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Kluwer
    In:  Natural Hazards, Amsterdam, Kluwer, vol. 21, no. 1, pp. 83-96, pp. 2486, (ISBN 1-86239-117-3)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Geol. aspects ; Volcanology ; NATHAZ
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  • 2
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    Kluwer
    In:  Orlando, Florida, Kluwer, vol. 27, pp. 559-932, (1-4020-2401-0, 792 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Proceedings of a conference ; Tomography ; Acoustics ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Textbook of physics ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of mathematics
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  • 3
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 396 pp., Kluwer, vol. 138, no. 2, pp. 527-553, (ISBN: 1-4020-1179-2)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Earthquake risk ; Earthquake hazard ; interdisciplinary ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology
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  • 4
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Cambridge, 342 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. 13, no. XVI:, pp. 227-235, (ISBN 3-540-43528-X)
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Waves
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  • 5
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 552 pp., Kluwer, vol. 19, no. 22, pp. 662-664, (ISBN 1-4020-1244-6)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Oceanography ; Earthquake hazard ; land ; slides ; submarine ; coast
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  • 6
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 308 pp., Kluwer, vol. 15, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 585, (ISBN 0080424309)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of engineering
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  • 7
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 348 pp., Kluwer, vol. 20, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 81-89, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: GFZ ; M04.0014 ; 000266148 ; Textbook of geophysics ; Statistical investigations ; Artificial intelligence (AI) ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Borehole geophys. ; Applied geophysics ; Electromagnetic methods/phenomena ; Seismology
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  • 8
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 15, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 23-40, (ISBN 1-4020-3326-5, VIII + 343 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2001
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; digital signal analysis (also DSP) ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Seismology ; Filter- ; Spectrum ; Waves ; exercises ; teaching
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  • 9
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 388 pp., Kluwer, vol. 26, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 1-4020-1592-5)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Data assimilation is the combination of information from observations and models of a particular physical system in order to get the best possible estimate of the state of that system. The technique has wide applications across a range of earth sciences, a major application being the production of operational weather forecasts. Others include oceanography, atmospheric chemistry, climate studies, and hydrology. Data Assimilation for the Earth System is a comprehensive survey of both the theory of data assimilation and its application in a range of earth system sciences. Data assimilation is a key technique in the analysis of remote sensing observations and is thus particularly useful for those analysing the wealth of measurements from recent research satellites. This book is suitable for postgraduate students and those working on the application of data assimilation in meteorology, oceanography and other earth sciences.
    Keywords: Modelling ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology ; TBMeteorology
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  • 10
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, IX+266 pp., Kluwer, vol. 3, no. ALEX(01)-FR-77-01, AFTAC Contract F08606-76-C-0025, pp. 329, (ISBN 1-903544-06-8)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Location ; 7215 ; Seismology ; Earthquake ; parameters ; 7219 ; Nuclear ; explosion ; seismology ; 7294 ; Instruments ; and ; techniques
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  • 11
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    Kluwer
    In:  Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 169-209, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Project report/description ; Seismicity ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geochemistry ; Geomagnetics ; Strong motions
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  • 12
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 231-238, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: chemical (Rn, water(-level,...)
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  • 13
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 61-70, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Sea seismics ; Fault zone ; NAF ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Tectonics ; Cagatay ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey
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  • 14
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, The Tectonic and Geologic Evolution of Southeast Asian Seas and Islands, New York, Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 23, no. 16, pp. 1-35, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1980
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Subduction zone ; Plate tectonics
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  • 15
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 243-271, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Fault plane solution, focal mechanism ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Seismology
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  • 16
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 48, no. 231, pp. 101-111, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Seismicity ; historical ; Earthquake hazard ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey
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  • 17
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 24, no. 231, pp. 197-204, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Modelling ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Digital elevation model ; InSAR ; optical ; aerial ; photographs ; remote ; sensing ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Greece
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  • 18
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 333-343, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Earthquake risk
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  • 19
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: chemical (Rn, water(-level,...)
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  • 20
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 20, no. 4, pp. 113-128, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Earthquake ; Tectonics ; Geol. aspects ; Site amplification ; rockfall ; landslide ; cracks and fractures (.NE. fracturing) ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Greece
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  • 21
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 141-152, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Stress ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Turkey ; Izmit ; Goeruer ; Gorur
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  • 22
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 368 pp., Kluwer, vol. 70, pp. 71-83, (ISBN: 1-4020-0821-X)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Preface. 1. Introduction; B. Boots, et al. Part I: Statistical models of spatial systems. Section A: Spatial statistics. 2. Geographic patterns of urban residential development; J. Lee. 3. Using local statistics for boundary characterization; B. Boots. 4. Local spatial interaction modelling based on the geographically weighted regression approach; T. Nakaya. Section B: Space-time analysis. 5. Understanding activity scheduling and rescheduling behaviour: theory and numerical illustration; Chang-Hyeon Joh, et al. 6. Geographical model of a self-organizing megalopolis with time-space convergence; I. Mizuno. 7. Epidemic modelling of HIV/AIDS transfers between eastern and western Europe; P. Smith, R. Thomas. Part II: Computational methods. Section A: Simulation models. 8. A spatial microsimulation model for social policy evaluation; D. Ballas, et al. 9. Analysis of the effect of land use patterns on the anthropogenic energy discharged from air conditioning and hot water supply using a modified CSU mesoscale model; T. Watanabe, et al. 10. Generalized Thuenen and Thuenen-Ricardo models for Asian land use; K. Konagaya. Section B: GIS models. 11. Balancing consensus and conflict with a GIS-based multi-participant, multi-criteria decision support tool; R. D. Feick, G. B. Hall. 12. Grid-based population distribution estimates from historical Japanese topographical maps using GIS: Y. Arai, S. Koike. 13. GIS modelling for rain-induced debris-flow hazards in a small watershed; S. Zhao, T. Tamura. Section C: The internet. 14. A geographical interpretation of cyberspace: preliminary analysis on the scaling tendency of information spaces; N. Shiode. 15. On modelling internet transactions as a time-dependent random walk: an application of the retail aggregate space-time trip (RASTT) model; R. G. V. Baker. 16. Development of disaster information network system in the Asian region: internet GIS for disaster information management; Y. Ogawa, et al. 17. Geographical conceptualization of cyberplaces; M. Takeyama.
    Keywords: Modelling ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology ; TBMeteorology
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  • 23
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 772 pp., Kluwer, vol. 13, no. 3, pp. 632 pp., (ISBN 052)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Textbook of mathematics ; Pattern recognition ; Statistical investigations ; computer ; science ; electrical ; engineering
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  • 24
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 1-4020-0653-5)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Earthquake ; Seismology ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Strong motions ; Sea seismics ; Geol. aspects ; Tsunami(s) ; Earthquake catalog ; Seismicity ; Velocity depth profile ; Stress ; triggering ; Earthquake hazard ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Geodesy ; Turkey ; Greece ; Goeruer ; Gorur
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  • 25
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 344 pp., Kluwer, vol. 20, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 81-89, (ISBN 1-4020-1267-5 (hb), ISBN 1-4020-1268-3 (pb))
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; NOModelling ; GeodesyY ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; post-glacial ; Rheology ; Earth rotation ; Inelastic ; Seismology ; earth mantle ; post-seismic ; Dislocation
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  • 26
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Boston, 227 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. Developments in Petroleum Science vol. 15B, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 9, (ISBN 0-521-66023-8 hc (0-521-66953-7 pb))
    Publication Date: 1982
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismics (controlled source seismology)
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  • 27
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 149-168, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: GeodesyY ; Project report/description ; Geol. aspects ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics
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  • 28
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 24, no. 231, pp. 111-121, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; GeodesyY ; Geol. aspects
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  • 29
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 23, no. Subvol. b, pp. 1-15, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; surface ; rupture ; Source parameters ; Inversion ; seismic Moment ; release ; Seismology ; NAF ; Earthquake ; Oezaksoy ; Ozaksoy ; Goelcuek ; Golcuk ; Duezce ; Duzce ; Goekten ; Gokten ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Adapazari ; Cemen ; Pinar
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  • 30
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 14, no. XVI:, pp. 239-247, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismicity ; Earthquake precursor: statistical anal. of seismicity ; Project report/description ; Earthquake
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  • 31
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Geocomplexity and the Physics of Earthquakes, Washington, Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 120, no. 1, pp. 147-163, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Stress ; Geothermics ; Non-linear effects ; Fracture ; Seismicity ; Fluids ; AGU ; Modelling ; Rock mechanics ; Friction
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  • 32
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 5, no. 16, pp. 215-242, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Subduction zone ; Plate tectonics
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  • 33
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 1313, no. 1, pp. 87-97, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Handbook of geophysics ; Seismicity ; Earthquake ; Armenia
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  • 34
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 13, no. 16, pp. 87-110, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Tectonics ; Plate tectonics ; Geol. aspects
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  • 35
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Prediction: an International Review, Washington D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 497-509, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; China
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  • 36
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 98, no. 16, pp. 109-118, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Seismology ; Handbook of geophysics ; Seismic networks ; Strong motions ; Armenia ; Georgia ; Swiss ; Seismological ; Service ; Aftershocks ; Attenuation
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  • 37
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 119-125, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Handbook of geophysics ; Strong motions ; Earthquake ; Fault zone ; SAF ; USA
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  • 38
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 368 pp., Kluwer, vol. V/1, subvol. b, pp. 559-932, (ISBN: 1-4020-1827-4)
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of engineering ; Earthquake risk ; Site amplification ; vulnerability ; microzonation ; Earthquake hazard ; CD-Rom
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  • 39
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 460 pp., Kluwer, vol. 12, pp. 6322, (ISBN 0-521-79203-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Seismology ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Earthquake precursor: chemical (Rn, water(-level,...) ; eastern ; Europe ; Caucasus ; China ; Mexico ; Textbook of geophysics ; JICA ; RADIUS ; Spitak ; Iran ; Armenia ; Georgia
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  • 40
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Cambridge, 264 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. 42, no. 3, pp. 632 pp., (ISBN 052)
    Publication Date: 2004
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Wave propagation ; Ray seismics ; Anisotropy ; Acoustics ; Elasticity ; Layers ; Cagniard ; Inversion ; WKBJ ; Maslov ; Born ; Kirchhoff ; Migration of earthquakes ; Inhomogeneity ; more ; advanced ; than ; Aki ; and ; Richards ; MATLAB
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  • 41
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 616 pp., Kluwer, vol. 4, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN: 0-7923-5686-1)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Textbook of geology ; geography ; GIS ; Global Positioning System ; pollution ; remote ; sensing ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; decision ; support ; system ; internet ; GSDI ; European ; CZM
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  • 42
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, xii + 314 pp., Kluwer, vol. 15, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 0-12-305355-2)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Induced seismicity ; Rock bursts (see also ERDSTOSS and GEBIRGSSCHLAG)
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  • 43
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 356 pp., Kluwer, vol. 22, no. 1, pp. 799-804, (ISBN 1-4020-1777-4 (hb) and ISBN 1-4020-1778-2 (pb))
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Seismicity ; Earthquake hazard ; Source ; Earthquake risk ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Greece ; Turkey
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  • 44
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Cambridge, 444 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. 7, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 127, (ISBN: 0 521 52046 0 (pb); ISBN: 0 521 81730 7 (hb))
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: ... Pujol's book differs from the others in its purely theoretical approach to the generation and propagation of seismic waves. The author aims to fill a gap between the advanced books and the introductory ones, providing a complete derivation of the mathematical developments. ... One does not have to look for proofs elsewhere.
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismology ; Elasticity ; Source ; Wave propagation ; theory
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  • 45
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Washington, Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 120, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 81-89, (ISBN 0-444-50971-2)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Chaotic behaviour ; FractureT ; Fracture ; Seismicity ; SOC ; Pattern recognition ; AGU ; Modelling ; Stress ; Stress drop ; Rock mechanics ; Friction
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  • 46
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Boston, 227 pp., Cambridge University Press, vol. Developments in Petroleum Science vol. 15B, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 9, (ISBN 0-521-66023-8 hc (0-521-66953-7 pb))
    Publication Date: 1983
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismics (controlled source seismology)
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  • 47
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 260 pp., Kluwer, vol. 25, no. Publ. No. 12, pp. 95-104, (ISBN: 0-08-043930-6)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Earthquake catalog ; Textbook of geophysics
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  • 48
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    Kluwer
    In:  Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, pp. 35-46
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Geol. aspects ; Plate tectonics ; Tectonics ; Fault zone ; NAF ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey ; Yaltirak
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  • 49
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 175-196, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Earthquake hazard ; Turkey ; Early warning systems (earthquakes, volcanic eruptions, tsunamis etc.) ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Greece
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  • 50
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 127-139, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Velocity depth profile ; Three dimensional ; Seismicity ; Greece ; P-waves ; Tomography ; Goeruer ; Gorur
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 31-40, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Project report/description ; Japan ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 66, no. 2, pp. 145-151, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Spectrum ; Site amplification
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 1, no. 2, pp. 169-188, (ISBN 0-87590-532-3, AGU Code: GD0305323)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Geol. aspects ; Project report/description ; GeodesyY ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics
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  • 54
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 41-48, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Project report/description
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  • 55
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 1, pp. 403-411, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake risk ; Project report/description ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Laboratory measurements ; ELSA
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  • 56
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 460 pp., Kluwer, vol. 17, pp. 225, (ISBN 1-4020-1408-2)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Description: Foreword. How to climb the gravity wall; R. Rummel. I: Precise orbit determination and gravity field modelling. Strategies for precise orbit determination of low earth orbiters using the Global Positioning System; U. Hugentobler, G. Beutler. Aiming at a 1 cm orbit for low earth orbiters: reduced-dynamic and kinematic precise orbit determination; P. N. A. M. Visser, J. van den Ijssel. Space-wise, time-wise, torus and Rosborough representations in gravity field modelling; N. Sneeuw. Gravity field recovery from GRACE: unique aspects of the high precision inter-satellite data and analysis methods; G. Balmino. Global gravity field recovery using solely Global Positioning System tracking and accelerometer data from CHAMP; C. Reigber, et al. The processing of band-limited measurements: filtering techniques in the least squares context and in the presence of data gaps; W.-D. Schuh. II: Solid earth physics. Long wavelength sea level and solis surface perturbations driven by polar ice mass variations: fingerprinting Greenland and Antarctic ice sheet flux; M. E. Tamisiea, et al. Benefits from GOCE within solid earth geophysics; A. M. Marotta. The potential of GOCE in constraining the structure of the crust and lithosphere from post-glacial rebound; L. L. A. Vermeersen. Deep and shallow solid-earth structures reconstructed with sequential integrated inversion (SII) of seismic and gravity data; R. Tondi, et al. Present-day sea level change: observations and causes; A. Cazenave, et al. III: Ocean circulation. Global ocean data assimilation and geoid measurements; C. Wunsch, D. Stammer. Resolution needed for an adequate determination of the mean ocean circulation from altimetry and an improved geoid; C. Le Provost, M. Bremond. Error characteristics estimated from CHAMP, GRACE and GOCE derived geoids and from satellite altimetry derived mean dynamic topography; E. J. O. Schrama. Estimating the high-resolution mean sea-surface velocity field by combined use of altimeter and drifter data for geoid model improvement; S. Imawaki, et al. Combined use of altimetry and in situ gravity data for coastal dynamics studies; K. Haines, et al. Feasibility and contribution to ocean circulation studies of ocean bottom pressure determination; C. W. Hughes, V. Stepanov. Impact of geoid improvement on ocean mass and heat transport estimates; P. Le Grand. How operational oceanography can benefit from dynamic topography estimates as derived from altimetry and improved geoid; P. Y. Le Traon, et al. IV: Geodesy. Remarks on the role of height datum in altimetry-gravity boundary-value problems; F. Sacerdote, F. Sanso. Ocean tides in GRACE monthly averaged gravity fields; P. Knudsen. Tidal models in a new era of satellite gravimetry; R. D. Ray, et al. The elusive stationary geoid; M. Vermeer. Geodetic methods for calibration of GRACE and GOCE; J. Bouman, R. Koop. V: Sea level. Benefits of GRACE and GOCE to sea level studies; P. Woodworth, J. M. Gregory. What might GRACE contribute to studies of post glacial rebound? J. Wahr, I. Velicogna. Measuring the distribution of ocean mass using GRACE; R. S. Nerem, et al. Monitoring changes in continental water storage with GRACE; S. Swenson, J. Wahr. VI: Future concepts. Attitude and drag control: an application to the GOCE satellite; E. Canuto, et al. On superconductive gravity gradiometry in space; S. Zarembinski. Satellite-satellite laser links for future gravity missions; P. L. Bender et al. Possible future use of laser gravity gradiometers; P. L. Bender, et al. MICROSCOPE instrument development lessons for GOCE; P. Touboul. Needs and tools for future gravity measuring missions; M. Aguirre-Martinez, N. Sneeuw. VII: Closing session. GOCE: first earth explorer core mission; M. R. Drinkwater, et al. Earth gravity field from space from senors to earth sciences: closing remarks; G. Beutler.
    Keywords: Textbook of geodesy ; Earth tides ; Least-squares ; Data analysis / ~ processing ; Geodesy ; Rheology ; Inelastic ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Gravimetry, Gravitation ; Modelling
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  • 57
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 358 pp., Kluwer, vol. 10, no. Subvol. b, pp. 220, (ISBN 1-4020-0653-5)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Textbook of geophysics ; Seismics (controlled source seismology) ; Seismology ; Layers ; Velocity depth profile ; Physical properties of rocks
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  • 58
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    Kluwer
    In:  Dordrecht, 352 pp., Kluwer, vol. 4, no. 1, pp. 1-40, (ISBN: 1-4020-1348-5 hb, ISBN: 1-4020-1349-3 pb)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Textbook of geophysics ; Textbook of geology ; Yalciner
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  • 59
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 6, no. 16, pp. 17-34, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Strong motions ; Seismology ; seismic Moment ; Source ; Peak ground velocity ; Modelling ; Synthetic seismograms ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey ; Toksoez ; Toksoz ; NAF ; Earthquake
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  • 60
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Geophysical Applications of Artificial Neural Networks and Fuzzy Logic, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 287-304, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2003
    Keywords: Statistical investigations ; Artificial intelligence (AI) ; Seismology ; Detectors ; Polarization ; NOISE ; Discrimination ; automatic ; picking
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  • 61
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 24, no. 16, pp. 69-74, (ISBN 1-4020-1729-4)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Project report/description ; Nepal
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  • 62
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 16, pp. 79-85, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Seismicity ; Handbook of geophysics ; Review article ; India
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  • 63
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 46, no. XVI:, pp. 61-85, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Geochemistry ; Tectonics ; Fault zone ; NAF ; Hydraulic fracturingSWEEP ; PARASOUND ; samples ; Kuscu ; Pekdeger ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey
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  • 64
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 37, no. 16, pp. 272--293, (ISBN: 3-540-23712-7)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Seismicity ; Tectonics ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust)
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  • 65
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Polar Proj. OP-O3A4, Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 4, no. Subvol. b, pp. 289-296, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Seismicity ; Earthquake catalog
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  • 66
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 54, no. 1, pp. 153-173, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; historical ; Seismicity ; Geol. aspects ; Tectonics ; Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Review article ; Goeruer ; Gorur
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  • 67
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 137-144, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Intensity ; Site amplification ; topography
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  • 68
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 9, no. 16, pp. 47-59, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Sea seismics ; Fault zone ; NAF ; Deep seismic sounding (espec. cont. crust) ; Tectonics ; Ulug ; Goeruer ; Gorur ; Turkey ; Oezel ; Ozel
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  • 69
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    Kluwer
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 65, no. 2, pp. 127-136, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Seismicity ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology
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  • 70
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Earthquake Hazard and Seismic Risk Reduction, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 5, no. 16, pp. 49-67, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2000
    Keywords: Earthquake hazard ; Earthquake risk ; Handbook of geophysics ; Earthquake engineering, engineering seismology ; Project report/description
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  • 71
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 307-312, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Stress ; Plate tectonics ; GeodesyY
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  • 72
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Continental and Oceanic Rifts, Washington D.C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 8, no. 16, pp. 17-29, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1982
    Keywords: Crustal deformation (cf. Earthquake precursor: deformation or strain) ; Stress ; GeodesyY ; Plate tectonics ; Iceland
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  • 73
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Zagros, Hindu Kush, Himalaya: Geodynamic Evolution, Washington, D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 4, no. 16, pp. 122-148, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Review article ; Geol. aspects ; Tectonics ; Plate tectonics
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  • 74
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    Am. Geophys. Un.
    In:  Professional Paper, Open-File Rept., Earthquake Prediction: an International Review, Washington D. C., Am. Geophys. Un., vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 153-172, (ISBN 0080419208)
    Publication Date: 1981
    Keywords: Earthquake precursor: prediction research ; Seismicity ; Gutenberg-Richter magnitude frequency b-value ; Earthquake hazard ; seismic ; gap
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  • 75
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    Kluwer
    In:  Bull., Open-File Rept., Integration of Earth Science Research on the Turkish and Greek 1999 Earthquakes, Dordrecht, Kluwer, vol. 1, no. 1, pp. 87-100, (ISBN 1-86239-165-3, vi + 330 pp.)
    Publication Date: 2002
    Keywords: Tsunami(s) ; Seismicity ; Earthquake hazard ; Goeruer ; Gorur
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  • 76
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 64 . pp. 573-579.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: Males of Eledone cirrhosa grow to a size little over 600 g and normally have well-developed, and presumably active, reproductive organs from about 200 g upwards. Total weight of the genital bag is well correlated with total body weight (r= 0·906). Growth of the testis precedes that of the spermatophoric sac, and the size of neither of these reproductive components is predictable from body weight. The sizes of these organs and the estimated number and length of stored spermatophores are given for 100 g intervals of total body weight. No evidence was obtained for a seasonal trend in male maturity.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
    Format: text
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  • 77
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Geological Magazine, 140 (3). pp. 245-252.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: Markedly different cooling histories for the hanging- and footwall of theVari detachment on Syros and Tinos islands, Greece, are revealed by zircon and apatite fission-track data. The Vari/Akrotiri unit in the hangingwall cooled slowly at rates of 5–15 ◦CMyr−1 since Late Cretaceous times. Samples from the Cycladic blueschist unit in the footwall of the detachment on Tinos Island have a mean zircon fission-track age of 10.0±1.0 Ma, which together with a published mean apatite fission-track age of 9.4±0.5 Ma indicates rapid cooling at rates of at least ∼60 ◦CMyr−1. We derive a minimum slip rate of ∼6.5 kmMyr−1 and a displacement of 〉∼20 km and propose that the development of the detachment in the thermally softened magmatic arc aided fast displacement. Intra-arc extension accomplished the final ∼6–9 km of exhumation of the Cycladic blueschists from ∼60 km depth. The fast-slipping intra-arc detachments did not cause much exhumation, but were important for regionalscale extension and the formation of the Aegean Sea.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 78
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    Wiley-Blackwell
    In:  Journal of Fish Biology, 59 . pp. 332-338.
    Publication Date: 2017-07-06
    Description: The living coelacanth Latimeria chalumnae has a unique position in world biodiversity which raises important questions about conservation and ethics. Some relevant details of coelacanth biology are summarized, including those obtained by direct observation from submersibles. The importance of the coelacanth for evolutionary theory and palaeontology is shown to be paralleled in cultural, literary and artistic areas of human heritage. Threats to the Comoran coelacanths from artisanal fishing are described and conservation measures discussed in relation to local customs and economies as well as the promotion of tourism to spread a new awareness and concern for coelacanths worldwide.
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 80 . pp. 249-257.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: A new species of terebellid polychaete, Lanice arakani sp. nov., is described from two specimens collected in deep water at seamounts of the west Pacific by the submersible `JAGO', and comparisons are made with the established species of the genus. Special reference is given to the morphology of the worm's sediment tube and in situ observations.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 80
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Geological Magazine, 64 (6). pp. 263-275.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: In a recent paper I stated that the hypothesis of a continuously cooling earth had “consistently failed to lead to any adequate explanations of fissure eruptions and other volcanic and tension phenomena, mountain-building processes and their distribution in time and space, and the alternation of marine transgressions and recessions”. It seems to be desirable that I should further justify this sweeping integration of objections, for Dr. Harold Jeffreys, who has actively explored the consequences of this theory during recent years, takes exception to my discouraging view of the position, and claims that the alleged failures include the principal successes of the theory. The evidence on which my summary indictment was based will be reviewed in this paper; and attention will be directed to certain other phenomena—such as the growth of geosynclines—of which the significance has not yet been generally realized. As a preliminary it will be convenient to discuss the gradually converging evidence bearing on the thickness and substructure of the continents.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Geological Magazine, 121 (6). pp. 563-575.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-31
    Description: We present chemical data on magmatically heterogeneous pyroclastic deposits of late Quaternary age erupted from zoned magma systems underlying Tenerife (Canary Islands), Sao Miguel and Faial (Azores), and Vesuvius. The most fractionated magmas present at each centre are respectively Na-rich phonolite, trachyte, and K-rich phonolite. Within any one deposit, chemical variation is either accompanied by changes in the phenocryst assemblage (petrographic zonation) or is largely manifested in trace element abundances, unaccompanied by any petrographic change (occult zonation). Zoning is analogous to that in calc-alkaline systems where the most fractionated products are high-silica rhyolites. When a range of magma types are considered, a correlation emerges between roofward depletion of trace elements (especially REE) in the zoned system and compatability of those same trace elements in the accessory phenocryst phases present. Thus, allanite- or chevkinite-bearing rhyolitic systems are light-REE depleted roofwards, the sphene-bearing Tenerife system is middle-REE depleted roofwards, the melanite-bearing Vesuvius system is heavy-REE depleted roofwards, while the Azores systems, which lack these phases, display roofward REE enrichment. Therefore, the behaviour of trace elements may in each case be explained by fractionation of observed phenocryst assemblages. The resemblance between features of zoned magma systems and published work on the dynamic consequences of cooling saturated aqueous solutions prompts us to suggest that sidewall crystallization and consequent boundary-layer uprise to form a capping layer at top of the system may be a plausible mechanism for the generation of both petrographic and occult zonation. Reverse zoning occurs among the first-erupted tephra of some deposits, demonstrating that the most highly differentiated magma available is not always the first to be tapped during an eruption from a zoned system.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 82
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 63 . pp. 71-83.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: Changes in the relative size of the ovary, oviducal glands and eggs are described for Eledone cirrhosa captured from the North Sea off Aberdeen over a 3 year period (N = 488). The analysis is based only on freshly caught animals, excluding those held in aquarium conditions (〉 5 days). Ovary enlargement and egg size estimates are used as indices of sexual maturity. Between 0–15% and 18–95% of total body weight is contributed by the ovary. Maximum egg length in the ovary ranges up to 7 mm. On these criteria, sexual maturation typically occurs at body sizes between 400–1000 g although some animals of 1000–1200 g are found showing no evidence of ovary enlargement. The majority of the monthly sample is always immature but maturation can apparently occur at almost any time of the year. Increase in mean ovary index and mean values for egg size are strongly seasonal and indicate a peak incidence of sexual maturity over 2–3 months in the July-September period. Spawning is presumed to follow within 1 month. Estimates of the fecundity of the females, based on the egg sample from the ovary, range from 2·2 × 103 to 55 × 10 3 eggs with a mean of 11 × 10 3 and a mode of 7·5 × 10 3 eggs.
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 64 . pp. 581-585.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: Female Eledone cirrhosa held in aquarium conditions for periods of time of five daysand over show relatively enlarged ovary sizes. Values for ovary index considerably exceed thoseof freshly caught animals and the incidence of the final stage of maturity, in which eggs pack the oviducts, is greater. A comparison of maturity indices for fresh and aquarium males was inconclusive. The range of factors associated with aquarium conditions is briefly reviewed and it is concluded that studies of cephalopod reproductive maturation must distinguish fresh and aquarium animals. Introduction External factors effective in inducing sexual maturation in cephalopods have been suggested several times. The influence of the absence of light has been implicated since the experiments of Wells & Wells (1959) showed that blinded Octopus vulgar is matured precociously. An effect of short day length in stimulating the optic glands of Sepia has been found by Defretin & Richard (1967) and Richard (1967) but this is not clearly the case for Octopus (Buckley, 1977). Octopuses kept in aquarium conditions for lengthy periods are said to have larger relative gonad sizes than those fresh from the sea (Wells & Wells, 1975). One of the factors associated with aquarium conditions is often a degree of starvation, and this circumstance alone is held to be a factor in inducing precocious sexual maturation in Eledone (Mangold & Boucher-Rodoni, 1973). In the course of recent studies on the growth and reproduction of Eledone cirrhosa from the North Sea (Boyle & Knobloch, 1982,1983,1984) animals which had remained in aquarium conditions for 5 days or over were separated from the analysis.
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    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 64 (02). pp. 285-302.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: A new species of a monogenean Isancistrum subulatae (Gyrodactylidae) has been discovered on the arms and tentacles of the cephalopod mollusc Alloteuthis subulata at Plymouth and I. loliginis, on the gills of the same host, has been re-discovered for the first time since its original description in 1912. I. subulatae, like other gyrodactylids, is viviparous, and has been shown by experiments to transfer to new hosts by contagion. In nature such transfers probably take place during copulation of the hosts and since the parasite may occur in numbers of several thousands per host, it may thereby constitute a venereal disease.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 85
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    Kluwer
    In:  In: Marine Issues. Kluwer, Den Haag, pp. 203-220.
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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    Kluwer
    In:  In: Implementing International Environmental Law in Germany and China. Kluwer, Den Haag, pp. 163-180.
    Publication Date: 2018-02-23
    Type: Book chapter , NonPeerReviewed
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    Kluwer
    In:  Non-State Actors and International Law, 2 . pp. 279-300.
    Publication Date: 2020-06-22
    Description: Marine biological resources in general and biological resources of the deep sea and the deep seabed in particular are threatened by a variety of human activities. Those activities considered marine scientific research and related activities such as scientific sampling and bioprospecting can pose a threat to the conservation of these biological resources if performed in an unrestricted manner. Whether legal rules on marine scientific research should be applicable to highly commercial activities such as bioprospecting is doubtful. The current legal regulations provided by the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea and the Convention on Biological Diversity are not designed to provide for an adequate regime on the protection of biological resources in areas located outside national sovereignty. As a result, a new treaty on the protection and sustainable use of marine biological resources located outside national jurisdiction is necessary and must focus upon a common heritage approach. An institutional framework for such a regime can either be newly established together with an agreement or be established by an existing institution e.g. the International Seabed Authority.
    Type: Article , PeerReviewed
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  • 88
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    Unknown
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom, 62 (2). pp. 277-296.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-16
    Description: The growth of the octopus Eledone cirrhosa has been studied in a population from the North Sea off Aberdeen. Data are presented for the growth of individuals isolated in aquarium conditions; the growth of size classes in thefieldpopulation; and preliminary information on the growth relationships of gonad, somatic, cardiac and brain components of the body. At 15 °C Eledone cirrhosa is capable of growing from 10 to 1000 g in 270 days. From octopuses which feed readily in captivity, weight specific growth rates of up to about 3–5 % day-1 for animals of 100 g body weight are recorded, falling to a maximum of about 1–5 % day-1 at body sizes above 500 g. Females stop growing when sexually mature, but in the sample captured they were consistently larger than males, a feature which may account for the 7:1 bias towards the incidence of females. On a wet-weight basis, the mean food incorporation into growth is 37 % of the food ingested, which is 49% of the gross weight of crabs killed. Field data for 1978/79 suggest that animals recruited to the population at the beginning of the year grew steadily until December, overwintered without growing, then grew rapidly for several months in the subsequent year before disappearing from the samples. The estimated average age of those animals and by implication, the life span, is 20 months.
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  • 89
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    Unknown
    American Chemical Society
    In:  The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, 107 (7). pp. 1050-1054.
    Publication Date: 2020-05-11
    Description: We determined the coordination environment of Zn2+ in aqueous Cl- brines at 25 °C and 300 °C using ab initio molecular dynamics simulations. The ZnCl+ and ZnCl2 complexes exist as pseudo-octahedral ZnClm(H2O)6-m clusters at 25 °C but occur as pseudo-tetrahedral ZnClm(H2O)4-m clusters at 300 °C. The ZnCl3- complex occurs as the pseudo-tetrahedral ZnCl3(H2O)- cluster at 25 and 300 °C. The tetrahedral ZnCl42- complex, however, is the dominant Zn−Cl complex at 25 °C, at least in highly concentrated (7.4 m) Cl- brines. The change in hydration number with temperature for the ZnCl+ and ZnCl2 complexes will complicate extrapolations of solvation energies to hydrothermal conditions using a Born-model-based equation of state.
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  • 90
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    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Climate, 17 (19). pp. 3761-3774.
    Publication Date: 2017-08-23
    Description: The decadal-scale variability in the tropical Pacific has been analyzed herein by means of observations and numerical model simulations. The two leading modes of the sea surface temperature (SST) variability in the central western Pacific are a decadal mode with a period of about 10 yr and the ENSO mode with a dominant period of about 4 yr. The SST anomaly pattern of the decadal mode is ENSO like. The decadal mode, however, explains most variance in the western equatorial Pacific and off the equator. A simulation with an ocean general circulation model (OGCM) forced by reanalysis data is used to explore the origin of the decadal mode. It is found that the variability of the shallow subtropical–tropical overturning cells is an important factor in driving the decadal mode. This is supported by results from a multicentury integration with a coupled ocean–atmosphere general circulation model (CGCM) that realistically simulates tropical Pacific decadal variability. Finally, the sensitivity of the shallow subtropical–tropical overturning cells to greenhouse warming is discussed by analyzing the results of a scenario integration with the same CGCM.
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  • 91
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: Oceanic ecosystems altered by interdecadal climate variability may provide a feedback to the physical climate by phytoplankton affecting heat fluxes into the upper ocean and dimethylsulfide fluxes into the atmosphere
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  • 92
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    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 34 . pp. 817-843.
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: The current system east of the Grand Banks was intensely observed by World Ocean Circulation Experiment (WOCE) array ACM-6 during 1993–95 with eight moorings, reaching about 500 km out from the shelf edge and covering the water column from about 400-m depth to the bottom. More recently, a reduced array by the Institut für Meerskunde (IfM) at Kiel, Germany, of four moorings was deployed during 1999–2001, focusing on the deep-water flow near the western continental slope. Both sets of moored time series, each about 22 months long, are combined here for a mean current boundary section, and both arrays are analyzed for the variability of currents and transports. A mean hydrographic section is derived from seven ship surveys and is used for geostrophic upper-layer extrapolation and isopycnal subdivision of the mean transports into deep-water classes. The offshore part of the combined section is dominated by the deep-reaching North Atlantic Current (NAC) with currents still at 10 cm s−1 near the bottom and a total northward transport of about 140 Sv (Sv ≡ 106 m3 s−1), with the details depending on the method of surface extrapolation used. The mean flow along the western boundary was southward with the section-mean North Atlantic Deep Water outflow determined to be 12 Sv below the σθ = 27.74 kg m−3 isopycnal. However, east of the deep western boundary current (DWBC), the deep NAC carries a transport of 51 Sv northward below σθ = 27.74 kg m−3, resulting in a large net northward flow in the western part of the basin. From watermass signatures it is concluded that the deep NAC is not a direct recirculation of DWBC water masses. Transport time series for the DWBC variability are derived for both arrays. The variance is concentrated in the period range from 2 weeks to 2 months, but there are also variations at interannual and longer periods, with much of the DWBC variability being related to fluctuations and meandering of the NAC. A significant annual cycle is not recognizable in the combined current and transport time series of both arrays. The moored array results are compared with other evidence on deep outflow and recirculation, including recent models of different types and complexity.
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  • 93
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    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences, 59 . pp. 2951-2965.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-16
    Description: This study investigates and accounts for the influence of various ice cloud parameters on the retrieval of the surface solar radiation budget (SSRB) from reflected flux at the top of the atmosphere (TOA). The optical properties of ice clouds depend on ice crystal shape, size distribution, water content, and the vertical profiles of geometric and microphysical structure. As a result, the relationship between the SSRB and TOA-reflected flux for an ice cloud atmosphere is more complex and differs from that for water cloud and cloudless atmospheres. The sensitivities of the relationship between the SSRB and TOA-reflected flux are examined with respect to various ice cloud parameters. Uncertainties in the retrieval of the SSRB due to inadequate knowledge of various ice cloud parameters are evaluated thoroughly. The uncertainty study is concerned with both pure ice clouds and multiphase clouds (ice cloud above water cloud). According to the magnitudes of errors in the SSRB retrieval caused by different input variables, parameterized correction terms were introduced. If the input variables are known accurately, errors in the retrieval of the SSRB under a wide range of ice cloud conditions are expected to diminish substantially, to less than 10 W m−2 for 91% of the simulated ice cloud cases. In comparison, the same accuracy may be attained for only 19% of the retrievals for the same ice cloud cases using the retrieval algorithm designed for non-ice-cloud conditions.
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  • 94
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    Unknown
    American Chemical Society
    In:  Journal of Organic Chemistry, 66 (4). pp. 1210-1215.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-20
    Description: The valuable nutraceutical γ-linolenic acid (GLA, (6Z,9Z,12Z)-octadecatrienoic acid) is biosynthesized by a series of regio- and stereoselective dehydrogenation reactions that are catalyzed by a set of enzymes known as fatty acid desaturases. As part of ongoing research into the mechanism of these remarkable catalysts, we have examined the cryptoregiochemistry (site of initial oxidation) of Δ6 desaturation as it occurs in the protozoan Tetrahymena thermophila. Two complementary approaches that address this issue are described. In the first set of experiments, we measured the individual primary deuterium kinetic isotope effects associated with the C−H bond cleavages at C-6 and C-7. Competition experiments using appropriately deuterium-labeled 4-thiasubstrates revealed that a large KIE (kH/kD = 7.1 ± 0.5) was observed for the C−H bond-breaking step at C-6, whereas the C−H bond cleavage at C-7 was insensitive to deuterium substitution (kH/kD = 1.04 ± 0.05). These results point to C-6 as the site of initial oxidation in Δ6 desaturation since the first chemical step in this type of reaction is rupture of a strong, unactivated C−H bond, an energetically difficult process that typically exhibits a large KIE. This conclusion was supported by the results of our second approach, which involved locating the position of the putative diiron oxo oxidant with respect to substrate by monitoring the efficiency of oxo transfer to a series of thia fatty acid probes. Thus only a 6-thia-analogue is converted to significant amounts of the corresponding sulfoxide (9% yield). The absolute configuration of this product was determined to be S using (S)-MPAA as a chiral shift reagent. Taken together, these results point to the abstraction of the C-6 pro S hydrogen as the initial event in Δ6 desaturation as it occurs in T. thermophila.
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  • 95
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    Unknown
    Cambridge University Press
    In:  Journal of the Marine Biological Association of the United Kingdom UK, 62 . pp. 435-451.
    Publication Date: 2020-07-27
    Description: The planktonic foraminifer Globigerinoides sacculifer (Brady) was cultured under two different light intensities and in continuous darkness. High light intensity (HLI = 4oo-soo einsteins/m2/s) resulted in a longer lifespan, a greater number of chambers formed, and a larger final shell size compared with individuals cultured under low light intensity (LLI = 20-50 einsteins/m2/s) or in continuous darkness. Shell growth rates were unaffected by increasing light intensity, but gametogenesis was delayed. Continuous darkness induced a rapid onset of gametogenesis in organisms with shell lengths larger than 250 m. Feeding frequency had a greater effect on growth and reproduction than light intensity under conditions of LLI and HLI, but continuous darkness had an overriding effect on growth and reproduction owing to the rapid onset of gametogenesis which terminated the life of the mother cell. Our previous data indicated that the longevity of G. sacculifer was dependent on feeding frequency, and that G. sacculifer cultured under LLI had a lifespan of approximately 2-4 weeks. Present results suggest that the lifespan can vary from a minimum of 8 days for organisms fed daily in continuous darkness to a maximum of 54 days for organisms fed once every 7 days and maintained in HLI. It is concluded that individual G. sacculifer attain a shell size greater than 6oo ,urn only if they maintain their position in the euphotic zone. Prolonged existence below the euphotic zone would result in premature death or gametogenesis following stunted shell growth.
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  • 96
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    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33 . pp. 1990-1999.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-10
    Description: Intrinsic oscillations of stable geophysical surface frontal currents of the unsteady, nonlinear, reduced-gravity shallow-water equations on an f plane are investigated analytically and numerically. For frictional (Rayleigh) currents characterized by linear horizontal velocity components and parabolic cross sections, the primitive equations are reduced to a set of coupled nonlinear ordinary differential equations. In the inviscid case, two periodic analytical solutions of the nonlinear problem describing 1) the inertially reversing horizontal displacement of a surface frontal current having a fixed parabolic cross section and 2) the cross-front pulsation of a coastal current emerging from a motionless surface frontal layer are presented. In a linear and in a weakly nonlinear context, analytical expressions for field oscillations and their frequency shift relative to the inertial frequency are presented. For the fully nonlinear problem, solutions referring to a surface frontal coastal current are obtained analytically and numerically. These solutions show that the currents oscillate always superinertially, the frequency and the amplitude of their oscillations depending on the magnitude of the initial disturbance and on the squared current Rossby number. In a linear framework, it is shown that disturbances superimposed on the surface frontal current are standing waves within the bounded region, the frequencies of which are inertial/superinertial for the first mode/higher modes. In the same frame, a zeroth mode, which could be interpreted as the superposition of an inertial wave on a background vorticity field, would formally yield subinertial frequencies. For surface frontal currents affected by Rayleigh friction, it is shown that the magnitude of the mean current decays according to a power law and that the oscillations decay faster, because this decay follows an exponential law. Implications of the intrinsic oscillations and of their rapid dissipation for the near-inertial motion in an active ambient ocean are discussed.
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  • 97
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    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 18 (8). pp. 1354-1366.
    Publication Date: 2018-07-04
    Description: A method for combining ground-based passive microwave radiometer retrievals of integrated liquid water (LWP), radar reflectivity profiles (Z), and statistics of a cloud model is proposed for deriving cloud liquid water profiles (LWC). A dynamic cloud model is used to determine Z–LWC relations and their errors as functions of height above cloud base. The cloud model is also used to develop an LWP algorithm based on simulations of brightness temperatures of a 20–30-GHz radiometer. For the retrieval of LWC, the radar determined Z profile, the passive microwave retrieved LWP, and a model climatology are combined by an inverse error covariance weighting method. Model studies indicate that LWC retrievals with this method result in rms errors that are about 10%–20% smaller in comparison to a conventional LWC algorithm, which constrains the LWC profile exactly to the measured LWP. According to the new algorithm, errors in the range of 30%–60% are to be anticipated when profiling LWC. The algorithm is applied to a time series measurement of a stratocumulus layer at GKSS in Geesthacht, Germany. The GKSS 95-GHz cloud radar, a 20–30-GHz microwave radiometer, and a laser ceilometer were collocated within a 5-m radius and operated continuously during the measurement period. The laser ceilometer was used to confirm the presence of drizzle-sized drops.
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  • 98
    Publication Date: 2020-08-04
    Description: North Atlantic synoptic-scale processes are analyzed by bandpassing 6-hourly NCEP–NCAR reanalysis data (1958–98) for several synoptic ranges corresponding to ultrahigh-frequency variability (0.5–2 days), synoptic-scale variability (2–6 days), slow synoptic processes (6–12 days), and low-frequency variability (12–30 days). Climatological patterns of the intensity of synoptic processes are not collocated for different ranges of variability, especially in the lower troposphere. Intensities of synoptic processes demonstrate opposite trends between the North American coast and in the northeast Atlantic. Although north of 40°N the intensity of ultrahigh-frequency variability and synoptic-scale processes show similar interannual variability, further analysis indicates that secular changes, and decadal-scale and interannual variability in the intensities of synoptic processes may not be necessarily consistent for different synoptic timescales. Magnitudes of winter ultrahigh-frequency variability are highly correlated with the intensity of synoptic-scale processes in the 1960s and early 1970s. However, they show little agreement with each other during the last two decades, pointing to the remarkable change in atmospheric variability over the North Atlantic in late 1970s. North Atlantic ultrahigh-frequency variability in winter is highly correlated with surface temperature gradient anomalies in the Atlantic–American sector. These gradients are computed from the merged fields of SST and surface temperature over the continent. They demonstrate a dipolelike pattern associated with the North American coast on one hand, with the subpolar SST front and continental Canada on the other. High-frequency variability and its synoptic counterpart demonstrate different relationships with the North Atlantic Oscillation. Reliability of these results and their sensitivity to the filtering procedures are addressed by comparison to radiosonde data and application of alternative filters.
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  • 99
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 30 . pp. 215-224.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-06
    Description: Bottom water temperatures in the central Greenland Sea have been increasing for the last two decades. The warming is most likely related to the absence of deep convective mixing, which cools and freshens the deep water. However, recent observations confirm a slow and steady increase of anthropogenic tracers such as chlorofluorocarbons (CFCs). This points to some amount of bottom water “ventilation” in the absence of deep convective mixing and poses a challenge to our understanding of deep water renewal. One explanation for the observed trends in both temperature and CFCs is significant vertical mixing. The basin-averaged diapycnal diffusivity, required to explain both trends, kυ,av 2–3 (×10−3 m2 s−1), is very unlikely to occur in the interior of the ocean. However, a diffusivity of kυ,bbl 10−2 m2 s−1 within a 150-m thick bottom boundary layer would be sufficient to explain the deep tracer increase. The implications of a secondary circulation driven by such large boundary layer mixing are discussed.
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  • 100
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    AMS (American Meteorological Society)
    In:  Journal of Physical Oceanography, 33 . pp. 431-435.
    Publication Date: 2018-04-10
    Description: Aspects of the dynamics of warm-core eddies evolving in a deep ocean are investigated using the results of laboratory experiments and numerical simulations. The vortices, produced experimentally in a system brought to solid body rotation by rapidly lifting a bottomless cylinder containing freshwater immersed in a salty ambient fluid, show clearly the presence of inertial oscillations: deepenings and contractions, shoalings and expansions, alternate during an exact inertial period. These pulsations, though predicted analytically and simulated numerically, had never been measured before for surface eddies having aspect ratios, as well as Rossby and Burger numbers, typical of geophysical warm-core eddies. The spatial structure of the vortex radial and tangential velocity components is analyzed using the experimental results and numerical simulations carried out by means of a layered, nonlinear, reduced-gravity frontal model. It is found that, while the dependence of the vortex radial velocity on the vortex radius evolves toward linearity as time elapses, different spatial structures seem to be possible for the vortex tangential velocity dependence. This behavior, which strongly differs from the “pulson” dynamics, is instead consistent with recently found analytical solutions of the nonlinear, reduced-gravity shallow-water equations describing the dynamics of warm-core eddies on an f plane.
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