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  • Alvin (Submarine)  (6)
  • 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability
  • Salinity
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (8)
  • American Meteorological Society  (3)
  • Alexandria : National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries  (1)
  • MDPI Publishing
  • 2005-2009  (12)
Collection
Keywords
Publisher
Years
Year
  • 1
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    Aegean Sea Water Masses during the Early Stages of the Eastern Mediterranean Climatic Transient (2007)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-06-08
    Description: The Aegean water masses and circulation structure are studied via two large-scale surveys performed during the late winters of 1988 and 1990 by the R/V Yakov Gakkel of the former Soviet Union. The analysis of these data sheds light on the mechanisms of water mass formation in the Aegean Sea that triggered the outflow of Cretan Deep Water (CDW) from the Cretan Sea into the abyssal basins of the eastern Mediterranean Sea (the so-called Eastern Mediterranean Transient). It is found that the central Aegean Basin is the site of the formation of Aegean Intermediate Water, which slides southward and, depending on their density, renews either the intermediate or the deep water of the Cretan Sea. During the winter of 1988, the Cretan Sea waters were renewed mainly at intermediate levels, while during the winter of 1990 it was mainly the volume of CDW that increased. This Aegean water mass redistribution and formation process in 1990 differed from that in 1988 in two major aspects: (i) during the winter of 1990 the position of the front between the Black Sea Water and the Levantine Surface Water was displaced farther north than during the winter of 1988 and (ii) heavier waters were formed in 1990 as a result of enhanced lateral advection of salty Levantine Surface Water that enriched the intermediate waters with salt. In 1990 the 29.2 isopycnal rose to the surface of the central basin and a large volume of CDW filled the Cretan Basin. It is found that, already in 1988, the 29.2 isopycnal surface, which we assume is the lowest density of the CDW, was shallower than the Kassos Strait sill and thus CDW egressed into the Eastern Mediterranean.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1841-1859
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Aegean Sea ; Water Masses ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Using Temperature–Salinity Relations in a Global Ocean Implementation of a Multivariate Data Assimilation Scheme (2008)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: In this paper results from the application of an ocean data assimilation (ODA) system, combining a multivariate reduced-order optimal interpolator (OI) scheme with a global ocean general circulation model (OGCM), are described. The present ODA system, designed to assimilate in situ temperature and salinity observations, has been used to produce ocean reanalyses for the 1962–2001 period. The impact of assimilating observed hydrographic data on the ocean mean state and temporal variability is evaluated. A special focus of this work is on the ODA system skill in reproducing a realistic ocean salinity state. Results from a hierarchy of different salinity reanalyses, using varying combinations of assimilated data and background error covariance structures, are described. The impact of the space and time resolution of the background error covariance parameterization on salinity is addressed.
    Description: This work has been funded by the ENACT Project (Contract EVK2-CT2001-00117) for A. Bellucci and P. Di Pietro, and partially by the ENSEMBLES Project (Contract GOCE-CT-2003-505539) for A. Bellucci.
    Description: Published
    Description: 3785-3807
    Description: 3.7. Dinamica del clima e dell'oceano
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: ocean modelling ; data assimilation ; reanalysis ; upper ocean variability ; temperature ; Salinity ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.04. Ocean data assimilation and reanalysis
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
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    Interannual to Decadal Climate Predictability in the North Atlantic: A Multi-Model-Ensemble Study (2007)
    American Meteorological Society
    Details
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Ensemble experiments are performed with five coupled atmosphere–ocean models to investigate the potential for initial-value climate forecasts on interannual to decadal time scales. Experiments are started from similar model-generated initial states, and common diagnostics of predictability are used. We find that variations in the ocean meridional overturning circulation (MOC) are potentially predictable on interannual to decadal time scales, a more consistent picture of the surface temperature impact of decadal variations in the MOC is now apparent, and variations of surface air temperatures in the North Atlantic Ocean are also potentially predictable on interannual to decadal time scales, albeit with potential skill levels that are less than those seen for MOC variations. This intercomparison represents a step forward in assessing the robustness of model estimates of potential skill and is a prerequisite for the development of any operational forecasting system.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1195-1203
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: reserved
    Keywords: Decadal Climate ; North Atlantic ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.01. General::03.01.03. Global climate models ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.02. Hydrology::03.02.05. Models and Forecasts ; 03. Hydrosphere::03.03. Physical::03.03.03. Interannual-to-decadal ocean variability
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
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    Short term variations of zoo plankton community in the West Naubaria Canal, Alexandria, Egypt (2006)
    Alexandria : National Institute of Oceanography and Fisheries
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: This journal is published by NIOF, Alexandria, Egypt
    Description: The variations of zooplankton structure and abundance were studied at short time intervals in the northern part of the West Naubaria Canal, near the sea side, based on weekly sampling from May 2002 to May 2003 .The community represented high species richness (120 species), and relatively low population density ( annual average 31340 organisms/m.3). Freshwater forms were the major representatives (68 species) of the community, including the sea side station. However, several marine species were reported inside the canal at a long distance from the sea. The community structure showed wide weekly variations (4-29 species), while between stations the differences were small. Relative to salinity in the canal, diversity index sustained the highest value (annual average 1.8) at the sea side station (St. 1) with surface salinity 11.1 PSU compared to the values reported at the other stations (annual averages 1.5-1.7) with average salinity was 8.7, 7.6 and 6 PSU at stations 2, 3 & 4 respectively. The diversity index experienced also clear temporal variations at all stations, parallel to those of standing crop and number of species. The zooplankton abundance showed wide changes on both scales of time and space, with an annual average of 34.4, 17.1, 33.2 and 40.6 x 103 organisms /m3at station 1-1V respectively, and weekly values varying from a minimum of 150 organisms /m3 to a maximum of 797.7 x 103 organisms /m3. Despite of salinity differences, copepods, mainly their nauplii larvae were the absolute predominant component at all stations representing a very stable fraction of zooplankton forming 66.1%-77.9%, while different patterns of co-dominance were observed at different stations relative to salinity variations.
    Description: NIOF
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Naubaria Canal ; Zooplankton ; Salinity ; Salinity ; Zooplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution , Refereed , Article
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  • 5
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    Tests of propellers for Alvin side propulsion units (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Full scale dynamometer tests were run on a series of unshrouded propellers in the range of propeller diameters considered practical for use on the side propulsion units of the research submarine ALVIN. Measurements taken included static thrust, torque, and RPM for various values of hydraulic power input to the driving motor. In other tests, propellers having 14 inch diameter and 20 inch pitch (the present ALVIN configuration) were compared for static thrust as follows: conventional blade shape, unshrouded; conventional blade shape in ALVIN flow-accelerating nozzle unit; square-ended blades in ALVIN nozzle unit. Recommendations are given concerning the proposed new ALVIN side propulsion units.
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Propellers ; Oceanographic submersibles
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Working Paper
    Format: 3559149 bytes
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  • 6
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    W.H.O.I./Brown CTD microprofiler : methods of calibration and data handling (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This report describes calibration techniques developed over the past three years for the WHOI/Brown CTD in the Moored Array Program. Comparison is made with classical methods of hydrography for stations obtained in the MODE-1 density program. Methods for temperature lag correction and conversion of conductivity to salinity are given.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C0262; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: CTD ; Calibration ; Salinity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 7
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    Summary of the geologic dives conducted in the Gulf of Maine during 1971 and 1972 by the research submersible Alvin (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Detailed summary of geologic dives made by the submersible ALVIN in the Gulf of Maine. Report includes sampling procedures followed by the submersible, a listing and areal distribution of the samples collected, a comparison of the submersible to other sampling techniques, and the relationship of individual pilots to sampling success. Each dive is described in detail including representative bottom photographs and artist's concepts of outcrop regions.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-73-C-0097; NR 265-107, the Department of Defense Research Project Agency Contract N00014-71-C-02B4; NR 293-00B, and for the National Science Foundation Grants GA-32454 and GD-3255B.
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Geology
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 44058338 bytes
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  • 8
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    ALVIN dives on the continental margin off the southeastern United States, July 2-13, 1967 (2007)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Originally issued as Reference No. 67-80, series later renamed WHOI-
    Description: In late June and July, 1967, the Deep Submergence Research Vehicle (DSRV) ALVIN, aboard its mother snip, LULU, proceeded from the spring base of operations, Nassau, to its home port of Woods Hole. During this trip, from July 2 to July 14, a series of five dives were made by ALVIN on the Blake Plateau off Georgia and South Carolina, and on the continental slope north of Cape Hatteras.
    Description: U.S. Geological Survey Contracts 14-08-0001-10875 Nonr-3484(00).
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Lulu (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 9
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    An acoustic navigation system (2008)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report describes a system for underwater acoustic navigation developed, and in use, at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution. It includes a brief discussion of the electronic components, operation, mathematical analysis, and available computer programs. There is a series of supplementary Technical Memoranda containing more information on various aspects of the system. We believe that this kind of documentation is more flexible and better meets the needs of potential users than including all technical details in one large volume. These are not final or definitive reports; acoustic navigation capabilities will continue to evolve at W.H.O.I. for some time. Acoustic navigation provides a method of tracking a ship, and an underwater vehicle or instrument package (‘fish’), in the deep ocean. Acoustic devices attached to the ship and fish measure the length of time it takes a sound pulse to travel to acoustic transponders moored on the ocean floor. If the transponder positions and the average speed of sound are known, the ship or fish position can be found.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contracts N00014-71-C0284; NR 293-008 N00014-70-C0205; NR 263-103 and the National Science Foundation/International Decade of Ocean Exploration Grant GX-36024 and the Applied Physics Laboratory of The Johns Hopkins University Contract 372111.
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Underwater navigation ; Underwater acoustics
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 10
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    Descriptions of W.H.O.I. rock dredge samples : volume IV (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: This report is Volume IV in the series of reports entitled "Descriptions of W.H.O.I. Rock Dredge Samples." This volume is dedicated to rock samples recovered by DSV Alvin between 1971 - 1982 and includes data for all rock samples beginning with Alvin 338 and ending with Alvin 1247. The data contained in this volume is an accumulation and transcription of initial descriptions made at sea, along with post-cruise descriptions performed at the lab by the curtorial staff. Volumes I - III contain data from all W.H.O.I. dredging cruises up to 1986. Volume IV presents a digitized listing of all station data for the entire W.H.O.I. dredge/rock collection though 1986. The data in this listing are sorted by Marsden Square and can thus serve as a regional index for all rock samples included in Volumes I - IV.
    Description: Fundig was provided by the National Science Foundation under Contract No. OCE 88-00693 and the Ocean Industry Program.
    Keywords: Alvin (Submarine) ; Rocks ; Rock descriptions
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 11
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    Oceanographic data from the R.R.S. Discovery II. : International Geophysical Year cruise 3, 1958 (2008)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Originally issued as Reference No. 59-54
    Description: In August and September 1958 a number of oceanographic sections were made in the R.R.S. DISCOVERY II, Captain James Gray, under the scientific leadership of H. F. P. Herdman. These sections comprise part of a joint program undertaken by the National Institute of Oceanography and the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution for the International Geophysical Year.
    Description: The United States participation in this program was supported by the Office of Naval Research Contract Nonr 2196(00) with the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution.
    Keywords: Discovery II (Ship) International Geophysical Year Cruise 3 ; Ocean temperature ; Echo sounding ; Chemical oceanography ; Salinity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 12
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    A pendulum inclinometer for use with small deep-submersibles (2006)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The authors developed a pendulum inclinometer suitable for use with small deepsubmersibles or surface craft. The instrument uses a relatively short heavy pendulum and a viscous damping system for minimizing the effects of unwanted oscilatory motion. The pendulum relative motion is transmitted to the dial pointer through a flexible cord. The mechanism is designed so that the inclinometer gives a direct reading of the tangent of the angle of inclination. Adjustments are provided for leveling the instrument and for setting the dial to zero. Upper and lower clamping devices protect the pendulum suspension from damage during transit. The inclinometer has been used successfully in recent inclining experiments for the small research submarine Alvin.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-73-C-0097; NR 083-383.
    Keywords: Deep-submersible stability ; Submersible certification testing ; Alvin (Submarine)
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: 2232788 bytes
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