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  • CTD  (8)
  • Moored data  (7)
  • Physics
  • Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution  (16)
  • 2005-2009  (16)
  • 1980-1984
  • 1975-1979
  • 1950-1954
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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Subduction is the mechanism by which water masses formed in the mixed layer and near the surface of the ocean find their way into the upper thermocline. The subduction process and its underlying mechanisms were studied though a combination of Eulerian and Langrangian measurements of velocity, measurements of tracer distributions and hydrographic properties and modeling. An array of five surface moorings carrying meteorological and oceanographic instrumentation were deployed for a period of two years beginning in June 1991 as part of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) funded Subduction experiment. Three eight month deployments were planned. The moorings were deployed at 18°N 34°W, 18°N 22°W, 25.5°N 29°W, 33°N 22°W and 33°N 34°W. A Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) and an Improved Meteorological Recorder (IMET) collected wind speed and wind direction, sea surface temperature, air temperature, short wave radiation, barometric pressure and relative humidity. The IMET also measured precipitation. The moorings were heavily instrumented below the surface with Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCM) and single point temperature recorders. Expendable bathythermograph (XBT) data were collected and meteorological observations were made while transmitting between mooring locations. This report describes the work that took place during R/V Knorr cruise number 138 leg XV which was the fourth scheduled Subduction mooring cruise. During this cruise the moorings previously deployed for a third and final eight month period were recovered. This report includes a description of the moorings and instrumentation that were recovered, has information about the underway measurements (XBT and meteorological observations) that were made including plots of the data, and presents a chronology of the cruise events.
    Description: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-90-J-1490.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Subduction ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN138
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: This report describes calibration techniques developed over the past three years for the WHOI/Brown CTD in the Moored Array Program. Comparison is made with classical methods of hydrography for stations obtained in the MODE-1 density program. Methods for temperature lag correction and conversion of conductivity to salinity are given.
    Description: Prepared for the Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-74-C0262; NR 083-004.
    Keywords: CTD ; Calibration ; Salinity
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrograhic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9113 November 5-25, 1991 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a large-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, and during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 14 and 26 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic meaurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variabilty on the north Brazilian shelf directly influenced by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extent and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associated suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to chacterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variabilty, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrograhic observations made during the fourth AMASSEDS cruise (I9113) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Amazon River ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; Equator ; Equatorial ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9113
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: A surface mooring was deployed in the eastern tropical Pacific west of northern Chile from the R/V Melville as part of the Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC). EPIC is a CLIVAR study with the goal of investigating links between sea surface temperature variability in the eastern tropical Pacific and climate over the American continents. Important to that goal is an understanding of the role of clouds in the eastern Pacific in modulating atmosphere-ocean coupling. The mooring was deployed near 20°S 85°W, at a location near the western edge of the stratocumulus cloud deck found west of Peru and Chile. This deployment started a three-year occupation of that site by a WHOI surface mooring in order to collect accurate time series of surface forcing and upper ocean variability. The surface mooring was deployed by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). In collaboration with investigators from the University of Concepcion, Concepcion, Chile, an XBT section was made on the way out to the mooring from Arica, Chile, and an XBT and CTD section was made on the way into Arica. The buoy was equipped with meteorological instrumentation, including two Improved METeorological (IMET) systems. The mooring also carried Vector Measuring Current Meters, single-temperature recorders, and conductivity and temperature recorders located in the upper meters of the mooring line. In addition to the instrumentation noted above, a variety of other instruments, including an acoustic current meter, an acoustic doppler current profiler, a bio-optical instrument package, and an acoustic rain guage, were deployed. This report describes, in a general manner, the work that took place and the data collected during the Cook 2 cruise aboard the R/V Melville. The surface mooring deployed during this cruise will be recovered and re-deployed after approximately 12 months and again after 24 months, with a final recovery planned for 36 months after the first setting. Details of the mooring design and preliminary data from the XBT and CTD sections are included.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under grant number NA96GP0429.
    Keywords: Stratocumulus clouds ; Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Melville (Ship) Cruise Cook 2
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: A trans-Indian Ocean hydrographic section employing CTD/O2 profilers was conducted between Africa and Australia during austral spring 1987. The cruise track ranged between 29°S and 34°S; the average latitude of the crossing was 32°S. The purpose of the cruise was to explore various aspects of the South Indian Ocean including the characteristics of the core water masses of this ocean, the strength of the subtropical gyre, the structure and transport of deep western-boundary currents, and the net meridional heat flux. A total of 109 CTD/O2 profiles with associated rosette water sample measurements and 347 XBT profiles were collected, supplemented by underway upper ocean velocity, bathymetric and sea surface temperature and salinity data. This report detals the data collection, calibration, and reduction methods, and summarizes the hydrographic observations.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 86-14497.
    Keywords: CTD ; Hydrographic ; Charles Darwin (Ship) Cruise CD29
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrographic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9004 May 23-June 13, 1990 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a small-scale survey on Leg 1 in support of mooring deployment operations, during a large-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 12 and 24 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations, and during a bottom tripod recovery on Leg 5. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic measurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variabilty on the North Brazilian shelf directly influenced by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extend and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associate suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to characterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variabilty, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during the third AMASSEDS cruise (I9004) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9004
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: An array of five surface moorings carrying meteorological and oceanographic instrumentation was deployed for a period of two years beginning in June 1991 as part of an Office of Naval Research (ONR) funded Subduction experiment. Three eight month deployments were carried out. The five mooring locations were 18°N 34°W, 18°N 22°W, 25.5°N 29°W, 33°N 22°W and 33°N 34°W. Two Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) and three Scripps Institution of Oceanography (SIO) moorings collected oceanographic and meteorological data, using a 3-meter discus or 2-meter toroid buoy and multiple Vector Measuring Current Meters (VMCMs), an Acoustic Doppler Current Profiler (ADCP) and Brancker temperature recorders (tpods). The surface buoys carried a Vector Averaging Wind Recorder (VAWR) and, on four of the five moorings, an Improved Meteorological Recorder (IMET) which measured wind speed and wind direction, sea surface temperature, air temperature, short wave radiation, barometric pressure and relative humidity. The IMET also measured precipitation. The VMCMs, ADCP and tpods, placed at depths 1 m to 3500 m, measured oceanic velocities and temperatures. This report presents meteorological and oceanographic data from the WHOI Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOP) and the SIO Instrument and Development Group (lDG) instruments and contains summaries of the instruments used, their depths, mooring positions, mooring deployment and recovery times, and data return. Appendices contain information on supplementary Subduction data sets.
    Description: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-90-J-1490.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Subduction ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC240 ; Oceanus (Ship : 1975-) Cruise OC250 ; Charles Darwin (Ship) Cruise CD73 ; Knorr (Ship : 1970-) Cruise KN138
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 8
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: AQUI89 is a real-time shipboard Conductivity Temperature Depth profiler (CTD) data acquisition system used at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution to collect, preview and store (log) data from the WHOI/Brown Mark III CTD microprofiler on a MicroVAX II computer, running the VAX/VMS operating system, version 5.3. This manual contains the instructions for operation of the AQUI89 data acquisition system version 1.0.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. OCE87-12087 and OCE90-05218.
    Keywords: CTD ; Acquisition ; Operator's guide
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2022-05-25
    Description: Hydrographic (CTD) and acoustic Doppler current profiler (ADCP) observations were made on the North Brazil shelf adjacent to the mouth of the Amazon River during R/V Iselin cruise I9002 February 10-March 29, 1990 as part of A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study (AMASSEDS). These observations were obtained during a small-scale survey on Leg 1 in support of mooring deployment operations, during a lage-scale survey on Leg 3 in support of geological and geochemical sampling, during a frontal zone survey on Leg 4 consisting of 12 and 24 hourly CTD casts at anchored stations, and during a bottom tripod recovery on Leg 5. The maximum sampling depth at each station was within two meters of the bottom. The primary objectives of the AMASSEDS hydrographic measurement program were (a) to observe and characterize the temperature, salinity, density, oxygen, fluorescence and light transmission fields and their spatial variability on the North Brazilian shelf directly influence by the Amazon River discharge, (b) to resolve the seaward extent and vertical structure of the surface plume of low salinity Amazon River water during different stages of river discharge, (c) to describe the spatial structure of the turbidity and associate suspended sediment distributions across the shelf, (d) to characterize the properties of the Amazon shelf water beneath the surface plume and their seasonal variability, and (e) to describe the landward penetration of the North Brazil Current with respect to water properties and shelf currents. This report represents a summary in graphic and tabular form of the hydrographic observations made during the seond AMASSEDS cruise (I9002) on the R/V Iselin.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation through Grant No. OCE 88-12917.
    Keywords: Hydrography ; CTD ; Suspended sediment ; AmasSeds (A Multidisciplinary Amazon Shelf SEDiment Study) ; North Brazil Coastal Region ; Columbus Iselin (Ship) Cruise CI9002
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: A series of laboratory intercalibrations of a CTD system were undertaken between 1986 and 1990 as part of cooperative research program between the United States (US) and People's Republic of China (PRC). A comparison of US and PRC calibration facility standards is carried out using a NBIS/EG&G Marine Instruments Mark IIIb CTD system as a "quasi-transfer standard." When compared with the quoted accuracy of the calibration facilities, pressure was found to be more accurate and temperatue was about as accurate as stated. The conductivity standard differences between facilities are difficult to assess because of the CTD conductivity sensor drift.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanographic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant No. NA85-AA-d-AC117.
    Keywords: CTD ; Calibration ; Intercalibration
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Numerical weather forecasting model products were acquired for use in the Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment to augment in situ observations of meteorological parameters (e.g., wind speed and direction, air temperature and relative humidity) at a moored array of buoys in the Middle Atlantic Bight. In this report, the Eta and Rapid Update Cycle (RUC) regional models are described and the two methods of acquisition via the Internet, the Internet Data Distribution (IDD) system and file transfer (FTP) from the NOAA Information Center's data server, are discussed. Processing and archival of the model data are also addressed. Data from the CMO central mooring and six National Data Buoy Center (NDBC) buoys in the Middle Atlantic bight were used to evaluate the accuracy of the model products. Comparisons between model and in situ wind speed, wind direction, barometrc pressure, air temperature and sea surface temperature were possible for all seven of the buoys. Since no moisture measurement was made from the NDBC buoys, comparisons of relative and specific humidity were only possible at the CMO buoy. Sensible and latent heat fluxes and global (net) radiation from the models were compared to estimates of heat fluxes and net radiation from the CMO central buoy.
    Description: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. NOO014-95-1-0339.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Numerical weather forecasting models ; Coastal Mixing and Optics (CMO) Experiment
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Tropical Ocean - Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean - Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE) was conceived in order to improve understanding of the principal processes responsible for coupling of the ocean and atmosphere in the western Pacific warm pool region. Field work for TOGA COARE was concentrated in an Intensive Flux Array (IFA) and included a variety of atmospheric and oceanic platforms. The Upper Ocean Processes Group (UOPG) was involved in TOGA COARE through the preparation, deployment, and recovery of a heavily instrumented surface mooring for the observation of air-sea fluxes and oceanic temperature, salinity, and currents in the upper 300 m. The mooring was deployed at 1°,45.27'S, 155°,59.73'E on 21 October 1992 in 1744 m of water. An instrument check-out cruise was undertaken in December of 1992 in order to evaluate the meteorological systems on the buoy. The mooring was recovered on 4 March 1993. This report describes mooring deployment operations, the instrument check-out cruise, and the mooring recovery. UOPG personnel also assisted with the deployment and recovery of five other moorings as a part of the COARE IFA and these operations are discussed.
    Description: Funding provided by the National Science Foundation under grants OCE-9110554 and OCE-9110559.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Western Pacific warm pool ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise WE92-10A ; Wecoma (Ship) Cruise WE93-02A ; le Noroit (Ship) Cruise
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 13
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    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: AQUI89 is a real-time shipboard Conductivity Temperature Depth profiler (CTD) data acquisition system used at the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution to collect, preview and store (log) data from the WHOI/Brown Mark III CTD microprofiler on a MicroVAX II computer, running the VAX/VMS operating system, version 5.3. This manual contains the instructions for the installation of the AQUI89 data acquisition system version 1.0.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Science Foundation under Grant Nos. OCE87-12087 and OCE90-05218.
    Keywords: CTD ; Acquisition ; Installation maual
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 14
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: In 2001, the Geophysical Fluid Dynamics Summer Study Program grappled with Conceptual Models of the Climate. Eli Tziperman (Weizman Institute), Paola Cessi (Scripps Institution of Oceanography) and Ray Pierre- Humbert (University of Chicago) provided the principal lectures. This introduction gave us all a glimpse into the complex problem of the climate, both in the present, past and future, and even on other planets. As always, the next weeks of the program were filled with many seminars from the visitors, and culminated in the fellow's reports.
    Keywords: Climatic changes ; Physics
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Long Term Evolution and Coupling of the Boundary Layers Study (referred to as the Stratus Project) is an effort to obtain a reliable multi-year dataset of meteorological and subsurface measurements beneath the stratus cloud deck off the coast of Chile and Peru. This data will improve our understanding of the role of clouds in ocean-atmosphere coupling. This project is part of the Eastern Pacific Investigation of Climate (EPIC), a NOAA-funded Climate Variability (CLIVAR) study. During the Stratus 2002 cruise, a surface mooring that had been deployed for one year off the coast of Chile was recovered, and a new surface mooring was deployed in the same location. The 2002 deployment starts the final year of a three-year occupation of the site by a Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI) mooring as part of the Enhanced Monitoring element of EPIC. The occupation of the site will be continued under the NOAA Climate Observations Program, with the mooring serving as a Surface Reference Site. The Stratus buoys were equipped with surface meteorological instrumentation, mainly two Improved METeorological (IMET) systems. The moorings also carried subsurface equipment attached to the mooring line, which measured conductivity, temperature, current direction and velocity, chlorophyll-a, and rainfall. The moorings were recovered and deployed by the Upper Ocean Processes Group of WHOI from the Scripps Institution of Oceanography’s R/V Melville. In collaboration with investigators from the Chilean Navy Hydrographic and Oceanographic Service (SHOA) and the University of Concepcion, Chile, conductivity, temperature, and depth (CTD) profiles were obtained at the mooring site and along 20°S while steaming east from the mooring site.
    Description: Funding was provided by the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration under Grant Number NA17RJ1223.
    Keywords: STRATUS ; Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Melville (Ship) Cruise Vanc03
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
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  • 16
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: The Arabian Sea is characterized by strong, large-scale atmospheric forcing during the summer (southwest) and winter (northeast) monsoons. To investigate air-sea interactions related to this unique surface forcing, a moored array was deployed from 15 October 1994 to 19 October 1995 just south of a region that experiences the climatological maximum winds during the summer monsoon. The array consisted of two Scripps Institution of Oceanography surface toroid buoys, two University of Washington subsurface moorings and a surface 3 m discus buoy deployed by the Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution (WHOI). The WHOI buoy carried redundant meteorological packages to measure wind speed and direction, air temperature, relative humidity, barometrc pressure, incoming short- and long-wave radiation and precipitation. Oceanographic instrumentation was deployed on the WHOI buoy's bridle and mooring line to collect time series of temperatue, salinity and velocity at various depths. Four multi-varable moored systems (MVMS) were also deployed along the mooring line by the Lamont-Doherty Earth Observatory and the University of California at Santa Barbara to record both bio-optical and physical parameters. This report describes the instrumentation deployed on the WHOI buoy and the processing and editing of the returned data. The data are then summarized in graphical and tabular formats.
    Description: Funding provided by the Office of Naval Research under Contract No. N00014-94-1-0161.
    Keywords: Air-sea interaction ; Moored data ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN40 ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN46 ; Thomas G. Thompson (Ship) Cruise TN52
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
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