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  • Biochemistry and Biotechnology  (3,182)
  • Astrophysics
  • Female
  • Spacecraft Design, Testing and Performance
  • 2005-2009  (2,771)
  • 1990-1994  (3,849)
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  • 1
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    1981 summer study program in geophysical fluid dynamics : physics of convection (2009)
    Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-26
    Description: Reexploring convection and its various transitions to chaotic behavior were the central themes of GFD 1981. Our principal lecturer, Dr. Edward A. Spiegel, provided both a rich historical picture and stimulating hours at the current frontiers of this topic. Before the summer was out his research lecture on "A Tale of Two Methods" elegantly merged Pierre Coullet's canonical formalism for studying dynamical systems in a central manifold and the more traditional two-timing amplitude expansions near critical points. Other lecture sequences on convection and its relation to simpler dynamical systems ranged from the fine presentations of John Guckenheimer on bifurcation theory to Fritz Busse's survey of his immense contributions to our understanding of nonlinear convection. The list of other lectures found on the following pages attests to our summer-long exposure to convection in the ocean, the atmosphere, the earth's core and mantle, and in the sun. August brought lectures on new observations of convection in the laboratories of physicists. Albert Libchaber's precise experiments on the many routes convection can take to turbulence, with parallel laboratory and numerical experiments described by J. Gollub and E. Siggia, added much to our language of inquiry.
    Description: Office of Naval Research under Contract N00014-81-G-0089.
    Keywords: Convection ; Astrophysics
    Repository Name: Woods Hole Open Access Server
    Type: Technical Report
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Verapamil induces increased bone volume and osteopenia in female rats but has the opposite effect in male rats (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 524-526 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Verapamil ; Bone ; Osteopenia ; Rat ; Female ; Intestinal calcium absorption
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Verapamil inhibits the intestinal absorption of calcium (Ca) and increases serum parathyroid hormone in rats. The effects of verapamil on bone tissue after long-term treatment is, however, not well described. Adult female and male Sprague-Dawley rats received verapamil in their drinking water at a dosage of 0.075 mg/ml (low dose) or 0.75 mg/ml (high dose) for 12 weeks; control rats received only drinking water. All rats were fed a diet containing 0.1% Ca and 0.5% P. In female rats, the amount of bone ash per volume was significantly reduced from 0.742 g/ml in controls to 0.713 g/ml after low-dose treatment of verapamil, and to 0.667 g/ml following high-dose treatment (P〈0.01). The tibial length was increased from 39.7 mm in controls to 40.3 mm or to 40.7 mm after low or high doses (P〈0.01). The tibial volume increased from 0.385 ml in controls to 0.397 ml after low doses and to 0.429 ml after high doses (P〈0.01). In contrast, in male rats the amount of bone ash per volume was significantly increased from 0.578 g/ml in controls to 0.580 g/ml after low doses and to 0.620 g/ml after high doses of verapamil (P〈0.01). The tibial bone volume in males as decreased from 0.633 ml in controls to 0.641 ml after low doses and to 0.583 ml after high doses (P〈0.05). The tibial length in the males was not changed by verapamil. The intestinal absorption of Ca was reduced in male rats from 5.28 in controls to 4.03 (serosa/mucosa) after low-dose treatment and to 2.46 after high-dose treatment with verapamil (P〈0.05). In female rats, the intestinal absorption of Ca did not change after verapamil treatment. Thus, chronic treatment with verapamil in female rats induced osteopenia whereas in male rats bone growth was inhibited.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00582167
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cigarette smoking, steroid hormones, and bone mineral density in young women (1992)
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 50 (1992), S. 300-305 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Female ; Smoking ; Estradiol ; Testosterone ; Sex hormone-binding globulin ; Cortisol ; Bone density
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary There are few studies of the effect of smoking on bone density in young women. The reported antiestrogenic effect of smoking could be a mechanism for a possible effect of smoking on bone. We measured bone mineral density (BMD) by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (whole body, proximal femur, lumbar spine), and serum levels (midfollicular phase) of testosterone (T), estradiol (E2), sex hormone-binding globulin (SHBG), and cortisol in 52 women (25 smokers, 27 nonsmokers) aged 20–35 years. The two groups did not differ significantly in age, height, weight, or the sum of eight skinfold thicknesses. The mean number of cigarettes smoked per day and the number of years of smoking were 16.9 and 12.9, respectively. There were no significant differences in BMD between smokers and nonsmokers at any site. For both smokers and nonsmokers, SHBG and the free androgen index (T/SHBG) made significant contributions (P〈0.005) to the variance in BMD at all sitesexcept the lumbar spine. The free estradiol index (E2/SHBG) contributed to whole body BMD (P〈0.05). For all subjects, there were significant inverse relationships between SHBG and BMD (P〈0.002), and positive relationships between T/SHBG and BMD (P〈0.02) for all sites except the lumbar spine. These data suggest that moderate smoking in young women is not associated with low BMD at any site. However, smokers had lower free estradiol and higher SHBG, both of which have been related to increased bone loss in older women.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00301626
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Actin stringently accumulated in the specifically positioned, differentiating female gametangia of Allomyces (1992)
    Springer
    Sexual plant reproduction 5 (1992), S. 310-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2145
    Keywords: Actin ; Female ; Gametangia ; Differentiation ; Allomyces
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Summary Female gametangia of the normal bisexual Allomyces species are richer in fluorescently probed (FITC) actin, independent of their apical or subapical positioning during differentiation on the fertile hyphae. The anti-actin, cytochalasin D, can selectively suppress male differentiation in both species.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00197384
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    High speed flows and shock waves in astrophysical problems (1994)
    Springer
    Shock waves 3 (1994), S. 249-259 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-2153
    Keywords: Astrophysics ; Galactic shock waves ; Solar wind
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics , Technology
    Notes: Abstract Typical problems of high speed flows and shock waves in astrophysical environment are reviewed in the present paper. The emphases are especially to the solar wind acceleration, the jet structure of radio galaxies and Quasars, the galactic shock waves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01414719
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fast inferential adaptive optimization of a continuous yeast culture based on carbon dioxide evolution rate (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 8-14 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A fast inferential, multivariable adaptive optimization algorithm based on a fast responding off-gas data, the carbon dioxide evolution rate (CER), has been developed and applied to a continuous baker's yeast culture to maximize the cellular productivity in simulation and experimental studies. In the simulation study the process was optimized based on CER measurements using readily available steady-state data on the ratio between the cellular productivity and the CER. It was shown that the algorithm is two to three times faster than the algorithm based on cell mass concentration measurements. In the experimental study the CER was maximized without any information on the relationship between the cellular productivity and the CER. It took about 40 h for the process to converge, while about 80 h was required when the optimization was based on cell mass measurements. The attained steady state was found to be different but fairly close to that obtained with cell measurements. Briefly discussed is a switching to the cell-mass-based algorithm at the final stage of the optimization to overcome a potential inaccuracy.
    Additional Material: 3 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350103
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Oxygen transfer rates in a mammalian cell culture bioreactor equipped with a cell-lift impeller (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 43-49 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: Measurements of kLa were carried out in 1. 5- and 5-L New Brunswick Scientific CelliGen® bioreactors. The measured kLa in water were identical for both vessel sizes operated in similar condition. The mass transfer rate increased with temperature, mixing speed, and aeration rate, with this last parameter being the most significant. Surface aeration alone gave kLa values of 0. 4 to 1. 6 h-1. A 25% decrease in kLa was observed above an aeration rate of 1. 6 vvm. This was caused by the particular foam breaker of the CelliGen bioreactor. Measurements of kLa using a mammalian cell culture medium supplemented with 5% fetal calf serum (FCS) have confirmed the negative effect of the foam breaker on kLa The measured value in this medium was 1. 2 h-1 for all aeration rates, more than 60% of which was attributed to surface aeration.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350107
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An active insoluble aggregate of E. coli β-galactosidase (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 94-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350113
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ glucose monitoring in fermentation broth by “sandwiched” glucose-oxidase electrode (SGE) (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 103-107 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350115
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    In situ methane enrichment in anaerobic digestion (1990)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biotechnology and Bioengineering 35 (1990), S. 73-86 
    Details
    ISSN: 0006-3592
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Biochemistry and Biotechnology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Process Engineering, Biotechnology, Nutrition Technology
    Notes: A major cost consideration in the use of anaerobic digestion to convert biomass and waste to utility-grade gas is the expense of separating CO2 from the product gas. Anaerobic digestion has a number of inherent properties that can be exploited to increase the methane content of the gas directly produced by the digester, the most important of which is the high solubility of CO2(40-60 times that of methane) in water under digestion conditions. The methane enrichment concept examined in this study involved the recirculation of a liquid stream from the digester through a CO2 desorption process and the return of the liquid stream back to the digester for absorption of additional CO2 produced by the conversion of organic materials. A steady-state equilibrium model predicted that a digester gas methane content exceeding 94% could be achieved with this scheme using modest recirculation rates provided a desorption process could be designed to achieve a 60+% CO2 removal efficiency in the degassing of the liquid recycle stream. Using fixed-film laboratory digesters operated on synthetic feedstocks, the technique of methane enrichment was tested under pressurized and unpressurized conditions. A 93 + 2% methane gas stream was produced from a volatile-acid-fed bench-scale digester simulating the methanogenic stage of two-phase digestion under conditions of (1) a pH swing achieved without caustic addition that allowed digestion at pH 7. 5 and air stripping at pH 6. 5-7. 0, (2) digester pressurization to 30 psig, and (3) a recycle rate of 0. 33 L/L reactor/day. Significant but lower levels of methane enrichment were achieved with the single-stage digester at the low experimental recycle rate. However, the narrow range among all experiments of CO2 desorption efficiencies achieved in air stripping the recycle stream (35-60% CO2 removal) suggests that comparable methane enrichment-may be achieved with unpressurized single-stage digestion using greater recycle rates. A materials balance analysis of data from an unpressurized, single-stage digester employing no chemical addition and using laboratory degassing efficiencies indicated that 94% methane could be produced at recycle rates of less than 1. 4 L/L reactor/day with a methane loss of less than 2%.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/bit.260350111
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