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  • Articles  (6)
  • tagging  (5)
  • Chemistry
  • United States
  • 2005-2009
  • 1995-1999  (6)
  • Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism  (6)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The design of the TEI encoding scheme (1995)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 29 (1995), S. 17-39 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: TEI ; text encoding ; encoding schemes ; electronic text ; markup language ; tagging ; SGML
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract This paper discusses the basic design of the encoding scheme described by the Text Encoding Initiative'sGuidelines for Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange (TEI document number TEI P3, hereafter simplyP3 orthe Guidelines). It first reviews the basic design goals of the TEI project and their development during the course of the project. Next, it outlines some basic notions relevant for the design of any markup language and uses those notions to describe the basic structure of the TEI encoding scheme. It also describes briefly the “core” tag set defined in chapter 6 of P3, and the “default text structure” defined in chapter 7 of that work. The final section of the paper attempts an evaluation of P3 in the light of its original design goals, and outlines areas in which further work is still needed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01830314
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Encoding verse texts (1995)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 29 (1995), S. 99-111 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: SGML ; verse ; poetry ; tagging ; text encoding ; TEI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract This article identifies problems and proposes solutions for encoding verse texts in SGML. It is organized around a series of distinctions and oppositions which the TEI Work Group on Verse regard as significant. These include examination of the formal properties which distinguish verse from prose, followed by discussions of (1) text-searching vs analysis, (2) markup vs algorithms, (3) markup vs transcription, (4) uniformity vs choice, (5) specificity vs generality, (6) metrical convention vs linguistic realization, (7) structural vs non-structural divisions and (8) fidelity vs interpretation. Using German and English verse forms as illustrations, the advantages and disadvantages of pre-line tagging, in-line tagging and feature structure analysis are discussed. We suggest that metrical and rhyme conventions always be tagged at the highest possible level of text divisions.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01830704
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating nineteenth-century Canadian and American census data sets (1996)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 30 (1996), S. 381-392 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: comparative demographic history ; census ; data set integration ; ICAPUMS ; IPUMS ; coding schemes ; Canada ; United States
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract The comparative use of census data is a useful way to study social characteristics across national boundaries. However, truly comparative demographic history is not possible without fully integrating separate census data, uniting multiple data files with a common set of comparably coded variables. This paper describes the integration of the 1871 Canadian census public use sample with similar samples of the 1850 and 1880 American censuses to form the Integrated Canadian-American Public Use Microdata Series (ICAPUMS). These data sets lent themselves well to integration because of their strong similarities in sampling design, data collection and data organization. Consistency in the availability and treatment of variables also eased integration of the samples, although the harmonization of occupation variables presented significant challenges. The ICAPUMS features a general household relationship variable which allows us to examine household structure across the two countries and three years. The paper concludes by proposing some general principles of census data set integration. This integrated data set is now available to researchers on the website of the University of Minnesota Historical Census Projects (www.hist.umn.edu/~ipums).
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00054021
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The century of prose corpus: A half-million word historical data base (1995)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 29 (1995), S. 327-337 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: Century of Prose Corpus ; COPC ; historical corpora ; literary corpora ; tagging ; text markup
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract The Century of Prose Corpus is a historical corpus of British English of the period 1680–1780. It has been designed to provide a resource for students of the language of that era. The COPC is diachronic and may be considered a unit in what will eventually become a series of corpora providing access to the whole of the English language from the oldest specimens to the present. This article describes and explains the various features of the COPC.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF02279525
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The show must go on:1 Problems of tagging performance texts (1995)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 29 (1995), S. 113-121 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: SGML ; tagging ; performance texts ; theater ; TEI
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract A dramatic work may be seen either as an event or as a text; the TEI guidelines make it possible to encode a dramatic work in either way, but do not attempt to solve the difficult problem of doing both at once. The basic element of a dramatic work, when seen as a text, is the speech; the guidelines also provide elements for encoding other familiar parts of dramatic texts (such as stage directions and cast lists), as well as for encoding analytic information on various aspects of texts and performances that is not normally included in printed dramatic texts. There are often other formal structures in dramatic works that intersect with the structure of speeches — metrical structures, for example; we discuss approaches for encoding these structures.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01830705
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The TEI: History, goals, and future (1995)
    Springer
    Computers and the humanities 29 (1995), S. 5-15 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8412
    Keywords: TEI ; electronic texts ; text encoding ; encoding standards ; SGML ; tagging
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science , Media Resources and Communication Sciences, Journalism
    Notes: Abstract This paper traces the history of the Text Encoding Initiative, through the Vassar Conference and the Poughkeepsie Principles to the publication, in May 1994, of theGuidelines for the Electronic Text Encoding and Interchange. The authors explain the types of questions that were raised, the attempts made to resolve them, the TEI project's aims, the general organization of the TEI committees, and they discuss the project's future.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01830313
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