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  • Astronomy  (2,041)
  • 2005-2009  (1,062)
  • 1995-1999  (979)
  • 1955-1959
  • 1950-1954
  • 1935-1939
  • 1
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    Radiation Safety Problems in the Caspian Region (2005)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Astronomy ; Cardiology ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Nuclear chemistry ; Radiology, Medical
    ISBN: 9781402023781
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-2378-2
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 2
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    Natural Fullerenes and Related Structures of Elemental Carbon (2006)
    Dordrecht : Springer
    Details
    Keywords: Astronomy ; Chemistry, Physical organic ; Geochemistry ; Life sciences ; Planetology ; Plasma (Ionized gases)
    ISBN: 9781402041358
    URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4135-7
    Language: English
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    E-BOOK
  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Measurements of the direction of the solar wind using interplanetary scintillation (1998)
    Springer
    Annales geophysicae 16 (1998), S. 1259-1264 
    Details
    ISSN: 0992-7689
    Keywords: Solar physics ; Astrophysics ; Astronomy ; Magnetic fields ; Space plasma physics ; Charged particle motion and acceleration
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Geosciences , Physics
    Notes: Abstract EISCAT observations of the interplanetary scintillation of a single source were made over an extended period of time, during which the orientation of the baselines between the two observing sites changed significantly. Assuming that maximum correlation between the scintillations observed at the two sites occurs when the projected baseline is parallel to the direction of plasma flow, this technique can be used to make a unique determination of the direction of the solar wind. In the past it has usually been assumed that the plasma flow is radial, but measurements of eleven sources using this technique have indicated conclusively that in at least six cases observed at mid or high heliocentric latitude there is a significant non-radial component directed in four cases towards the heliocentric equator and in two cases towards the pole.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00585-998-1259-3
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
    Fulltext
  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Automated analysis and exploration of image databases: Results, progress, and challenges (1995)
    Springer
    Journal of intelligent information systems 4 (1995), S. 7-25 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-7675
    Keywords: Machine Learning ; Pattern Recognition ; Automated Data Analysis ; Astronomy ; Sky Surveys ; Image Processing ; Large Image Databases
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Computer Science
    Notes: Abstract In areas as diverse as earth remote sensing, astronomy, and medical imaging, image acquisition technology has undergone tremendous improvements in recent years. The vast amounts of scientific data are potential treasure-troves for scientific investigation and analysis. Unfortunately, advances in our ability to deal with this volume of data in an effective manner have not paralleled the hardware gains. While special-purpose tools for particular applications exist, there is a dearth of useful general-purpose software tools and algorithms which can assist a scientist in exploring large scientific image databases. This paper presents our recent progress in developing interactive semi-automated image database exploration tools based on pattern recognition and machine learning technology. We first present a completed and successful application that illustrates the basic approach: the SKICAT system used for the reduction and analysis of a 3 terabyte astronomical data set. SKICAT integrates techniques from image processing, data classification, and database management. It represents a system in which machine learning played a powerful and enabling role, and solved a difficult, scientifically significant problem. We then proceed to discuss the general problem of automated image database exploration, the particular aspects of image databases which distinguish them from other databases, and how this impacts the application of off-the-shelf learning algorithms to problems of this nature. A second large image database is used to ground this discussion: Magellan's images of the surface of the planet Venus. The paper concludes with a discussion of current and future challenges.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00962819
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    Paper (German National Licenses)
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  • 5
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    UV irradiation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in ices: production of alcohols, quinones, and ethers (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-02-19
    Description: Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in water ice were exposed to ultraviolet (UV) radiation under astrophysical conditions, and the products were analyzed by infrared spectroscopy and mass spectrometry. Peripheral carbon atoms were oxidized, producing aromatic alcohols, ketones, and ethers, and reduced, producing partially hydrogenated aromatic hydrocarbons, molecules that account for the interstellar 3.4-micrometer emission feature. These classes of compounds are all present in carbonaceous meteorites. Hydrogen and deuterium atoms exchange readily between the PAHs and the ice, which may explain the deuterium enrichments found in certain meteoritic molecules. This work has important implications for extraterrestrial organics in biogenesis.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Bernstein, M P -- Sandford, S A -- Allamandola, L J -- Gillette, J S -- Clemett, S J -- Zare, R N -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 19;283(5405):1135-8.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉NASA-Ames Research Center, Mail Stop 245-6, Moffett Field, CA 94035-1000, USA. mbernstein@mail.arc.nasa.gov〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10024233" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Alcohols/chemistry ; Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; Deuterium/chemistry ; Ethers/chemistry ; *Evolution, Chemical ; *Exobiology ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; *Ice ; Mass Spectrometry ; Meteoroids ; Origin of Life ; Oxidation-Reduction ; Photolysis ; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/*chemistry ; Quinones/chemistry ; Spectrophotometry, Infrared ; *Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 6
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    A barely tested hypothesis (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-12-28
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Hogg, D W -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Nov 26;286(5445):1679.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10610561" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; *Biological Evolution ; Selection, Genetic
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 7
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    Molecules on a space odyssey (1999)
    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    Details
    Publication Date: 1999-03-13
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ehrenfreund, P -- New York, N.Y. -- Science. 1999 Feb 19;283(5405):1123-4.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Austrian Academy of Sciences and at Leiden Observatory, Leiden, The Netherlands. pascale@strw.leidenuniv.nl〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10075570" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; *Cosmic Dust ; Deuterium/chemistry ; Earth (Planet) ; *Evolution, Chemical ; *Exobiology ; Hydrogen/chemistry ; Ice ; Meteoroids ; Origin of Life ; Polycyclic Hydrocarbons, Aromatic/*chemistry ; Ultraviolet Rays
    Print ISSN: 0036-8075
    Electronic ISSN: 1095-9203
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Computer Science , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
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  • 8
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    Change of guard for Australian science (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-10-10
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Dennis, Carina -- England -- Nature. 2008 Oct 9;455(7214):716. doi: 10.1038/455716a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18843326" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; Australia ; Science/*organization & administration/trends ; Sex Factors ; Stem Cells
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 9
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    A longer paper gathers more citations (2008)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2008-09-19
    Description: 〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Ball, Philip -- England -- Nature. 2008 Sep 18;455(7211):274-5. doi: 10.1038/455274a.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18800099" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Astronomical Phenomena ; Astronomy ; *Bibliometrics ; Peer Review, Research/standards ; Publishing/*statistics & numerical data ; Research/*statistics & numerical data ; Time Factors
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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  • 10
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    A role for self-gravity at multiple length scales in the process of star formation (2009)
    Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2009-01-06
    Description: Self-gravity plays a decisive role in the final stages of star formation, where dense cores (size approximately 0.1 parsecs) inside molecular clouds collapse to form star-plus-disk systems. But self-gravity's role at earlier times (and on larger length scales, such as approximately 1 parsec) is unclear; some molecular cloud simulations that do not include self-gravity suggest that 'turbulent fragmentation' alone is sufficient to create a mass distribution of dense cores that resembles, and sets, the stellar initial mass function. Here we report a 'dendrogram' (hierarchical tree-diagram) analysis that reveals that self-gravity plays a significant role over the full range of possible scales traced by (13)CO observations in the L1448 molecular cloud, but not everywhere in the observed region. In particular, more than 90 per cent of the compact 'pre-stellar cores' traced by peaks of dust emission are projected on the sky within one of the dendrogram's self-gravitating 'leaves'. As these peaks mark the locations of already-forming stars, or of those probably about to form, a self-gravitating cocoon seems a critical condition for their existence. Turbulent fragmentation simulations without self-gravity-even of unmagnetized isothermal material-can yield mass and velocity power spectra very similar to what is observed in clouds like L1448. But a dendrogram of such a simulation shows that nearly all the gas in it (much more than in the observations) appears to be self-gravitating. A potentially significant role for gravity in 'non-self-gravitating' simulations suggests inconsistency in simulation assumptions and output, and that it is necessary to include self-gravity in any realistic simulation of the star-formation process on subparsec scales.〈br /〉〈br /〉〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3817203/" target="_blank"〉〈img src="https://static.pubmed.gov/portal/portal3rc.fcgi/4089621/img/3977009" border="0"〉〈/a〉   〈a href="https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3817203/" target="_blank"〉This paper as free author manuscript - peer-reviewed and accepted for publication〈/a〉〈br /〉〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Notes: 〈/span〉Goodman, Alyssa A -- Rosolowsky, Erik W -- Borkin, Michelle A -- Foster, Jonathan B -- Halle, Michael -- Kauffmann, Jens -- Pineda, Jaime E -- P41 RR013218/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- P41 RR013218-12/RR/NCRR NIH HHS/ -- U54 EB005149/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- U54 EB005149-05/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- U54-EB005149/EB/NIBIB NIH HHS/ -- England -- Nature. 2009 Jan 1;457(7225):63-6. doi: 10.1038/nature07609.〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Author address: 〈/span〉Initiative in Innovative Computing at Harvard, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02138, USA. agoodman@cfa.harvard.edu〈br /〉〈span class="detail_caption"〉Record origin:〈/span〉 〈a href="http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/19122636" target="_blank"〉PubMed〈/a〉
    Keywords: Algorithms ; Astronomy ; Carbon Monoxide/analysis ; Computer Simulation ; *Gravitation ; Stars, Celestial/*chemistry
    Print ISSN: 0028-0836
    Electronic ISSN: 1476-4687
    Topics: Biology , Chemistry and Pharmacology , Medicine , Natural Sciences in General , Physics
    Published by Nature Publishing Group (NPG)
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