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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die Arbeit untersucht, inwieweit die rechnergestützte Analyse digitaler Luft- und Satellitenbilddaten bestehende Verfahren im Umweltmonitoring optimieren kann. Zunächst wird der Stand der Forschung im Bereich "Fernerkundung im Umweltmonitoring" dokumentiert, bevor die verschiedenen Vorprozessierungen (Mosaikierung, Atmosphärenkorrektur etc.) der Daten erläutert werden. Anschließend wird der Stand der Forschung für Klassifikationsverfahren und Methoden der Veränderungsanalysen erarbeitet, bevor die eigenen zum Teil neu entwickelten Verfahren/Methoden angewandt werden; die Nachvollziehbarkeit bildet hier einen Schwerpunkt. Die Ergebnisse münden in einen Praxisleitfaden. Die kritische Auseinandersetzung mit möglichen Fehlerquellen soll dem Leser helfen, die Leistungsfähigkeit der Verfahren abzuschätzen. Ein Ausblick auf zukünftige Einsatzmöglichkeiten von Fernerkundungsdaten im Umweltmonitoring bildet den Schluß; im Vordergrund stehen ethische Fragen sowie die Rolle des Internets.
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 550.28 ; 550 ; VBH 000 ; Fernerkundung
    Language: German
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 338 S.
    Format: application/pdf
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Geology as a science has an important visual component and the knowledge of any geologist is deeply linked to visual experience of rock outcrops, thin sections and analytical images. One of the shortcomings of most geological images such as maps, cross sections and outcrop photographs is that they are 2D, while processes geologists are interested in are typically occurring in 3D space. The 3D geometry of faults, fractures and joints is crucial to quantify geological processes related to fracture mechanics, such as hydrothermal mineralization and ground water flow, but also geotechnical problems such as rock mass stability. A number of studies have shown that some geological structures can be described with a scale invariant, fractal distribution. So far these observations on which these findings are based were restricted to one and two dimensions and has been difficult to obtain a full spatial geometric picture of fracture sets from rock outcrops, because much of the rock is not directly accessible. However, without taking into account the spatial distribution of geological structures the true geometry of joint patterns cannot be fully described and scaling laws, fractal or not, cannot be derived. We present images of joint patterns based on datasets acquired by digital photographs which are processed to three dimensional images using the photogrammetry software Siro3D. This technique allows to obtain a highly accurate 3D picture of the visible outcrop. The spatial pattern of joints in nature is investigated using the software SiroJoint. For the analysis of joint systems a large data set was collected from the Heavitree Quarzite at Ormiston Gorge, near Alice Springs. The Heavitree Quartzite is fragmented by a spectacularly regular three-dimensional joint pattern, which is repeated at different scales and therefore represents a perfect laboratory for our investigations (Hobbs 1993). Siro3D generates a spatially fully referenced 3D image from overlapping digital images, such that each pixel of the image is assigned spatial coordinates. The software SiroJoint routinely constructs planes from the intersection of the rock-face with the linear trace of planar features (Poropat 2001). It provides stereographic plots of structural elements and additionally measures joint persistence, area, and joint spacing. Our measurements allow to analyse geometrical scaling relationships of joint sets with high accuracy and will help explore the character of their 3D complexity. Several hundred joint planes were defined with SiroJoint in an Ormiston Gorge outcrop. Three different joint sets can be distinguished. Joint set one and two are characterized by steeply inclined planes with joint spacings ranging between 2 cm to 40 cm and 2 cm to 10m respectively. Both joints sets depict a power law distribution in joint spacing/frequency plots. The third set is defined by a subhorizontal orientation. It shows a very regular spacing in the meter scale and lacks an exponential distribution. We intend to use the results as a basis to compare observed fracture pattern with those generated by computational methods like Iterated Function Systems. This might help to understand how physical rock properties influence the spatial complexity of fracture systems and develop constitutive scaling relationships for certain rock types.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VAE 120 ; VBH 000 ; VAE 150 ; Methodik {Strukturgeologie} ; Fernerkundung ; Strukturelle Erscheinungen {Strukturgeologie} ; Klüftung ; Bruch 〈Geologie〉 ; Photogrammetrie ; Dreidimensionale Rekonstruktion
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The tectonic history of the Kamchatka Peninsula is dominated by continuous accumulation and amalgamation of terranes with different origins, which were delivered by convergence between the Pacific plate and in former times, the Kula plate against Eurasia (Freitag, 2002). The Kronotsky and Cape Kamchatka Peninsulas show that the collision of terranes and the resulting tectonics are still important for major parts of East-Kamchatka. While the collision of the Kronotsky Peninsula is sorely influenced by the convergence of the Pacific plate, the Cape Kamchatka Peninsula is affected by the collision of the Aleutian Arc with Kamchatka, what gives the opportunity to compare two different processes that resulted in the amalgamation of terranes to Kamchatka.
    Description: conference
    Keywords: 551 ; VEG 190 ; VAE 400 ; VAE 300 ; VAE 120 ; VBJ 000 ; Koriakia-Kamtchatkasystem {Geologie} ; Tektogenese {Geologie} ; Epirogenese {{Geologie}} ; Methodik {Strukturgeologie} ; Satellitenbildgeologie ; Kamtschatka 〈Oblast〉 ; Neotektonik ; Fernerkundung
    Language: German
    Type: anthologyArticle , publishedVersion
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  • 4
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    Unknown
    Univ. Berlin
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 550.28 ; 550 ; VBH 000 ; VBH 000 ; Fernerkundung
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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  • 5
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    TU Bergakademie Freiberg, Fakultät Geowissenschaften, Geotechnik und Bergbau, Freiberg 〈Sachsen〉
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die Fähigkeit, in Luft- und Satellitenbildern Objekte wiederzuerkennen, kann folgendermaßen erklärt werden: Aus der Kenntnis einer Landschaft und ihrer Abbildung im Bild werden Interpretationsregeln entwickelt, die bestimmten Kombinationen von Bildmerkmalen wie Farbe, Form, Größe, Textur oder Kontext festgelegte Bedeutungen zuordnen. Kommt es nicht auf das Wiedererkennen mit festen Wahrnehmungsmustern an, stellt sich die bislang offene Frage nach einer wissenschaftlichen Kriterien genügenden Methode, wie der gedankliche Zusammenhang zwischen den Sinneswahrnehmungen erfasst werden kann. Die Erfahrung von Umkehrbildern und optischen Täuschungen führt zur Frage nach dem festen Element bei der visuellen Interpretation von Fernerkundungsdaten. Galileis Antwort, Messwerte als Ausgangspunkt naturwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnis zu nehmen, löst die Mehrdeutigkeiten und Unsicherheiten gedanklicher Interpretationen nicht auf, denn zu jeder Zahl gehört bereits eine gedankliche Bestimmung darüber, was sie bedeutet: Äpfel, Birnen, Höhendifferenzen Daher muss für die begriffliche Interpretation der Wahrnehmungen ein anderer Ausgangspunkt bestimmt werden: Weder kann der Mensch beobachten oder wahrnehmen, ohne seine Erlebnisse gedanklich zu fassen und zu ordnen, noch ist die Sinnesempfindung ein subjektives, vom Gegenstand abgespaltenes, nur persönliches Erlebnis. Wahrnehmung realisiert sich als Einheit von Wahrnehmendem und Wahrgenommenen ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 550.28 ; 910 ; 551 ; 550 ; TQI 000 ; VBH 000 ; QBD 000 ; Geophysikalische Satellitenfernerkundung ; Fernerkundung ; Allgemeine Arbeitsmethoden in der Geographie
    Language: German
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 175 S.
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