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  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Las capturas de langosta espinosa Panulirus argus (Latreille, 1804) en Cuba alcanzaron sus mayores volúmenes en la década de 1980 con un promedio anual de 11565 ton. En la década de 1990, la captura descendió a un promedio de 9327 ton, lo cual se ha visto agudizado entre 2000 y 2007 con un promedio de 6262 ton y una mayor variabilidad de las capturas, a pesar de un perfeccionamiento del sistema de manejo pesquero dado por: la disminución del esfuerzo pesquero y de la tasa de mortalidad por pesca desde 1999, el aumento del período de veda desde 2001 y el incremento gradual de la talla mínima legal de captura a partir de 2004. Los análisis más recientes sobre el estado de esta pesquería fueron presentados en el Quinto Taller Regional sobre la Evaluación y la Ordenación de la Langosta Común del Caribe en septiembre 2006 (Puga et al, 2006; FAO, 2007), donde se reconoció por la comunidad científica especializada que la pesquería de langosta cubana se encontraba bien manejada y plenamente explotada (no sobre- explotada) y se concluyó que además de la mortalidad por pesca, otros factores ajenos al sector pesquero estaban produciendo afectaciones en la abundancia del recurso, al causar daños al hábitat 1 en zonas de cría, influyendo negativamente por esta vía sobre el reclutamiento y la producción de langostas. Entre estos aspectos para Cuba se señalaron: la mayor frecuencia e intensidad de huracanes durante el último decenio, el desarrollo de las zonas costeras, la construcción de presas en las cuencas de captación de los ríos y de carreteras en el Archipiélago Sabana-Camagüey comunicando la isla principal con los cayos y los cayos entre si (pedraplenes).
    Description: Published
    Keywords: Fisheries ; Lobster fisheries ; Fisheries ; Environment management ; Recruitment ; Coastal zone management
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Book Section
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Se utiliza la información de perfiles de playa en cuatro localidades de las Playas del Este obtenidos en los últimos 27 años, para describir la tendencia de la playa a mediano plazo. A partir de datos de posición de la línea de costa y de volúmenes de arena de la playa emergida se estableció la tasa de cambio de la playa utilizando la regresión lineal simple. Los resultados confirman la tendencia erosiva de un sector de la playa de Guanabo. La tasa anual de retroceso de la línea de costa ha sido de -0.97 m/año que ha establecido un cambio total de - 26 ±7 m. La reducción de los volúmenes de arena ha sido de -28 ± 8 m3/m, a un ritmo de -1.04 m3/m/año. En la playa de Santa María, la línea de costa en algunas localidades ha experimentado retroceso y en otras ha ocurrido poco cambio, sin embargo en todos los casos se ha producido un incremento notable en los volúmenes de arena de la playa emergida debido a la formación y crecimiento de las dunas. La reactivación de los procesos eólicos que dio lugar al restablecimiento de la morfología de dunas fue posible por la eliminación del bosque de casuarinas que, durante más de 20 años, ocupó la zona posterior de la playa.
    Description: The information of beach profiles, obtained during the last 27 years in four localities of Playas del Este, is used to describe the medium-term tendency of the beach. Starting from data of the shoreline location and sand volumes of the emerged beach, the beach change rate was established applying simple linear regression. The results confirm the erosive tendency of a sector in Guanabo beach. The annual rate of shoreline retreat has been -0, 97 m/y, which has established a total change of - 26 ± 7 m. The reduction in sand volumes has been -28 ± 8 m3/m, at a rate of -1,04 m3/m/y. In Santa Maria beach, the shoreline has experienced retreat in some localities or little change in the others. However, a remarkable increase in sand volumes of the emerged beach has taken place in all the cases. The reactivation of Aeolian processes, resulting in the reestablishment of dune morphology, was possible due to the removal of the Australian pine forest that had occupied the area from the beach top landward for more than 20 years.
    Description: Published
    Description: playas, evolución a mediano plazo, regresión lineal, beach, medium- term evolution, lineal regression.
    Keywords: Dunes ; Beach morphology ; Beach erosion ; Dunes
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: The results of the application of the formula of Kawamura (1951) to in situ meteorological data in order to forecast the sand transport rate due to wind action are described in this paper. A new episode of dune formation started in the 1980's in these beaches, and more recently they have been affected by aeolian erosion since the beginning of the destruction of foredune vegetation due to the increase in tourist activities in the area. Shear velocity (U*t) values on the surface were determined starting from wind speed vertical profiles. Critical shear velocity values to start the sand movement were also determined, taking into account the grain size variations of the beach material along the coast. And finally, transport rates are calculated in each case. A comparison is carried out between the transport rates estimated starting from wind data and those resulting from meaurements of the sand volumes accumulated in the dunes during 12 years of monitoring. The main transport directions are shown, as well as the direction of the resultant and their relation to the morphological and dynamic pattern of the dunes. Besides, it is concluded that aeolian transport is limited to those sites where grain size is higher than 0.5 mm.
    Description: Published
    Description: coastal dunes, foredunes, deflation, eolian erosion.
    Keywords: Dunes ; Dunes ; Beach morphology ; Sand structures ; Eolian transport
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-05-19
    Description: Estero Ciego beach is located in the tourist area in Holguín province, northeastern coast of Cuba. At present, the beach suffers an erosion process, being observed the appearance of extensive rocky surfaces in the eastern half of the beach as well as a marked deficit of sand in the coast. The objective of this study is to define the engineering solutions required to improve the aesthetic and use conditions of the beach. As main action it is proposed the artificial nourishment of sand, since it constitutes a solution that creates the aesthetic conditions rapidly. As a complement to guarantee the beach stability for a longer period of time, it is also intended to reduce part of the rocky surface that presently exists on the coastline in the eastern half of the beach.
    Description: Published
    Description: beach regeneration, modeling, equilibrium profile, erosive storm.
    Keywords: Beach profiles ; Beach morphology ; Beach erosion ; Coastal engineering
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: Journal Contribution
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