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  • 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk  (19)
  • 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous  (12)
  • 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology  (11)
  • American Geophysical Union  (22)
  • INGV  (17)
  • 2010-2014  (39)
Collection
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-03-24
    Description: On 24 August 2013 a sudden gas eruption from the ground occurred in the Tiber river delta, nearby Rome's international airport of Fiumicino. We assessed that this gas, analogous to other minor vents in the area, is dominantly composed of deep, partially mantle-derived CO2, as in the geothermal gas of the surrounding Roman Comagmatic Province. Increased amounts of thermogenic CH4 are likely sourced from Meso-Cenozoic petroleum systems, overlying the deep magmatic fluids. We hypothesize that the intersection of NE-SW and N-S fault systems, which at regional scale controls the location of the Roman volcanic edifices, favors gas uprising through the impermeable Pliocene and deltaic Holocene covers. Pressurized gas may temporarily be stored below these covers or within shallower sandy, permeable layers. The eruption, regardless the triggering cause—natural or man-made, reveals the potential hazard of gas-charged sediments in the delta, even at distances far from the volcanic edifices.
    Description: Published
    Description: 5632–5636
    Description: 2.2. Laboratorio di paleomagnetismo
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: geothermal gas ; deep CO2 ; Tiber river delta ; thermogenic CH4 ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.12. Fluid Geochemistry
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Flank instability at basaltic volcanoes is often related to repeated dike intrusions along rift zones and accompanied by surface fracturing and seismicity. These processes have been mostly studied during specific events, and the lack of longer-term observations hinders their better understanding. Here we analyze ~20 years of deformation of the Pernicana Fault System (PFS), the key structure controlling the instability of the eastern flank of Mt. Etna. We exploit East-West and vertical components of mean deformation velocity, as well as corresponding time series, computed from ERS/ENVISAT (1992–2010) and COSMO-SkyMed (2009–2011) satellite radar sensors via Synthetic Aperture Radar Interferometry techniques. We then integrate and compare this information with field, seismic, and leveling data, collected between 1980 and 2012. We observe transient displacements accompanied by seismicity, overprinted on a long-term background eastward motion (~2 cm/yr). In the last decades, these transient events were preceded by a constant amount of accumulated strain near the PFS. The time of strain accumulation varies between a few years and a few decades, also depending on magma emplacement within the nearby North East Rift, which may increase the strain along the PFS. These results suggest that the amount of deformation near the PFS may be used as a gauge to forecast the occurrence of instability transients on the eastern flank of Etna. In this context, the PFS may provide an ideal, small-scale structure to test the relations between strain accumulation, stress loading, and seismic energy release.
    Description: This work has been partially supported by the Italian Space Agency (ASI) within the SAR4Volcanoes project, agreement I/ 034/11/0.
    Description: Published
    Description: 4398-4409
    Description: 1T. Geodinamica e interno della Terra
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: 3T. Pericolosità sismica e contributo alla definizione del rischio
    Description: 4T. Fisica dei terremoti e scenari cosismici
    Description: 5T. Sorveglianza sismica e operatività post-terremoto
    Description: 1V. Storia e struttura dei sistemi vulcanici
    Description: 2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
    Description: 3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
    Description: 4V. Vulcani e ambiente
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: Volcano flank instability ; Pernicana fault ; Etna ; 04. Solid Earth::04.01. Earth Interior::04.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.03. Geodesy::04.03.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.06. Seismology::04.06.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.99. General or miscellaneous ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.01. Computational geophysics::05.01.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.99. General or miscellaneous ; 05. General::05.08. Risk::05.08.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: High-resolution, single-channel seismic and multibeam bathymetry data collected at the Amendolara Ridge, a key submarine area marking the junction between the Apennine collision belt and the Calabrian subduction forearc, reveal active deformation in a supposedly stable crustal sector. New data, integrated with existing multichannel seismic profiles calibrated with oil-exploratory wells, show that middle to late Pleistocene sediments are deformed in growth folds above blind oblique-reverse faults that bound a regional pop-up. Data analysis indicates that ~10 to 20 km long banks that top the ~80 km long, NW-SE trending ridge are structural culminations above en echelon fault segments. Numeric modeling of bathymetry and stratigraphic markers suggests that three 45° dipping upper crustal (2–10 km) fault segments underlie the ridge, with slip rates up to ~0.5 mm/yr. Segments may be capable with M ~ 6.1–6.3 earthquakes, although an unknown fraction of aseismic slip undoubtedly contributes to deformation. The fault array that bounds the southern flank of the ridge (Amendolara Fault System) parallels a belt of Mw 〈 4.7 strike-slip and thrust earthquakes, which suggest current left-oblique reverse motion on the array. The eastern segment of the array shows apparent morphologic evidence of deformation and might be responsible for Mw ≤ 5.2 historic events. Late Pliocene-Quaternary growth of the oblique contractional belt is related to the combined effects of stalling of Adriatic slab retreat underneath the Apennines and subduction retreat of the Ionian slab underneath Calabria. Deformation localization was controlled by an inherited mechanical interface between the thick Apulian (Adriatic) platform crust and the attenuated Ionian Basin crust.
    Description: Published
    Description: 2169–2194
    Description: 2T. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: Active compression ; Growth strata modeling ; High-resolution seismic ; Multibeam bathymetry ; Jonian Sea ; 04. Solid Earth::04.02. Exploration geophysics::04.02.06. Seismic methods ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.04. Marine geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.10. Stratigraphy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2022-05-04
    Description: “Il dovere degli scienziati non è quello di educare il pubblico, ma piuttosto di interagire con esso. Il pubblico è la vera forza trainante dietro decisioni con conseguenze sociali, e deve essere coinvolto su base paritaria nei dibattiti inerenti queste decisioni” . La comunicazione scientifica e tecnologica fra scienza e società, da anni, non è più un mero scambio di informazioni e risultati (spesso fra determinate élite), ma è diventata il veicolo privilegiato per insegnare, formare ed ispirare un pubblico sempre più ampio. Ma non si parla solo di trasmissione uni-direzionale: il dibattito fra scienza, tecnologia e società (amministratori locali, politici, imprenditori, giornalisti, studenti e semplici cittadini) sta guadagnando una partecipazione di interlocutori sempre più numerosi e preparati su temi dalle complesse caratteristiche ed implicazioni (etiche, sociali, economiche, politiche). Questo è in parte dovuto ai cambiamenti avvenuti negli ultimi anni nella scienza (e all’impatto che essa sta avendo in molti ambiti della vita sociale. Tali cambiamenti stanno determinando nuove forme di comunicazione scientifica e cooperazione con la società e l’aumento, nell’ultimo decennio, di iniziative e percorsi di formazione, spesso organizzati dalle stesse istituzioni scientifiche. Uno dei risultati più tangibili della cambiata interazione fra scienza e società è la nuova generazione di ricercatori-comunicatori, dotati di una maggiore abilità nel comunicare la scienza in modo efficace e ad un pubblico più ampio e diversificato. In questo contesto diventa importante capire l’efficacia di ogni azione di comunicazione scientifica, impostando uno studio che analizzi, volta per volta, i punti di successo e le criticità emerse nei due comparti causa-effetto. Causa – gli elementi di base della comunicazione scientifica e tecnologica: i valori sociali e culturali di riferimento (ad es. protezione ambientale, sicurezza, salute); -i contenuti (formato di presentazione, tematiche scelte); -i canali usati (web, social networks, stampa cartacea etc.); -i modelli di relazione con il pubblico (scienza vs pubblico, peer education). Effetto - la risposta della società: diretta (affluenza; questionari di gradimento) indiretta (visualizzazioni web; like se tweet dei social network). Questo lavoro presenta una relazione illustrativa (per la prima volta sul territorio della Spezia) dell’efficacia di un evento specifico inserito all’interno di una manifestazione di portata locale, la “Festa della Marineria 2013 ”, destinato al grande pubblico e caratterizzato da diverse attività (tra le quali quelle di tipo ludico-educativo) concepite con l’obiettivo di puntare l’attenzione sui ‘tesori’ scientifici e culturali di una ‘Città di Mare’qual'è La Spezia .
    Description: Distretto Ligure delle Tecnologie Marine, Città della Spezia, Ente fieristico La Spezia
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-21
    Description: 6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Eventi, divulgazione scientifica, Festa della Marineria ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Nel presente lavoro è illustrata e documentata l’intera collezione di medaglie di lava posseduta dall'Osservatorio Vesuviano, insieme alle informazioni relative ad ogni singolo oggetto che la compone. La collezione è oggi resa disponibile alla onsultazione ed alla fruizione informata e consapevole, anche da parte di un pubblico composto non necessariamente da esperti. L’analisi della storia recente del Vesuvio ha permesso di trovare ogni possibile elemento di correlazione tra l’attività del vulcano e la produzione delle medaglie di lava. La collezione, custodita nel più antico osservatorio vulcanologico al mondo, è parte di un ricchissimo patrimonio di interesse scientifico, storico e artistico. La collezione, sinora non fruibile a causa della frammentarietà delle informazioni relative ai singoli pezzi che la compongono, rappresenta un’importante traccia della vita che si sviluppava intorno al vulcano, attesta il tipo di attività eruttiva del Vesuvio all’epoca della produzione delle medaglie, e costituisce una testimonianza unica al mondo nel suo genere. Infatti, non esistono collezioni simili a questa se non, in parte, nel Museo di Mineralogia dell’Università Federico II di Napoli. Questa unicità fu già colta in passato da quegli uomini che si impegnarono a reperire e raggruppare molti di questi esemplari, che spesso rendevano testimonianza di vicende storiche, culturali e artistiche di particolare rilievo per l’area napoletana. La produzione delle medaglie era però strettamente connessa con la disponibilità di lava fluida e facilmente lavorabile che, tuttavia, non veniva prodotta con continuità dal Vesuvio nel corso della sua storia recente. La riorganizzazione sistematica dell’intera collezione viene presentata in questo articolo e consente di mostrare uno spaccato nella storia dell’Osservatorio Vesuviano, del Vesuvio e dei numerosi eventi che hanno segnato la storia del territorio partenopeo. In this paper the Osservatorio Vesuviano collection of lava medals is presented and described as a whole, along with the information regarding each component item, making available this cultural heritage also to a non-specialists public. Moreover, the recent history of Vesuvius has been analyzed in order to find any possible element of correlation between the eruptive activity of the volcano and the production of lava medals. The collection, kept in the oldest volcano observatory in the world, is part of a much wider and very rich cultural estate of great scientific, artistic and historical interest. The collection, which has never been exposed due to lack of information on the component items, represents an important account of the life around the volcano and an invaluable record of a three-centuries long history of Vesuvius activity. It is also an almost unique collection, as the only other similar one is presently exposed at the Mineralogical Museum of the Federico II University of Naples. The uniqueness of this collection was already understood by early collectors, which mainly grouped the samples that celebrated historical, cultural and artistic events of that time. However the production of medals has been always strongly conditioned by the availability of fluid flows of lava, which can be easily sampled and moulded but not continuously produced by the volcano. A new systematic organization and classification of the medals is presented in this paper allowing the description of many aspects of the history of Vesuvius and its volcanological observatory, and the timing of many events that characterized the life of the Parthenopaean interland.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1-70
    Description: 3.10. Storia ed archeologia applicate alle Scienze della Terra
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Collezioni storiche ; medaglie di lava ; Osservatorio Vesuviano ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Il Somma-Vesuvio insieme a Campi Flegrei, Procida e Ischia è uno dei quattro vulcani presenti nell’area napoletana (Fig. 1). Fin dall’ultima eruzione, avvenuta nel marzo 1944, il vulcano è quiescente e caratterizzato solo da moderate emissioni fumaroliche e sismicità, prevalentemente concentrate in area craterica. La storia passata del vulcano suggerisce che la quiescenza può culminare in un eruzione esplosiva che, potenzialmente, può interessare aree molto vaste. Solo nelle immediate vicinanze del vulcano, cioè entro un raggio di 10 km, risiedono circa 600.000 persone, potenzialmente esposte agli effetti significativi di fenomeni vulcanici, quali scorrimento di colate piroclastiche, accumulo di grossi spessori di depositi da caduta e scorrimento di lahars. Questa breve nota ha lo scopo di illustrare, per grandi linee, la storia eruttiva del Somma-Vesuvio, la sua evoluzione morfologica e strutturale e l’impatto delle sue eruzioni sul territorio.
    Description: Published
    Description: 14-21
    Description: 3.5. Geologia e storia dei vulcani ed evoluzione dei magmi
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Description: open
    Keywords: Somma-Vesuvio ; Impatto sul territorio ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Over the last four decades Etna has shown a high output rate through numerous eruptions. The volcano has displayed two eruptive behaviors. The first is characterized by effusive eruptions that efficiently drained the storage system and emitted large volumes of magma, the second behavior is related to lava fountains, erupting small magma batches, which are normally with high frequency and have been considered as precursors of major effusive eruptions. In this paper, we present an updated estimation of emitted volumes from Etna eruptions, which include the 38 lava fountain episodes that occurred from January 2011 to April 2013. These recent explosive episodes have been frequent, discharging significant magma volumes. Observing the steady trend of magma output over time, we present insights on expected erupted volumes. We highlight that the January 2011 –April 2013 lava fountains, efficiently drained the intermediate-shallow storage system and favored a balance between the incoming and outgoing magma.
    Description: Published
    Description: 6069–6073
    Description: 1.5. TTC - Sorveglianza dell'attività eruttiva dei vulcani
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Eruption mechanisms and flow emplacement ; Volcanic hazards and risks ; volcano monitoring ; erupted volumes ; 04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Integration of structural, stratigraphic, and paleomagnetic data from the N–S trending structures of the Ainsa Oblique Zone reveals the kinematics of the major thrust salient in the central Pyrenees. These structures experienced clockwise vertical axis rotations that vary from 70° in the east (Mediano anticline) to 55° in the west (Boltaña anticline). Clockwise vertical axis rotations of 60° to 45° occurred from early Lutetian to late Bartonian when the folds and thrusts of the Ainsa Oblique Zone developed. This vertical axis rotation stage resulted from a difference of about 50 km in the amount of displacement on the Gavarnie thrust and an accompanying change in structural style at crustal scale from the central to the western Pyrenees, related to the NE–SW trending pinch out of Triassic evaporites at its basal detachment. A second rotation event of at least 10° took place since Priabonian, as a result of a greater displacement of the Serres Marginals thrust sheet with respect to the Gavarnie thrust sheet above the Upper Eocene-Oligocene salts. The deduced kinematics demonstrates that the orogenic curvature of the central Pyrenees is a progressive curvature resulting from divergent thrust transport direction. Layer parallel shortening mesostructures and kilometer-scale folds also developed by a progressive curvature related to divergent shortening directions during vertical axis rotation. Rotation space problems were solved by along-strike extension which triggered the formation of transverse extensional faults and diapirs at the outer arcs of structural bends.
    Description: Published
    Description: 1142–1175
    Description: 1.2. TTC - Sorveglianza geochimica delle aree vulcaniche attive
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: restricted
    Keywords: vertical-axis rotation ; thrust-sheet ; Eocene ; orogen ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.05. Geomagnetism::04.05.06. Paleomagnetism ; 04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: Morphotectonic analysis and fault numeric modeling of uplifted marine terraces along the Ionian Sea coast of the Southern Apennines allowed us to place quantitative constraints on middle Pleistocene-Holocene deformation. Ten terrace orders uplifted to as much as +660 m were mapped along ~80 km of the Taranto Gulf coastline. The shorelines document both a regional and a local, fault-induced contribution to uplift. The intermingling between the two deformation sources is attested by three 10 km scale undulations superimposed on a 100 km scale northeastward tilt. The undulations spatially coincide with the trace of NW-SE striking transpressional faults that affected the coastal range during the early Pleistocene. To test whether fault activity continued to the present, we modeled the differential uplift of marine terraces as progressive elastic displacement above blind oblique-thrust ramps seated beneath the coast. Through an iterative and mathematically based procedure, we defined the best geometric and kinematic fault parameters as well as the number and position of fault segments. Fault numerical models predict two fault-propagation folds cored by blind thrusts with slip rates ranging from 0.5 to 0.7 mm/yr and capable of generating an earthquake with a maximum moment magnitude of 5.9–6.3. Notably, we find that the locus of predominant activity has repeatedly shifted between the two fault systems during time and that slip rates on each fault have temporally changed. It is not clear if the active deformation is seismogenic or dominated by aseismic creep; however, the modeled faults are embedded in an offshore transpressional belt that may have sourced historical earthquakes.
    Description: Published
    Description: 737-762
    Description: 3.2. Tettonica attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: partially_open
    Keywords: uplifted marine terraces ; fault modeling ; fault-propagation folds ; middle-late Pleistocene ; active transpression ; Southern Italy ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.01. Earthquake geology and paleoseismology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.03. Geomorphology ; 04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2017-04-04
    Description: This work develops a critical reflection on the activities for information, training and education conducted by a group of researchers of the INGV in recent years. In particular, our analysis, from an epistemological point of view, is between: science outreach, the link between science and the world; science teaching and its role of contact between science and school; risk education, imaged as a process able to develop a culture of risk in relation to the territory in which we live. These issues are critically analyzed on the basis of experience gained since 1995. The educational methodologies tested in "peacetime", out of seismic events, with the EDURISK Project are compared with those experienced during the emergency in Abruzzo. Increasingly today, we refer to prevention as a primary strategy of defense against risk. But very often the responsibility of making prevention falls on the others as government, institutions, local authorities and the citizen perceive themselves as powerless against the inevitability of natural events and refer to the rulers for the implementation of effective prevention policies. As researchers, what are the most effective actions we can take to influence the risk reduction and motivate the choices of people? The effectiveness of our interventions must be based on scientific information, on a specific training, or must be reached to develop values, actions, awareness? Our interventions must be oriented and developed to inform, to train or to educate?
    Description: Published
    Description: 445-451
    Description: 5.9. Formazione e informazione
    Description: JCR Journal
    Description: open
    Keywords: Risk education, Seismc risk, Volcanic risk ; 05. General::05.03. Educational, History of Science, Public Issues::05.03.99. General or miscellaneous
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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