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  • Other Sources  (11)
  • TSZ 100  (11)
  • Univ. Bremen  (7)
  • Univ. Hamburg  (4)
  • AMS (American Meteorological Society)
  • 2010-2014  (11)
  • 1960-1964
Collection
  • Other Sources  (11)
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  • 2010-2014  (11)
  • 1960-1964
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Marine sediments, diagenesis, anoxic environments, paleomagnetism, low-temperature magnetism, magnetic Fe-Ti-Oxides. - Magnetic particles usually occur in very minor concentrations in igneous and sedimentary rocks, soils, volcanic ashes, dusts and even in living organisms. Many of these magnetic grains are capable of carrying a stable permanent magnetization and therefore act as recorders of the recent and ancient Earth's magnetic field. Thus paleomagnetism refers to the study of this remanent magnetization in sedimentary and volcanic rocks through time. From this magnetization, directional intensity information can be recovered concerning the geomagnetic field that prevailed at the sample location at the time of the rock formation. The magnetic parameter on which such paleomagnetic studies are based is the natural remanent magnetization (NRM). In continental margin regions the remanence acquisition process is often complicated by post-depositional modifications of the original magnetic material. After deposition magnetic minerals can be altered or new magnetic phases can be formed. Consequently the original NRM might be obscured or even fully erased. The process of diagenesis and authigenesis may thus seriously compromise paleomagnetic interpretation. Therefore our knowledge of the geomagnetic field behavior based on sediment records from continental margin regions remains limited. To obtain fully reliable information about the geomagnetic field or paleoenvironmental conditions from continental margin regions, the effect of early diagenetic processes occurring after deposition of the sediment must be understood in detail.
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.4686 ; 538.727 ; 550 ; TOT 320 ; VKB 380 ; TSZ 100 ; Paläomagnetismus {Geophysik} ; Sedimente bestimmter Regionen ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 113 S.
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  • 2
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    Univ. Bremen
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Black Sea, seafloor seepage, mud volcanoes, seeps, fluid migration, gas hydrates, diapirs. - The Black Sea is the worldwide largest anoxic basin with thick gas rich sediments facilitating seafloor seepage, which is widely distributed along the continental slopes of the Black Sea. In two areas, the Sorokin Trough off Crimea and at the continental slope off Batumi (Georgia), the distribution, structure and evolution of two different vent systems and their relation to fluid migration pathways and gas/gas hydrate occurrences have been investigated by means of high resolution multichannel seismic data. In both regions, the distribution of seafloor seepage is controlled by fluid migration along permeable pathways associated with diapiric uplift in the subsurface. In the Sorokin Trough, seepage is expressed by intensive material upflow and the formation of mud volcanoes; offshore Batumi, gas seeps with low material flux dominate. In the Sorokin Trough, most mud volcanoes are associated with near-subsurface mud diapirs. The great morphological variability of the mud volcanoes reflects different driving mechanisms, which depend on the availability of permeable fluid migration pathways and the depositional environment. A 3D seismic dataset images the detailed three-dimensional ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.466 ; 550 ; TSZ 100 ; VAT 300 ; VEZ 120 ; TQC 600 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Geologie des Meeresboden ; Randmeere {Geologie} ; Tiefseeseismik {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 154 S.
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  • 3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Reflection seismics, sediment drifts, bottom currents. - The region south of South Africa has been a crucial gateway for large scale Thermohaline Circulations since late Eocene times. Here, three of the most important currents for maintaining the global heat exchange, namely the warm and surface related Agulhas Current (AC), and the cold and denser North Atlantic Deep Water (NADW) as well as the Atlantic Bottom Water (AABW), flow around South Africa. Due to the special tectonic and geologic situation, a huge amount of the deep and bottom water masses that flow around South Africa have to pass the narrow Agulhas Passage, located between the South African continental shelf and the submarine Agulhas Plateau. As a result, the sedimentary infill of the Transkei Basin, which is located east of the Agulhas Plateau, has been predominantly influenced by NADW and AABW activity since ~36 Ma. Via the analysis of this sedimentary infill, a palaeo current reconstruction of (proto-) NADW and (proto-) AABW revealed changing flow paths and flow strengths since then. These variations in current attributes were triggered by large scale effects, such as the opening of the Tasman Gateway and the Drake Passage in the Late Eocene, or the closure of the Isthmus of Panama in the Pliocene. A more detailed analysis of the Transkei Basin's depocentre locations and interface outlines resulted in a palaeo flow path reconstruction for this region. Moreover, palaeo climate conditions from the Late Cretaceous were partially reconstructed ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.462 ; 551.69 ; 550 ; TSZ 100 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: German
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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  • 4
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The southeastern Mediterranean Sea and the northern section of Egypt constitutes one of the most complex tectonic areas in the Mediterranean. This study is an attempt to achieve a better understanding of tectonics, and geodynamical processes along a complex tectonization region. These include crustal structure, thickness of sediments, transition between oceanic and continental crust and regional integrated model of the gravity field observed. A wide range of field work from the geophysical data has been acquired and used in this study with respect to the gravity and magnetic data as well as the results of deep seismic soundings. A comparison between the marine gravity data and the gravity data derived from satellite altimetry was made to ensure that the marine gravity data compiled from different marine surveys were compatible...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 622.15 ; 551.1 ; 550 ; TSZ 100 ; VAE 880 ; TSZ 100 ; VAE 880 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Passive und aktive Kontinentalränder {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 184 Bl.
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  • 5
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde untersucht, welche Parameter die Anwendbarkeit der Geothermometer für Wasserstoff, im System Wasserstoff/ Methan/ Wasser, und Kohlenstoff, im System Methan/ Kohlendioxid, bestimmen. Dazu wurden die Hydrothermalsysteme Turtle Pits, Red Lion, Comfortless Cove, Wideawake, Lilliput, Nibelungen und Logatchev untersucht. Analysen der Wassersäule zeigten hydrothermale Prägung, wie erhöhte Konzentration von Wasserstoff und Methan, sowie eine erhöhte Trübe des Seewassers bei schwarzen Rauchern. Diese Untersuchungen führten auch zur Entdeckung des südlichsten bekannten Hydrothermalfeldes im Atlantik, dem Lilliputfeld. Es wurden Messungen der Konzentration und der Isotopensignatur von Wasserstoff und Methan durchgeführt. Die Hydrothermalsysteme wurden zusätzlich mit Hilfe von weiteren fluidchemischen Daten und geologischen Eigenschaften der Quellen charakterisiert. Aus den Isotopendaten konnte mit Hilfe der Gleichung für die isotopische Gleichgewichtsfraktionierung eine apparente Isotopentemperatur berechnet werden. Es wurde untersucht inwieweit diese apparente Temperatur den realen Temperaturen in den Hydrothermalsystemen entspricht. Beim Wasserstoffthermometer konnte eine gute Vereinbarkeit mit der Austrittstemperatur fokussierter Quellen festgestellt werden. Für diffuse Quellen gilt dies jedoch nicht, da bei diesen häufg eine Vermischung mit Seewasser unterhalb des Meeresbodens stattfindet ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 550 ; TQF 000 ; VGF 400 ; TSZ 100 ; VEZ 100 ; Geothermische Verfahren {Geophysik} ; Druck- und Temperaturbestimmungen {Mineralogie} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geologie}
    Language: German
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 116 S.
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  • 6
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Interpretation of high and very high resolution reflection seismic data from the western Black Sea shelf yielded a seismic stratigraphic model of the Late Quaternary deposits on the southwestern Black Sea shelf. This model was combined with borehole information to carry out a regional subsidence analysis, so that the influence of tectonics and sediment compaction could be ruled out in the estimation of sea-level changes in the Black Sea. Mio-Pliocene sediments form the baseline of the interpretation. On top of it four Quaternary seismic stratigraphic units were identified on the western Black Sea shelf; they are named in chronological order Unit 4 to Unit 1 (U4 U1). Pliocene deposits are built up by gently basinward dipping layers of relatively high and approximately uniform thickness. Buried graben structures attest to the influence of extensional tectonics until the Upper Pliocene. Later, strong erosion left a rugged surface on the inner and middle shelf that was later overlain by a thin layer of Quaternary to Holocene sediments. The Pliocene is followed by the oldest observed Quaternary seismic sequence (Unit 4, U4); it comprises layers of Lower Quaternary age that dip towards the basin at a steeper angle than those of the Pliocene. Within U4 the oldest of three Quaternary shelfedge delta systems in the study area was found, that supposedly marks an Early Quaternary sea-level lowstand...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551 ; 551 ; 550 ; VDI 200 ; VEZ 120 ; TSZ 100 ; Quartär ; Randmeere {Geologie} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 170 S.
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: The major objective of the study is to investigate how near-surface sediment structures and other geological aspects control the nature and occurrence of cold fluid seepage. Mainly high resolution multichannel seismic data and swatch bathymetry data were used to study nearsurface seismostratigraphy, structure and seismic fluid-indicating features in two different fluid seepage provinces: Campeche Knolls, southern Gulf of Mexico and the frontal Makran, offshore Pakistan. The two areas have fundamentally different tectonic settings: The Campeche Knolls, southern Gulf of Mexico represents a passive margin influenced by salt tectonism, while the frontal Makran is the most basinward part of the Makran accretionary prism, characterized by plate subduction, sediment accretion, thrust faulting and development of sediment imbricate slices. However, they share quite a few similarities in shallow sediment structures and fluid seepage patterns...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.23 ; 553.28 ; 550 ; TSZ 100 ; VAE 880 ; TSZ 200 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Passive und aktive Kontinentalränder {Geologie} ; Indischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 125 S.
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  • 8
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Im ersten Kapitel erfolgt nach der Zielsetzung und Motivation für die vorliegende Dissertation eine kurze geographische Beschreibung des Arktischen Ozeans und dessen tektonischer Entwicklung.Das Augenmerk gilt dabei dem ca. 1800 km langen Gakkel-Rücken, der sich von der Nordküste Grönlands bis zum Schelf der Laptewsee erstreckt und die Grenze zwischen Nordamerikanischer und Eurasischer Platte bildet. Die Spreizungsgeschwindigkeiten dieses Rückensystems, welche für geowissenschaftliche Untersuchungen von besonderer Bedeutung sind, betragen nur etwa einen Zentimeter pro Jahr und sind damit die langsamsten weltweit. Eine kurze Vorstellung von geophysikalischen und geodätischen Messverfahren zeigt, wie man zu solchen präzisen Spreizungsraten gelangt. Im Anschluss erfolgt eine kurze Beschreibung der Arctic Mid-Ocean Ridge Expedition (AMORE), welche die Forschungsschiffe Healy (USA) und Polarstern (Deutschland) im Sommer 2001 in den zentralen Arktischen Ozean und zum Nordpol führte. Die Sonarmessdaten und Bodenproben, die auf der AMORE-Expedition gesammelt und in dieser Arbeit ausgewertet wurden, stammen hauptsächlich aus dem ca. 32 000 km2 großen Gebiet entlang des Gakkel-Rückens (7°W85°E, 82°N87°N), zum Teil aber auch aus dem Amundsen- und Nansen-Becken. In Kapitel Zwei werden hydroakustische Grundlagen erläutert, die für das Verständnis dieser Arbeit unabdingbar sind und auf die später zurückgegriffen wird. Nach der Beschreibung von physikalischen Größen und Verhältnissen, der Wellengleichung, der Ausbreitung von Unterwasserschall und der Reflexion und Rückstreuung von Schallwellen am Meeresboden erfolgt eine Formulierung der Sonargleichung ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.46 ; TQD 800 ; TSZ 100 ; VAT 300 ; Georadar {Geophysik} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Geologie des Meeresboden
    Language: German
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
    Format: 231 S.
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  • 9
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In this study different full waveform techniques was developed for the investigation of seismic ocean bottom single station data. These techniques were applied to data obtained in a pilot ocean bottom experiment in the Tyrrhenian Sea/Italy (TySea experiment) from December 2000 to May 2001. A network of broadband seven ocean bottom seismometers and seven ocean bottom hydrophones was installed above the subducting Ionian plate which descends from Southeast to Northwest. Local and teleseismic earthquakes were recorded by the stations. The newly developed techniques produce very promising results in reconstructing the sea floor structure beneath the stations and in attenuating waveform effects generated by water layer multiples. Additionally the techniques offer a possibility to determine the orientation of free fall ocean bottom seismometers. The main results are: 1. The waveform recorded at the seafloor differs from waveforms recorded at land stations. This is primarily due to multiple reflections in the water layer. These multiple reflections show different patterns on seismometer and hydrophone recordings depending on the seafloor structure. This opens the possibility to constrain the P-wave velocity structure beneath the station by means of a full waveform inversion...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 550 ; TSZ 100 ; VAE 890 ; TQC 700 ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Ozeanische Kruste {Tektonik} ; Seismische Verfahren zur Feststellung von Atomexplosionen {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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  • 10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Nonsteady-state Diagenesis, Equatorial Atlantic, Rock-magnetic and Geochemical Multiproxy Approach, XRF Core Scanner, Fe Redox, Magnetite Dissolution. - This thesis investigates 25 Late Quaternary sediment records from the central Equatorial Atlantic by rock magnetic, geochemical and stratigraphical methods. The work was performed in the framework of the Collaborative Research Center 261 ‘The South Atlantic in the Late Quaternary: Reconstruction of Material Budgets and Current Systems’ funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft. The main objective was to analyze and distinguish terrigenous and diagenetic proxysignatures, in particular of rock magnetic parameters. All cores were correlated and dated on basis of their carbonate, iron and rock magnetic records. Magnetite coarsening and partial depletion was observed in glacial organic-rich layers, most intensely during oxygen isotope stages 6, 10 and 12. Non-magnetic and magnetic iron mineral enrichments were found below and at former and active Fe(II) / Fe(III) redox boundaries. Various new proxies quantifying magnetite reduction (ratio of Fe to magnetic susceptibility, ratio of non-ferrimagnetic to total magnetic susceptibility) and authigenesis (ratio of Fe to magnetic susceptibility) were established and found to be highly sensitive indicators of past redox conditions. Comparing these signals with the organic carbon records, it was shown, that rock magnetic, carbon and carbonate records in most parts ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.9 ; 538.7 ; 551.46 ; 551 ; 550 ; TOT 320 ; TSZ 100 ; VKB 380 ; VDI 200 ; VEZ 100 ; VAT 240 ; Paläomagnetismus {Geophysik} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik} ; Sedimente bestimmter Regionen ; Quartär ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geologie} ; Marine Sedimente einzelner Meere und Ozeane {Geologie}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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  • 11
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Paleoceanography, Climate, Marine Productivity, Terrigenous Input, High-frequent Cyclicities, LGM, Holocene, XRF Core Scanner. - The goal of this thesis is to reconstruct, with high spatial resolution, the influence of coastal upwelling and terrigeneous input on the magnitude and composition of sediment accumulation off NW Africa, and to investigate how this influence has varied through the last glacial and interglacial periods. To achieve dense coverage for paleoceanographic reconstruction in the investigation area, a large number of sediment cores has been analyzed with rapid and non-destructive core-logging systems. The results of this thesis show that even the small region of the Canary Islands can be separated into several areas, with each reflecting its own sediment characteristics. Recent remote sensing images of chlorophyll concentration reflecting the present upwelling conditions are mirrored by the accumulation rates of the underlying sediment. The variation and distribution of the sediment accumulation rates in the past provides information about paleoceanographic features, such as upwelling conditions and sea-level fluctuations. The contribution of terrigeneous material to the marine sediments can be separated into eolian and a fluvial portions. Three characteristic areas ...
    Description: thesis
    Keywords: 551.46 ; 550.28 ; 550 ; VAT 240 ; TSZ 100 ; VAT 240 ; TSZ 100 ; Marine Sedimente einzelner Meere und Ozeane {Geologie} ; Atlantischer Ozean {Geophysik}
    Language: English
    Type: monograph , publishedVersion
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