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  • Articles  (520,165)
  • 2010-2014  (451,591)
  • 1965-1969  (49,007)
  • 1955-1959  (19,567)
  • Geosciences  (520,165)
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  • Books  (200)
  • Articles  (520,165)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    The Effects of Local Structure upon Measurements of the Travel Time Gradient at the Warramunga Seismic Array (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 16 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Measurements of dT/dΔ across the Warramunga seismic array are perturbed by variations in the structure beneath the array. On the assumption that the structure consists of uniformly dipping interfaces, an estimate of the effect was obtained by combining data from opposite azimuths. The results were not entirely satisfactory, however, because of the over-simplicity of the model. It seems likely that accurate array determinations of dT/dΔ can only be obtained by ‘calibrating’ the array, using events at distances for which dT/dΔ is already well known.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1968.tb07132.x
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Compression in the Earth (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 16 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Using Birch's development of finite-strain theory for the Earth, a simple formula is derived expressing the compression f in terms of the pressure and incompressibility at internal points of the Earth. The formula is free from certain limitations in an earlier formula used by Birch, and is not restricted to the mantle. The formula is applied to determining values of f for six representative Earth models, and preferred estimates of f are set down for the Earth. The results are compared with Birch's earlier estimates of f for the mantle. The computed values of f do not significantly exceed 0·13 in the mantle or 0·20 in the core. Across the mantle-core boundary, f is likely to be nearly continuous; any sudden change is likely to be less than about 5 per cent. The results are subject to the reliability of Birch's form of equation of state for the internal regions of the Earth and, as in Birch's method, neglect possible effects of phase changes.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1968.tb07133.x
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Electric and Magnetic Fields Induced by Deep Sea Tides (1968)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 16 (1968), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: A lunar semidiurnal variation (12·4206 h period) induced by tides in the deep ocean is demonstrated in (i) a month's observations of the horizontal electric field and magnetic declination at a sea floor site located 600 km off the California coast in 4·4 km of water, in (ii) a month's observations of the vertical magnetic field at a coastal site near Cambria, California, and in (iii) two years' observations of the vertical magnetic field at the island magnetic observatory on San Miguel, Azores. Comparison of the sea floor, coastal, and island observations with simultaneous continental magnetic observations permits an estimation of that part of the variation due to a lunar ionospheric oscillation.The observed oceanic induced variation at the sea floor and coastal sites are found to agree well with tidal induced fields computed for a model of the Earth's electrical conductivity and lunar semidiurnal tide. The model assumes (i) a flat semi-infinite ocean of uniform depth and conductivity, rotating at a uniform rate appropriate to the latitude of interest, (ii) non-conducting atmosphere, continent and upper mantle, and (iii) superconducting mantle at a uniform depth beneath the ocean.The observed oceanic induced vertical magnetic field at San Miguel is found to agree qualitatively with tidal induced fields computed for an island model. This model assumes (i) a uniformly conducting small circular island, (ii) a flat infinite ocean of uniform depth and conductivity, rotating at a uniform rate appropriate to the latitude of interest, (iii) a non-conducting atmosphere and upper mantle, and (iv) a superconducting mantle at a depth much greater than the size of the island.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1968.tb07135.x
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A TEST FOR RANDOMNESS OF DIRECTIONS (1956)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1956), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: iThe 5 per cent and 1 per cent significance points are given for a test of randomness of unit vectors in three dimensions. The test has been designed for use in the analysis of palaeomagnetic data.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1956.tb05561.x
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    TERRESTRIAL HEAT FLOW IN THE SWISS ALPS (1956)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1956), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: iTerrestrial heat flow has been measured in three Alpine railroad tunnels. The geothermal gradients were calculated from temperatures measured during the construction of the tunnels, and corrections for topographic irregularities were made. The thermal conductivity of 113 rock specimens from the vicinity of the tunnels was measured. The heat flow in the Gotthard tunnel was found to be 1.6 10-6 cal/cm2 sec, in the Simplon 2.2 10-6 cal/cm2 sec, and in the Loetschberg 1.9 10-6 cal/cm2 sec. Most of the flux at the surface can be attributed to radioactive decay in a thickened crust, but a non-uniform distribution of radioactive elements may be required to explain the relatively high heat flow in the Simplon and Loetschberg tunnels.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1956.tb05563.x
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    STATISTICAL METHODS IN ROCK MAGNETISM (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary. This paper describes the statistical techniques available to the experimenter in palaeomagnetic work. The theory of these methods is based on an assumed probability distribution of errors. It is shown that the mathematical requirements of this distribution are obeyed by the observations from rock samples which are known to possess a stable magnetization; observations on rocks with unstable magnetization however do not conform to it. A theoretical derivation is given for this probability distribution.The problem of estimating the mean direction of magnetization of a geological formation has in recent years become a matter of the greatest geophysical interest since it is from such estimates that the position of the pole of the Earth in past geological ages is determined. This problem is largely one of the judicious choice of samples and a procedure is suggested whereby such estimates may be achieved with the greatest sample economy.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1957.tb02882.x
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE REFRACTION OF MICROSEISMS ON APPROACHING THE COAST OF THE BRITISH ISLES (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary. Refraction diagrams are drawn for 6-sec microseisms when they approach the British Isles from the SW, WSW, W, WNW and NW directions. Refraction diagrams are also drawn for 4-s and 8-s microseisms approaching from a westerly direction. The diagrams show that all the westerly microseisms are very much reduced. This effect is confirmed by measurement of the vertical component of the microseisms due to sixteen storms which occurred during the period 1945–53.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1957.tb02883.x
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    EARTH MODELS WITH CONTINUOUS DENSITY DISTRIBUTION (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary. Eight different Earth models have been set up, all with the property that the density p varies continuously from just below the crust to the centre. The distributions of the pressure p, gravity g, incompressibility k and rigidity are also given; and values of a parameter equal to (k/p)dp/dp, indicate the deviations from (chemical) homogeneity in the lower mantle and outer core. The models are designed to provide a numerical background towards testing the view that there is no density jump between the Earth's mantle and core.A discussion shows that this view is difficult to reconcile with a homogeneous core unless an implausibly low value is assumed for the density just below the crust.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1957.tb02891.x
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ON TAKING MEANS OF DENSITY DISTRIBUTIONS IN THE EARTH (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary. The error is investigated when the mean of two solutions of a non-linear second-order differential equation which gives the variation of density with depth in certain layers of the Earth is used as a solution.A solution (Model M) of the equation for layer E is given, which has a density of 9.385 g/m3 at the top of layer E.Identifying, at the top of layer E, the mean of two numerically estimated solutions with a similarly estimated solution, it is shown that the error is a maximum at the bottom of layer E, where it is of the order of 0.04 per cent.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1957.tb02892.x
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    THE PALAEOMAGNETISM OF THE KAINOZOIC BASALTS OF VICTORIA (1957)
    Oxford, UK : Blackwell Publishing Ltd
    Geophysical journal international 7 (1957), S. 0 
    Details
    ISSN: 1365-246X
    Source: Blackwell Publishing Journal Backfiles 1879-2005
    Topics: Geosciences
    Notes: Summary. The average geomagnetic pole position consistent with the magnetization of the Newer Volcanics of Victoria, which are for the most part of Pleistocene age, coincides with the present geographic pole just as do all pole determinations from Miocene and later rock formations from the Northern Hemisphere. During this time it appears that the Earth's magnetic field has approximated, on average, to that of a geocentric axial dipole and that the land masses concerned have maintained their present positions. In contrast, the pole determined from Lower Tertiary Volcanics of Victoria does not agree with the geographic pole nor with equivalent determinations from the Northern Hemisphere, suggesting that the relative positions of the continents may have been different in the past.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-246X.1957.tb02890.x
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