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  • Articles  (25,903)
  • Hindawi  (25,903)
  • 2010-2014  (24,586)
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  • Articles  (25,903)
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  • 1
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    Stochastic Consensus of Single-Integrator Multiagent Systems with Inherent Nonlinear Dynamics and Measurement Noises in Directed Fixed Topologies (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-08
    Description: Consensus of continuous-time single-integrator multiagent systems with inherent nonlinear dynamics and measurement noises is addressed in this paper. The consensus controller is developed for directed interaction topologies. Each agent’s control input is constructed based on its own state and its neighbors’ states corrupted by noises. The control input contains a time-varying consensus gain in order to attenuate the noises. Conditions for ensuring mean square convergence under noisy measurement and asymptotic convergence in the noise-free case are derived. Finally, some simulations were carried out to show the effectiveness of our control law and how it can solve the consensus problem.
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  • 2
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    Critical Blow-Up and Global Existence for Discrete Nonlinear p-Laplacian Parabolic Equations (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-15
    Description: The goal of this paper is to investigate the blow-up and the global existence of the solutions to the discrete p-Laplacian parabolic equation , , , , , depending on the parameters and . Besides, we provide several types of the comparison principles to this equation, which play a key role in the proof of the main theorems. In addition, we finally give some numerical examples which exploit the main results.
    Print ISSN: 1026-0226
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-887X
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 3
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    EOQ Model for Deteriorating Items with Stock-Level-Dependent Demand Rate and Order-Quantity-Dependent Trade Credit (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: This paper develops a generalized inventory model for exponentially deteriorating items with current-stock-dependent demand rate and permissible delay in payments. In the model, the payment for the item must be made immediately if the order quantity is less than the predetermined quantity; otherwise, a fixed trade credit period is permitted. The maximization of the average profit per unit of time is taken as the inventory system’s objective. The necessary and sufficient conditions and some properties of the optimal solution to the model are developed. Simple solution procedures are proposed to efficiently determine the optimal ordering policies of the considered problem. Numerical example is also presented to illustrate the solution procedures obtained.
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  • 4
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    Stability Analysis of a Car-Following Model on Two Lanes (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: Considering lateral influence from adjacent lane, an improved car-following model is developed in this paper. Then linear and nonlinear stability analyses are carried out. The modified Korteweg-de Vries (MKdV) equation is derived with the kink-antikink soliton solution. Numerical simulations are implemented and the result shows good consistency with theoretical study.
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  • 5
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    The Improved Kriging Interpolation Algorithm for Local Underwater Terrain Based on Fractal Compensation (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: The interpolation-reconstruction of local underwater terrain using the underwater digital terrain map (UDTM) is an important step for building an underwater terrain matching unit and directly affects the accuracy of underwater terrain matching navigation. The Kriging method is often used in terrain interpolation, but, with this method, the local terrain features are often lost. Therefore, the accuracy cannot meet the requirements of practical application. Analysis of the geographical features is performed on the basis of the randomness and self-similarity of underwater terrain. We extract the fractal features of local underwater terrain with the fractal Brownian motion model, compensating for the possible errors of the Kriging method with fractal theory. We then put forward an improved Kriging interpolation method based on this fractal compensation. Interpolation-reconstruction tests show that the method can simulate the real underwater terrain features well and that it has good usability.
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  • 6
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    Modified Reduced Differential Transform Method for Partial Differential-Algebraic Equations (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-07
    Description: This work presents the application of the reduced differential transform method (RDTM) to find solutions of partial differential-algebraic equations (PDAEs). Two systems of index-two and index-three are solved to show that RDTM can provide analytical solutions for PDAEs in convergent series form. In addition, we present the posttreatment of the power series solutions with the Laplace-Padé resummation method as a useful technique to find exact solutions. The main advantage of the proposed technique is that it is based on a few straightforward steps and does not generate secular terms or depend on a perturbation parameter.
    Print ISSN: 1110-757X
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-0042
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 7
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    Quality-Oriented Classification of Aircraft Material Based on SVM (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-09
    Description: The existing material classification is proposed to improve the inventory management. However, different materials have the different quality-related attributes, especially in the aircraft industry. In order to reduce the cost without sacrificing the quality, we propose a quality-oriented material classification system considering the material quality character, Quality cost, and Quality influence. Analytic Hierarchy Process helps to make feature selection and classification decision. We use the improved Kraljic Portfolio Matrix to establish the three-dimensional classification model. The aircraft materials can be divided into eight types, including general type, key type, risk type, and leveraged type. Aiming to improve the classification accuracy of various materials, the algorithm of Support Vector Machine is introduced. Finally, we compare the SVM and BP neural network in the application. The results prove that the SVM algorithm is more efficient and accurate and the quality-oriented material classification is valuable.
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  • 8
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    Movement Control in Recovering UUV Based on Two-Stage Discrete T-S Fuzzy Model (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: A two-stage discrete T-S fuzzy model controller, which is formed by a motion controller and a dynamic controller connected in series, is presented to solve UUV (unmanned underwater vehicle) movement control problem for recovering. The motion controller is designed based on the uncertain T-S model and the concept of discrete fuzzy vector. The position error between UUV and moving platform as the input of the motion controller is converted into the speed commands of UUV at the next time. The dynamic controller design is based on the theory of fuzzy region model and a relaxed condition for Lyapunov stabilization function is derived in the form of linear matrix inequalities, which generate force and torque required to complete the recovery task. The feasibility and the efficiency of the proposed control scheme are illustrated through the simulations that UUV follows moving platform.
    Print ISSN: 1026-0226
    Electronic ISSN: 1607-887X
    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 9
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    Unsupervised SAR Image Segmentation Based on a Hierarchical TMF Model in the Discrete Wavelet Domain for Sea Area Detection (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: Unsupervised synthetic aperture radar (SAR) image segmentation is a fundamental preliminary processing step required for sea area detection in military applications. The purpose of this step is to classify large image areas into different segments to assist with identification of the sea area and the ship target within the image. The recently proposed triplet Markov field (TMF) model has been successfully used for segmentation of nonstationary SAR images. This letter presents a hierarchical TMF model in the discrete wavelet domain of unsupervised SAR image segmentation for sea area detection, which we have named the wavelet hierarchical TMF (WHTMF) model. The WHTMF model can precisely capture the global and local image characteristics in the two-pass computation of posterior distribution. The multiscale likelihood and the multiscale energy function are constructed to capture the intrascale and intrascale dependencies in a random field (). To model the SAR data related to radar backscattering sources, the Gaussian distribution is utilized. The effectiveness of the proposed model for SAR image segmentation is evaluated using synthesized and real SAR data.
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    Topics: Mathematics
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  • 10
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    Robust Mean Change-Point Detecting through Laplace Linear Regression Using EM Algorithm (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: We proposed a robust mean change-point estimation algorithm in linear regression with the assumption that the errors follow the Laplace distribution. By representing the Laplace distribution as an appropriate scale mixture of normal distribution, we developed the expectation maximization (EM) algorithm to estimate the position of mean change-point. We investigated the performance of the algorithm through different simulations, finding that our methods is robust to the distributions of errors and is effective to estimate the position of mean change-point. Finally, we applied our method to the classical Holbert data and detected a change-point.
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  • 11
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    Electricity Market Stochastic Dynamic Model and Its Mean Stability Analysis (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: Based on the deterministic dynamic model of electricity market proposed by Alvarado, a stochastic electricity market model, considering the random nature of demand sides, is presented in this paper on the assumption that generator cost function and consumer utility function are quadratic functions. The stochastic electricity market model is a generalization of the deterministic dynamic model. Using the theory of stochastic differential equations, stochastic process theory, and eigenvalue techniques, the determining conditions of the mean stability for this electricity market model under small Gauss type random excitation are provided and testified theoretically. That is, if the demand elasticity of suppliers is nonnegative and the demand elasticity of consumers is negative, then the stochastic electricity market model is mean stable. It implies that the stability can be judged directly by initial data without any computation. Taking deterministic electricity market data combined with small Gauss type random excitation as numerical samples to interpret random phenomena from a statistical perspective, the results indicate the conclusions above are correct, valid, and practical.
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  • 12
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    Analysis of Stochastic Gilpin-Ayala Competition System (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: This paper is concerned with the asymptotic behavior for stochastic Gilpin-Ayala competition system. The sufficient conditions for existence of stationary distribution and extinction are established. And a certain asymptotic property of the solution is also obtained. A nontrivial example is provided to illustrate our results.
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  • 13
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    Control of the Thermal Fractal Diffusion of Tightly Compressed Heterogeneous Layers of Thin Plates (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: As the thermal conductivity of thin plates composed of tightly compressed heterogeneous layers varies continuously in the form of an exponential function, we present a nonlinear dynamical model of the fractal growth of thermal diffusion. We also analyze the quantitative relationship between the probability of growth and the disturbance term, predict the control action of the environmental disturbance term on fractal growth, and use Matlab simulation to verify the control effectiveness of thermal fractal diffusion. The results facilitate the selection of appropriate control areas and control parameters for the thermal diffusion variable coefficients. In addition, variation in the fractal dimension reflects the influence of environmental disturbance on the complex process of thermal fractal diffusion.
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  • 14
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    The Law of Iterated Logarithm for Autoregressive Processes (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: This paper mainly discusses some dynamics asymptotic properties of autoregressive processes. By using the -dependence of random variables, we prove the least squares (LS) estimator of the unknown parameters satisfies the law of iterated logarithm.
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  • 15
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    Algebraic Number Precoded OFDM Transmission for Asynchronous Cooperative Multirelay Networks (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: This paper proposes a space-time block coding (STBC) transmission scheme for asynchronous cooperative systems. By combination of rotated complex constellations and Hadamard transform, these constructed codes are capable of achieving full cooperative diversity with the analysis of the pairwise error probability (PEP). Due to the asynchronous characteristic of cooperative systems, orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) technique with cyclic prefix (CP) is adopted for combating timing delays from relay nodes. The total transmit power across the entire network is fixed and appropriate power allocation can be implemented to optimize the network performance. The relay nodes do not require decoding and demodulation operation, resulting in a low complexity. Besides, there is no delay for forwarding the OFDM symbols to the destination node. At the destination node the received signals have the corresponding STBC structure on each subcarrier. In order to reduce the decoding complexity, the sphere decoder is implemented for fast data decoding. Bit error rate (BER) performance demonstrates the effectiveness of the proposed scheme.
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  • 16
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    Some Aggregation Operators Based on Einstein Operations under Interval-Valued Dual Hesitant Fuzzy Setting and Their Application (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: We investigate the multiple attribute decision making (MADM) problems in which attribute values take the form of interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy information. Firstly, some operational laws for interval-valued dual hesitation fuzzy elements (IVDHFEs) based on Einstein operations are developed. Then we develop some aggregation operators based on Einstein operations: the interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted averaging (IVDHFEWA) operator, interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted averaging (IVDHFEOWA) operator, interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid averaging (IVDHFEHA) operator, interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric (IVDHFEWG) operator, interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric (IVDHFEOWG) operator, and interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy Einstein hybrid geometric (IVDHFEHG) operator. Furthermore, we discuss some desirable properties of these operators, and investigate the relationship between the developed operators and the existing ones. Based on the IVDHFEWA operator, an approach to MADM problems is proposed under the interval-valued dual hesitant fuzzy environment. Finally, a numerical example is given to show the application of the developed method, and a comparison analysis is conducted to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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  • 17
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    SVM Based Event Detection and Identification: Exploiting Temporal Attribute Correlations Using SensGru (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: In the context of anomaly detection in cyber physical systems (CPS), spatiotemporal correlations are crucial for high detection rate. This work presents a new quarter sphere support vector machine (QS-SVM) formulation based on the novel concept of attribute correlations. Our event detection approach, SensGru, groups multiple sensors on a single node and thus eliminates communication between sensor nodes without compromising the advantages of spatial correlation. It makes use of temporal-attribute (TA) correlations and is thus a TA-QS-SVM formulation. We show analytically that SensGru (or interchangeably TA-QS-SVM) results in a reduced node density and gives the same event detection performance as more dense Spatiotemporal-Attribute Quarter-Sphere SVM (STA-QS-SVM) formulation which exploits both spatiotemporal and attribute correlations. Moreover, this paper develops theoretical bounds on the internode distance, the optimal number of sensors, and the sensing range with SensGru so that the performance difference with SensGru and STA-QS-SVM is negligibly small. Both schemes achieve event detection rates as high as 100% and an extremely low false positive rate.
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  • 18
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    High Accuracy Attitude Control System Design for Satellite with Flexible Appendages (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-05
    Description: In order to realize the high accuracy attitude control of satellite with flexible appendages, attitude control system consisting of the controller and structural filter was designed. When the low order vibration frequency of flexible appendages is approximating the bandwidth of attitude control system, the vibration signal will enter the control system through measurement device to bring impact on the accuracy or even the stability. In order to reduce the impact of vibration of appendages on the attitude control system, the structural filter is designed in terms of rejecting the vibration of flexible appendages. Considering the potential problem of in-orbit frequency variation of the flexible appendages, the design method for the adaptive notch filter is proposed based on the in-orbit identification technology. Finally, the simulation results are given to demonstrate the feasibility and effectiveness of the proposed design techniques.
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  • 19
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    Optimization Method for Crop Growth Characteristics Based on Improved Locality Preserving Projection (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: Locality preserving projection (LPP) retains only partial information, and category information of samples is not considered, which causes misclassification of feature extraction. An improved locality preserving projection algorithm is proposed to optimize the extraction of growth characteristics. Firstly, preliminary dimensionality reduction of sample data is constructed by using two-dimensional principal component analysis (2DPCA) to retain the spatial information. Then, two optimized subgraphs are defined to describe the neighborhood relation between different categories of data. Finally, feature parameters set are obtained to extract local information of samples by improved LPP algorithm. The experiments show that the improved LPP algorithm has good adaptability, and the highest SVM classification accuracy rate of this method can reach more than 96%. Compared with other methods, the improved LPP has superior optimized performance in terms of multidimensional data analysis and optimization.
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  • 20
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    On the Relation between NARX Clusters and Even/Odd Nonlinearities through Frequency-Domain Analysis (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-08
    Description: Although polynomial NARX models have been intensively used in nonlinear system identification, few papers discussed how to relate the inner nonlinearities to specific types of clusters and regressors. The objective of this paper is to discuss this relationship for a class of systems that contain even or odd nonlinearities. This class covers block-structured models (Hammerstein, Wiener, and others) and systems with dynamic nonlinearities. To achieve the paper’s aim, a deep frequency-domain analysis is performed. For each type of nonlinearity, all the NARX clusters are investigated and the results show that each regressor type provides specific nonlinear contribution. The investigation is based on an output power spectra analysis when a specific multisinusoidal excitation is applied. According to the spectral contributions in some of the frequency lines, the nonlinearity classification is possible. By applying the same procedure to the clusters, one interprets how these clusters can (or not) contribute to explain the system nonlinearity. The paper findings have two major impacts: (i) one gains deep knowledge on how the nonlinearities are coded by the clusters, and (ii) this information can be used, for instance, to aid a structure selection procedure (ERR, term clustering, etc.) during the discarding of the clusters which are not able to explain the system nonlinear behavior. Some practical and experimental aspects are discussed, while numerical examples are presented to show the validity of the theoretical analysis.
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  • 21
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    Analysis of Load-Carrying Capacity for Redundant Free-Floating Space Manipulators in Trajectory Tracking Task (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-08
    Description: The aim of this paper is to analyze load-carrying capacity of redundant free-floating space manipulators (FFSM) in trajectory tracking task. Combined with the analysis of influential factors in load-carrying process, evaluation of maximum load-carrying capacity (MLCC) is described as multiconstrained nonlinear programming problem. An efficient algorithm based on repeated line search within discontinuous feasible region is presented to determine MLCC for a given trajectory of the end-effector and corresponding joint path. Then, considering the influence of MLCC caused by different initial configurations for the starting point of given trajectory, a kind of maximum payload initial configuration planning method is proposed by using PSO algorithm. Simulations are performed for a particular trajectory tracking task of the 7-DOF space manipulator, of which MLCC is evaluated quantitatively. By in-depth research of the simulation results, significant gap between the values of MLCC when using different initial configurations is analyzed, and the discontinuity of allowable load-carrying capacity is illustrated. The proposed analytical method can be taken as theoretical foundation of feasibility analysis, trajectory optimization, and optimal control of trajectory tracking task in on-orbit load-carrying operations.
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  • 22
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    Nonlocal Problems Arising in Thermoelectrics (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-16
    Description: We revisit the derivation of a nonlocal problem modelling temperature distribution due to power generation using thermoelectric effect. The problem has nonlocal coefficients in reaction and convection terms rather than diffusion term, which makes the problem more interesting. In this paper, we prove that the nonlocal problem has a unique decreasing solution when electric current induced by the thermoelectric effect is small enough.
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  • 23
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    Consolidation by Prefabricated Vertical Drains with a Threshold Gradient (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-16
    Description: This paper shows the development of an approximate analytical solution of radial consolidation by prefabricated vertical drains with a threshold gradient. To understand the effect of the threshold gradient on consolidation, a parametric analysis was performed using the present solution. The applicability of the present solution was demonstrated in two cases, wherein the comparisons with Hansbo’s results and observed data were conducted. It was found that (1) the flow with the threshold gradient would not occur instantaneously throughout the whole unit cell. Rather, it gradually occurs from the vertical drain to the outside; (2) the moving boundary would never reach the outer radius of influence if , whereas it will reach the outer radius of influence at some time; (3) the excess pore pressure will not be dissipated completely, but it will maintain a long-term stable value at the end of consolidation; (4) the larger the threshold gradient is, the greater the long-term excess pore pressure will be; and (5) the present solution could predict the consolidation behavior in soft clay better than previous methods.
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  • 24
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    ISP-Friendly Data Scheduling by Advanced Locality-Aware Network Coding for P2P Distribution Cloud (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-16
    Description: Peer-to-peer (P2P) file distribution imposes increasingly heavy traffic burden on the Internet service providers (ISPs). The vast volume of traffic pushes up ISPs’ costs in routing and investment and degrades their networks performance. Building ISP-friendly P2P is therefore of critical importance for ISPs and P2P services. So far most efforts in this area focused on improving the locality-awareness of P2P applications, for example, to construct overlay networks with better knowledge of the underlying network topology. There is, however, growing recognition that data scheduling algorithms also play an effective role in P2P traffic reduction. In this paper, we introduce the advanced locality-aware network coding (ALANC) for P2P file distribution. This data scheduling algorithm completely avoids the transmission of linearly dependent data blocks, which is a notable problem of previous network coding algorithms. Our simulation results show that, in comparison to other algorithms, ALANC not only significantly reduces interdomain P2P traffic, but also remarkably improves both the application-level performance (for P2P services) and the network-level performance (for ISP networks). For example, ALANC is 30% faster in distributing data blocks and it reduces the average traffic load on the underlying links by 40%. We show that ALANC holds the above gains when the tit-for-tat incentive mechanism is introduced or the overlay topology changes dynamically.
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  • 25
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    Lie Symmetry Reductions and Exact Solutions to the Rosenau Equation (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-15
    Description: The Lie symmetry analysis is performed on the Rosenau equation which arises in modeling many physical phenomena. The similarity reductions and exact solutions are presented. Then the exact analytic solutions are considered by the power series method.
    Print ISSN: 1687-9120
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  • 26
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    Fundamental Solutions for Periodic Media (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-15
    Description: Necessity for the periodic fundamental solutions arises when the periodic boundary value problems should be analyzed. The latter are naturally related to problems of finding the homogenized properties of the dispersed composites, porous media, and media with uniformly distributed microcracks or dislocations. Construction of the periodic fundamental solutions is done in terms of the convergent series in harmonic polynomials. An example of the periodic fundamental solution for the anisotropic porous medium is constructed, along with the simplified lower bound estimate.
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  • 27
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    Model and Method for Multiobjective Time-Dependent Hazardous Material Transportation (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-15
    Description: In most of the hazardous material transportation problems, risk factors are assumed to be constant, which ignores the fact that they can vary with time throughout the day. In this paper, we deal with a novel time-dependent hazardous material transportation problem via lane reservation, in which the dynamic nature of transportation risk in the real-life traffic environment is taken into account. We first develop a multiobjective mixed integer programming (MIP) model with two conflicting objectives: minimizing the impact on the normal traffic resulting from lane reservation and minimizing the total transportation risk. We then present a cut-and-solve based -constraint method to solve this model. Computational results indicate that our method outperforms the -constraint method based on optimization software package CPLEX.
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  • 28
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    Coordinate Descent Based Hierarchical Interactive Lasso Penalized Logistic Regression and Its Application to Classification Problems (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: We present the hierarchical interactive lasso penalized logistic regression using the coordinate descent algorithm based on the hierarchy theory and variables interactions. We define the interaction model based on the geometric algebra and hierarchical constraint conditions and then use the coordinate descent algorithm to solve for the coefficients of the hierarchical interactive lasso model. We provide the results of some experiments based on UCI datasets, Madelon datasets from NIPS2003, and daily activities of the elder. The experimental results show that the variable interactions and hierarchy contribute significantly to the classification. The hierarchical interactive lasso has the advantages of the lasso and interactive lasso.
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    Simulation Study on Train-Induced Vibration Control of a Long-Span Steel Truss Girder Bridge by Tuned Mass Dampers (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: Train-induced vibration of steel truss bridges is one of the key issues in bridge engineering. This paper talks about the application of tuned mass damper (TMD) on the vibration control of a steel truss bridge subjected to dynamic train loads. The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge (NYRB) is taken as the research object and a recorded typical train load is included in this study. With dynamic finite element (FE) method, the real-time dynamic responses of NYRB are analyzed based on a simplified train-bridge time-varying system. Thereinto, two cases including single train moving at one side and two trains moving oppositely are specifically investigated. According to the dynamic characteristics and dynamic responses of NYRB, the fourth vertical bending mode is selected as the control target and the parameter sensitivity analysis on vibration control efficiency with TMD is conducted. Using the first-order optimization method, the optimal parameters of TMD are then acquired with the control efficiency of TMD, the static displacement of Midspan, expenditure of TMDs, and manufacture difficulty of the damper considered. Results obtained in this study can provide references for the vibration control of steel truss bridges.
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    Research on Overflow Monitoring Mechanism Based on Downhole Microflow Detection (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-17
    Description: The flow rate variation of the drilling fluid and micro-overflow loss is difficult to analyze. The purpose to prevent the occurrence of kick, lost circulation, and other complex conditions is not easy to be achieved. Therefore, the microflow-induced annulus multiphase flow rate and annulus pressure field model were studied, and a downhole microflow measurement system has been developed. A differential pressure type flow measurement was used in the system, and real-time downhole information was obtained to achieve deep, narrow windows and other safety-density complex formation security. This paper introduced a new bottom-hole flow meter which can measure the annular flux while drilling and monitor overflow and circulation loss. The accuracy and reliability of the MPD (managed pressure drilling) system can be improved obviously by applying the device; as a result, the safety of drilling is enhanced and the cost is reduced.
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    A Hybrid Artificial Bee Colony Algorithm for the Service Selection Problem (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-18
    Description: To tackle the QoS-based service selection problem, a hybrid artificial bee colony algorithm called -ABC is proposed, which incorporates the ant colony optimization mechanism into the artificial bee colony optimization process. In this algorithm, a skyline query process is used to filter the candidates related to each service class, which can greatly shrink the search space in case of not losing good candidates, and a flexible self-adaptive varying construct graph is designed to model the search space based on a clustering process. Then, based on this construct graph, different foraging strategies are designed for different groups of bees in the swarm. Finally, this approach is evaluated experimentally using different standard real datasets and synthetically generated datasets and compared with some recently proposed related service selection algorithms. It reveals very encouraging results in terms of the quality of solutions.
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    Investigations on Vehicle Rollover Prevention Using LQG Regulator (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-10
    Description: This paper presents results of an initial investigation into vehicle roll model and control strategies suitable for preventing vehicle untripped rollovers. For vehicles that are deemed to be susceptible to wheel-liftoff, various control strategies are implemented in simulation. In this study, the authors propose a method for rollover prevention that does not require such accurate contact information. The validity of the stability margin is shown, and it is used to realize rollover prevention in the direction of the roll. The primary assumption in their implementation is that the vehicle in question is equipped with a conventional controller system.
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    Adaptive Fuzzy Fault-Tolerant Output Feedback Tracking Control of Uncertain Stochastic Nonlinear Systems with Unknown Time-Delay and Tracking Error Constrained (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: The problem of tracking error constrained adaptive fuzzy output feedback control is investigated for a class of single-input and single-output (SISO) stochastic nonlinear systems with actuator faults, unknown time-delay, and unmeasured states. The considered faults are modeled as both loss of effectiveness and lock-in-place. The fuzzy logic systems are used to approximate the unknown nonlinear functions, and a fuzzy adaptive observer is designed for estimating the unmeasured states. By transforming the tracking errors into new virtual error variables and based on backstepping recursive design technique, a new fuzzy adaptive output feedback control method is developed. It is shown that all the signals of the resulting closed-loop system are bounded in probability and the tracking error remains an adjustable neighborhood of the origin within the prescribed bounds. The simulation results are provided to show the effectiveness of the proposed approach.
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    An Approximations Based Approach to Optimal Control of Switched Dynamic Systems (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: Our paper deals with a new computational approach to optimal control design for a class of switched systems. The control strategy we propose is based on the conventional proximal point method applied to a specific optimal control problem (OCP) with switched dynamics. The class of OCPs under consideration is widely applicable in optimization of real-world electronic systems. We create constructive approximations for the initially given sophisticated OCP, establish numerical stability (consistency) of the resulting algorithm, and develop an optimal control strategy. We finally discuss some implementability issues, study an illustrative example, and also point to possible generalizations of the elaborated control design in the context of nonlinear hybrid systems.
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    Performance of Power Systems under Sustained Random Perturbations (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: This paper studies linear systems under sustained additive random perturbations. The stable operating point of an electric power system is replaced by an attracting stationary solution if the system is subjected to (small) random additive perturbations. The invariant distribution of this stationary solution gives rise to several performance indices that measure how well the system copes with the randomness. These indices are introduced, showing how they can be used for the optimal tuning of system parameters in the presence of noise. Results on a four-generator two-area system are presented and discussed.
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    Feedback Stabilization for a Class of Nonlinear Stochastic Systems with State- and Control-Dependent Noise (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-06
    Description: This paper mainly studies the state feedback stabilizability of a class of nonlinear stochastic systems with state- and control-dependent noise. Some sufficient conditions on local and global state feedback stabilizations are given in linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) and generalized algebraic Riccati equations (GAREs). Some obtained results improve the previous work.
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    Symmetry and Group Theory and Its Application to Few-Body Physics (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-19
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    Efficiency of High-Order Accurate Difference Schemes for the Korteweg-de Vries Equation (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-09
    Description: Two numerical models to obtain the solution of the KdV equation are proposed. Numerical tools, compact fourth-order and standard fourth-order finite difference techniques, are applied to the KdV equation. The fundamental conservative properties of the equation are preserved by the finite difference methods. Linear stability analysis of two methods is presented by the Von Neumann analysis. The new methods give second- and fourth-order accuracy in time and space, respectively. The numerical experiments show that the proposed methods improve the accuracy of the solution significantly.
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    Research on Key Technologies of Unit-Based CNC Machine Tool Assembly Design (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-09
    Description: Assembly is the part that produces the maximum workload and consumed time during product design and manufacturing process. CNC machine tool is the key basic equipment in manufacturing industry and research on assembly design technologies of CNC machine tool has theoretical significance and practical value. This study established a simplified ASRG for CNC machine tool. The connection between parts, semantic information of transmission, and geometric constraint information were quantified to assembly connection strength to depict the assembling difficulty level. The transmissibility based on trust relationship was applied on the assembly connection strength. Assembly unit partition based on assembly connection strength was conducted, and interferential assembly units were identified and revised. The assembly sequence planning and optimization of parts in each assembly unit and between assembly units was conducted using genetic algorithm. With certain type of high speed CNC turning center, as an example, this paper explored into the assembly modeling, assembly unit partition, and assembly sequence planning and optimization and realized the optimized assembly sequence of headstock of CNC machine tool.
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    Design for Reliability of Complex System: Case Study of Horizontal Drilling Equipment with Limited Failure Data (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: Reliability is an important phase in durable system designs, specifically in the early phase of the product development. In this paper, a new methodology is proposed for complex systems’ design for reliability. Specific test and field failure data scarcity is evaluated here as a challenge to implement design for reliability of a new product. In the developed approach, modeling and simulation of the system are accomplished by using reliability block diagram (RBD) method. The generic data are corrected to account for the design and environment effects on the application. The integral methodology evaluates reliability of the system and assesses the importance of each component. In addition, the availability of the system was evaluated using Monte Carlo simulation. Available design alternatives with different components are analyzed for reliability optimization. Evaluating reliability of complex systems in competitive design attempts is one of the applications of this method. The advantage of this method is that it is applicable in early design phase where there is only limited failure data available. As a case study, horizontal drilling equipment is used for assessment of the proposed method. Benchmarking of the results with a system with more available failure and maintenance data verifies the effectiveness and performance quality of presented method.
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    Interdomain Identity-Based Key Agreement Schemes (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: In order to simplify key management, two-party and three-party key agreement schemes based on user identities have been proposed recently. Multiparty (including more than three parties) key agreement protocols, which also are called conference key schemes, can be applied to distributed systems and wireless environments, such as ad hoc networks, for the purpose of multiparty secure communication. However, it is hard to extend two- or three-party schemes to multiparty ones with the guarantee of efficiency and security. In addition to the above two properties, interdomain environments should also be considered in key agreement systems due to diversified network domains. However, only few identity-based multiparty conference key agreement schemes for single domain environments and none for interdomain environments were proposed in the literature and they did not satisfy all of the security attributes such as forward secrecy and withstanding impersonation. In this paper, we will propose a novel efficient single domain identity-based multiparty conference key scheme and extend it to an interdomain one. Finally, we prove that the proposed schemes satisfy the required security attributes via formal methods.
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    A Review on Particle Swarm Optimization Algorithm and Its Variants to Human Motion Tracking (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: Automatic human motion tracking in video sequences is one of the most frequently tackled tasks in computer vision community. The goal of human motion capture is to estimate the joints angles of human body at any time. However, this is one of the most challenging problem in computer vision and pattern recognition due to the high-dimensional search space, self-occlusion, and high variability in human appearance. Several approaches have been proposed in the literature using different techniques. However, conventional approaches such as stochastic particle filtering have shortcomings in computational cost, slowness of convergence, suffers from the curse of dimensionality and demand a high number of evaluations to achieve accurate results. Particle swarm optimization (PSO) is a population-based globalized search algorithm which has been successfully applied to address human motion tracking problem and produced better results in high-dimensional search space. This paper presents a systematic literature survey on the PSO algorithm and its variants to human motion tracking. An attempt is made to provide a guide for the researchers working in the field of PSO based human motion tracking from video sequences. Additionally, the paper also presents the performance of various model evaluation search strategies within PSO tracking framework for 3D pose tracking.
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    Dynamics and Control of a Flexible Solar Sail (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: Solar sail can merely make use of solar radiation pressure (SRP) force as the thrust for space missions. The attitude dynamics is obtained for the highly flexible solar sail with control vanes, sliding masses, and a gimbaled control boom. The vibration equations are derived considering the geometric nonlinearity of the sail structure subjected to the forces generated by the control vanes, solar radiation pressure (SRP), and sliding masses. Then the dynamic models for attitude/vibration controller design and dynamic simulation are obtained, respectively. The linear quadratic regulator (LQR) based and optimal proportional-integral (PI) based controllers are designed for the coupled attitude/vibration models with constant disturbance torques caused by the center-of-mass (cm)/center-of-pressure (cp) offset, respectively. It can be concluded from the theoretical analysis and simulation results that the optimal PI based controller performs better than the LQR based controller from the view of eliminating the steady-state errors. The responses with and without the geometrical nonlinearity are performed, and the differences are observed and analyzed. And some suggestions are also presented.
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    Inverse System Analysis and Modeling of Bearingless Induction Motor and Its Combined Control Strategy (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-01
    Description: Bearingless induction motor is a multi-variable, nonlinear and strong coupling object, the existing inverse control method ignores the stator current dynamics of torque system. Aiming at its nonlinear and strong coupling problems, a novel combinatorial decoupling control strategy based on stator flux orientation and inverse system method is proposed. Taking the stator current dynamics of four-pole torque system into account, the reversibility and inverse system model of torque system are analyzed and established. Adopting the inverse system method, the dynamic decoupling between motor speed and stator flux-linkage is achieved; by online identification and calculation, the airgap flux-linkage of torque system is got. Based on above, feedback and compensation control of two radial displacement components of two-pole suspension system is realized. Simulation results have shown the higher decoupling control performance and stronger anti-interference ability of the decoupling control system; the proposed decoupling strategy not only owns the characteristics of be simple and convenient, but also is effective and feasible.
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    Designing All-Pole Filters for High-Frequency Phase-Locked Loops (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-30
    Description: Since the phase-locked loop (PLL) circuit was proposed in the 1930s, it is being used for a lot of situations when precise frequency and phase references are required. Among these applications, synchronous telecommunication networks experienced a strong development in order to support the explosive information traffic that the modern society demands. Consequently, bandwidth became a decisive parameter, implying higher and higher frequencies for the clock signals exchanged between the nodes of the networks and detected by PLLs. The necessity to improve clock precision that follows the bandwidth increase provoked the improvement of the filter component of the PLLs, avoiding instability and high-frequency components in the reference signals. Here, a technique of designing this kind of filter is presented, considering second-order filters, implying third-order PLLs. Simulations show that following this technique produces very fast tracking processes, enabling precise operation even for very high frequencies.
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    Queueing System with Absolute Priority and Reservation of Servers (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-30
    Description: We consider a multiserver queueing system with an infinite buffer and two types of customers. The flow of customers is described by two Markovian arrival processes (MAPs). Type 1 customers have absolute priority over type 2 customers. If the arriving type 1 customer encounters all servers busy, but some of them provide service to type 2 customers, service of one type 2 customer is terminated and type 1 customer occupies the released server. To avoid too frequent termination of service of type 2 customers, we suggest reservation of some number of servers for type 1 customers. Type 2 customers, who do not succeed to get a server upon arrival or are knocked out from a server, join the buffer or leave the system forever. During a waiting period in the buffer, type 2 customers can be impatient and may leave the system forever. The ergodicity condition of the system is derived in an analytically tractable form. The stationary distribution of the system states and the main performance measures are calculated. The Laplace-Stieltjes transform of the waiting time distribution of an arbitrary type 2 customer is derived. Numerical examples are presented. The problem of the optimal channel reservation is numerically solved.
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    Dynamical Analysis of the Lorenz-84 Atmospheric Circulation Model (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-24
    Description: The dynamical behaviors of the Lorenz-84 atmospheric circulation model are investigated based on qualitative theory and numerical simulations. The stability and local bifurcation conditions of the Lorenz-84 atmospheric circulation model are obtained. It is also shown that when the bifurcation parameter exceeds a critical value, the Hopf bifurcation occurs in this model. Then, the conditions of the supercritical and subcritical bifurcation are derived through the normal form theory. Finally, the chaotic behavior of the model is also discussed, the bifurcation diagrams and Lyapunov exponents spectrum for the corresponding parameter are obtained, and the parameter interval ranges of limit cycle and chaotic attractor are calculated in further. Especially, a computer-assisted proof of the chaoticity of the model is presented by a topological horseshoe theory.
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    Localizing Brain Activity from Multiple Distinct Sources via EEG (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-24
    Description: An important question arousing in the framework of electroencephalography (EEG) is the possibility to recognize, by means of a recorded surface potential, the number of activated areas in the brain. In the present paper, employing a homogeneous spherical conductor serving as an approximation of the brain, we provide a criterion which determines whether the measured surface potential is evoked by a single or multiple localized neuronal excitations. We show that the uniqueness of the inverse problem for a single dipole is closely connected with attaining certain relations connecting the measured data. Further, we present the necessary and sufficient conditions which decide whether the collected data originates from a single dipole or from numerous dipoles. In the case where the EEG data arouses from multiple parallel dipoles, an isolation of the source is, in general, not possible.
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    Joint Application of Bilinear Operator and F-Expansion Method for ()-Dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili Equation (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-11-24
    Description: The bilinear operator and F-expansion method are applied jointly to study ()-dimensional Kadomtsev-Petviashvili (KP) equation. An exact cusped solitary wave solution is obtained by using the extended single-soliton test function and its mechanical feature which blows up periodically in finite time for cusped solitary wave is investigated. By constructing the extended double-soliton test function, a new type of exact traveling wave solution describing the assimilation of solitary wave and periodic traveling wave is also presented. Our results validate the effectiveness for joint application of the bilinear operator and F-expansion method.
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    Emergency Rescue Location Model with Uncertain Rescue Time (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-02
    Description: In order to model emergency rescue location problem with uncertain rescue time, an uncertain expected cost minimization model is proposed under uncertain environment. For solving this model, we convert the uncertain model to its equivalent deterministic form. Finally, a numerical example has been presented to illustrate the model. The computational results which were solved by the down mountain algorithm are provided to demonstrate the effectiveness of the model.
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    Chaotic Vibration and Comfort Analysis of Nonlinear Full-Vehicle Model Excited by Consecutive Speed Control Humps (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-02
    Description: When vehicles are driven on consecutive speed control humps, the parameters of speed control humps such as height, width, and space and vehicle’s speed are the important factors to affect safety and comfort of passengers. The paper assumes that the excitation function of the consecutive speed control humps is a half-sine wave and a SCHs-speed coupling excitation model called 7-DOF nonlinear full-vehicle model and differential equation are established by introducing the time delay of incentive input and then by using numerical simulation to analyze chaotic vibration in 7-DOF nonlinear full-vehicle model excited by consecutive speed control humps. The numerical simulation results show that chaotic vibration phenomenon possibly appears as vehicles are driven on consecutive speed control humps. Further studies indicate that the influence of nonlinear running state of vehicle on driving comfort becomes manifest as the state changes from chaotic motions to the periodic motion of the high speed and the periodic motion of the low speed, and this phenomenon can be avoided by changing the parameters of consecutive speed control humps. The results can be applied in design of vehicle and road humps pavement.
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    Chaotic Dynamics in Smart Grid and Suppression Scheme via Generalized Fuzzy Hyperbolic Model (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-02
    Description: This paper presents a method to control chaotic behavior of a typical Smart Grid based on generalized fuzzy hyperbolic model (GFHM). As more and more distributed generations (DG) are incorporated into the Smart Grid, the chaotic behavior occurs increasingly. To verify the behavior, a dynamic model which describes a power system with DG is presented firstly. Then, the simulation result shows that the power system can lead to chaos under certain initial conditions. Based on the universal approximation of GFHM, we confirm that the chaotic behavior could be suppressed by a new controller, which is designed by means of solving a linear matrix inequality (LMI). This approach could make a good application to suppress the chaos in Smart Grid. Finally, a numerical example is given to demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed chaotic suppression strategy.
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    On Exponential Stabilizability for a Class of Switched Nonlinear Systems with Mixed Time-Varying Delays (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-12-05
    Description: We study the exponential stabilizability for a class of switched nonlinear systems with mixed time-varying delays. By using a new technique developed for positive systems, we design the average dwell time switching under which the switched nonlinear system is exponentially stable for any bounded delays. Finally, numerical examples are worked out to illustrate the main theoretical result.
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    Quasistatic Seismic Damage Indicators for RC Structures from Dissipating Energies in Tangential Subspaces (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-12
    Description: This paper applies recent research on structural damage description to earthquake-resistant design concepts. Based on the primary design aim of life safety, this work adopts the necessity of additional protection aims for property, installation, and equipment. This requires the definition of damage indicators, which are able to quantify the arising structural damage. As in present design, it applies nonlinear quasistatic (pushover) concepts due to code provisions as simplified dynamic design tools. Substituting so nonlinear time-history analyses, seismic low-cycle fatigue of RC structures is approximated in similar manner. The treatment will be embedded into a finite element environment, and the tangential stiffness matrix in tangential subspaces then is identified as the most general entry for structural damage information. Its spectra of eigenvalues or natural frequencies of the structure serve to derive damage indicators , applicable to quasistatic evaluation of seismic damage. Because det denotes structural failure, such damage indicators range from virgin situation to failure and thus correspond with FEMA proposals on performance-based seismic design. Finally, the developed concept is checked by reanalyses of two experimentally investigated RC frames.
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    Optimization Based High-Speed Railway Train Rescheduling with Speed Restriction (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: A decision support framework with four components is proposed for high-speed railway timetable rescheduling in case of speed restriction. The first module provides the speed restriction information. The capacity evaluation module is used to evaluate whether the capacity can fulfill the demand before rescheduling timetable based on deduction factor method. The bilayer rescheduling module is the key of the decision support framework. In the bilayer rescheduling module, the upper-layer objective is to make an optimal rerouting plan with selected rerouting actions. Given a specific rerouting plan, the lower-layer focuses on minimizing the total delay as well as the number of seriously impacted trains. The result assessment module is designed to invoke the rescheduling model iteratively with different settings. There are three prominent features of the framework, such as realized interaction with dispatchers, emphasized passengers’ satisfaction, and reduced computation complexity with a bilayer modeling approach. The proposed rescheduling model is simulated on the busiest part of Beijing to Shanghai high-speed railway in China. The case study shows the significance of rerouting strategy and utilization of the railway network capacity in case of speed restriction.
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    Delay-Dependent Stability Criterion of Caputo Fractional Neural Networks with Distributed Delay (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: This paper is concerned with the finite-time stability of Caputo fractional neural networks with distributed delay. The factors of such systems including Caputo’s fractional derivative and distributed delay are taken into account synchronously. For the Caputo fractional neural network model, a finite-time stability criterion is established by using the theory of fractional calculus and generalized Gronwall-Bellman inequality approach. Both the proposed criterion and an illustrative example show that the stability performance of Caputo fractional distributed delay neural networks is dependent on the time delay and the order of Caputo’s fractional derivative over a finite time.
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    An Operation Optimization for Express Freight Trains Based on Shipper Demands (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: The supreme goal of railway express freight transportation is to meet the various demands of shippers. This paper considers the optimization problem of the operation plan for express freight trains based on shipper demands, including transport volume, service frequency, and transit time. An integer programming model that takes maximum shipper demands as optimized objective is proposed to realize the assignment of trains to candidate paths. In this model, the number of marshalling cars for express freight train is set as a decision variable rather than a constant to better satisfy the demand characteristics. A heuristic solution algorithm based on genetic algorithm is then designed. Finally, a numerical case is applied to verify the feasibility of the model and the algorithm.
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    Viability Discrimination of a Class of Control Systems on a Nonsmooth Region (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: The viability problem is an important field of study in control theory; the corresponding research has profound significance in both theory and practice. In this paper, we consider the viability for both an affine nonlinear hybrid system and a hybrid differential inclusion on a region with subdifferentiable boundary. Based on the nonsmooth analysis theory, we obtain a method to verify the viability condition at a point, when the boundary function of the region is subdifferentiable and its subdifferential is convex hull of many finite points.
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    Asymptotic Behaviour and Extinction of Delay Lotka-Volterra Model with Jump-Diffusion (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: This paper studies the effect of jump-diffusion random environmental perturbations on the asymptotic behaviour and extinction of Lotka-Volterra population dynamics with delays. The contributions of this paper lie in the following: (a) to consider delay stochastic differential equation with jumps, we introduce a proper initial data space, in which the initial data may be discontinuous function with downward jumps; (b) we show that the delay stochastic differential equation with jumps associated with our model has a unique global positive solution and give sufficient conditions that ensure stochastically ultimate boundedness, moment average boundedness in time, and asymptotic polynomial growth of our model; (c) the sufficient conditions for the extinction of the system are obtained, which generalized the former results and showed that the sufficiently large random jump magnitudes and intensity (average rate of jump events arrival) may lead to extinction of the population.
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    Stochastic Logistic Systems with Jumps (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: This paper is concerned with a stochastic nonautonomous logistic model with jumps. In the model, the martingale and jump noise are taken into account. This model is new and more feasible and applicable. Sufficient criteria for the existence of global positive solutions are obtained; then asymptotic boundedness in pth moment, stochastically ultimate boundedness, and asymptotic pathwise behavior are to be considered.
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    A New Multiobjective Evolutionary Algorithm Based on Decomposition of the Objective Space for Multiobjective Optimization (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: In order to well maintain the diversity of obtained solutions, a new multiobjective evolutionary algorithm based on decomposition of the objective space for multiobjective optimization problems (MOPs) is designed. In order to achieve the goal, the objective space of a MOP is decomposed into a set of subobjective spaces by a set of direction vectors. In the evolutionary process, each subobjective space has a solution, even if it is not a Pareto optimal solution. In such a way, the diversity of obtained solutions can be maintained, which is critical for solving some MOPs. In addition, if a solution is dominated by other solutions, the solution can generate more new solutions than those solutions, which makes the solution of each subobjective space converge to the optimal solutions as far as possible. Experimental studies have been conducted to compare this proposed algorithm with classic MOEA/D and NSGAII. Simulation results on six multiobjective benchmark functions show that the proposed algorithm is able to obtain better diversity and more evenly distributed Pareto front than the other two algorithms.
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    Models and Algorithms for Tracking Target with Coordinated Turn Motion (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: Tracking target with coordinated turn (CT) motion is highly dependent on the models and algorithms. First, the widely used models are compared in this paper—coordinated turn (CT) model with known turn rate, augmented coordinated turn (ACT) model with Cartesian velocity, ACT model with polar velocity, CT model using a kinematic constraint, and maneuver centered circular motion model. Then, in the single model tracking framework, the tracking algorithms for the last four models are compared and the suggestions on the choice of models for different practical target tracking problems are given. Finally, in the multiple models (MM) framework, the algorithm based on expectation maximization (EM) algorithm is derived, including both the batch form and the recursive form. Compared with the widely used interacting multiple model (IMM) algorithm, the EM algorithm shows its effectiveness.
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    GARCH-Type Model with Continuous and Jump Variation for Stock Volatility and Its Empirical Study in China (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: On the basis of GARCH-RV-type model, we decomposed the realized volatility into continuous sample path variation and discontinuous jump variation, then proposed a new volatility model which we call the GARCH-type model with continuous and jump variation (GARCH-CJ-type model). By using the 5-minute high frequency data of HUSHEN 300 index in China, we estimated parameters of the GARCH-type model, the GARCH-RV-type model, and the GARCH-CJ-type model and compared the three types of models’ predictive power to the future volatility. The results show that the realized volatility and the continuous sample path variation have certain predictive power for future volatility, but the discontinuous jump variation does not have that kind of function. What is more, the GARCH-CJ-type model has a more power to predict the future volatility than the other two types of models. Therefore, the GARCH-CJ-type model is much more useful for the research on the capital assets pricing, the derivative security valuation, and so on.
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    Optimal Manoeuvres of Underactuated Linear Mechanical Systems: The Case of Controlling Gantry Crane Operations (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-13
    Description: A method of solving optimal manoeuvre control of linear underactuated mechanical systems is presented. The nonintegrable constraints present in such systems are handled by adding dummy actuators and then by applying Lagrange multipliers to reduce their action to zero. The open- and closed-loop control schemes can be analyzed. The method, referred to as the constrained modal space optimal control (CMSOC), is illustrated in the examples of gantry crane operations.
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    An Integrated Procedure for Bayesian Reliability Inference Using MCMC (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: The recent proliferation of Markov chain Monte Carlo (MCMC) approaches has led to the use of the Bayesian inference in a wide variety of fields. To facilitate MCMC applications, this paper proposes an integrated procedure for Bayesian inference using MCMC methods, from a reliability perspective. The goal is to build a framework for related academic research and engineering applications to implement modern computational-based Bayesian approaches, especially for reliability inferences. The procedure developed here is a continuous improvement process with four stages (Plan, Do, Study, and Action) and 11 steps, including: (1) data preparation; (2) prior inspection and integration; (3) prior selection; (4) model selection; (5) posterior sampling; (6) MCMC convergence diagnostic; (7) Monte Carlo error diagnostic; (8) model improvement; (9) model comparison; (10) inference making; (11) data updating and inference improvement. The paper illustrates the proposed procedure using a case study.
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    An Overview of Recent Advances in the Iterative Analysis of Coupled Models for Wave Propagation (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: Wave propagation problems can be solved using a variety of methods. However, in many cases, the joint use of different numerical procedures to model different parts of the problem may be advisable and strategies to perform the coupling between them must be developed. Many works have been published on this subject, addressing the case of electromagnetic, acoustic, or elastic waves and making use of different strategies to perform this coupling. Both direct and iterative approaches can be used, and they may exhibit specific advantages and disadvantages. This work focuses on the use of iterative coupling schemes for the analysis of wave propagation problems, presenting an overview of the application of iterative procedures to perform the coupling between different methods. Both frequency- and time-domain analyses are addressed, and problems involving acoustic, mechanical, and electromagnetic wave propagation problems are illustrated.
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    Retracted: A Numerical Model for Torsion Analysis of Composite Ship Hulls (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
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    Variance-Constrained Robust Estimation for Discrete-Time Systems with Communication Constraints (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: This paper is concerned with a new filtering problem in networked control systems (NCSs) subject to limited communication capacity, which includes measurement quantization, random transmission delay, and packets loss. The measurements are first quantized via a logarithmic quantizer and then transmitted through a digital communication network with random delay and packet loss. The three communication constraints phenomena which can be seen as a class of uncertainties are formulated by a stochastic parameter uncertainty system. The purpose of the paper is to design a linear filter such that, for all the communication constraints, the error state of the filtering process is mean square bounded and the steady-state variance of the estimation error for each state is not more than the individual prescribed upper bound. It is shown that the desired filtering can effectively be solved if there are positive definite solutions to a couple of algebraic Riccati-like inequalities or linear matrix inequalities. Finally, an illustrative numerical example is presented to demonstrate the effectiveness and flexibility of the proposed design approach.
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    A New Iterative Method for Linear Systems from XFEM (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: The extend finite element method (XFEM) is popular in structural mechanics when dealing with the problem of the cracked domains. XFEM ends up with a linear system. However, XFEM usually leads to nonsymmetric and ill-conditioned stiff matrix. In this paper, we take the linear elastostatics governing equations as the model problem. We propose a new iterative method to solve the linear equations. Here we separate two variables and Enr, so that we change the problems into solving the smaller scale equations iteratively. The new program can be easily applied. Finally, numerical examples show that the proposed method is more efficient than common methods; we compare the -error and the CPU time in whole process. Furthermore, the new XFEM can be applied and optimized in many other problems.
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    A BDDC Preconditioner for the Rotated FEM for Elliptic Problems with Discontinuous Coefficients (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: We propose a BDDC preconditioner for the rotated finite element method for second order elliptic equations with piecewise but discontinuous coefficients. In the framework of the standard additive Schwarz methods, we describe this method by a complete variational form. We show that our method has a quasioptimal convergence behavior; that is, the condition number of the preconditioned problem is independent of the jumps of the coefficients and depends only logarithmically on the ratio between the subdomain size and the mesh size. Numerical experiments are presented to confirm our theoretical analysis.
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    Multiple Attribute Decision Making Based on Hesitant Fuzzy Einstein Geometric Aggregation Operators (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: We first define an accuracy function of hesitant fuzzy elements (HFEs) and develop a new method to compare two HFEs. Then, based on Einstein operators, we give some new operational laws on HFEs and some desirable properties of these operations. We also develop several new hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators, including the hesitant fuzzy Einstein weighted geometric (HFEWGε) operator and the hesitant fuzzy Einstein ordered weighted geometric (HFEWGε) operator, which are the extensions of the weighted geometric operator and the ordered weighted geometric (OWG) operator with hesitant fuzzy information, respectively. Furthermore, we establish the connections between the proposed and the existing hesitant fuzzy aggregation operators and discuss various properties of the proposed operators. Finally, we apply the HFEWGε operator to solve the hesitant fuzzy decision making problems.
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    The Representation of Circular Arc by Using Rational Cubic Timmer Curve (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: In CAD/CAM systems, rational polynomials, in particular the Bézier or NURBS forms, are useful to approximate the circular arcs. In this paper, a new representation method by means of rational cubic Timmer (RCT) curves is proposed to effectively represent a circular arc. The turning angle of a rational cubic Bézier and rational cubic Ball circular arcs without negative weight is still not more than and , respectively. The turning angle of proposed approach is more than Bézier and Ball circular arcs with easier calculation and determination of control points. The proposed method also provides the easier modification in the shape of circular arc showing in several numerical examples.
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    Efficient Stereo Matching with Decoupled Dissimilarity Measure Using Successive Weighted Summation (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: Developing matching algorithms from stereo image pairs to obtain correct disparity maps for 3D reconstruction has been the focus of intensive research. A constant computational complexity algorithm to calculate dissimilarity aggregation in assessing disparity based on separable successive weighted summation (SWS) among horizontal and vertical directions was proposed but still not satisfactory. This paper presents a novel method which enables decoupled dissimilarity measure in the aggregation, further improving the accuracy and robustness of stereo correspondence. The aggregated cost is also used to refine disparities based on a local curve-fitting procedure. According to our experimental results on Middlebury benchmark evaluation, the proposed approach has comparable performance when compared with the selected state-of-the-art algorithms and has the lowest mismatch rate. Besides, the refinement procedure is shown to be capable of preserving object boundaries and depth discontinuities while smoothing out disparity maps.
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    Link Prediction in Directed Network and Its Application in Microblog (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: Link prediction tries to infer the likelihood of the existence of a link between two nodes in a network. It has important theoretical and practical value. To date, many link prediction algorithms have been proposed. However, most of these studies assumed that links of network are undirected. In this paper, we focus on link prediction in directed networks. We provide an efficient and effective link prediction method, which consists of three steps as follows: (1) we locate the similar nodes of a target node; (2) we identify candidates that the similar nodes link to; and (3) we rank candidates using weighing schemes. We conduct experiments to evaluate the accuracy of our proposed method using real microblog data. The experimental results show that the proposed method is promising.
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    The Kirchhoff Index of Folded Hypercubes and Some Variant Networks (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: The -dimensional folded hypercube is an important and attractive variant of the -dimensional hypercube , which is obtained from by adding an edge between any pair of vertices complementary edges. is superior to in many measurements, such as the diameter of which is , about a half of the diameter in terms of . The Kirchhoff index is the sum of resistance distances between all pairs of vertices in . In this paper, we established the relationships between the folded hypercubes networks and its three variant networks , , and on their Kirchhoff index, by deducing the characteristic polynomial of the Laplacian matrix in spectral graph theory. Moreover, the explicit formulae for the Kirchhoff indexes of , , , and were proposed, respectively.
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    A Service Chain Discovery and Recommendation Scheme Using Complex Network Theory (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: Service chain discovery and recommendation are significant in services composition. A complex network module based algorithm using services invocable relations is proposed to search useful service chains on the network. Furthermore, a new scheme for discovering composite services processes automatically and recommending service chains by ranking their QoS is provided. Simulations are carried out and the results indicate that some useful service chains in the dataset provided by the WSC2009 can be found by the new algorithm.
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    An Algorithm for Mining of Association Rules for the Information Communication Network Alarms Based on Swarm Intelligence (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-20
    Description: Due to the centralized management of information communication network, the network operator have to face these pressures, which come from the increasing network alarms and maintenance efficiency. The effective analysis on mining of the network alarm association rules is achieved by incorporating classic data association mining algorithm and swarm intelligence optimization algorithm. From the related concept of the information communication network, the paper analyzes the data characteristics and association logic of the network alarms. Besides, the alarm data are preprocessed and the main standardization information fields are screened. The APPSO algorithm is proposed on the basis of combining the evaluation method for support and confidence coefficient in the Apriori (AP) algorithm as well as the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm. By establishing a sparse linked list, the algorithm is able to calculate the particle support thus further improving the performance of the APPSO algorithm. Based on the test for the network alarm data, it is discovered that rational setting of the particle swarm scale and number of iterations of the APPSO algorithm can be used to mine the vast majority and even all of the association rules and the mining efficiency is significantly improved, compared with Apriori algorithm.
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    Topological Effects and Performance Optimization in Transportation Continuous Network Design (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: Because of the limitation of budget, in the planning of road works, increased efforts should be made on links that are more critical to the whole traffic system. Therefore, it would be helpful to model and evaluate the vulnerability and reliability of the transportation network when the network design is processing. This paper proposes a bilevel transportation network design model, in which the upper level is to minimize the performance of the network under the given budgets, while the lower level is a typical user equilibrium assignment problem. A new solution approach based on particle swarm optimization (PSO) method is presented. The topological effects on the performance of transportation networks are studied with the consideration of three typical networks, regular lattice, random graph, and small-world network. Numerical examples and simulations are presented to demonstrate the proposed model.
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    A High-Performance Control Method of Constant -Controlled Induction Motor Drives for Electric Vehicles (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: A three-phase induction motor used as a propulsion system for the electric vehicle (EV) is a nonlinear, multi-input multi-output, and strong coupling system. For such a complicated model system with unmeasured and unavoidable disturbances, as well as parameter variations, the conventional vector control method cannot meet the demands of high-performance control. Therefore, a novel control strategy named least squares support vector machines (LSSVM) inverse control is presented in the paper. Invertibility of the induction motor in the constant control mode is proved to confirm its feasibility. The LSSVM inverse is composed of an LSSVM approximating the nonlinear mapping of the induction motor and two integrators. The inverse model of the constant -controlled induction motor drive is obtained by using LSSVM, and then the optimal parameters of LSSVM are determined automatically by applying a modified particle swarm optimization (MPSO). Cascading the LSSVM inverse with the induction motor drive system, the pseudolinear system can be obtained. Thus, it is easy to design the closed-loop linear regulator. The simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed method.
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    Fusion Control of Flexible Logic Control and Neural Network (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: Based on the basic physical meaning of error and error variety , this paper analyzes the logical relationship between them and uses Universal Combinatorial Operation Model in Universal Logic to describe it. Accordingly, a flexible logic control method is put forward to realize effective control on multivariable nonlinear system. In order to implement fusion control with artificial neural network, this paper proposes a new neuron model of Zero-level Universal Combinatorial Operation in Universal Logic. And the artificial neural network of flexible logic control model is implemented based on the proposed neuron model. Finally, stability control, anti-interference control of double inverted-pendulum system, and free walking of cart pendulum system on a level track are realized, showing experimentally the feasibility and validity of this method.
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    Theory and Applications of Complex Networks (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
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    Adaptive Fault Detection with Two Time-Varying Control Limits for Nonlinear and Multimodal Processes (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: A novel fault detection method is proposed for detection process with nonlinearity and multimodal batches. Calculating the Mahalanobis distance of samples, the data with the similar characteristics are replaced by the mean of them; thus, the number of training data is reduced easily. Moreover, the super ball regions of mean and variance of training data are presented, which not only retains the statistical properties of original training data but also avoids the reduction of data unlimitedly. To accurately identify faults, two control limits are determined during investigating the distributions of distances and angles between training samples to their nearest neighboring samples in the reduced database; thus, the traditional -nearest neighbors (only considering distances) fault detection (FD-kNN) method is developed. Another feature of the proposed detection method is that the control limits vary with updating database such that an adaptive fault detection technique is obtained. Finally, numerical examples and case study are given to illustrate the effectiveness and advantages of the proposed method.
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    An Investigation into the Performance of Particle Swarm Optimization with Various Chaotic Maps (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: This paper experimentally investigates the effect of nine chaotic maps on the performance of two Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) variants, namely, Random Inertia Weight PSO (RIW-PSO) and Linear Decreasing Inertia Weight PSO (LDIW-PSO) algorithms. The applications of logistic chaotic map by researchers to these variants have led to Chaotic Random Inertia Weight PSO (CRIW-PSO) and Chaotic Linear Decreasing Inertia Weight PSO (CDIW-PSO) with improved optimizing capability due to better global search mobility. However, there are many other chaotic maps in literature which could perhaps enhance the performances of RIW-PSO and LDIW-PSO more than logistic map. Some benchmark mathematical problems well-studied in literature were used to verify the performances of RIW-PSO and LDIW-PSO variants using the nine chaotic maps in comparison with logistic chaotic map. Results show that the performances of these two variants were improved more by many of the chaotic maps than by logistic map in many of the test problems. The best performance, in terms of function evaluations, was obtained by the two variants using Intermittency chaotic map. Results in this paper provide a platform for informative decision making when selecting chaotic maps to be used in the inertia weight formula of LDIW-PSO and RIW-PSO.
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    Service Optimization and Control (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
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    Sensitivity Analysis of the Proximal-Based Parallel Decomposition Methods (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: The proximal-based parallel decomposition methods were recently proposed to solve structured convex optimization problems. These algorithms are eligible for parallel computation and can be used efficiently for solving large-scale separable problems. In this paper, compared with the previous theoretical results, we show that the range of the involved parameters can be enlarged while the convergence can be still established. Preliminary numerical tests on stable principal component pursuit problem testify to the advantages of the enlargement.
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    A Comparison of Standard One-Step DDA Circular Interpolators with a New Cheap Two-Step Algorithm (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: We present and study existing digital differential analyzer (DDA) algorithms for circle generation, including an improved two-step DDA algorithm which can be implemented solely in terms of elementary shifts, addition, and subtraction.
    Print ISSN: 1687-5591
    Electronic ISSN: 1687-5605
    Topics: Computer Science , Technology
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    Penalized Maximum Likelihood Algorithm for Positron Emission Tomography by Using Anisotropic Median-Diffusion (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: Nowadays, positron emission tomography (PET) is widely used in engineering. In this paper, a novel penalized maximum likelihood (PML) algorithm is presented for improving the quality of PET images. The proposed algorithm fuses an anisotropic median-diffusion (AMD) filter to the maximum-likelihood expectation-maximization (MLEM) algorithm. The fusing algorithm shows its positive effect on image reconstruction and denoising. Experimental results present that the proposed method denoises and reconstructs images with high quality. Furthermore, by comparing with other classical reconstructing algorithms, this novel algorithm shows better performance in the edge preservation.
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    Smart Control Algorithms and Technology in Civil Infrastructures (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
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    Intelligent Platform for Model Updating in a Structural Health Monitoring System (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-21
    Description: The main aim of this study is to develop an automated smart software platform to improve the time-consuming and laborious process of model updating. We investigate the key techniques of model updating based on intelligent optimization algorithms, that is, accuracy judgment methods for basic finite element model, parameter choice theory based on sensitivity analysis, commonly used objective functions and their construction methods, particle swarm optimization, and other intelligent optimization algorithms. An intelligent model updating prototype software framework is developed using the commercial software systems ANSYS and MATLAB. A parameterized finite element modeling technique is proposed to suit different bridge types and different model updating requirements. An objective function library is built to fit different updating targets. Finally, two case studies are conducted to verify the feasibility of the techniques used by the proposed software platform.
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    Solutions of a Quadratic Inverse Eigenvalue Problem for Damped Gyroscopic Second-Order Systems (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-22
    Description: Given pairs of complex numbers and vectors (closed under conjugation), we consider the inverse quadratic eigenvalue problem of constructing real matrices , , , and , where , and are symmetric, and is skew-symmetric, so that the quadratic pencil has the given pairs as eigenpairs. First, we construct a general solution to this problem with . Then, with the special properties and , we construct a particular solution. Numerical results illustrate these solutions.
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    On the Agaciro Equation via the Scope of Green Function (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-22
    Description: We have undertaken an investigation of a kind of third-order equation called Agaciro equation within the folder of both integer and fractional order derivative. In the way of deriving the general exact solution of this equation, we employed the philosophy of the Green function together with some integral transform operators and special functions including but not limited to the Laplace, Fourier, and Mellin transform. We presented some examples of exact solution of this class of third-order equations for integer and fractional order derivative. It is important to point out that the value of Agaciro equation can be extended to describe assorted phenomenon in sciences.
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    Nonlinear Analysis and Intelligent Control of Integrated Vehicle Dynamics (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-22
    Description: With increasing and more stringent requirements for advanced vehicle integration, including vehicle dynamics and control, traditional control and optimization strategies may not qualify for many applications. This is because, among other factors, they do not consider the nonlinear characteristics of practical systems. Moreover, the vehicle wheel model has some inadequacies regarding the sideslip angle, road adhesion coefficient, vertical load, and velocity. In this paper, an adaptive neural wheel network is introduced, and the interaction between the lateral and vertical dynamics of the vehicle is analyzed. By means of nonlinear analyses such as the use of a bifurcation diagram and the Lyapunov exponent, the vehicle is shown to exhibit complicated motions with increasing forward speed. Furthermore, electric power steering (EPS) and active suspension system (ASS), which are based on intelligent control, are used to reduce the nonlinear effect, and a negotiation algorithm is designed to manage the interdependences and conflicts among handling stability, driving smoothness, and safety. Further, a rapid control prototype was built using the hardware-in-the-loop simulation platform dSPACE and used to conduct a real vehicle test. The results of the test were consistent with those of the simulation, thereby validating the proposed control.
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    Exponential Stability of Stochastic Delayed Neural Networks with Inverse Hölder Activation Functions and Markovian Jump Parameters (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-24
    Description: The exponential stability issue for a class of stochastic neural networks (SNNs) with Markovian jump parameters, mixed time delays, and -inverse Hölder activation functions is investigated. The jumping parameters are modeled as a continuous-time finite-state Markov chain. Firstly, based on Brouwer degree properties, the existence and uniqueness of the equilibrium point for SNNs without noise perturbations are proved. Secondly, by applying the Lyapunov-Krasovskii functional approach, stochastic analysis theory, and linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique, new delay-dependent sufficient criteria are achieved in terms of LMIs to ensure the SNNs with noise perturbations to be globally exponentially stable in the mean square. Finally, two simulation examples are provided to demonstrate the validity of the theoretical results.
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    Numerical Analysis for the Synthesis of Biodiesel Using Spectral Relaxation Method (2014)
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-24
    Description: Biodiesel is an alternative diesel fuel chemically defined as the mono-alkyl esters of long chain fatty acids derived from vegetable oils or animal fat. It is becoming more attractive as an alternative fuel due to the depleting fossil fuel resources. A mathematical model for the synthesis of biodiesel from vegetable oils and animal fats is presented in this study. Numerical solutions of the model are found using a spectral relaxation method. The method, originally developed for boundary value problems, is an iterative scheme based on the Chebyshev spectral collocation method developed by decoupling systems of equations using Gauss-Seidel type of techniques. The effects of the reaction rate constants and initial concentrations of the reactants on the amount of the final product are being investigated. The accuracy of the numerical results is validated by comparison with known analytical results and numerical results obtained using ode45, an efficient explicit 4th and 5th order Runge-Kutta method used to integrate both linear and nonlinear differential equations.
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    A Meshless Local Petrov-Galerkin Shepard and Least-Squares Method Based on Duo Nodal Supports (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-24
    Description: The meshless Shepard and least-squares (MSLS) interpolation is a newly developed partition of unity- (PU-) based method which removes the difficulties with many other meshless methods such as the lack of the Kronecker delta property. The MSLS interpolation is efficient to compute and retain compatibility for any basis function used. In this paper, we extend the MSLS interpolation to the local Petrov-Galerkin weak form and adopt the duo nodal support domain. In the new formulation, there is no need for employing singular weight functions as is required in the original MSLS and also no need for background mesh for integration. Numerical examples demonstrate the effectiveness and robustness of the present method.
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    Optimization of Joint Power and Bandwidth Allocation in Multi-Spot-Beam Satellite Communication Systems (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-12
    Description: Multi-spot-beam technique has been widely applied in modern satellite communication systems. However, the satellite power and bandwidth resources in a multi-spot-beam satellite communication system are scarce and expensive; it is urgent to utilize the resources efficiently. To this end, dynamically allocating the power and bandwidth is an available way. This paper initially formulates the problem of resource joint allocation as a convex optimization problem, taking into account a compromise between the maximum total system capacity and the fairness among the spot beams. A joint bandwidth and power allocation iterative algorithm based on duality theory is then proposed to obtain the optimal solution of this optimization problem. Compared with the existing separate bandwidth or power optimal allocation algorithms, it is shown that the joint allocation algorithm improves both the total system capacity and the fairness among spot beams. Moreover, it is easy to be implemented in practice, as the computational complexity of the proposed algorithm is linear with the number of spot beams.
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    A Method of Data Recovery Based on Compressive Sensing in Wireless Structural Health Monitoring (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-12
    Description: In practical structural health monitoring (SHM) process based on wireless sensor network (WSN), data loss often occurs during the data transmission between sensor nodes and the base station, which will affect the structural data analysis and subsequent decision making. In this paper, a method of recovering lost data in WSN based on compressive sensing (CS) is proposed. Compared with the existing methods, it is a simple and stable data recovery method and can obtain lower recovery data error for one-dimensional SHM’s data loss. First, response signal is measured onto the measurement data vector through inner products with random vectors. Note that is the linear projection of and is permitted to be lost in part during the transmission. Next, when the base station receives the incomplete data, the response signal can be reconstructed from the data vector using the CS method. Finally, the test of active structural damage identification on LF-21M aviation antirust aluminum plate is proposed. The response signal gathered from the aluminum plate is used to verify the data recovery ability of the proposed method.
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    Effects of Empty Sites on Cooperation in the Prisoner’s Dilemma Game Based on Social Diversity (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-15
    Description: We study the effects of empty sites in the prisoner’s dilemma game based on social diversity by introducing some empty sites into a square lattice. The results reveal that the empty sites dramatically enhance the cooperation level for a wide range of temptation to defection values if two types of players coexist. By calculating the chances of different type-combinations of the players located on the square lattice, we find that there is an intermediate region where five social ranks are induced to satisfy the certain rank distributions and the cooperation level is significantly enhanced. Moreover, simulation results also show that the moderate gaps among the social ranks can favor cooperation for a larger occupation density.
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    Polynomial Solutions to the Matrix Equation (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: Solutions are constructed for the Kalman-Yakubovich-transpose equation . The solutions are stated as a polynomial of parameters of the matrix equation. One of the polynomial solutions is expressed by the symmetric operator matrix, controllability matrix, and observability matrix. Moreover, the explicit solution is proposed when the Kalman-Yakubovich-transpose matrix equation has a unique solution. The provided approach does not require the coefficient matrices to be in canonical form. In addition, the numerical example is given to illustrate the effectiveness of the derived method. Some applications in control theory are discussed at the end of this paper.
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    Investors’ Risk Preference Characteristics and Conditional Skewness (2014)
    Hindawi
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    Publication Date: 2014-01-17
    Description: Perspective on behavioral finance, we take a new look at the characteristics of investors’ risk preference, building the D-GARCH-M model, DR-GARCH-M model, and GARCHC-M model to investigate their changes with states of gain and loss and values of return together with other time-varying characteristics of investors’ risk preference. Based on a full description of risk preference characteristic, we develop a GARCHCS-M model to study its effect on the return skewness. The top ten market value stock composite indexes from Global Stock Exchange in 2012 are adopted to make the empirical analysis. The results show that investors are risk aversion when they gain and risk seeking when they lose, which effectively explains the inconsistent risk-return relationship. Moreover, the degree of risk aversion rises with the increasing gain and that of risk seeking improves with the increasing losses. Meanwhile, we find that investors’ inherent risk preference in most countries displays risk seeking, and their current risk preference is influenced by last period’s risk preference and disturbances. At last, investors’ risk preferences affect the conditional skewness; specifically, their risk aversion makes return skewness reduce, while risk seeking makes the skewness increase.
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