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  • Articles  (7)
  • fire tests  (7)
  • 2010-2014
  • 2005-2009
  • 1990-1994  (1)
  • 1985-1989  (6)
  • 1950-1954
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (7)
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Estimated impact of the center for fire research program on the costs of fire (1991)
    Springer
    Fire technology 27 (1991), S. 346-349 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Building codes ; building design ; costs ; economic factors ; fire detection ; fire losses ; fire models ; fire research ; fire suppression ; fire tests ; toxicity
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract The following information is extracted from the June 1991 National Institute of Standards and Technology contractor's report number NIST-GCR-91-591. The full eighty-two-page report is available from the National Technical Information Service (NTIS), Springfield, VA 22161 USA.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01039886
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Predicting protected steel member fire endurance using spread-sheet programs (1989)
    Springer
    Fire technology 25 (1989), S. 256-273 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: fire endurance ; protected steel members ; protected steel columns ; heat transfer ; thermal insulation ; thermal properties ; fire tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract The simple method of computing the time-temperature response of protected steel members that has been recommended by the European Convention for Constructional Steelwork (ECCS) is presented in this paper. The method is a one-dimensional heat flow approach that explicitly accounts for the thickness and thermal properties of the insulation as well as the area and perimeter of the steel section. Two different cases are recognized. In the simpler, the heat required to increase the temperature of the insulation is small and can be ignored. This will be the case for sprayed mineral fiber fire protection. In other cases, a large amount of heat is absorbed by the insulation and it must explicitly be taken into account. This will be true for gypsum plaster, concrete, or masonry fire protection. A time-step approach is used, in which thermal equilibrium is considered during each of several short time intervals. This leads to repetitive calculations in a format ideally suited to use in a spreadsheet program in a microcomputer. The time-temperature course of the fire is explicitly taken into account, and the fire may follow the ASTM E-119 curve or any other curve. Three examples are presented, and comparisons of measured and computed fire endurances are made, with reasonably good agreement found.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01039782
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protection of aluminum overcast constructions against fire (1988)
    Springer
    Fire technology 24 (1988), S. 227-244 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Aluminum ; fire resistance ; coatings ; tray fire ; fire tests
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract A test program was undertaken by the U. S. Mine Safety and Health Administration to evaluate various materials for protecting aluminum overcast constructions against fire. Selected coatings and one covering were tested under large-scale, simulated mine fire conditions to determine their effectiveness as a fire barrier for protection of aluminum. Coatings consisting of expanded vermiculite, limestone, and portland cement; mineral wool fibers in hydraulic setting, inorganic binders; cellulose mixed with liquid sodium silicate; and a fiberglass-reinforced surfacebonding mortar were particularly effective in protecting the aluminum structures against the heat of the simulated mine fire. Three inches of a ceramic-fiber blanket and a four-inch coating of phenolic spray foam also proved to be relatively effective barriers for fire protection under the conditions of the test.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01038179
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Wood heating safety research: An update (1987)
    Springer
    Fire technology 23 (1987), S. 292-312 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Chimneys ; creosote ; fireplaces ; fire safety ; fire tests ; flues ; heating equipment ; stoves ; wood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract The Center for Fire Research at the National Bureau of Standards has been involved in research related to wood heating safety for more than seven years. Areas of interest have included: typical operating conditions of modern heating appliances, intensity and duration of chimney fires in factory-built and masonry chimneys, clearance reduction systems for protection of combustible walls and ceilings, and wall pass-through systems for connection of appliances to chimneys through combustible walls. This paper presents a review of research at NBS and elsewhere related to wood heating safety and provides an assessment of the impact of the research on the fire safe use of wood heating appliances. Extensive references of research related to solid fuel heating safety are included.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01040586
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Chimney fires: Intensity and duration (1986)
    Springer
    Fire technology 22 (1986), S. 234-252 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Chimneys ; creosote ; fire safety ; fire tests ; flues ; heating equipment ; stoves ; wood
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract A series of tests was conducted in five instrumented chimneys to study the intensity and duration of chimney fires due to the ignition and burning of combustible deposits accumulated on chimney linings over a prolonged period of time. These tests were conducted: (1) to establish typical conditions including temperatures in the chimneys and on combustible surfaces nearby, and (2) to determine the duration of the burnout as evidenced by elevated temperatures within the chimney. The results of these tests point out some areas where the codes and standards covering residential wood heating appliances should be updated to better protect against failure due to chimney fires.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01043126
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Larger specimens for determining rate of heat release in the cone calorimeter (1986)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 10 (1986), S. 151-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: building materials ; fire tests ; heat release rate ; ignition ; oxygen consumption ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: A larger cone heater for the cone calorimeter has been developed in order to measure the rate of heat release from building materials. The aim was to facilitate the testing of inhomogeneous materials and to minimize edge effects. Specimens of two different sizes, 100 × 100mm and 200 × 200mm, were tested in the horizontal orientation. The maximum rate of heat release and the average rate of heat release during 1 min after ignition are generally higher for the larger specimens than for the smaller ones. The time to ignition is generally shorter for larger specimens. Results from tests with 13 different building materials, including wood-based materials, gypsum board, wall-coverings and plastics, are presented at different heat flux levels up to 75 kW m-2.
    Additional Material: 11 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810100310
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Toxic gas and smoke measurement with the British Fire Propagation test. I: Test conditions (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 9 (1985), S. 88-94 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: toxic gas ; smoke ; fire performance ; fire tests ; linings ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: No standard method has been developed for measureing the evolution of specific toxic gases from building lings when involved in fire. The British Fire Propagation test (BS 476 Part 6) operated in an instrumented room has been proposed for this purpose previously but has not found general acceptance. It is considered further in this report, which investigates the movement and measurement of smoke and specific fire gases under different conditions of room stirring and the effect of the latter on fire propagation indexes. Stiring has been found to have no statistically significant effect on fire propagation indexes provided that the effects of this on calibration of the apparatus are taken into account. Stirring also had little effect upon smoke production per se. Under unstire conditions smoke and toxic gases stratify in the same layer early in the test, and measurement of their production at any single room location will be subject to the location, the way the room influences stratification and how the room is instrumentee, as well as by the prpduct performance. Under stirred room conditions smoke and toxic gases are evenly distributed and product performance can be assessed more simply from concurrent measurements of fire, smoke and toxic gas parameters. The latter procedure is proposed for obtaining relative data on building linings and for examination in further studies for correlation to room and corridor burns.
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810090206
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