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  • FID-GEO-DE-7
  • Geoelektrik
  • agriculture
  • ddc:330
  • ddc:650
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  • 1
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    Transformation regionaler Infrastrukturen für einen sozial-ökologischen Strukturwandel : konzeptionelle Ansätze des Strukturwandels und Herausforderungen für sozial-ökologische Transformationen in den drei Braunkohlerevieren ; Teilbericht (2024)
    Dessau-Roßlau : Umweltbundesamt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: report , doc-type:report
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  • 2
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    Klimaneutral - geht das auch anders? : Der Contribution Claim als Strategie zur Erreichung globaler Klimaschutz- und Nachhaltigkeitsziele (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-02-09
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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  • 3
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    Reaching net-zero in the chemical industry : a study of roadmaps for industrial decarbonisation (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Striving to mitigate climate change, the European Union has adopted net-zero greenhouse gas emissions as a target for 2050. In this paper, European chemical industry roadmaps from the past six years are assessed and compared to uncover how the industry envisions its role in the transition to net-zero emissions. The roadmaps are assessed in terms of ambition level, technology and feedstock strategies, investment needs and costs, agency and dependency on other actors, as well as timeline and concretion. Although net-zero pathways are often drawn out in the roadmaps, some also choose to emphasize and argue for less ambitious pathways with emission reductions of only 40-60 %. The roadmaps vary widely in terms of the importance they assign to mechanical and chemical recycling, switching to biogenic carbon and carbon dioxide as feedstock, electrification and hydrogen, and carbon capture and storage. A commonality though, is that low-tech or near-term mitigation pathways such as demand reduction, reuse or material efficiency are seldom included. High investment needs are generally highlighted, as well as the need for policy to create enabling conditions, whereas the agency and responsibility of the chemical industry itself is downplayed. Our analysis highlights that the chemical industry does not yet have a strong and shared vision for pathways to net-zero emissions. We conclude that such a future vision would benefit from taking a whole value chain approach including demand-side options and consideration of scope 3 emissions.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Avoid, shift or improve passenger transport? : Impacts on the energy system (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Demand-side mitigation strategies have been gaining momentum in climate change mitigation research. Still, the impact of different approaches in passenger transport, one of the largest energy demand sectors, remains unclear. We couple a transport simulation model to an energy system optimisation model, both highly disintegrated in order to compare those impacts. Our scenarios are created for the case of Germany in an interdisciplinary, qualitative-quantitative research design, going beyond techno-economic assumptions, and cover Avoid, Shift, and Improve strategies, as well as their combination. The results show that sufficiency - Avoid and Shift strategies - have the same impact as the improvement of propulsion technologies (i.e. efficiency), which is reduction of generation capacities by one quarter. This lowers energy system transformation cost accordingly, but requires different kinds of investments: Sufficiency measures require public investment for high-quality public services, while efficiency measures require individuals to purchase more expensive vehicles at their own cost. These results raise socio-political questions of system design and well-being. However, all strategies are required to unleash the full potential of climate change mitigation.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: article , doc-type:article
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  • 5
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    Minderungsansätze in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft (2024)
    Berlin : Springer Spektrum
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die schnelle und umfassende Emissionsminderung in der Energie- und Kreislaufwirtschaft ist der Schlüssel für die Begrenzung der Erderwärmung auf unter 2 °C. In Deutschland werden entsprechende Politiken seit den 1990er-Jahren verfolgt, allerdings erst in jüngster Vergangenheit mit dem notwendigen Nachdruck und der notwendigen Orientierung hin zu mehr Marktmechanismen. Wesentliche Handlungsfelder sind Energieeinsparung und erhöhte Energieeffizienz, Umstieg auf erneuerbare Energien, Bepreisung von Klimagasen sowie eine Reduzierung und Schließung der Stoffkreisläufe. In allen Handlungsfeldern sind Grundlagen geschaffen, es bleibt jedoch der Großteil des Weges noch zu gehen, um Klimaneutralität zu erreichen. Für einen schnellen Fortschritt spielen neben der Überwindung der technischen, ökonomischen und organisatorischen Herausforderungen auch Verteilungsfragen und die Einbettung in internationale Maßnahmen eine zunehmende Rolle.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 6
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    Fragliche Wirtschaftlichkeit kommunaler H2-Verteilnetze zu Heizzwecken : die Rolle der Bedarfs-Festschreibung für die Sicherung ihrer Finanzierung (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Deutschlands Haushalte werden, zu Beheizungszwecken, zu 70 % leitungsgebunden versorgt: 50 % mit Erdgas und 14 % mit Fernwärme; 5 % mit Elektrizität, davon je die Hälfte noch mit Nachtspeicherheizung, die andere Hälfte mit Wärmepumpen. So war es 2021. So wird es in Zukunft nicht sein, denn Erdgas ist ein Energieträger fossiler Herkunft. Dessen Nutzung geht in den nächsten beiden Jahrzehnten gen Null. Die Frage ist, was das für die Erdgasleitungen in Deutschland bedeutet.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 7
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    Structural analysis of petrochemical clusters in Germany : what can be learned for the transformation towards climate-neutrality? (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: The petrochemical industry is among the most relevant sectors from an economic, energetic and climate policy perspective. In Western Europe, production occurs in local chemical parks that form strongly connected and densely integrated regional clusters. This paper analyzes the structural characteristics of the petrochemical system in Germany and investigates three particularly distinct clusters regarding their challenges and chances for a transition towards climate-neutrality. For this, feedstock and energy supply, product portfolios and process integration as well as existing transformation activities are examined. We find that depending on their distinct network characteristics and location, unique and complex strategies are to be mastered for every cluster. Despite the many activities underway, none of them seems to have a strategic network to co-create a tailored defossilization strategy for the cluster - which is the core recommendation of this paper to develop.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Managing energy consumption by adapted energy performance contracting modes in rural China (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-05-13
    Description: Energy performance contracting (EPC) as a market instrument has been effective in promoting energy efficiency worldwide, but it has encountered many insurmountable obstacles in rural energy management. In this study, based on the characteristics of energy management in rural areas, three EPC modes are designed and tested in 24,000 rural households. The test results show that two adapted EPC modes of local government involvement and energy payment directly from the national grid can effectively overcome the barriers encountered in the traditional EPC modes and work well under the economic and social environmental conditions in rural areas. The key to the adaptation of the traditional EPC modes is the introduction of the local government as the third party. Participation of the third party can effectively reduce and remove the barriers and risks and increase the mutual trust between the clients (households) and the energy service companies (ESCOs). Based on the testing results, this study suggests that governmental departments should formulate relevant EPC policies and technical guidelines within the rural context. This research recommends that farmers should not manage their energy services by themselves and it is suggested to out-contracting ESCOs by applying the modes developed and tested by this paper.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Towards a climate-neutral basic materials industry in North Rhine-Westphalia (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: North Rhine-Westphalia (NRW) is the industrial center of Germany and one of the most important industrial locations in Europe. It is a key location for the energy-intensive basic materials industry like the production of steel and non-ferrous metals, (petro)chemicals, cement and lime, bricks, glass and ceramics, and paper. Around 20 % of NRW's total greenhouse emissions derive from industrial processes. By 2045, industry must achieve climate-neutrality, which requires a massive transformation effort. Technologically, this needs large-scale utilization of green hydrogen, carbon management, consequent circular economy, and climate-neutral production of process heat. Furthermore, various adjustments to the policy framework are essential.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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  • 10
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    Logic model for environmental, social, and governance (ESG) impact pathways and assessments (2024)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-07
    Description: The goal of this dissertation is to facilitate the assessment of impacts from sustainable measures and projects with an emphasis on impact reporting for Green, Social or Sustainability Bonds in the Sustainable Finance market. It does so by providing analysts with the means to develop, depict, formulate, and assess a causal hypothesis between an intervention and its subsequent effects in an impact-chain, represented by desired environmental (E), social (S) or governance (G) changes. This is achieved by developing a methodology for so-called ESG Logic Models or ESG-LM, that combine heuristic Theories-of-Change with propositional logic and Bayesian Reasoning. Three research questions are investigated and responded to. Research Question 1 asks how such Theories-of-Change can be developed for any type of ESG-related issue and how the different process steps in a causal chain can be classified, hierarchised, and prioritised regarding their efficacy towards overarching sustainability goals and their plausibility. Research Question 2 studies (a) the means by which the analyst or any other interested third party might be warranted in believing the causal claims from an ESG-LM, and (b) how an ESG-LM can be improved if this credence is low. Research Question 3 then looks at the reporting of impacts themselves regarding indicator selection, indicator assessment and indicator quantification as well as the provision of information on the contributions and attributions by different actors. The dissertation draws on a variety of theories and adapts existing methods to achieve that. It operationalises concepts from empirical Sustainable Finance research and already existing impact assessment methodologies. It adapts scholarly and practitioner approaches for theory-based evaluation and applies a qualitative social science perspective towards theory-building and evaluation, while some of the assessment tools in the dissertation are grounded in Logic, Set Theory and Bayesian Epistemology. Examples for such tools include rules for the Attribution by actors, heuristics for the abduction of plausible outcome pathways, or a four-stage Argument and Decision-Tree to assess the credibility of ESG-LM claims (based on Bayes Theorem). My assessment of the entire methodology is positive overall, as it provides solutions to each of the three research areas. Limitations of the approach, and thus opportunities for further research, are the additional expertise and time required by analysts compared to the existing, and somewhat more pragmatic, solutions in the current market. However, this is outweighed in my opinion by the ability of the framework to strongly mitigate impact washing by actors in the financial markets as well as biases by analysts. Its overall methodology also provides opportunities for new research angles in the area of sustainability indicators and assessments.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
    Type: doctoralthesis , doc-type:doctoralThesis
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  • 11
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    Pilotierung von Infrastruktur zur Rücknahme von Mehrwegverpackungen : Handreichung zur Wirkungsmessung (2024)
    Hamburg : Mehrwegverband Deutschland
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-06-18
    Description: Der Mehrwegverband Deutschland e. V. ist gemeinsam mit dem Wuppertal Institut vom Umweltbundesamt beauftragt worden, die Grundlage für eine gemeinsame Wirkungsmessung der Mehrweg-Rückgabe-Piloten in Deutschland zu legen. Ziel war es, mit Initiator*innen und Beteiligten aus Pilotprojekten deren Ansätze zur Wirkungsmessung zu teilen, zu spiegeln, weiterzuentwickeln - und auf Praxistauglichkeit zu testen. Diese Handreichung gibt einen Überblick über die Projekte, definiert die Gestaltungsdimensionen, beschäftigt sich mit der Wirkungsmessung, zeigt die Ergebnisse auf und gibt erste Empfehlungen. Basis der Erarbeitung war eine Workshop-Reihe der Pilotprojekte in München/Haar, Mainz-Wiesbaden, Hamburg/Westfield, Berlin/Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg und München/Glockenbachviertel.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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  • 12
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    Novel Applications of Optical Sensors and Machine Learning in Agricultural Monitoring (2024)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 13
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    Trends in Terahertz Technology (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Terahertz (THz) science deals with the physics, technology, and application of the last unexplored region of the electromagnetic spectrum. The THz region (located between 0.1 and 10 THz) fosters a vast range of sensing for applications in different fields, such as astronomy, non-destructive characterization of materials, communications, defense and security, medicine, and more. This book contributes to three of the main research areas of THz science: THz time-domain spectroscopy, which is the backbone of materials analysis using THz radiation, the use of new 2D materials to develop future THz technology, and the interaction between THz radiation and biology. The contributors to this book are recognized specialists in the THz field.
    Keywords: spectroscopy ; graphene ; agriculture ; genetics ; laser ; 2d materials ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHK Electricity, electromagnetism and magnetism
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Agri-Food Wastes and Biomass Valorization (2024)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural practices, industrial manufacturing, and household consumption are just a few of the activities that contribute to the production of food waste biomass. Modern environmental theories, like the circular economy, are thought to be the impulse behind the implementation of zero-waste policies. The huge percentage of such residual biomass has significant potential to be used as a raw material to produce novel products and specialty feedstock through biorefining procedures, even though the high volume of waste originating from the food industry raises serious concerns regarding both economic and environmental aspects. Given that many plant parts that are rejected during fruit and vegetable processing (e.g., leaves, branches, peels, roots, stems, and seeds) carry a sizable load of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, the recovery of valuable secondary metabolites from waste plant tissues is an appealing prospect in this regard. This specific group of substances exhibits a wide range of chemical compositions with diverse biological characteristics and functions, including antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as chemoprotective effects against cancer and other degenerative diseases.
    Keywords: oyster shell waste ; washing method ; sodium chloride ; impurities ; particle size ; anaerobic digestion ; agricultural inputs ; biochemical methane potential ; biodegradability ; lignocellulosic biomasses ; manures ; agriculture ; agricultural waste management ; allelopathic effect ; invasive species ; phytoremediation ; rice straw ; rice bran ; rice husk ; agricultural waste ; valorization ; circular economy ; biomass ; bioeconomy ; kinetics ; lignocellulosic biomass ; mechanical pretreatment ; methane potential ; twin-screw extrusion ; fruit and vegetable ; biowaste ; synergies ; matchmaking ; platform ; industrial symbiosis ; waste management ; sustainability ; green building ; recycle ; food waste ; lightweight concrete ; lime concrete ; fruit shells ; coarse aggregate replacement ; sugarcane bagasse ; pentose liquor ; dark fermentation ; biohydrogen ; organic acids ; biorefinery ; fungi ; laccase ; microcosm ; homogenisation ; hemicellulose ; cellulose ; fibre ; conventional limestone ; waste brown eggshells ; polylactic acid ; mechanical properties ; bio-composite ; Aspergillus niger ; ellagitannins ; phenolic compounds ; punica granatum ; saccharomyces cerevisiae ; solid-state fermentation ; limonene ; alpha-pinene ; biotransformation ; terpene ; flavouring agent ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Case Studies of Breeding Strategies in Major Plant Species (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Conventional plant breeding has significantly improved crop yield, disease resistance, and adaptability to the environment; however, it is difficult to cultivate breakthrough new varieties using conventional breeding techniques. As such, new and novel breeding techniques are being developed. This book presents a comprehensive overview of plant breeding. It is organized into four sections on “Genetic Resources for Plant Breeding”, “Breeding Theory and Strategy”, “Breeding Practice and Cases”, and “The Perspective for Plant Breeding”.
    Keywords: soybean ; plant breeding ; tissue culture ; heavy metals ; agriculture ; medicinal plants ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production
    Language: English
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  • 16
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    Bioremediation for Global Environmental Conservation (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: The global environment has been rapidly deteriorating because of global warming, and a large population is facing severe water and food shortages. In addition to global warming, soil and groundwater contamination by heavy metals such as lead, arsenic, and chromium due to industrial development and excessive use of pesticides is also rapidly increasing. Remediation is necessary for replenishing drinking water and food, and remediation using microorganisms (bioremediation) and plants (phytoremediation) is one of the most feasible and economical methods. This book deals with strategies for efficient bioremediation and phytoremediation procedures. The authors discuss effective remediation technology, thus providing important information and new ideas for fighting the deterioration of our global environment.
    Keywords: microorganisms ; agriculture ; essential oils ; global warming ; soil ; biofuel ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment
    Language: English
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  • 17
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    Agricultural Value Chains (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book provides a comprehensive overview of the food chain and related issues, especially in lesser developed countries where supply chain problems and issues in the agribusiness sector are most dramatic. Each chapter provides the reader with an important perspective on the value chain either in local markets or in well-developed markets. The lessons learned from this book are pertinent to any aspect of the supply chain and to any country whether it be fully or lesser developed.
    Keywords: sustainability ; supply chain ; agriculture ; circular economy ; cassava ; wheat ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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  • 18
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    Sustainable Management of Natural Resources (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Natural resources are necessary for meeting simple human needs such as food, water, clothing, shelter, and air. They are part of humanity’s natural heritage or protected in nature reserves. Therefore, sustainable management of natural resources is crucial to ensure the stability of the ecosystem, prevent further damage to the environment, and avoid over-consumption of the resources. For the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) to be achieved, it is crucial that natural resources be protected from being destroyed or overused. In addition, proper care of these resources will help them sustain for a long period of time to meet the needs of future generations. The global community has become increasingly aware of the importance of sustainable natural resources management. As highlighted in this book, it can be achieved through multiple approaches of top-down, adaptive management, integrated natural resources management, and community-based resources management. This book discusses the theories, practices, and findings on effective natural resource management being practiced in many parts of the world.
    Keywords: climate change ; agriculture ; biodiversity ; food security ; sustainable agriculture ; ecosystem services ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Advances in Green Electronics Technologies in 2023 (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Green computing involves developing, designing, engineering, producing, using, and disposing of computing modules and devices to reduce environmental hazards and pollution. Green computing technologies are crucial for protecting the planet from environmental hazards and pollution. This book presents new subjects and innovations in green computing technologies and in green computing and electronics industries. Chapters address such topics as green wearable sensors, variable renewable energy, managing energy consumption using the Internet of Things (IoT) and big data, using forest waste to produce biofuel and biodiesel, green computing in ophthalmological practice, and much more.
    Keywords: agriculture ; renewable energy ; biodiversity ; energy ; big data ; iot ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQD Environmental monitoring
    Language: English
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  • 20
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    Climate Change (2024)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-07
    Description: Never has the reality of climate change and its ramifications been so obvious around the world. Humankind is currently living in times when the reality of global climate change is unequivocal. The recent Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change AR6 report further depicts the veracity of climate change by highlighting historically changing patterns of precipitation and temperature across the world, amidst heightened and varied levels of vulnerability around the world. This book is planned along the increasingly complex and daunting nature of climate change. The broad scope is intentional and aims at eliciting scholarship from across the globe and from varied areas of climate change research. Thus, as varied and broad as the intentions are, so too are the book’s contents. The thirteen peer-reviewed chapters are organized into four sections. Section 1 introduces the concept of climate change and other global perspectives and trends. Section 2 focuses on climate risk, resilience, and vulnerability. Section 3 explores varied perspectives on climate risks, sensitivity, and exposure with a focus on monitoring and assessment. Finally, Section 4 explores climate change adaptation and mitigation. The multidisciplinary nature of this book will appeal to a varied readership including governments, municipal authorities, and daily grassroots users of environmental resources.
    Keywords: sustainability ; agriculture ; remote sensing ; abiotic stress ; food security ; ecosystem ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution & threats to the environment::RNPG Climate change
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  • 21
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    Plastic Credits als Instrument zur Annäherung an eine Circular Economy : Einordnung der Nutzung des Marktmechanismus auf Abnehmerseite (2023)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-02
    Description: Die verheerenden Mengen an Abfall am Ende des Lebenszyklus von Produkten zu bewältigen, gilt als eine der größten Herausforderungen auf dem Weg zu einer Circular Economy. Die negativen Folgen, die sich aus dem Missmanagement von Kunststoffabfällen aufgrund fehlender oder nicht funktionierender Abfallwirtschaftsstrukturen in weiten Teilen der Erde ergeben, werden zunehmend deutlich. Bei der Circular Economy als elementarer Lösungsansatz sollen Stoffströme geschlossen und Produktlebenszyklen verlängert werden. Ein Instrument zur Annäherung an dieses Modell ist der Handel mit sogenannten Plastic Credits - ein Mittel, um den Ausbau regionaler Infrastrukturen für die Sammlung und das Recycling von Kunststoffabfällen zu finanzieren. Die Abnehmer von Plastic Credits sind die treibende Kraft hinter dem Mechanismus. Es ist weiterführende Forschung notwendig, insbesondere in Bezug auf die Frage, wie Unternehmen das Instrument der Plastic Credits nutzen und in ihre Gesamtstrategie integrieren. Diese Masterarbeit widmet sich der dabei vorgelagerten Frage: Existieren bestimmte Profile bei Unternehmen, die in Plastic Credits investieren, und lassen sich hierbei spezifische Cluster bilden? Im Rahmen der Beantwortung dieser Frage wurden Expert*innen-Interviews mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse nach Mayring ausgewertet. Dabei haben sich drei konkrete Unterfragen ergeben, die sich auf die Motivation, Branchenzugehörigkeit und räumliche Verortung der Abnehmer beziehen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich die Abnehmer von Plastic Credits bereits umfangreich mit der Kunststoffabfallproblematik und der damit verbundenen Auswirkung auf die Umwelt beschäftigen. Offen bleibt, inwiefern Maßnahmen zur Vermeidung von neuartigem Kunststoff, der Verbesserung der Recyclingfähigkeit der Produkte oder der Einsatz von Rezyklaten in der Herstellung dem Weg der Kompensation vorangestellt werden. In Bezug auf die Branchenzugehörigkeit legen die Ergebnisse nahe, dass vorrangig Unternehmen, die mit einem erschwerten Rezyklate-Einsatz konfrontiert sind, in Plastic Credits investieren. Welche Auswirkungen Maßnahmen wie die Entbürokratisierung der Zulassungsverfahren für neue Recyclingprozesse oder verpflichtende Anteile an recycelten Materialien in bestimmten Produkten auf die Investition in Plastic Credits haben, wird sich in Zukunft zeigen. Die Analyse der räumlichen Verortung gab Aufschluss darüber, dass zurzeit im Wesentlichen Unternehmen aus dem globalen Norden in Plastic Credits investieren - jedoch verbunden mit dem Ziel, eine Finanzierung aus den Projektländern heraus zu intensivieren.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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    Förderbanken im Wandel : Evolution zu nachhaltigen Transformationsbanken ; fünf Handlungsfelder für die Begleitung einer nachhaltigen Entwicklung (2023)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-02
    Description: Förderbanken vergeben in Deutschland jährlich mindestens 200 Milliarden Euro an Mitteln für Investitionen, die sonst nicht oder sehr viel später umgesetzt werden könnten. Sie arbeiten im öffentlichen Auftrag und richten ihre Tätigkeit an gesellschaftlichen Zielen aus. Diese Ziele haben sich weiterentwickelt. Angesichts von Klimawandel, Energiekrise und den Herausforderungen einer Kreislaufwirtschaft wollen sowohl die Länder als auch die Bundesregierung ihre Förderbanken umbauen. Gerade die Förderbanken der Länder müssen sich darum jetzt bereit machen für die "Weiterentwicklung von Förderbanken zu Transformationsbanken". Für die erfolgreiche Gestaltung dieses gesellschaftlichen Umbruchs brauchen sie Unterstützung. Wie dies gelingt, zeigt dieser Zukunftsimpuls.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Aus der Gaskrise zu einer anpassungsfähigen klimaneutralen Grundstoffindustrie : Strukturwandel und eine starke industrielle Basis im Bereich der Grundstoffe schließen sich nicht aus (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-03
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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    Die Vielen-Welten der Sustainable Finance : ein Gedankenexperiment zur Effektivität nachhaltiger Anlagen (2023)
    Berlin : Schmidt
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-03
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Warum kein Gas in der Fernwärmeversorgung? (2023)
    München : Siedler
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Energieversorgung im Zeichen von Energiewende und Klimawandel (2023)
    München : Siedler
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Interaktion digitaler und räumlicher Strukturen in der B2B-Kreislaufführung von Kunststoffen (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-21
    Description: Ob die Rückführung von industriellen und gewerblichen Sekundärkunststoffen, das heißt von Abfällen bzw. von bereits wiederaufbereiteten Kunststoffrezyklaten, gelingen kann, ist von mehreren Faktoren wie insbesondere den spezifischen Materialeigenschaften, den Mengen, in denen sie anfallen, den aktuellen Marktpreisen (auch gegenüber Neuware) und auch der räumlichen Nähe von Sortier- bzw. Wiederaufbereitungsinfrastruktur abhängig. Trotz eigentlich guter Voraussetzungen für ein werkstoffliches Recycling, gelangen einzelne in Unternehmen anfallende Abfallchargen häufig in eine thermische Verwertung, weil sich ein Recycling wirtschaftlich nicht lohnt. Grund hierfür ist unter anderem, dass der Informationsaustausch zu den oben genannten Faktoren für Unternehmen häufig noch sehr mangelhaft ist. Aktuell in Entwicklung befindliche digitale Plattformen und Applikationen sowie zugehörige Geschäfts- und Betreibermodelle, welche Kunststoffverarbeiter untereinander sowie Wertstofferzeuger und -verwerter vernetzen sollen, können künftig höhere Recyclingquoten ermöglichen und ökologische Einsparpotenziale heben. Der Artikel führt Entwicklungen und Ergebnisse aktueller Forschungsprojekte zu solchen Vernetzungen zusammen, zeigt die aktuelle Situation des werkstofflichen Recyclings von industriellen und gewerblichen Kunststoffabfällen auf und beleuchtet welche Voraussetzungen für eine erfolgreiche Kreislaufführung von industriellen Kunststoffen gegeben sein müssen. Es wird insbesondere analysiert, in welcher Weise digitale Technologien und die durch sie erzielbare Informationstransparenz eine verbesserte Kreislaufwirtschaft bewirken können und in welcher Weise dies Wertschöpfungsnetzwerke räumlich beeinflussen kann.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Co-creation process on circular economy monitoring : overview of interactive activities and outcomes ; reflections on the links to the Bellagio Principles (2023)
    Mol : European Topic Centre on Waste and Materials
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-05
    Description: The transition to a greener and more circular economy has been a European policy priority for several years. The Circular Economy Action Plan of 2020 underlines the ambition. The following EEA initiatives are meant to support the transition process: - Bellagio Process on circular economy monitoring principles (EPA network); - Enhancement of EEA indicators on circular economy (ETC/WMGE); - Explorative work on novel data streams (FWC); - Co-creation work - knowledge sharing of monitoring experience (ETC/Eionet). The scope of the present task was to report on the co-creation process that was undertaken at the end of 2020. The co-creation process was organised to identify: (i) best practices on monitoring strategies, data sources and target setting; and (ii) areas of circularity measuring and monitoring that remain challenging and require additional investment. The co-creation process partially built on the work done during the Bellagio Process/Initiative which was run in parallel. This ETC report presents and documents the evidence gathered throughout the co- creation process as well as providing a retrospective analysis of the links to the Bellagio Principles.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Wege aus der Sackgasse der Linearität : chemische Produktion als Kreislaufwirtschaft (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-24
    Description: In der Chemiebranche macht sich mittlerweile die Erkenntnis breit, dass sie zukünftig geschlossene Stoffkreisläufe brauchen wird, wenn sie weiter Gewinne machen will. Doch der Weg dahin ist noch ziemlich weit. Deshalb wird es ohne langfristig angelegte und klare gesetzgeberische Vorgaben nicht gehen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Stop guessing in the dark : identified requirements for digital product passport systems (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-15
    Description: The Digital Product Passport (DPP) is a concept for collecting and sharing product-related information along the life cycle of a product. DPPs are currently the subject of intense discussion, and various development efforts are being undertaken. These are supported by regulatory activities, especially in the case of the battery passport. The aggregation of product life-cycle data and their respective use, as well as the sharing of these data between companies, entrepreneurs, and other actors in the value chain, is crucial for the creation of a resource-efficient circular economy. Despite the urgent need for such a solution, there is currently little attention given to the digital infrastructure for the creation and handling of the DPPs (i.e., the so-called DPP system). Moreover, there is so far no common understanding of what the requirements for a DPP system are. This is the background and underlying motivation of our paper: we identify the requirements for a DPP system in a structured way, i.e., based on stakeholder involvement and current literature from science and industry. In addition, we compose, categorize, and critically analyze the results, i.e., the list of requirements for DPP systems, in order to identify gaps. Summarized, our research provides insights into the criteria to be considered in the creation of an actual DPP system.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Perspectives on an effective design of industry tramsformation : an active systemic industrial policy for climate-neutral process industries in Europe ; commentary (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-02
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: English
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    Agilität im unternehmerischen Innovationsprozess fördern : eine Kompetenzplattform für kleine und mittelständische Unternehmen (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-29
    Description: Fortschreitende Digitalisierung und zunehmende Internationalisierung von Märkten bergen Herausforderungen für Unternehmen mit traditionell geprägten Arbeits- und Fertigungsstrukturen. Um den steigenden Anforderungen gerecht zu werden, sollten in diesen Unternehmen die digitale Arbeitsfähigkeit und Kompetenzen für Agilität ausgebaut werden. Dieser Beitrag beschreibt die Konzeption einer digitalen Plattform zur Steigerung derartiger Kompetenzen in kleinen und mittelständischen Unternehmen (KMU). Die digitale Kompetenzplattform soll insbesondere produzierenden KMU strukturschwacher Regionen helfen, ihre Agilität zu steigern und so zur Innovations- und Zukunftsfähigkeit des Unternehmens beitragen.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Abfallvermeidung vor einem Pardigmenwechsel : von der Kür zur Pflicht (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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    Zero Waste zwischen Anspruch und Umsetzung (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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    Circular Economy - Leitbild und Vision : Bericht zum Forschungsmodul E2 im Forschungsprojekt "Umsetzungserfahrungen mit Landesnachhaltigkeitsstrategien - Fallstudie Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie NRW" (2023)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Description: Die Transformation der bisher linearen Strukturen von Produktion und Konsum ("take-make-dispose") hin zu einer Circular Economy (CE) - im Sinne einer weiterentwickelten Kreislaufwirtschaft - gilt als zentrales Konzept zur Steigerung der Ressourceneffizienz und Kreislaufführung von Materialien und Produkten, zur Stärkung der Wettbewerbsfähigkeit der einheimischen Industrie sowie zur Schaffung neuer Arbeitsplatzpotenziale. Ziel dieses Forschungsmoduls ist es, die bisherige Umsetzung dieses Konzepts im Rahmen der Nachhaltigkeitsstrategie NRW zu analysieren und durch geeignete Impulse zu begleiten. Durch die Entwicklung eines Leitbilds für eine nachhaltige Circular Economy und zu seiner Messung geeigneter Indikatoren soll das noch an vielen Stellen unscharfe Konzept präzisiert und insbesondere an die spezifischen Ausgangsbedingungen und Herausforderungen von Nordrhein-Westfalen angepasst werden. Dazu sollen Bausteine für ein mittel- und langfristiges Leitbild (2030) entworfen werden, das einen konsistenten Entwicklungspfad für diesen komplexen Transformationsprozess beschreiben soll. Die bestehenden stark abfallwirtschaftlich geprägten Indikatoren zum Thema Kreislaufwirtschaft sollen durch Vorschläge für zusätzliche Indikatoren zur Nachhaltigkeit im Rahmen der Kreislaufwirtschaft (Circular Economy, CE) ergänzt werden.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Injecting climate finance into SME lending in Germany : opportunities for and limitations of regional savings and cooperative banks (2023)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-22
    Description: Although small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) contribute considerably to Germany's carbon emissions, regional savings and cooperative banks - SMEs' most important financiers - hardly consider this aspect in lending to these businesses. However, given Germany's commitment to climate neutrality by 2045, suitable approaches for injecting climate finance into these SME lending processes are greatly required. Against this background, the paper at hand aims to introduce the specific case of regional banks into the debate on green finance and green banking and suggest future research in this context. In discussing the state of research on the peculiarities of regional savings and cooperative banks, we outline the resulting opportunities and limitations for climate impact assessments in SME lending. We argue that while the dual bottom-line orientation of regional banks in Germany precludes them from applying simple positive or negative screenings, their in-depth knowledge about local clients and circumstances enables them to be active and engaging partners for the green transformation of SMEs. Nonetheless, we explain why developing solutions to utilise this knowledge for climate finance by integrating climate impact assessments into routine lending processes remains a particularly challenging task.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
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    Extended Producer Responsibility (EPR) in der Matratzenindustrie : Evaluierung verschiedener EPR-Modelle für Deutschland hinsichtlich ihrer Umsetzbarkeit und Effektivität zur Kreislaufschließung (2023)
    Wuppertal : Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In Deutschland werden jährlich über sieben Millionen gebrauchte Matratzen entsorgt, die überwiegend verbrannt und nur zu einem Bruchteil recycelt werden. Dieser lineare Ansatz belastet die Ressourcen, erhöht die Emissionen und birgt Umweltrisiken. Um diesen Herausforderungen zu begegnen, kann die erweiterte Herstellerverantwortung (Extended Producer Responsibility, EPR) als Instrument zur Umsetzung einer Kreislaufwirtschaft dienen. In dieser Masterarbeit wird daher untersucht, wie ein EPR-System für Matratzen in Deutschland gestaltet sein sollte, um Kreisläufe effizient zu schließen. Gleichzeitig zielt diese Thesis darauf ab, die damit verbundenen Anforderungen und Herausforderungen bei der Umsetzung eines solchen Systems zu identifizieren. Zur Beantwortung der Forschungsfragen wurden mithilfe von Expert*innen-Interviews und einer umfassenden Literaturrecherche drei EPR-Modelle entwickelt und anhand von ausgewählten Kriterien bewertet. Die Ergebnisse der Bewertung ergaben, dass ein Modell präferiert werden sollte, in dem eine sogenannte Producer Responsibility Organisation (PRO) gebündelt die Verantwortung der Hersteller übernimmt. Ein solches System würde unter anderem eine angemessene Kontrolle ermöglichen und Anreize für Forschung und Entwicklung im Bereich der Recyclingtechnologien und des zirkulären Designs der Matratzen schaffen. Obwohl die Datenlage über Altmatratzen und deren Verwertung in Deutschland derzeit noch begrenzt sind und die hier präsentierten Ergebnisse von der gewählten Methodik abhängen, dient diese Masterarbeit als erste Grundlage für die weitere Entwicklung eines EPR-Systems für Matratzen in Deutschland.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: masterthesis , doc-type:masterThesis
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    BODIUM—A systemic approach to model the dynamics of soil functions (2023)
    Blackwell Publishing Ltd | Oxford, UK
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-26
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The increasing demand for biomass for food, animal feed, fibre and bioenergy requires optimization of soil productivity, while at the same time, protecting other soil functions such as nutrient cycling and buffering, carbon storage, habitat for biological activity and water filter and storage. Therefore, one of the main challenges for sustainable agriculture is to produce high yields while maintaining all the other soil functions. Mechanistic simulation models are an essential tool to fully understand and predict the complex interactions between physical, biological and chemical processes of soils that generate those functions. We developed a soil model to simulate the impact of various agricultural management options and climate change on soil functions by integrating the relevant processes mechanistically and in a systemic way. As a special feature, we include the dynamics of soil structure induced by tillage and biological activity, which is especially relevant in arable soils. The model operates on a 1D soil profile consisting of a number of discrete layers with dynamic thickness. We demonstrate the model performance by simulating crop growth, root growth, nutrient and water uptake, nitrogen cycling, soil organic matter turnover, microbial activity, water distribution and soil structure dynamics in a long‐term field experiment including different crops and different types and levels of fertilization. The model is able to capture essential features that are measured regularly including crop yield, soil organic carbon, and soil nitrogen. In this way, the plausibility of the implemented processes and their interactions is confirmed. Furthermore, we present the results of explorative simulations comparing scenarios with and without tillage events to analyse the effect of soil structure on soil functions. Since the model is process‐based, we are confident that the model can also be used to predict quantities that have not been measured or to estimate the effect of management measures and climate states not yet been observed. The model thus has the potential to predict the site‐specific impact of management decisions on soil functions, which is of great importance for the development of a sustainable agriculture that is currently also on the agenda of the ‘Green Deal’ at the European level.〈/p〉
    Description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Description: https://git.ufz.de/bodium/bodium_v1.0
    Keywords: ddc:631.4 ; agriculture ; computational model ; simulation ; soil microbiology ; soil structure ; sustainable soil
    Language: English
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    Decision Support Tools for Water Quality Management (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The sustainability of water resources worldwide is increasingly imperiled as climate change contributes to the human-induced problems of water supply scarcity and maldistribution. Environmental problems associated with water quality, such as aquifer depletion, land subsidence, the seasonal drying of river flows, waterlogging, the salinization of rivers and groundwater, and human health problems from the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides will require a radical re-thinking of resource-management policy and new tools to help analysts and regulators craft novel solutions. Over the past several decades, with the advent and rapid progress of computational technology, watershed models have increasingly become important and effective tools for tackling a wide range of water resource and environmental management issues and for supporting regulatory compliance. Statistical and machine-learning methods are being used to support and even supplant more traditional simulation models to improve the estimation of the temporal dynamics and patterns of variability in pollutant concentrations and loads. With the advancements in modeling approaches for water quality, there have also been developments in decision-support tools for water quality management. This reprint describes innovative decision-support approaches from around the world and across sectors that can be applied by stakeholders, government entities, and regulators to reduce environmental pollution and result in cost-effective and sustainable water management strategies.
    Keywords: tree-ring ; flow reconstruction ; pre-development ; estuarine salinity ; salinity intrusion ; water quality forecasting ; decision support ; WARMF ; regression model ; salinity ; irrigated agriculture ; stakeholder involvement ; stream water quality ; CART ; ID3 ; random forest ; bagging ; boosting ; extremely random trees ; Gradient Boosting ; land use factor ; Decision Support System ; water quality forecast ; MLP neural network ; Daubechies 5 wavelet ; long short-term memory network ; hybrid model ; decomposition-and-ensemble ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; EDSS ; SaaS ; irrigation ; agriculture ; policy ; water ; economics ; model ; conservation practices ; decision making ; nutrients ; sediment ; targeting ; water quality ; chemical footprint ; emerging contaminants ; endocrine-disrupting compounds ; footprint calculator ; personal care products ; remote sensing ; geographical information systems ; watershed management ; ambient monitoring ; data collection ; San Joaquin River ; decision support system ; assimilative capacity ; real-time management economics ; drinking water quality ; operational decision-making ; real-time monitoring ; Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQK Pollution control
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    Human-Robot Interaction (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The book Human-Robot Interaction - Perspectives and Applications highlights the latest developments and obstacles in the field of human-machine interaction, including collaborative and humanoid robots, symbiosis between humans and robots, human-human collaboration, and robotics. Human-robot interaction has immense potential in areas like healthcare, education, manufacturing, military, and space exploration. This volume consists of several chapters that explore various topics such as the use of robotic wheelchairs, deep neural networks for robot grasp recognition, materials and sensors required for human-robot interaction, the use of drone technology in agriculture, healthcare robots in smart hospitals, and more.
    Keywords: agriculture ; artificial neural network ; sensor ; electrodes ; smart cities ; crop productivity ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science::UYZ Human–computer interaction
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    ALOS-2/PALSAR-2 Calibration, Validation, Science and Applications (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Twelve edited original papers on the latest and state-of-art results of topics ranging from calibration, validation, and science to a wide range of applications using ALOS-2/PALSAR-2. We hope you will find them useful for your future research.
    Keywords: Sentinel-1 ; ALOS/PALSAR-2 ; land subsidence ; accuracy assessment ; Alexandria City ; Egypt ; local climate zone ; random forest ; feature importance ; land surface temperature ; grid cells ; Sentinel-2 ; PALSAR-2 ; ASTER ; soil moisture ; ALOS-2 ; GA-BP ; water cloud model ; L-band ; SAR ; backscattering ; soil moisture content ; LAI ; HH and HV polarization ; flood ; NoBADI ; Florida ; Hurricane Irma ; synthetic aperture radar ; polarimetric radar ; co-polarized phase difference ; radar scattering ; vegetation ; radar applications ; agriculture ; leaf area index ; leave-one-out cross-validation ; oil palm ; radar vegetation index ; vegetation descriptors ; ecosystem carbon cycle ; L-band SAR ; vegetation index ; random forest regression ; plantation ; permafrost ; InSAR ; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ; ALOS ; thermal melting collapse ; Sentinel-1A ; SBAS-InSAR ; heavy forest area ; potential landslide identification ; SAR-based landslide detection ; Growing Split-Based Approach (GSBA) ; Hokkaido landslide ; Putanpunas landslide ; SAR polarimetry ; model-free 3-component decomposition for full polarimetric data (MF3CF) ; radar polarimetry ; calibration ; Faraday rotation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    Impacts des produits phytopharmaceutiques sur la biodiversité et les services écosystémiques (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: As part of the Ecophyto II+ plan, INRAE and Ifremer were entrusted in 2020 with the task of conducting a collective scientific assessment on the impacts of plant protection products on biodiversity and ecosystem services. The results, released in May 2022, confirm that all types of terrestrial and aquatic environments, all of their compartments and most of the organisms found there are contaminated by plant protection products. Contamination varies according to the distance from the areas where the products are used, mainly in agriculture. It has direct and indirect impacts on ecosystems, in particular the decline of terrestrial and aquatic invertebrate and bird populations, as well as the alteration of ecosystem functions and services. Different levers contribute to mitigating contamination and its impacts, with varying effectiveness depending on their combination (regulations, conditions of use of products, etc.). This expertise identifies research needs, in particular to better understand dynamic phenomena in a context of multiple pressures on the environment. The aim is to characterise and predict the impacts and to improve the procedures for assessing the risks associated with the use of plant protection products. This book is intended for all actors and decision-makers concerned by the use of plant protection products, whether they are involved in the legal, political, industrial or associative fields, or in research or teaching.
    Keywords: agriculture ; agronomy ; watershed ; biodiversity ; contamination ; river ; sustainable development ; water ; seawater ; freshwater ; ecology ; ecosystem ; environment ; flora ; risk management ; herbicide ; plant protection ; animal pathology ; pesticide ; public policy ; pollution ; plant production ; toxicology ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNP Pollution and threats to the environment
    Language: French
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    Dairy Sector: Opportunities and Sustainability Challenges (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Achieving success along the entire production and supply chain of a dairy sector depends explicitly on adopting a sustainable 'state of the art' approach. In this regard, understanding key sustainability indicators and challenges with a holistic approach is vital. Appropriate design, application of novel technologies, implementation of life cycle analysis, upgradation and optimization of the entire production line are some of the key factors to be measured. In addition, it is vital that due consideration is given to demands of the producers, consumers, and dependent industries. Nevertheless, concern for the environment, social security and economy of the region should not be ignored. Precise planning ('on-farm' and 'off-farm') assumes importance especially when circular economy strategies needs to be considered. With these as background, this book is focused towards identifying present opportunities and overcoming future sustainability challenges in the global dairy sector.
    Keywords: dairy ; water ; review ; modelling ; water footprint ; agriculture ; feed additive ; methane mitigation ; enteric emissions ; greenhouse gas ; climate change ; LCA ; environmental impacts ; intensification ; technical efficiency ; four-component model ; endogeneity ; input distance function ; meta-frontier ; stochastic frontier analysis ; dairy processing industry ; European Union ; proanthocyanidins ; condensed tannins ; secondary plant metabolites ; methane ; ruminants ; farm ; organization ; governance ; adoption ; agroecology ; practices ; regulation ; Brazil ; ammonia emissions ; dairy cow ; flushing ; freestall barn ; scraping ; heat pump ; dairy farming ; water heater ; ASHP ; ASHPWH ; usable water ; emissions ; sustainability ; farm type ; sustainable management ; small-/medium-scale animal farms ; food science ; customer experience design ; food well-being ; food psychology ; hedonia ; eudaimonia ; meaningful consumption ; artisan products ; local food ; profit cows ; economic sustainability ; knowledge transfer ; production disease ; production disease economics ; emission factor ; enteric fermentation ; gross energy ; milking cows ; dairy industry ; supply chain management ; safety failure factors ; interpretive structural modeling ; MICMAC analysis ; agro-livestock sector ; GHG emissions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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    Environmental Exposure to Toxic Chemicals and Human Health (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: It was recently reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Human and industrial activities generate various forms of residual wastes and by-products in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Waste generation starts with simple processes such as living, eating, and breathing. Managing waste and minimizing associated environmental impacts have become more challenging as worldwide populations and economies continue to grow. Once these hazardous chemicals are present in the environment, people can become exposed to them. Human health can be influenced by many factors, including exposure to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants in the environment.This reprint comprises research papers related to the aspects of environmental exposure to multiple toxic chemicals and human health. The manuscripts are focused on toxicology, biomonitoring, exposure and risk assessment, and endocrine disruptors.
    Keywords: pesticide ; insecticide ; herbicide ; fungicide ; rheumatoid arthritis ; autoimmune disease ; n/a ; ovary ; endocrine disruptors ; follicular growth ; hormonal secretions ; gene expression ; bisphenols ; plasticiser ; ewe ; tetracyclines ; sulfonamides ; quinolones ; streptomycines ; meat ; antibiotics ; risk assessment ; air pollution ; endothelium ; inflammation ; cardiovascular disease ; ALS ; Alzheimer’s ; Aβ1–42 ; α synuclein ; children ; cerebrospinal fluid ; cisternal CSF ; fronto-temporal dementia ; Metropolitan Mexico City ; nanoparticles ; olfactory bulb granule cells ; PM2.5 ; Parkinson’s ; hyperphosphorylated tau ; TDP-43 ; cadmium ; crab ; crustaceans ; heavy metal toxicity ; nutrition ; pollution ; biomagnification ; biomonitoring ; benchmark dose ; BMDL ; BMDU ; creatinine clearance ; chronic kidney disease ; eGFR ; NOAEL ; urine cadmium ; plant protection products ; residential exposure ; agriculture ; Africa ; exposure pathway ; intake dose ; temporal variations ; spatial variations ; pollutants ; women exposure ; microRNAs ; PAHs ; paint production plant ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; inhalation exposure ; cancer risk ; non-cancer risk ; economic loss ; subway PM exposure ; health burden ; long-term mortality ; morbidity ; 3-PBA ; pyrethroid pesticides ; pregnancy ; newborn ; anthropometry ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
    Language: English
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    Feature Papers in Communications Section 2022 (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint collected a set of papers where our section Editorial Board Members discuss key topics that typify the very best insightful and influential original articles or reviews in the “Communications” field. We expect these papers to be widely read and highly influential within the field.
    Keywords: network security ; double defense ; zero trust ; situation awareness ; immunology ; blind modulation classification ; orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ; higher-order cumulant and cyclic cumulant ; maximum-likelihood ; maximum a posteriori ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; probability of correct classification ; testbed implementation ; drone ; UAV ; RF methods ; software-defined radio ; detection system ; defense system ; TSN ; Industry 4.0 ; smart distributed measurement systems ; IIoT ; IoT ; Ethernet ; Wi-Fi ; bit error rate ; fading channels ; Internet of things ; LoRa ; performance evaluation ; Named Data Networking ; information centric networking ; caching ; edge networks ; 6G ; IEEE 802.11be ; multilink operation ; channel access ; backoff ; coexistence ; Bluetooth ; wireless passive human sensing ; wireless sensor networks ; cyber-attacks ; intrusion-detection system ; MCDM ; q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets ; q-ROFWG ; 5G ; 5G-AKA ; authentication ; blockchain ; BAN logic ; Scyther ; radio channel ; path loss ; signal strength ; receivers ; transmitters ; wireless communication ; computational modeling ; path planning ; electromagnetic propagation ; loss measurement ; propagation loss ; reconfigurable antenna ; metasurface ; varactor diode ; beam-scanning ; high gain ; actor–critic learning ; energy-efficiency ; O-RAN ; RAN optimization ; low power wide-area networks ; large-scale LoRa networks ; single-channel LoRa gateways ; multi-objective ; quantum computing ; quantum optimization algorithms ; quantum routing optimization ; 6G communication networks ; SNR estimation ; optical wireless communications ; intensity modulation ; digital signature ; elliptic curve cryptography ; key exchange ; platoons ; Sybil attack ; 3D indoor localization ; location-based services ; Internet of Things ; computer vision ; biomedical imaging ; biometrics ; remote sensing ; cybersecurity ; natural language processing ; audio and speech processing ; control system and robotics ; information system ; food ; agriculture ; chemistry ; characteristic mode ; parasitic loading ; slit loading ; low-profile ; wearable antenna ; platoon ; traffic congestion ; collision avoidance ; CACC ; merge maneuver ; join maneuver ; lane change ; clustering ; information element ; MAC de-randomization ; OPTICS ; probe request ; WiFi-enabled device detection ; wireless sensing device ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    Le foncier rural dans les pays du Sud (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: In the South, access to land and its resources, its control and its uses are crucial issues. At the heart of the challenges of state-building, agricultural development, food security and environmental sustainability, land is also a marker of identity and a recurrent source of conflict. Over the past twenty years, a great deal of research has renewed knowledge on these issues. In a processual and multidisciplinary approach, this book offers an overview of rural land dynamics in the South. Based on a very rich international bibliography, it deals with the main themes related to land issues: from local practices and dynamics (evolution of land rights, land markets, conflicts, etc.) to public policies (agrarian reforms, programmes for the formalisation of land rights), including issues of method and land expertise. Each chapter proposes a critical dialogue between the questions, the categories of analysis and the results of the research. This book is a unique reference tool for students, researchers and development practitioners who wish to deepen their understanding of land tenure dynamics in contemporary rural areas.
    Keywords: Africa ; agriculture ; land use ; Latin America ; Asia ; economic development ; environment ; land ; geography ; market ; public policy ; food security ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPV Political control and freedoms::JPVH Human rights, civil rights ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management::RNFF Food security and supply
    Language: French
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    Trends and Challenges in Robotic Applications (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Research performed on robotic applications has significantly expanded in the last decade, and currently, robotic systems are being utilized for many purposes. To achieve this generalized application of robots, researchers have endeavoured to study a wide variety of methods and algorithms in order to properly employ robotic systems in many real-life scenarios. At present, many types of robotic platforms are being employed in various applications, e.g., dual-arm robots, parallel robots, mobile robots, humanoid robots, aerial robots, underwater robots, and micro/nano robots. Moreover, some theoretical tools are specially being used to obtain correct robot performance, e.g., machine learning, artificial intelligence, multi-agent systems, and control and planning theory. The purpose of this reprint is to exhibit the current state of robotic applications. In particular, in addition to introducing novel theories and methods, this reprint is particularly focused on the application of robotic systems in real-life situations. Thus, the presentation of experimental results makes evident the feasibility and usefulness of robotic systems in practical cases. Obviously, this reprint does not intend to exhaustively demonstrate all the current existing robotic applications but rather give an overview of them, revealing the high level of activity in this area. This reprint contains an Editorial, together with 30 contributions in total from countries all around the world, addressing a broad range of robotic applications.
    Keywords: 6D pose estimation ; learning-based approach ; 2D-information-based approach ; 3D-information-based approach ; textureless and reflective objects ; foreground occlusion ; background clutter ; automated parking system ; fuzzy comprehension evaluation ; Floyd algorithm ; human-operated vehicle ; autonomous vehicle ; agriculture ; cooperative robots ; key technology ; control ; humanoid and bipedal locomotion ; legged robots ; passive walking ; foot placement estimation ; nonprehensile manipulation ; robotic batting ; high-speed object manipulation ; ball recognition ; trajectory estimation ; motion control ; weighted least square ; mobile robot ; formation ; motion coordination ; attitude observer ; trajectory tracking ; path tracking ; compliance control ; human–robot interaction ; sliding mode controller ; manual guidance ; path planning ; pure pursuit controller ; deep learning ; robot kidnapping detection ; autonomous navigation ; topological mapping ; field robotics ; mining automation ; robotic assembly ; deep neural networks ; peg-in-hole ; dual-arm ; human–robot collaboration ; assembly task ; user studies ; user preferences ; quality of task execution ; usability ; autonomous loading system ; manipulator motion planning ; manipulability ; stochastic planner ; robotics ; service robots ; healthcare robots ; robot-as-a-service ; smart cities ; AGV ; AMR ; industrial robots ; collaborative robots ; machine learning in robotics ; computer vision ; system identification ; flapping-wing micro air vehicle ; longitudinal mode ; model refinement ; gray box model ; onboard sensors ; robot calibration ; robot remastering ; calibration uncertainty ; part probing ; uncertainty reduction ; sensor feedback ; nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) ; nanorobots ; ion channel Kv10.1 ; mathematical modeling ; control algorithm ; pose estimation ; 3D reconstruction ; charuco cuboid ; pediatric stroke ; upper limb ; hand rehabilitation ; device ; Gloreha Sinfonia ; case report ; robot system ; augmented reality ; robot teleoperation ; face recognition ; face tracking ; face detection ; face alignment ; person identification ; intelligent robots ; interactive systems ; time-of-flight ; lidar ; field of view redirection ; passive redirection ; clean mirror ; dusted mirror ; prism ; robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery ; surgical robot ; da Vinci Research Kit ; IoT ; multiple object tracking ; MOT ; self-driving ; SLAM ; KITTI ; MOTChallenges ; MOT15 ; MOT16 ; MOT17 ; UA_DETRAC ; symmetry ; sit-to-stand ; elevation angle ; coordination ; backpropagation ; optimization methods ; inverse kinematics ; bipedal robot ; bio-inspired design ; simulation ; model-based design ; LIPM ; passive walker ; Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; detection technologies ; radio frequency-based (RF) ; radar ; acoustic ; electro optical ; hybrid fusion ; controller detection ; bird song ; soundscape ; ecoacoustics ; sound source localization ; robot audition ; HARK ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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    Commodity Market Finance (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Commodity markets have evolved substantially since the early 2000s and have become more financialized. The recent cold war between the U.S.A. and China, the outbreak of COVID-19, and Russia's invasion of Ukraine have caused resource prices to soar, leading to greater volatility in the commodity markets. The volatility of the commodity markets has increased, and at the same time, financial markets such as the stock market, bond market, and foreign exchange market have become unstable. This has increased the linkage between the commodity and financial markets and has led to a great deal of attention being paid to the commodity markets by governments, companies, and investors.This reprint delves into recent developments in the commodity markets and elucidates the multifaceted factors that have shaped their trajectory. It examines how the interwoven dynamics of supply and demand, geopolitics, technology, and financialization have brought about a new era in commodity trading. By providing a comprehensive survey of these developments, we aim to provide insights that will help stakeholders successfully navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by this evolving landscape.
    Keywords: Russia and Ukraine conflict ; commodities ; G7 and BRIC markets ; TVP-VAR ; connectedness ; oil price uncertainty shocks ; international equity markets ; global vector autoregressive model ; arbitrage ; efficiency ; futures ; liquidity ; market integration ; platinum ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; agriculture ; commodity ; MF-DFA ; high frequency ; asymmetric volatility spillover ; bitcoin ; altcoin ; cryptocurrency ; frequency connectedness ; Bitcoin ; machine learning ; random forest regression ; LSTM ; energy market volatility ; oil price dynamics ; fear index ; Markov-regime switching models ; volatility risk premium (VRP) ; implied and realized volatility ; oil and stock returns ; financialization ; Bermudan commodity options ; multi-layer perceptron ; multi-asset stochastic volatility model ; hybrid forecasting approaches ; two-step forecasting approaches ; gold ; euro ; sentiment analysis ; ARIMA ; wavelet transformation ; seasonal decomposition ; long short-term memory ; random forest ; eXtreme gradient boosting ; stock ; markets ; cycles ; investing ; risk ; returns ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WC Antiques, vintage and collectables::WCF Collecting coins, banknotes, medals and other related items
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    The Queen of American Agriculture (2023)
    Purdue University Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-02
    Description: Virginia Claypool Meredith's role in directly managing the affairs of a large and prosperous farm in east-central Indiana opened doors that were often closed to women in late nineteenth century America. Her status allowed her to campaign for the education of women, in general, and rural women, in particular. While striving to change society's expectations for women, she also gave voice to the important role of women in the home. A lifetime of dedication made Virginia Meredith "the most remarkable woman in Indiana" and the "Queen of American Agriculture." Meredith was also an integral part of the history of Purdue University. She was the first woman appointed to serve on the university's board of trustees, had a residence hall named in her honor, and worked with her adopted daughter, Mary L. Matthews, in creating the School of Home Economics, the predecessor of today's College of Consumer and Family Sciences.
    Keywords: Midwest ; United States ; history ; agriculture ; women's history ; gender ; gender studies ; higher education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups
    Language: English
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    10th Anniversary of 〈em〉Actuators〈/em〉 (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This is a reprint of the articles from the Special Issue entitled "10th Anniversary of Actuators", published in the open-access journal, Actuators. It consists of 18 representative works with four main topics: systematic reviews for specific types of actuators, performance evaluation, design and controls, and new actuators' applications. This reprint helps readers to understand the challenges and the trends of research and development in advancing the theories, methodologies, and design tools of actuators.
    Keywords: high-speed third-order sliding mode observer ; nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control ; controller–observer strategy ; faster convergence ; fault-tolerant control ; fluid power ; hydraulics ; electrohydrostatic actuator ; EHA ; 3D printing ; additive manufacturing ; plastic ; step response ; efficiency ; heat generation ; electric machines ; torque ripple ; resonant control ; modulation and demodulation control ; mixed sensitivity loop shaping ; iterative learning control ; fuzzy control ; balance control ; movement control ; wheeled bipedal robot ; automated self-driving tractor ; agriculture ; robot ; multibody ; control systems ; continuum robot ; image servo tracking ; image jacobian ; autonomous manipulation ; CFRP ; filament winding ; weight reduction ; hydraulic drive ; composite ; actuators ; PAT ; start-up process ; gas–liquid two-phase ; radial force ; axial force ; railway ; virtual coupling ; optimal control ; model predictive control ; robust MPC ; cam-linkage mechanism ; parameter optimization ; reliability analysis ; kinematics ; transverse device ; plasma actuators ; dielectric barrier discharge ; deicing ; ice sensing ; flow control ; interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) ; maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) ; maximum torque per current (MTPC) ; dead beat control ; predictive control ; hardware-in-the-loop ; Acceleration Driven Damper ; response time ; dynamic range ; semi-active ; magnetorheological ; damper ; railway vehicle ; lateral vibration ; model-free control ; intelligent PID controllers ; iterative feedback tuning ; data-driven tuning ; pitch angle control ; aerodynamic system control ; gelatin ; actuator ; soft robotics ; biocompatible actuator ; hydrogels ; bellow pneumatic muscle ; soft actuator ; position control ; LQR control ; PID control ; feature extraction ; fault diagnosis ; convolution neural network ; deep neural networks ; inverter fault ; fault classification ; components ; condition monitoring ; flow rate sensor ; predictive maintenance ; soft sensor ; solenoid ; valve ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Sugarcane (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: This book discusses the most recent research on sugarcane production and its applications. It provides a comprehensive overview of the current technology of producing bioethanol from sugarcane to meet the global demands for biofuel. It also explores innovative technology to convert sugarcane into new value-added products. The book is designed to provide practical insights into the current challenges in the production of value-added products from sugarcane byproducts and their contribution to the sustainability of the sugarcane industry. It offers a broad understanding of major challenges related to the improvement of risk management strategies, as well as public policies to the energy market. It also presents precise and meticulous insight into the importance of abiotic stress affecting sugarcane productivity and morphological traits.
    Keywords: agriculture ; sustainable development ; wastewater treatment ; ethanol ; complexity ; thermal properties ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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    Animal Welfare (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: Animal welfare has become a topic of serious discussion worldwide. Humane breeding has become an issue that has been given international attention in recent years. However, many people are still very unfamiliar with this concept. The foundation of humane feeding is based on AW. The main appeal is to allow animals to have five freedoms. When animal feeding meets these conditions, it can be regarded as meeting the basic requirements of humane feeding. The basis for the sustainable implementation of humane breeding is actually consumers. If consumers do not support the concept of humane feeding and do not agree with the price difference that should be paid for the production of humane products, then producers have no resources to put humane concepts into the production process. Therefore, only when consumers pay attention to humane production in terms of consumer behavior, more producers are willing to raise livestock and poultry in a humane way. As long as the insistence of both consumers and producers is satisfied, animals can be treated better.
    Keywords: agriculture ; biodiversity ; conservation ; fungi ; animal model ; mastitis ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MZ Veterinary medicine
    Language: English
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    Evolving the common agricultural policy for tomorrow's challenges (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: As in other parts of the world, agriculture in Europe is not sustainable. It must urgently and importantly evolve. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) must foster this evolution. In that perspective, this book draws the contours of an ambitious CAP that would facilitate the necessary agro-ecological transition of agricultural systems in the European Union. The book is divided into three parts. The economic aspects are the subject of the first part. The climate, environmental and health dimensions are addressed in the second part. The third part deals with rural development and innovation. With the exception of the first chapter, which provides a brief history of the CAP, the different chapters are organized according to the same structure. They begin with a description of the issue; they continue with a critical presentation of how the issue has been considered within the CAP to date and, if relevant, in other public policies; they finally propose policy recommendations to better address the issue. Each chapter can be read independently. Even if the disciplines and skills mobilized cover a broad spectrum, the general framework of analysis is that of public economics. This reading key is used both to justify the objectives of the CAP and to define the policy instruments to be implemented in order to achieve these objectives in the most efficient way. The concluding chapter addresses three aspects: first, an analysis of the global coherence of our recommendations, including in terms of their links with other policies than the CAP; second, a critical reading of the June 2021 agreement for the 2023-2027 CAP in the light of our recommendations; third, a reading of our recommendations in the light of the ambition of the European Green Deal for agriculture and food. This book is aimed at all actors interested in the future of the CAP and more generally of agriculture in the European Union: policy makers, agricultural stakeholders, non-governmental organizations, researchers, teachers and students.
    Keywords: innovation ; agriculture ; biodiversity ; climate ; trade ; sustainable development ; ecology ; Europe ; CAP ; public policy ; health ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKF Agricultural law ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy and protocols ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKF Agricultural law
    Language: French
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    Flavonoid Metabolism (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: The presence of flavonoids such as chalcones, flavones, flavonols, anthocyanins, and proanthocyanidins is ubiquitous throughout the plant kingdom. It was previously believed that the oldest plants that produced flavonoids were liverworts and mosses. However, recent discoveries have found genes encoding enzymes in the shikimate pathway responsible for flavonoid biosynthesis in a variety of plants including algae, liverworts, mosses, lycophytes, ferns and horsetails, gymnosperms, and angiosperms. These genes include the first two enzymes for flavonoid biosynthesis, chalcone synthase and chalcone isomerase. Furthermore, recent research has found flavones, isoflavones, and flavonols in microalgae from five distinct evolutionary lineages(Cyanobacteria, Rhodophyta, Chlorophyta, Haptophyta, and Ochrophyta) using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry. This implies that plants may have developed the capacity to make flavonoids earlier than previously believed. Flavonoids in the earliest plants that produced them were believed to have acted as protection against UV radiation and control of plant hormone activity. As plants evolved, these roles diversified, and the study of flavonoids has revealed how plants developed the capacity to produce a wide array of specialized metabolites and then evolved the metabolic pathways required to manufacture them. This book delves into the structural diversity of flavonoids found throughout the plant kingdom, the evolution of flavonoid biosynthesis genes in plants, and the molecular interaction of flavonoids with growth hormones. The metabolic routes of flavonoids are thoroughly investigated using both biochemical and molecular biology methods, and the book elucidates the links between genes/proteins and metabolites, as well as between metabolites. The book also explores the interplay between flavonoid metabolism and external environmental factors that are subject to continuous change.
    Keywords: flavonoids ; biosynthesis ; agriculture ; bioactive compounds ; secondary metabolites ; genetic engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSB Biochemistry
    Language: English
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    Le foncier rural dans les pays du Sud (2023)
    IRD Éditions
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Dans les pays du Sud, l’accès à la terre et à ses ressources ainsi que son contrôle et ses usages représentent des questions cruciales. Au cœur des défis de la construction de l’État, du développement agricole, de la sécurité alimentaire et de la durabilité environnementale, le foncier est aussi un marqueur identitaire et une source récurrente de conflits. Depuis vingt ans, de nombreuses recherches ont renouvelé les savoirs sur ces questions. Dans une approche processuelle et pluridisciplinaire, cet ouvrage propose un état des lieux sur les dynamiques foncières rurales au Sud. S’appuyant sur une très riche bibliographie internationale, il traite des principaux thèmes liés aux questions foncières : depuis les pratiques et dynamiques locales (évolution des droits sur la terre, marchés fonciers, conflits…) jusqu’aux politiques publiques (réformes agraires, programmes de formalisation des droits sur la terre), en passant par les enjeux de méthode de recherche et d’expertise foncières. Chaque chapitre propose une mise en dialogue critique entre les questionnements, les catégories d’analyse et les résultats de la recherche. Somme sans équivalent sur le sujet, cet ouvrage constitue un outil de référence pour tous ceux qui, étudiants, chercheurs ou praticiens du développement, souhaitent approfondir leur compréhension des dynamiques foncières dans les mondes ruraux contemporains.
    Keywords: agriculture ; sécurité alimentaire ; économie ; politiques publiques ; développement rural ; foncier rural ; conflit foncier ; réforme agraire ; droit foncier ; pays du Sud ; politique foncière ; socio-anthropologie ; accès a la terre ; gouvernance ; usages ; géographie ; identité ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management
    Language: French
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    Advanced Technologies for Biomass (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The use of biomass and organic waste material as a primary resource for the production of fuels, chemicals, and electric power is of growing significance in light of the environmental issues associated with the use of fossil fuels. For this reason, it is vital that new and more efficient technologies for the conversion of biomass are investigated and developed. Today, various advanced methods can be used for the conversion of biomass. These methods are broadly classified into thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, and electrochemical conversion. This book collects papers that consider various aspects of sustainability in the conversion of biomass into valuable products, covering all the technical stages from biomass production to residue management. In particular, it focuses on experimental and simulation studies aiming to investigate new processes and technologies on the industrial, pilot, and bench scales.
    Keywords: biomass pellet ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; chemometrics ; quality indexes ; biogas ; circular economy ; bioeconomy ; wastes ; energy ; R.E.S ; biomass ; anaerobic ; digestion ; agriculture ; livestock ; Greece ; biorefinery ; absorbent hygiene product ; waste ; gasification ; devolatilization ; pyrolysis ; fluidized bed ; diapers ; cellulosic fraction ; chemical looping ; autothermal ; pilot plant ; Açaí ; residual seeds ; bio-oil ; distillation ; gasoline ; light kerosene ; kerosene-like fuel ; torrefaction ; agricultural by-products ; mixing ratios ; solid fuel ; pellet evaluation ; Açaí seeds ; hydrothermal carbonization ; hot compressed water ; process analysis ; HMF ; furfural ; acetic acid ; mass production ; corn stover ; hydrothermal process ; hydrochar ; adsorption ; thermo-gravimetric analysis ; scanning electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; BET analysis ; disposable masks ; devolatilization tests ; Aspen Plus ®simulation ; tar analysis ; ultrasonic ; components fractionation ; lignocellulose ; ethanol treatment ; biomass gasification ; dual bubbling bed gasifier ; innovative pilot scale gasifier ; H2-rich syngas ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Justice environnementale dans les espaces ruraux en Afrique (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The notion of environmental justice is emerging in the face of evidence of differential access to environmental resources and unequal distribution of environmental risks affecting certain social groups. Often addressed in research in the North, the analysis of criteria of justice or injustice associated with the environment, such as access to water, mineral extraction or the recognition of local communities, has been little studied in Africa. However, many African territories are undergoing unbridled development to accompany their strong growth and to respond to development issues that affect the environment of the local populations. The theoretical, methodological and empirical contributions presented in this book make it possible to identify the issues of environmental justice beyond the traditional perspectives. They show how the historicity of the relations of domination between different types of actors in Africa is a determining variable in the understanding of the notion of justice. This book is intended for researchers interested in socio-environmental justice issues in the South, for NGOs fighting against these injustices, for students of social sciences and spatial planning, and for donors financing infrastructures and confronted with the growing opposition of local or international actors.
    Keywords: human activity ; Africa ; farmer ; agriculture ; planning ; land use ; anthropology ; biodiversity ; contamination ; river ; waste ; sustainable development ; economic development ; rural development ; water ; drinking water ; ecosystem ; environment ; farming ; land ; risk management ; inhabitant ; history ; justice ; migration ; natural park ; pollution ; prevention ; water resource ; health ; sociology ; soil ; labour ; vegetation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNT Social impact of environmental issues
    Language: French
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    Evolving the Common Agricultural Policy for Tomorrow's Challenges (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: As in other parts of the world, agriculture in Europe is not sustainable. It must urgently and importantly evolve. The Common Agricultural Policy (CAP) must foster this evolution. In that perspective, this book draws the contours of an ambitious CAP that would facilitate the necessary agro-ecological transition of agricultural systems in the European Union. The book is divided into three parts. The economic aspects are the subject of the first part. The climate, environmental and health dimensions are addressed in the second part. The third part deals with rural development and innovation. With the exception of the first chapter, which provides a brief history of the CAP, the different chapters are organized according to the same structure. They begin with a description of the issue; they continue with a critical presentation of how the issue has been considered within the CAP to date and, if relevant, in other public policies; they finally propose policy recommendations to better address the issue. Each chapter can be read independently. Even if the disciplines and skills mobilized cover a broad spectrum, the general framework of analysis is that of public economics. This reading key is used both to justify the objectives of the CAP and to define the policy instruments to be implemented in order to achieve these objectives in the most efficient way. The concluding chapter addresses three aspects: first, an analysis of the global coherence of our recommendations, including in terms of their links with other policies than the CAP; second, a critical reading of the June 2021 agreement for the 2023-2027 CAP in the light of our recommendations; third, a reading of our recommendations in the light of the ambition of the European Green Deal for agriculture and food.This book is aimed at all actors interested in the future of the CAP and more generally of agriculture in the European Union: policy makers, agricultural stakeholders, non-governmental organizations, researchers, teachers and students.
    Keywords: agriculture ; biodiversity ; climate ; trade ; sustainable development ; ecology ; Europe ; CAP ; public policy ; health ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law::LNK Environment, transport and planning law: general::LNKF Agricultural law
    Language: English
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    Oil Palm Fertilization Guide (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Intended as guide for designing the fertilization system in oil palm plantations, this book explains in clear language how to define fertilizer recommendations for each plantation, considering the specific characteristics of each site. The authors present the principles for interpreting the results of plant tissue analysis, mainly leaflets, taking into account the influence of factors specific to each plantation (age, plant material, climate, soil). They detail how to experimentally determine site-specific reference levels of mineral elements and sampling rules for monitoring the nutritional status of the plantation. Priority is given to the most specific facies (soil, plant material) of the planted areas rather than to an average representation of the plots. This guide explains how to create fertilization schedules to achieve optimal leaf contents from experimentation, and to compare these data with information from geographic information systems. This decision support system is designed to be valid in all situations. In addition to the economic optimization of fertilization, environmental concerns are considered: soil health and absorption efficiency must be integrated into the fertilization strategy by optimizing cultivation practices for fertilizer application and organic matter management. This guide is illustrated by numerous examples from trials in various soil, climate and plant material conditions in Africa and Latin America.
    Keywords: agriculture ; agronomy ; decision support ; nitrogen ; technical advice ; sustainable development ; fertiliser ; fertilisation ; chain ; nitrate ; oilseed ; palm ; planting ; prevention ; crop production ; soil ; cropping system ; tropics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production
    Language: English
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    Flood Risk in a Climate Change Context (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-05
    Description: Despite advancements in scientific knowledge and technological capabilities, flood disasters continue to escalate in severity and extent due to the combination of increasingly intensive land use and the growing effects of climate change. To combat this challenge, it is imperative to advance fundamental and applied research that enables targeted interventions, reduces vulnerability, enhances resilience, and supports decision-makers in implementing effective flood risk-reduction policies. This comprehensive volume contributes to this critical objective by collating recent studies and cutting-edge methodologies that delve into understanding both existing and emerging flood risk drivers within the current climate change context. From investigating the role of constructed wetlands in stormwater management and evaluating flood risk in historic urban areas to analysing the non-stationarity of extreme rainfall and advancing torrential rainfall forecasts, no aspect is left unexplored. Additionally, this volume delves into examining flood damage on agricultural land and understanding post-fire debris flow susceptibility. By meticulously investigating these multifaceted dimensions, the book arms readers with actionable insights and knowledge.The editors hope this comprehensive resource serves as a beacon for researchers, practitioners, and policymakers alike. By equipping readers with the latest advancements and methodologies, we hope this book empowers them to better comprehend flood risks, navigate the complexities of climate change, and forge a path toward a more resilient and sustainable future.
    Keywords: agriculture ; erosion ; flooding ; cereals ; fertilization ; ensemble kalman filter ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences::RBK Hydrology & the hydrosphere
    Language: English
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    Terre et propriété à l’est de l’Europe depuis 1990 (2023)
    Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: The book traces the conditions for the restoration of private ownership of land, before analysing the recomposition of ownership relations and modes of land use in the aftermath of the fall of the communist systems.The concentration of agricultural structures is driven by fierce social competition to recover, capture, and then gather the "bundle of rights" of ownership over land as well as over the capital of exploitation. Seized in its multiple historical, legal, economic and political dimensions, the transformation of property regimes accompanies a reconfiguration of power relations that testifies to the emergence of a new agrarian capitalism.
    Keywords: property ownership ; law ; agriculture ; agricultural holding ; Central Europe ; thema EDItEUR::L Law
    Language: French
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    Wetlands (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Wetlands are some of the most important ecosystems on our planet, providing a range of essential services from biodiversity conservation to water purification. Wetlands - New Perspectives is a comprehensive collection of seven chapters that presents the latest research and insights on wetlands from various perspectives. This book covers a range of topics, including the impacts of climate change on wetlands, the economic benefits of using wetlands for water retention, and the collaborative management of fire-resilient peatlands. It also provides insights into the prospects for the use of degraded wetlands and the management of prior converted hydric soils to support agriculture production. The authors of this book are experts in their fields and offer new perspectives on the management and conservation of wetlands. The book provides valuable insights and information for researchers, policymakers, and wetland managers who seek to promote the sustainable management of these vital ecosystems. Wetlands - New Perspectives is a must-read for anyone interested in the future of wetlands and the role they play in sustaining life on our planet. It is an essential resource for understanding the challenges and opportunities associated with the management and conservation of wetlands.
    Keywords: climate change ; agriculture ; soil ; governance ; soil health ; water balance ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PSA Life sciences: general issues::PSAF Ecological science, the Biosphere
    Language: English
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    Invasive Alien Plants: Impacts on Development and Options for Management (2023)
    CABI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Invasive alien plants pose a major threat to agriculture, the natural environment and livelihoods worldwide and create challenges for development. This is especially the case for those who live and work in rural areas. This book, for the first time, brings together a wide range of invasive plant specialists from the Asia-Pacific region who shares their experience in addressing the problem and delivering solutions. Mikania micrantha is used as case study in the book as it exemplifies many of the issues that need to be addressed. This neotropical vine is a major weed across the tropical humid zones of the region, where it smothers agroforestry, home gardens, natural forests and plantation production systems. The book emphasises the social and economic implications of plant invasion, and discusses direct impacts on livelihoods and biodiversity. It explains how various approaches to management including traditional ecological knowledge and classical biological control can be keys to the delivery of sustainable solutions, focusing on experiences in India, Nepal, Papua New Guinea and China. The use of policy frameworks in biological control and other management measures are also described.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH540-549.5 ; S1-972 ; agriculture ; invasive alien species ; plants ; attitudes ; economic impact ; livelihoods ; environmental impact ; biological control ; Mikania micrantha ; introduced species ; invasive species ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNP Trees, wildflowers and plants: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
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    Advances in Alternative Measures in Plant Protection (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to increasing concern about the use of pesticides and its potential side effects, this book considers the development and application of alternative, environmental-friendly, plant protection methods for the control of weeds, disease, and pests (predators, parasitoids, competitors, plant-plant interactions, microelements, biopesticides). Some of the main advantages of the measures presented in papers are the absence of toxicity to humans and vertebrates, beneficial organisms, and the environment, as well as the absence of pest resistance. In order to provide sustainable and eco-friendly food production, those are important subjects, both in conventional, organic and integrated agricultural farming. Through reviews and original research articles, this reprint covers all aspects of alternative measures in plant protection.
    Keywords: biopesticides ; agriculture ; food supply ; microorganisms ; antifungal ; Botryosphaeriaceae ; chitosan ; GTDs ; madder ; stevioside ; Vitis vinifera ; biocontrol ; Heterorhabditis ; pest and pathogen management ; Photorhabdus ; marketing ; fungi ; Fusarium ; selenium ; micronutrient ; inhibition ; bioactivity ; biologically active compounds ; fungistatic effects ; quercetin ; red alga ; rosmarinic acid ; basal stem rot (BSR) ; phenolic compounds ; lignin ; cellulose ; hemicellulose ; silica body ; crystalline cellulose ; biodegradation ; nematode management ; biological control ; mechanisms ; host plant resistance ; synthetic nematicide ; botanicals ; optimizing strategies ; allelopathy ; oxidative stress ; maize ; soybean ; sunflower ; entomopathogenic fungi ; Tenebrio molitor ; virulence ; pathogenicity ; growth stimulation ; plant–microbe–pest interactions ; rhizosphere competence ; gallic acid ; catechin ; epicatechin ; fungal diseases ; grape berry ; hybrids ; Penicillium ; Botrytis ; Colletotrichum ; Alternaria ; Monilinia ; post-harvest diseases ; Tetranychus urticae ; Euseius stipulatus ; Typhlodromus sp. ; Phytoseiulus persimilis ; citrus orchard ; monitoring ; predators ; pest ; treatments ; aphid ; conservation biocontrol ; parasitoid ; Aphidius colemani ; floral resource plant ; field margin ; Erysiphe alphitoides ; the shoot-biomass amount ; Compu Eye, Leaf & Symptom Area ; antifungal endophytes ; secondary metabolites ; volatile compounds ; anti-oomycete ; Phytophthora infestans ; sporangia germination ; Solanum lycopersicum ; integrated disease management ; plant extracts ; defense inducers ; incidence ; AUDPC ; germination ; biopesticide ; plant–nematode interactions ; nematode effectors and control ; plant resistance ; amino acids ; biostimulant ; glutathione ; herbicide ; safener ; organic waste ; formulation ; improvement ; antifungal activity ; marine ; saline ; wetland ; post-harvest ; antifungal effect ; chloroxylenol ; phenic ; phenol ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; tomato plants ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    Natural Fiber Based Composites II (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Over the last twenty years, the use of cellulosic and lignocellulosic agricultural by-products for composite applications has been of great interest, especially for reinforcing matrices. Fibers of renewable origin have many advantages. They are abundant and cheap, have a reduced impact on the environment, and are independent from fossil resources. Their ability to mechanically reinforce thermoplastic matrices is well known, as is their natural heat insulation ability. The matrices can themselves be of renewable origin (e.g., proteins, thermoplastic starch, poly(lactic acid), polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc.), thus contributing to the development of 100% bio-based composites with a controlled end of life.This Special Issue, “Natural Fiber Based Composites”, provides an inventory of the latest research in the area of composites reinforced with natural and wood fibers, focusing particularly on the preparation and molding processes of such materials (e.g., extrusion, injection molding, hot pressing, 3D printing, etc.) and their characterizations. It contains one review and ten research reports authored by researchers from three continents and eleven countries, namely China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Yemen.
    Keywords: graphene oxide ; composite materials ; lanthanum ; adsorption ; polyvinyl alcohol ; bagasse fibre ; foamed composites ; cushion packaging material ; polyamide ; pomegranate peel ; natural dye ; mordant ; fastness ; antibacterial ; bamboo ; kenaf ; MMT ; natural fiber ; polymer composites ; quality ; electrospinning ; 3D printing ; PJM ; FFF ; bio-materials ; filtering ; biopolymers ; municipal bio-waste ; spinach ; agriculture ; nitrates ; nanomaterials ; nanowires ; hydroxyapatite ; wound healing ; angiogenesis ; gel material ; wood material ; 3D printer ; design and analysis ; cotton fabric ; aniline Schiff base ; 2,4-dihyroxybenzaldehyde ; p-phenylenediamine ; antimicrobial activity ; UV protection properties ; Neosinocalamus affinis ; cellulose ; nanocellulose ; bio-enzymes ; particle size ; Natural Fiber Composite ; flax ; polypropylene ; nonwoven ; HS-SPME-GC-MS method ; VOCs ; odors ; intensity ; thermocouple ; in situ monitoring ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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    Soil Improving Cropping Systems for Sustainable and Profitable Farming in Europe (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: A major challenge for the future is combining both the profitability and sustainability of agriculture. The European H2020 project SoilCare aims to identify, test, and evaluate soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) which contribute to the implementation of agricultural solutions across Europe (See: https://soilcare-project.eu/en/ for the project website). The project includes 16 study sites distributed across Europe. Each study site implemented short-term experiments during the duration of the project, and most also ran long-term experiments comparing soil quality as a function of different treatments, such as soil amendments, tillage, cover crops, nutrients, and organic matter inputs. In addition, eight work-packages assess different aspects encompassing reviewing the soil-improving cropping systems, the participatory analysis of implementation and selection, methodology and analysis, upscaling at the European level, policy analysis and support, and dissemination and communication. In this way, SoilCare works on a providing a holistic approach to soil quality, spanning from biophysical to human interactions at different scales. In this Special Issue, we aim to compile scientific findings on soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) based on field experiments, including the study of policy, upscaling, and dissemination.
    Keywords: soil quality assessment ; sewage sludge ; long-term effect ; Mediterranean soils ; soil erosion ; soil-improving crop systems ; sustainable land management ; sustainable agriculture ; soil improving practices ; crop response ; weather conditions ; Podzol soil ; Bland–Altman statistics ; soil organic carbon ; soil-water content ; no-till ; reduced tillage ; manure ; compost ; soil care ; nitrous oxide ; N2O ; carbon dioxide ; CO2 ; greenhouse gas ; compaction ; earthworms ; direct drilling ; bulk density ; conservation agriculture ; no tillage ; minimum tillage ; principal component analysis ; soil quality index ; scoring function ; deliberative democracy ; q-methodology ; regenerative agriculture ; soil conservation ; Pisum sativum L. ; organic manure ; NPK ; pH ; SOM ; macronutrients ; nutrient content ; degree of compaction ; soil penetration resistance ; relative normalised density ; air-filled porosity ; tillage ; straw incorporation ; bio-drilling crops ; subsoiling ; crop productivity ; crop residue ; crop rotation ; crop yield ; environmental effects ; irrigation ; nutrient management ; resource use ; soil-improving cropping systems ; soil quality ; agriculture ; sustainability frameworks ; socio-economic and environmental indicators ; soil land management ; agricultural advisory services ; soil health ; governance ; agricultural advisers ; sustainable soil management ; soil policy ; advice ; compacted subsoils ; mechanized agriculture ; smallholder agriculture ; soil bulk density ; sustainability framework ; overall sustainability ; costs and benefits ; cover crops ; adoption ; crop management ; environmental dimension ; sociocultural dimension ; economic dimension ; large-scale modelling ; Europe ; SOC stocks ; scenarios ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
    Language: English
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    Livestock grazing systems and sustainable development in the Mediterranean and Tropical areas (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Family-run ruminant pasture farms in Mediterranean and tropical territories contribute directly to eight of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. For a long time, these farms have been on the fringe of agricultural investment efforts. However, they have undeniable assets for meeting these SDGs in interaction with other forms of livestock farming present in the territories. However, they also face a number of constraints that call into question their sustainability. The interdisciplinary synthesis presented here aims to answer three key questions: How can the adaptive capacities of these livestock farms be strengthened to respond to climatic, social and economic changes? How can their efficiency be improved at different levels of organisation and at social, economic and environmental levels? Finally, how can these farms contribute to innovation processes for the agro-ecological transition? This book is based on research recently published by the UMR Selmet (CIRAD-INRAE-Institut Agro) on a variety of sites around the world and in a broad international partnership. It is intended for the teaching and scientific community, students, and stakeholders in the livestock sector and in the territories, working at different decision-making levels.
    Keywords: sustainable development ; agriculture ; spatial planning ; livestock ; Mediterranean ; climate ; tropics ; grazing ; stics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding
    Language: English
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    Dynamic Agriculture in East Asia: Land-Livelihood Interactions (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Subsistence smallholder agriculture in East Asia was highly recognized by Dr. Franklin Hiram King in his book Farmers of Forty Centuries or Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea and Japan though it has been abandoned due to industrialization and urbanization since the end of the 20th century. This reprint consists of research on the transformation of agricultural systems and the mechanism behind these phenomena in China and Japan. We believe that this reprint is practically important, and we appreciate your understanding of the imperfections and hope you enjoy this reprint.
    Keywords: livelihood efficiency ; land use ; coupling coordination ; types of households ; poverty-alleviated mountainous areas ; spin-offs ; innovation spillover ; agricultural cluster ; vegetable cluster in Shouguang City ; Shandong Province ; China ; land endowment ; economic endowment ; farmer heterogeneity ; land transfer out ; local knowledge ; resilience thinking ; rural development ; agriculture ; household livelihood strategy ; agricultural diversification ; heterogeneity ; lag effect ; social capital ; rural revitalization ; crop specialization ; Poyang Lake ; fishermen ; policy ; livelihoods ; landscape patterns ; transformation ; livelihood resilience ; family life cycle ; GeoDetector ; LMG metric model ; dryland area ; livelihood strategies ; policy change ; inland fishermen ; employment conditions ; local food system ; vegetable production ; commitment ; cooperative relationship ; urban agricultural heritage system ; high bed-low ditch agroecosystem ; farmland ; land acquisition ; wetland ; nature reserve ; smart farming technology ; rice ; hilly and mountainous areas ; sustainable farmland ; Japan ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
    Language: English
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    Abiotic Stress in Plants (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: How plants adapt to climate change is a complex and multifaceted process and understanding it requires a comprehensive knowledge of plant biology and ecology. Some of the most serious stresses that plants face include heat and water stress, soil degradation, and increased pests and diseases. Addressing these challenges is crucial to preserve lives and livelihoods and requires a combination of scientific research, technical innovations, and policy interventions to increase ecosystem resilience and sustainable agricultural practices. This book is a step in the right direction, as it provides a comprehensive overview of plant adaptation to abiotic stresses.
    Keywords: agriculture ; drought ; global warming ; oxidative stress ; environment ; antioxidants ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences
    Language: English
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    Creating frameworks to foster soil carbon sequestration (2023)
    Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing | Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-03
    Description: Restorative land management has potential to remove atmospheric carbon dioxide and store carbon in stable forms in soils contributing to climate change mitigation, healthier soils and food security supporting Paris Agreement targets and Sustainable Development Goals. We examine the evidence for a multi-disciplinary approach to designing frameworks to foster practices that increase soil carbon based on: (1) sound biophysical evidence linking practices to carbon sequestration in diverse soils and climates; (2) policy options for providing financial incentives for high-quality carbon offsets; (3) measurement systems that appropriately balance cost-effectiveness and accuracy; and (4) integration of economic, social and cultural dimensions that recognise co-benefits and trade-offs, and provide confidence for decision-making. As a policy framework with crediting and purchasing functions for soil carbon sequestration projects, the Australian Emissions Reduction Fund (ERF) is reviewed to provide insights into barriers and opportunities for uptake. We also review research needs across biophysical and socio-economic disciplines.
    Keywords: soil organic matter ; climate change ; carbon offset ; socio-economic ; agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBG Geology, geomorphology and the lithosphere::RBGB Sedimentology and pedology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVK Agronomy and crop production ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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    Livestock grazing systems and sustainable development in the Mediterranean and Tropical areas (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Family-run ruminant grazing systems in the Mediterranean and tropical areas contribute directly to eight of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. For a long time, these livestock systems have been on the fringe of agricultural investment efforts. However, they have undeniable assets to meet these SDGs in interaction with other forms of livestock production systems present in the territories. But they also face a set of constraints that call into question their continuity. The interdisciplinary synthesis presented here aims to answer three key questions: How can the adaptive capacities of these grazing livestock systems be strengthened to respond to climatic, social and economic changes? How to improve their efficiency at different levels of organisation and on social, economic and environmental levels? Finally, how can these livestock systems contribute to innovation processes for the agro-ecological transition? This book is based on recently published research by UMR Selmet (CIRAD-INRAE-Institut Agro) on a variety of sites around the world and in a broad international partnership. It is intended for the teaching and scientific community, students, and stakeholders in the livestock sector and in the territories, who are involved at different decision-making levels.
    Keywords: sustainable development ; agriculture ; spatial planning ; livestock ; Mediterranean ; climate ; tropics ; grazing ; stics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture
    Language: French
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    Make It Rain (2023)
    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Weather control. Juxtaposing those two words is enough to raise eyebrows in a world where even the best weather models still fail to nail every forecast, and when the effects of climate change on sea level height, seasonal averages of weather phenomena, and biological behavior are being watched with interest by all, regardless of political or scientific persuasion. But between the late nineteenth century—when the United States first funded an attempt to “shock” rain out of clouds—and the late 1940s, rainmaking (as it had been known) became weather control. And then things got out of control. In Make It Rain, Kristine C. Harper tells the long and somewhat ludicrous history of state-funded attempts to manage, manipulate, and deploy the weather in America. Harper shows that governments from the federal to the local became helplessly captivated by the idea that weather control could promote agriculture, health, industrial output, and economic growth at home, or even be used as a military weapon and diplomatic tool abroad. Clear fog for landing aircraft? There’s a project for that. Gentle rain for strawberries? Let’s do it! Enhanced snowpacks for hydroelectric utilities? Check. The heyday of these weather control programs came during the Cold War, as the atmosphere came to be seen as something to be defended, weaponized, and manipulated. Yet Harper demonstrates that today there are clear implications for our attempts to solve the problems of climate change.
    Keywords: contemporary ; modern ; weather ; control ; models ; forecast ; climate ; sea level ; seasons ; seasonal ; average ; rainfall ; snow ; wind ; behavior ; history ; historical ; 1940s ; funding ; government ; federal ; local ; agriculture ; health ; industry ; economy ; economic ; project ; snowpack ; cold war ; atmosphere ; research ; academic ; scholarly ; diplomacy ; international ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RB Earth sciences::RBP Meteorology and climatology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies
    Language: English
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    Modeling the Adaptations of Agricultural Production to Climate Change (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on quantitatively assessing the impact of climate change on agricultural production based on multi-source model simulation and reveals the role and mechanism of improved management measures in adapting to climate change. Modeling is a key tool for exploring the impacts of climate change on agriculture and proposing adaptation strategies. The insights derived from this reprint will be helpful for relevant decision makers in the areas of agricultural adaptation and food security.
    Keywords: temperature ; evaluation ; CLDAS ; GLDAS ; ERA5-Land ; adaptation ; climate change ; summer maize ; phenology shift ; GCM ; CNRM-CM6 ; PET ; IPCC-AR6 ; SSP scenarios ; solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) ; winter wheat ; yield forecast ; random forest ; enhanced vegetation index (EVI) ; geographic distribution ; suitable habitat ; Rheum nanum ; MaxEnt ; ArcGIS ; range shifts ; climate scenario ; agriculture ; food security ; planting boundary ; crop modelling ; yield ; future climate scenarios ; soybean ; CROPWAT ; reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) ; crop water requirement (ETc) ; irrigation water requirement (Ir) ; crop yield ; cultivated area ; water use ; wheat–corn ; DNDC ; net greenhouse effect ; anaerobic digestion ; biogas production ; k-nearest neighbours ; support vector machine ; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River ; rice ; heat stress ; nitrous oxide ; soil gas flux ; silicone diffusion cell ; soil gas diffusivity ; passive gas sampling ; soil gas diffusion coefficient ; soil gas flux simulation ; carbon sequestration ; different scenarios ; land use ; sustainable development ; Xinjiang ; ETo ; yield response factor ; irrigation water requirement ; cotton ; GCMs ; CERES-rice model ; rice yield ; light and heat resource utilization ; potential evapotranspiration (ET0) ; Penman–Monteith ; sensitivity analysis ; contribution rate ; optimal irrigation ; sustainable irrigation ; water use efficiency ; North China Plain ; sugarcane ; SPEI ; waterlogging ; growth stage ; climatic yield ; yield prediction ; machine learning ; APSIM model ; climate indices ; range shift ; apple trees ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Robots and Autonomous Machines for Agriculture Production (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Global population growth, population aging, declining labor force levels, and rising production costs pose more challenges to agricultural production. In recent years, due to the improved performance of artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, and advanced control, they have been widely used in various agricultural applications, including management, disease detection, crop monitoring, yield estimation, and crop harvesting. Robotics and autonomous machines represent a high-level application of automation in agriculture, based on precise and resource-efficient approaches to sustainably achieve greater efficiency and quality in the production of agricultural products while reducing environmental impact. Reactive technologies based on agricultural robots and autonomous machines are separate but closely related fields covering the application of automated control and robotic platforms at all levels of agricultural production. In robotic or autonomous systems, agricultural sensing and control is particularly difficult due to the complexity of the environment in which agricultural production operates. The open robot system has good expansibility, versatility and flexible operation ability. The establishment of agricultural robot control system can guarantee the reliability and real-time control. A total of 26 papers are included that explores the various ways in which robotics and autonomous machines for agricultural production address general problems.
    Keywords: mobile manipulation ; optimization and optimal control ; agricultural robotics ; viticulture ; jujube pruning ; manipulator ; kinematic analysis ; high-speed photography technology ; performance test ; picking manipulator ; motion planning ; TO-RRT ; step-size dichotomy ; regression superposition ; robotic pest control ; Mask R-CNN ; skeleton extraction ; binocular vision ; stereo matching ; machine vision ; picking robot ; apple detection ; YOLOX ; ShufflenetV2 ; point cloud registration of fruit trees ; lightning attachment procedure optimization ; density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise ; information perception of fruit trees ; precision planter ; motor-driven ; CANopen protocol ; photoelectric sensor ; no-tillage ; straw-rotting fungus ; multiarm harvesting trajectory optimization ; multiobjective optimization ; cluster fruit ; genetic ant colony stepwise algorithm ; dairy farm ; pusher robot ; path extraction ; obstacle avoidance ; high-performance film for full recycling ; film recycling ; field experiment ; film recycling rate ; precision agriculture ; Industry 4.0 ; technology ; adoption ; unmanned vehicles ; smart production ; drones ; robots ; cotton precision planter ; cotton seeds ; broadcast monitoring ; missed broadcast monitoring ; sowing quality ; electrical characteristics ; poultry eggs ; nondestructive detection ; cracked eggs ; machine learning ; garlic seeding ; orientation recognition ; garlic clove righting ; deep learning ; fully connected neural network ; autonomous navigation ; navigation line extraction ; orchard machinery ; least-square ; apple harvesting ; soft gripper ; Fin Ray effect ; finite element analysis ; constant-pressure feedback ; slip detection ; fresh weight prediction ; growth model ; naive Bayesian network ; solar greenhouse ; substrate-cultivated lettuce ; phenotyping ; agricultural robot ; tiller counting ; residual network ; agriculture ; path planning ; neighborhood collection ; autonomous vehicle ; genetic algorithm ; global optimization ; bale collection problem ; forage handling ; pineapple eye ; three-dimensional ; YOLOv5 ; stereo-matching ; cotton seeder ; duckbill ; Simufact Welding ; welding robot ; automated welding ; apple grader ; attention mechanism SE ; DIoU_Loss ; mish ; autonomous robots ; data acquisition ; computer vision ; shrimp ; automatic peeling machines ; tactile perception ; recognition ; wavelet scattering convolutional network ; microcurrent signal analysis ; egg’s electrical characteristic model ; artificial intelligence ; IoT ; cloud computing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    Fungal Nanotechnology 2.0 (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Fungal Nanotechnology 2 provides an updated and thorough explanation of the green and sustainable production of metal- and organic-based nanostructures by various fungal species, as well as an investigation of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms, with a particular focus on the applications of fungal nanotechnology in biomedical, environmental, and agri-food sectors. Since FN is still in its infancy, major research should be conducted in this field; plants, animals, and people will all benefit significantly from this, and effective and environmentally acceptable methods should be developed.
    Keywords: zinc oxide nanoparticles ; Gossypium barbadense ; Fusarium sp. ; Rhizoctonia solani ; Macrophomina phaseolina ; metallic nanoparticles ; agriculture ; crop protection ; antifungal activities ; fungi ; silver nanoparticles ; green biosynthesis ; antifungal activity ; mucormycosis ; antioxidant activity ; Penicillium chrysogenum ; Biomphalaria alexandrina ; Schistosoma mansoni ; selenium nanoparticles ; molluscicide ; larvicide ; docking study ; Puccinia triticina ; wheat ; salicylic acid ; chitosan nanoparticles ; enzymes ; ROS ; anatomical characters ; nanofungicide ; ambrosial complex ; beneficial microbes ; biocontrol agents ; Trichoderma ; Hypocrea ; nanostructures ; biosynthesis ; biocontrol ; larvicidal ; smoke toxicity ; ovicidal ; fungus ; nanotechnology ; reaction optimisation ; Chaetomium thermophilum ; cytotoxicity ; chitosan ; chitosan/silver nanoparticles ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; wound healing ; green synthesis ; polyphenols ; cell cycle ; Candida auris ; metal oxide nanoparticles ; Fusarium solani ; defense genes ; control ; resistance ; scanning electron microscope ; anatomical structure ; myconanotechnology ; ZnO nanoparticles ; nanofabrication ; antimicrobial resistance ; biofilm ; Serendipita indica ; endosymbiont ; nano-embedded fungus ; confocal microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Oryza sativa L. indica ; nano-bioformulation ; antibacterial ; CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite ; fungal interactions ; plant pathogens ; fungus-derived nanoparticles ; nanoparticle-based fungicides ; fungal bioreactors ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    Elevage au pâturage et développement durable des territoires méditerranéens et tropicaux (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Family-run ruminant pasture farms in Mediterranean and tropical territories contribute directly to eight of the seventeen Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations 2030 Agenda. For a long time, these farms have been on the fringe of agricultural investment efforts. However, they have undeniable assets for meeting these SDGs in interaction with other forms of livestock farming present in the territories. However, they also face a number of constraints that call into question their sustainability. The interdisciplinary synthesis presented here aims to answer three key questions: How can the adaptive capacities of these livestock farms be strengthened to respond to climatic, social and economic changes? How can their efficiency be improved at different levels of organisation and at social, economic and environmental levels? Finally, how can these farms contribute to innovation processes for the agro-ecological transition? This book is based on research recently published by the UMR Selmet (CIRAD-INRAE-Institut Agro) on a variety of sites around the world and in a broad international partnership. It is intended for the teaching and scientific community, students, and stakeholders in the livestock sector and in the territories, working at different decision-making levels.
    Keywords: agriculture ; land use ; climate ; sustainable development ; livestock ; Mediterranean ; grazing ; tropics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding
    Language: French
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    Engineering of Smart Agriculture (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue presents an extract from the reality of smart agriculture, where the combination of modern technologies, innovative solutions, and sustainable approaches to food production classifies this part of science as highly interdisciplinary, multifaceted, and technologically advanced. The need to increase productivity, optimize natural resources, and minimize environmental impact requires new approaches. In this context, smart agriculture is emerging as a solution that combines technology, data, and science to achieve sustainable, efficient, and innovative food production. This Special Issue introduces the field of smart farming, which encompasses a range of advanced technologies. The use of these tools allows for the monitoring and optimization of crop conditions, precise fertilization, the minimization of water and energy usage, and the improvement of crop quality and quantity. In addition, plant monitoring systems are described, which, by means of sensors and data analysis, provide farmers with valuable information about plant health, soil moisture, temperature, and other factors affecting crop growth. A significant part of this monograph deals with the automation of agricultural processes, where robots and machines undertake tasks with high precision and accuracy, contributing to the farmer’s efficiency. This Special Issue aims not only to provide an understanding of smart agriculture but to also inspire the reader to think about the future of agriculture and the ways in which modern food production methods can be improved.
    Keywords: recirculating aquaculture system ; variable-flow regulation model ; circulating pump-drum filter linkage working technique ; machine learning methods ; gene algorithm support vector machine ; controlled environment agriculture ; digital twin ; productivity ; architecture ; optimization ; NDVI ; image processing ; SURF ; SIFT ; SVM ; BP algorithm ; performance ; sweet pepper ; deep neural network ; sprouts ; stimulation with a pulsed magnetic field ; micro and macro components ; ICP-OES ; ground pressure ; paddy soil ; seeding skateboard ; internet of things ; wireless measurement system ; calcium ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; potassium ; copper ; iron ; manganese ; sodium ; zinc ; wild leafy vegetables ; real-time kinematic (RTK) ; precision agriculture ; ISO standard ; global positioning system (GPS) ; GLONASS ; agricultural tractor ; Korean ginseng ; root-rot-disease ; plant segmentation ; deep learning ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; convolutional neural network ; corn insect ; electrical fields ; magnetic fields ; high-voltage electric field ; growth of fruits ; ripening of fruits ; shelf life of fruits ; fungicide resistance ; PCR ; broad-spectrum fungicides ; Fusarium solani ; toxicity ; asymmetric machine-tractor unit ; motion ; stability ; resistance coefficients ; amplitude-frequency characteristic ; phase-frequency characteristic ; quality parameters ; firmness ; total soluble solid ; titratable acidity ; dry matter ; respiration rate ; apple fruit ; model predictive control ; energy management system ; renewable energy ; smart irrigation ; agriculture 4.0 ; maize bulk ; kernel breakage ; vertical pressure ; deformation ; heat production ; sustainable ; agriculture ; rural ; mobile internet technology ; bivariate probit model ; agricultural modernization ; Pakistan ; wheat ; smart ; Zea mays ; stalk diseases ; crop rotation ; stubble ; suppressive soils ; biomass combustion ; broadleaved tree ; pulsed electric field ; calorific value ; UV-C radiation ; stress response ; mechanical properties ; stimulation ; potato tuber ; CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ; terminal velocity ; winnowing machine separation ; chili pepper harvester ; water and fertilizer integration ; pH adjustment ; BP-PID-Smith algorithm ; estimated compensation ; convolutional neural networks ; MATLAB ; hybrid system ; mobile application ; aeration ; airflow resistance ; pore volume ; semi-empirical modelling ; self-compaction ; spatial and temporal ; energy ; environmental contamination ; lettuce ; life cycle assessment ; winter wheat ; leaf greenness index (SPAD) ; protein ; photosynthesis ; nitrogen ; smart agriculture ; weed management ; crop productivity ; computer vision ; analytical procedure ; forklift truck ; interchangeable equipment ; static stability assessment ; typical meteorological sequence ; typical meteorological week ; wastewater treatment ; high-rate algae pond ; solar irradiance ; Finkelstein-Schafer statistics ; southern rice ; threshing loss ; fuzzy PID ; adaptive algorithm ; hilly mountainous areas ; rapeseed pod ; surface area measurement ; 3-D measurement ; side area of oblique cylinders ; rapeseed pod seed testing machine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
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    Gallia Comata. La Gaule du Nord (2023)
    Presses universitaires de Rennes
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Cet essai porte sur la Gaule conquise par César. Son objectif est de mettre l’accent sur l’évolution du pays, depuis La Tène finale (vers 150 av. J.-C.) jusqu’au moment où s’achève son intégration effective dans l’Empire romain (vers 70 apr. J.-C.). L’auteur insiste donc sur les permanences avant d’aborder les étapes de la transition. Une première partie thématique étudie la Gaule sous ses différents aspects : le pays et ses habitants, la ruralité, le phénomène urbain et, enfin, les croyances. Une seconde partie, davantage historique, se concentre sur les étapes de l’intégration dans l’Empire. Cet ensemble est précédé d’un important prologue dont le titre est à lui seul une réponse ferme aux vaines polémiques de ces dernières années : « Que la Gaule n’est pas la France. » Il n’existe pas, à l’heure actuelle, d’approche similaire, cherchant à rompre avec le découpage chronologique classique entre protohistoire et histoire. On a mobilisé pour ce faire les sources archéologiques les plus récentes, issues bien souvent des fouilles préventives, en essayant de les croiser avec l’analyse des documents historiques traditionnels (épigraphie, textes grecs et latins). L’auteur propose sans aucun doute une vision renouvelée de l’histoire de la Gaule.
    Keywords: Tène finale ; agriculture ; urbanisation ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHC Ancient history
    Language: French
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    Le renouveau des territoires par la bioéconomie (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-07
    Description: Jean-Marc Callois proposes to understand the mechanisms of territorial development, to identify the local potential of bioresources and the articulation between uses, to activate the various public policy tools, to articulate the scales of governance and finally to conceive the economic system as an ecosystem. Living resources are a major element in the response to the environmental crisis. Admittedly, photosynthesis has a much lower energy yield than photovoltaics, but it has the advantage of not requiring increasingly rare minerals whose extraction is polluting. Bioresources have considerable potential for creating activities and jobs, well beyond current food and energy uses. They are also a means of revitalising many rural areas in decline. The book sets out a methodological framework for implementing a territorial development strategy based on bioresources. It brings together the various theoretical tools needed to understand the economic mechanisms underlying territorial development and details their practical application. It is also a plea for greater consideration of the bioeconomy in public policies and in economic thinking. This book is primarily intended for regional development practitioners (local authorities, development agencies, consultants, etc.) who wish to implement such an approach to development.
    Keywords: human activity ; agriculture ; decision support ; food ; land use planning ; sustainable development ; economic development ; rural development ; economy ; environmental technology ; employment ; industry ; France ; geography ; economic impact ; public policy ; valorisation ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVD Agricultural and rural economics
    Language: French
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    Guide pour l'évaluation de l'agroécologie (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The Guide for the evaluation of agroecology proposes an approach and methodological tools to assess, on the one hand, the effects of agroecological practices and systems on the agro-environmental and socio-economic performance of agriculture and, on the other hand, the conditions for the development of agroecology. It aims to help development actors to better design their projects, programmes and public policies in favour of agroecology, to facilitate the creation of references (performance and development conditions) and to support farmers so that they can better evaluate the results of their practices and thus have a decision-making aid. This guide is divided into three parts. The first part presents the general approaches to spot evaluation and monitoring-evaluation. The second part consists of evaluation sheets dealing either with the elements on which agroecology is likely to have effects in the agro-environmental and socio-economic fields, or with the conditions for its development. Finally, the third part offers methodological complements in the form of tool sheets. This book is the result of collaboration between teams from GTAE (Agrisud International, AVSF, Cari and GRET), AgroParisTech, CIRAD, IRD and the Institut Agro Montpellier.
    Keywords: Africa ; farmer ; agriculture ; organic farming ; agronomy ; decision support ; Asia ; biodiversity ; technical advice ; sustainable development ; water ; ecology ; economy ; ecosystem ; livestock ; employment ; fertilizer ; environment ; equipment ; Europe ; evaluation ; expertise ; farm ; economic impact ; pesticide ; public policy ; crop production ; quality ; harvest ; health ; food safety ; soil ; cropping system ; terroir ; valorisation ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTP Development studies
    Language: French
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    Recherches de sciences sociales sur l’Asie du Sud (2023)
    Éditions de l’École des hautes études en sciences sociales
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: agriculture; religion; mythologie; pouvoir; caste
    Keywords: agriculture ; religion ; mythologie ; pouvoir ; caste ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTZ General studies and General knowledge
    Language: French
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    Modeling the Adaptations of Agricultural Production to Climate Change (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on quantitatively assessing the impact of climate change on agricultural production based on multi-source model simulation and reveals the role and mechanism of improved management measures in adapting to climate change. Modeling is a key tool for exploring the impacts of climate change on agriculture and proposing adaptation strategies. The insights derived from this reprint will be helpful for relevant decision makers in the areas of agricultural adaptation and food security.
    Keywords: temperature ; evaluation ; CLDAS ; GLDAS ; ERA5-Land ; adaptation ; climate change ; summer maize ; phenology shift ; GCM ; CNRM-CM6 ; PET ; IPCC-AR6 ; SSP scenarios ; solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) ; winter wheat ; yield forecast ; random forest ; enhanced vegetation index (EVI) ; geographic distribution ; suitable habitat ; Rheum nanum ; MaxEnt ; ArcGIS ; range shifts ; climate scenario ; agriculture ; food security ; planting boundary ; crop modelling ; yield ; future climate scenarios ; soybean ; CROPWAT ; reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) ; crop water requirement (ETc) ; irrigation water requirement (Ir) ; crop yield ; cultivated area ; water use ; wheat–corn ; DNDC ; net greenhouse effect ; anaerobic digestion ; biogas production ; k-nearest neighbours ; support vector machine ; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River ; rice ; heat stress ; nitrous oxide ; soil gas flux ; silicone diffusion cell ; soil gas diffusivity ; passive gas sampling ; soil gas diffusion coefficient ; soil gas flux simulation ; carbon sequestration ; different scenarios ; land use ; sustainable development ; Xinjiang ; ETo ; yield response factor ; irrigation water requirement ; cotton ; GCMs ; CERES-rice model ; rice yield ; light and heat resource utilization ; potential evapotranspiration (ET0) ; Penman–Monteith ; sensitivity analysis ; contribution rate ; optimal irrigation ; sustainable irrigation ; water use efficiency ; North China Plain ; sugarcane ; SPEI ; waterlogging ; growth stage ; climatic yield ; yield prediction ; machine learning ; APSIM model ; climate indices ; range shift ; apple trees ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
    Language: English
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    Machine-Learning-Assisted Intelligent Processing and Optimization of Complex Systems (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint contains 15 articles from the Special Issue of the MDPI journal Processes on "Machine Learning-Assisted Intelligent Processing and Optimization of Complex Systems". These articles focus on the most recent developments in intelligent optimization methods and their applications in various test cases. The reprint covers various topics, including distributed multiagent modeling, metaheuristic algorithms, multisource data fusion, mobile computing and mobile sensing, machine learning-based intelligent processing for modeling complex manufacturing systems, and data-driven intelligent modeling.Focusing on the abovementioned subjects, this reprint can be useful for researchers interested in intelligent optimization techniques and their applications in the fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning. We believe that this reprint will encourage the convergence between many communities.
    Keywords: Chilo suppressalis ; meteorological data ; time series analysis ; DeepAR ; deep learning ; integrated pest management ; text vectorization ; topic model ; pretrained model ; transfer learning ; drop impact ; maximum spreading diameter ; scaling laws ; analytical models ; machine learning ; agribusiness ; optimization of the production flow ; cold storage management ; endogenous fruits ; peaches ; lean tools ; 5S ; Kaizen ; Value Stream Mapping ; inappropriately wearing facemask ; mask detection ; UAV edge network ; popularity prediction ; cache strategy ; artificial bee colony ; turbulence ; passive scalar ; convolutional neural network ; estimating diffusion source distance ; leaking gas detection ; waste marble powder ; flexural strength ; support vector machines ; Gaussian processes ; ANFIS ; cross-domain ; MEC ; resource allocation ; IIOT ; knowledge graph ; knowledge structuring ; entity extraction methods ; asset administration shell ; process industry entity relationship networks ; Industry 5.0 ; human-centricity ; human-centred ; I5.0 technologies ; artificial intelligence ; robotics ; cyber-physical systems ; digitalization ; acoustic signal ; fault diagnosis ; adaptive multi-threshold segmentation ; subdomain adaptation ; variable speed condition ; local maximum mean discrepancy ; weed detection ; weed classification ; support decision-making algorithm ; fruit detection ; disease detection ; CNN ; performance metrics ; agriculture ; deep learning neural network ; process control ; hydraulic fracture ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    Evaluating Sustainable Food System Innovations (2023)
    Taylor & Francis | Routledge
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-01-30
    Description: This book presents Urbal, an approach that applies impact pathway mapping to understand how food system innovations in cities, and their territories, change and impact food system sustainability. Around the world, people are finding innovative ways to make their food systems more sustainable. However, documenting and understanding how these innovations impact the sustainability of food system can be a challenge. The Urban Driven Innovations for Sustainable Food Systems (Urbal) methodology responds to these constraints by providing innovations with a simple, open-source, resource-efficient tool that is easily appropriated and adaptable to different contexts. Urbal is designed to respond to the demands of field stakeholders, whether public or private, to accompany and guide them in their actions and decision-making with regard to sustainability objectives. This book presents this qualitative and participatory impact assessment method of food innovations and applies it to several cases of food innovation around the world, including the impact of agricultural districts in Milan, chefs and gastronomy in Brasilia, e-commerce in Vietnam, eco-friendly farm systems in Berlin and the Nourish to Flourish governance process in Cape Town. The book demonstrates how food innovations can impact different dimensions of sustainability, positively and negatively, and identify the elements that facilitate or hinder these impacts. The volume reflects on how to strengthen the capacity of these stakeholders to disseminate their innovations on other scales to contribute to the transition towards more sustainable food systems. This book will be of great interest to students and scholars working on sustainable food systems, urban food, food innovation and impact assessment, as well as policymakers, practitioners and funders interested in these areas.
    Keywords: agriculture ; cities ; food ; sustainability ; systems ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNA Primary industries::KNAC Agriculture & related industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNC Applied ecology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TV Agriculture & farming::TVF Sustainable agriculture
    Language: English
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    Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Following on from the Special Issue “Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring”, we concluded that SAR has now become a pivotal sensor for agricultural monitoring. In this Special Issue, you will find a variety of background material discussing SAR and its applications. Several papers focused on using machine learning approaches with SAR to monitor crop stages and classify crops, while others focused on the polarimetric mode to estimate crop height. Going forward, we hope that you will find this Special Issue to be a useful reference.
    Keywords: monsoon cropland ; Sentinel ; smallholders ; Google Earth Engine ; SAR ; India ; tropical agricultural monitoring ; canopy development analysis ; phenology retrieval ; Sentinel-1 ; multitemporal SAR ; multi-task machine learning ; crop development ; remote sensing ; productivity indicators ; wheat ; growth dynamics ; synthetic aperture radar ; Sentinel-1A ; rice detection ; time-series data ; rice growth-related features ; crop height ; RADARSAT-2 ; corn ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; PolSAR ; machine learning ; RFR ; SVR ; agriculture ; temporal composite ; object-oriented ; crop classification ; crop monitoring ; polarimetry ; decomposition ; field variability ; crop parameters ; multitemporal analysis ; crop identification ; parcel-based classification ; Common Agricultural Policy ; dual-pol ; crop characterization ; phenology ; unsupervised classification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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    River Basin Management (2023)
    IntechOpen | IntechOpen
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-09-05
    Description: River Basin Management – Under a Changing Climate is a collection of relevant research, experiments, and case study chapters. This book offers a comprehensive overview of recent developments in water resources planning, monitoring, and management using in situ measurements, modeling, and community participation. The book includes five sections and fourteen chapters that discuss water resources management, focusing on river basins, which includes quantifying water resources, evaluating water quality, and evaluating the impact of hydraulic structures on water resources management. Chapters also discuss the critical role of community/stakeholders in water resources, planning, monitoring, conservation, and management at smaller to larger river basins.
    Keywords: climate change ; environment ; agriculture ; drought ; water ; ecosystem ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNF Environmental management
    Language: English
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    Propriété, cadastre et usages locaux dans les campagnes françaises (1789-1960) (2023)
    Presses universitaires de Franche-Comté
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: The French Revolution undertook to rationalize the right of ownership by including it in land ownership. However, the country's situation forces us to tolerate uses that form the basis of the relationship with the land. The definition of a new tax system, with the tax registry as a reference, encourages the valuation of the owner of the land, which the censal suffrage benefits until 1848. However, from Corsica to the North, from Brittany to Alsace, from the Pyrenees to the Ardennes, living environments present specificities that are difficult to satisfy the desires of promoters of private land rights. Until the 1960s, this conflictual relationship was the matrix for the definition of farming.
    Keywords: France (1789-1958) ; rural condition ; agriculture ; cadastre ; land ownership ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHD European history
    Language: French
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    Invasive Alien Plants: Impacts on Development and Options for Management (2023)
    CABI
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Invasive alien plants pose a major threat to agriculture, the natural environment and livelihoods worldwide and create challenges for development. This is especially the case for those who live and work in rural areas. This book, for the first time, brings together a wide range of invasive plant specialists from the Asia-Pacific region who shares their experience in addressing the problem and delivering solutions. Mikania micrantha is used as case study in the book as it exemplifies many of the issues that need to be addressed. This neotropical vine is a major weed across the tropical humid zones of the region, where it smothers agroforestry, home gardens, natural forests and plantation production systems. The book emphasises the social and economic implications of plant invasion, and discusses direct impacts on livelihoods and biodiversity. It explains how various approaches to management including traditional ecological knowledge and classical biological control can be keys to the delivery of sustainable solutions, focusing on experiences in India, Nepal, Papua New Guinea and China. The use of policy frameworks in biological control and other management measures are also described.
    Description: Published
    Keywords: SB1-1110 ; QH540-549.5 ; S1-972 ; agriculture ; invasive alien species ; plants ; attitudes ; economic impact ; livelihoods ; environmental impact ; biological control ; Mikania micrantha ; introduced species ; invasive species ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WN Nature and the natural world: general interest::WNP Trees, wildflowers and plants: general interest ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences::PST Botany and plant sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVB Agricultural science
    Language: English
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    L'Institut de l’Élevage (2023)
    éditions Quae
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: In the early 1960s, French livestock production was at a crossroads, having been disrupted by the impact of agricultural modernisation and European integration. Public authorities and professional representatives agreed to create a development apparatus dedicated to ruminant animal production, in order to facilitate the adoption of innovations resulting from research. This is how the Technical Institute for Cattle Breeding was founded in 1962 and the Technical Institute for Sheep and Goat Breeding in 1967. Initially, the missions of these institutes were limited to testing innovations on experimental farms and transferring knowledge, in line with the modernising measures set out in the 1966 law on livestock farming. However, faced with the great diversity of livestock systems and the growing challenges that they had to face, the agents of the technical institutes began, in the 1970s, to develop original methods to support livestock farmers. At first marginal, this know-how gained legitimacy in the face of the social, economic and finally ecological consequences of the race for innovation and competitiveness. Gathered together in 1991 in a single Institute of Animal Husbandry with cross-disciplinary skills, these agents found themselves confronted with major health crises and the cross-cutting issues of the digital revolution, the advent of genomics, new societal expectations and, above all, environmental issues, which became significant at the turn of the century. Support for the world of livestock farming can no longer be thought of solely in terms of development, it must also take into account the necessary transitions. Based on unpublished archives and the testimonies of men and women who have lived through and supported these changes, this book retraces the little-known history of an engineering department that has played a crucial role in the metamorphosis of French livestock farming, making an important contribution to the debate on the future of the relationship between livestock farming and society.
    Keywords: farmer ; agriculture ; genetic improvement ; cattle ; goat ; rural development ; livestock ; environment ; genetics ; history ; sheep ; public policy ; animal production ; sociology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming::TVH Animal husbandry::TVHB Animal breeding
    Language: French
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    Towards Sustainable Global Food Systems (2023)
    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-08-17
    Description: environment; food; agriculture; policy; global food systems
    Keywords: global food systems ; policy ; agriculture ; food ; environment ; KNDF ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDF Food manufacturing & related industries
    Language: English
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    Building the American Republic, Volume 1 (2023)
    University of Chicago Press | University of Chicago Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: Building the American Republic combines centuries of perspectives and voices into a fluid narrative of the United States. Throughout their respective volumes, Harry L. Watson and Jane Dailey take care to integrate varied scholarly perspectives and work to engage a diverse readership by addressing what we all share: membership in a democratic republic, with joint claims on its self-governing tradition. It will be one of the first peer-reviewed American history textbooks to be offered completely free in digital form. Visit buildingtheamericanrepublic.org for more information. Volume 1 starts at sea and ends on the battlefield. Beginning with the earliest Americans and the arrival of strangers on the eastern shore, it then moves through colonial society to the fight for independence and the construction of a federalist republic. From there, it explains the renegotiations and refinements that took place as a new nation found its footing, and it traces the actions that eventually rippled into the Civil War. This volume goes beyond famous names and battles to incorporate politics, economics, science, arts, and culture. And it shows that issues that resonate today—immigration, race, labor, gender roles, and the power of technology—have been part of the American fabric since the very beginning.
    Keywords: history ; historical ; southern culture ; united states of america ; american ; usa ; cultural ; democratic republic ; government ; governing ; digital textbook ; americans ; colonies ; colonization ; independence ; revolution ; federalist ; civil war ; slavery ; politics ; economics ; science ; arts ; society ; immigration ; race ; racism ; labor ; gender roles ; technology ; agriculture ; native peoples ; slave trade ; columbus ; conquest ; puritans ; religion ; jamestown ; salem ; kkk ; reconstruction ; george washington ; abraham lincoln ; manifest destiny ; democracy ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHK History of the Americas ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPA Political science and theory
    Language: English
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    Global Shifts (2023)
    The MIT Press | The MIT Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-07-31
    Description: What global shifts in markets and power mean for the politics and governance of sustainability.In recent years, major shifts in global markets from North to South have created a new geography of trade and consumption, particularly in the agricultural sector. How this shift affects the governance of sustainability, and thus the future of the planet, is the pressing topic Philip Schleifer takes up in this book. The processes of twenty-first-century globalization are fundamentally changing the politics and governance of commodity production, Schleifer argues, with profound implications for the environment in the food-producing countries of the Global South. At the center of Schleifer's study are Brazil and Indonesia—two key sites of experimentation in new models of global environmental and commodity governance—where palm oil and soy supply chains have seen unprecedented degrees of private environmental governance in recent years. However, instead of transforming these industries, the diffusion of transnational sustainability standards has accompanied a worsening ecological crisis, with mounting evidence of increasingly strong links between deforestation and globalization in twenty-first-century agricultural trade. To uncover the causes of this governance failure, Schleifer develops a multi-level framework for analyzing how contemporary globalization is reconfiguring the political economies of such industries. The result is the first comprehensive analysis of the shift of global agricultural trade to the South and the deepening crisis of commodity-driven deforestation—and a complex and evolving picture of both the risks and opportunities for sustainability presented by this transformative shift.
    Keywords: Transnational ; governance ; regulation ; supply chain ; sustainability ; agriculture ; globalization ; emerging economies ; commodities ; soy ; palm oil ; Indonesia ; Brazil ; global value chains ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RND Environmental policy & protocols ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KJ Business & management::KJK International business
    Language: English
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    Energieversorgungsrisiken, Energiepreiskrise und Klimaschutz erfordern gemeinsame Antworten (2022)
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-25
    Description: In den vergangenen zwei Jahren hat sich die Welt verändert und vermehrt beherrschen Krisen das Bild. Jahrzehntelange Gewissheiten gelten nicht mehr, Risiken und Unsicherheiten nehmen zu, die Herausforderungen werden immer komplexer und erfordern gleichzeitig immer schnelleres und konsequenteres Handeln.
    Keywords: ddc:330
    Repository Name: Wuppertal Institut für Klima, Umwelt, Energie
    Language: German
    Type: contributiontoperiodical , doc-type:contributionToPeriodical
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    Seismische Methoden in der Lagerstättenforschung (2022)
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 4 Z NAT 2176:16
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Der Beitrag gibt eine Einführung zur Entwicklungsgeschichte der Explorationsseismik.
    Description: report
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 622.1592 ; Geophysikalische Verfahren {Lagerstättenkunde} ; Geophysikalische Verfahren {Kohlenwasserstofflagerstätten} ; Explorationsseismik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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    Die Bedeutung der Stoff-Konstanten natürlicher Gesteine für Bauwesen, Geologie und Bergbau (2022)
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN I,1230:24
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Unter Heranziehen eigener Forschungsergebnisse und zahlreicher Einzelarbeiten aus den Gebieten Bauwesen, Geologie und Bergbau, wird auseinandergesetzt, wie sich aus der einfachen Werkstoffprüfung an Naturstein eine Arbeitsrichtung unter Zusammenfassung physikalischer, mechanischer, mineralogischer und geologischer Arbeitsmethoden entwickelt hat, die man als „Gesteinstechnik“ bezeichnen könnte. Wie für eine Baukonstruktion die Statik nicht ohne Kenntnis der Materialkonstanten ausgearbeitet werden kann, so sind andererseits unter Zuhilfenahme der Statik und der markscheiderischen Meßverfahren die Probleme des Gebirgsdruckes nur zu lösen, wenn — unter Beachtung der Stoffkonstanten der das Gebirge aufbauenden Schichten — die Gesetze der technischen Mechanik richtig angewendet werden. Der Modellversuch kann uns erst dann vorwärts bringen, wenn wir durch Kenntnis der Stoffkonstanten des Gebirges das Modell so aufbauen können, daß die einzelnen Teile im Maßstab wohl kleiner, aber im Verhältnis der Festigkeits- und Verformungseigenschaften wirklichkeitstreu sind. Bei sinnvoller Zusammenarbeit der naturwissenschaftlichen und technischen Richtungen, deren Gebiete hier angeschnitten wurden, können die wissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisse aus der Gesteinstechnik, angewandt auf praktische Fragen des Bauwesens, der Geologie und des Bergbaues, manches Problem der Lösung näherbringen.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 552.06 ; Technische Gesteinskunde ; Ingenieurgeologische Bewertung von Gesteinen und Sedimenten als Baugrund und Baustoff ; Geomechanik ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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    Festschrift Max Bauer zum siebzigsten Geburtstage gewidmet (2022)
    Schweizerbart'sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, Stuttgart
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN I, 1220:Beilage-Bd 39
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Die Festschrift zum siebzigsten Geburtstage des Mineralogen Max Bauer (1844-1917), langjähriger, unermüdlicher und unparteiischer Redakteur des Neuen Jahrbuchs und des Centralblatts für Mineralogie, Geologie und Paläontologie, enthält 22 Beiträge zur Mineralogie und Petrologie von seinen Mitarbeitern, Freunden und Schülern.
    Description: commemorativepublication
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 549 ; Festschriften {Mineralogie} ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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    Format: 568
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    Neue geologische Beobachtungen bei Stadtilm (2022)
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 Z NAT 2662:8
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Feinstratigraphische, tektonische und allgemein-geologische Beobachtungen werden mitgeteilt. Im Röt lassen sich noch nicht alle charakteristischen Horizonte von Ostthüringen nachweisen. Im unteren Muschelkalk wurde eine Anzahl der von Jena bekannten Horizonte neu ermittelt, u. a. die Bänke d2, d3, fi, f4, die Schichten mit Myo. incurvata, die untere und obere Querplattungszone. Für andere, wie den konglomeratischen Wellenkalk, die Oolithbank ß und f3 werden neue Fundstellen angegeben. Die Oolithbank a läßt sich nicht klar festlegen. Die Terebratelzone ist in der Gesamtmächtigkeit nicht konstant, die Schaumkalkbänke wechseln in Stärke und teilweise auch Ausbildung. Der untere Muschelkalk von Stadtilm entspricht der Ostthüringer Ausbildung weitgehend, doch machen sich Abweichungen in der Mächtigkeit einzelner Stufen geltend. Im mittleren Muschelkalk fallen örtlich Zellenkalke und -dolomite auf. In mm ist auch der Gips in den oberflächennahen Gebieten meist ausgelaugt, was sich morphologisch auswirkt. Ein Profil des Überganges nach mo1 wird beschrieben. In mo2 mangelt es an besseren Aufschlüssen. Der untere Keuper nimmt größere Gebiete als bisher bekannt ein und zeigt typische Gesteinsausbildungen, u. a. den Guthmannshäuser Kalk. Diluviale Ablagerungen der Ilm sind stellenweise ziemlich mächtig - Alluvialer Kalktuff ist verbreitet bei Kl.-Hettstedt. Einige tektonische Bilder aus der Eichenberg— Saalfelder Störungszone werden beschrieben. Die südliche Remdaer Störungszone reicht bis zum Ilmtal, die nördliche findet möglicherweise ihre Fortsetzung weit nach NW hin. Auch rheinisch verlaufende Störungen sind wahrscheinlich. Ursache für „Abgänge“ an Muschelkalkhängen ist die Gleitbewegung auf den liegenden wasserstauenden Schichten. Strudeltaschen sind im Muschelkalk recht häufig. Als Füllung solcher Taschen und anderer Spalten spielen u. a. Kalkspatausscheidungen eine Rolle, die lokal auch oberflächlich in auffallenden Resten erhalten sind.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 554.3 ; Thüringen {Geologie} ; Stadtilm ; Geologie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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    Ergebnisse geologischer Forschungen in Minas Geraes (Brasilien) (2022)
    Schweizerbart, Stuttgart
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN I, 1220:SondBd 2
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Minas Geraes gehört seit alten Zeiten zu den Gegenden der Erde, die wegen ihres Mineralreichtums allgemein berühmt waren. Weitaus die größte Zahl der Veröffentlichungen über dieses Land beschäftigt sich mit den Bodenschätzen, mit einzelnen Lagerstätten, mit besonders interessanten Mineralien, während nur sehr wenige Autoren sich mit dem geologischen Bau einzelner Landesteile befaßt haben. Die vorliegende Arbeit präsentiert die geologischen Ergebnisse von Forschungsreisen durch die Region in den 1920-ziger Jahren mit dem Ziel, eine Übersicht über die großen Zusammenhänge zu gewinnen und einen Rahmen zu schaffen, in den sich ältere und künftige Spezialuntersuchungen einfügen lassen.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 558 ; Brasilien und Uruguay {Geologie} ; Minas Geraes ; Geologie ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: map
    Format: 403, XXVII
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    Festband Reinhard Brauns (2022)
    Schweizerbart, Stuttgart
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN I, 1220:Beilage-Bd 64
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Der Festband zum siebzigsten Geburtstag des Mineralogen Reinhard Brauns (1861-1937) enthält 44 Beiträge zur Kristallographie, Mineralogie, Petrographie, Geochemie und Lagerstättenkunde von seinen Freunden und Schülern sowie dem Verlag.
    Description: commemorativepublication
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 549 ; 548 ; 552 ; 553 ; Festschriften {Mineralogie} ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: map
    Format: 850
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    Versteinerungen des Oberen Muschelkalks bei Ohrdruf als aufschlußreiche Dokumente für die Geschichte des deutschen Muschelkalkmeeres (2022)
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN II, 2650:5
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-02-28
    Description: Der Beitrag umfasst ein Referat über einige Versteinerungen des Oberen Muschelkalks bei Ohrdruf und soll ein Hinweis darauf sein, daß bestimmte Fossilien und gewisse Gesteinsformen in mo besonders aufschlußreiche Dokumente für die Geschichte des deutschen Muschelkalkmeeres sein können.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 560 ; Thüringen {Paläontologie} ; Trias {Stratigraphische Paläontologie} ; Oberer Muschelkalk ; Fossil ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
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