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  • Polymer and Materials Science  (3,775)
  • Chemical Engineering
  • 2015-2019  (1)
  • 1955-1959  (4,358)
  • 101
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 24-26 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 102
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. 202-204 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 103
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 17-23 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On the Anodic behavior of copper zinc alloys in sodium cyanide solutions IThe solubility of alloyed metal anodes is conditioned by the potential of the most not noble constituent of the alloy and the solubility of te cover primary formed on the surface of this constituent. Zinc and brass could be passivated much more easily tan copper. Both the constituents of the alloy react indepently just loke the pure metals. α + β bras is more active and can not be passivated as easily as α-brass. There are only gradual differences between the corrosion processes as well as between the reactions of anodic solution or passivation. The two metals dissolve one after the other and get passivated iin a process consisting of two steps. The voltage of the alloy shows the existence of a small depolarizing effect of teh metals upon one another.
    Notes: Die Löslichkeit von Legierungsanoden wird durch das Potential des unedelsten Bestandteiles der Legierung und die Löslichkeit der sich auf diesem Bestandteil primär ausbildenden Deckschicht bestimmt. Zink und Messing ist leichter zu passivieren als Kupfer. Beide Bestandteile reagieren in der Legierung unabhängig voneinander ähnlich wie die reinen Metalle, α + β-Messing ist aktiver und daher schwerer zu passivieren als α-Messing. Zwischen den Korrosionserscheinungen sowie den Vorgängen bei der anodischen Auflösung oder Passivierung der Legierungsanode bestehen nur graduelle Unterschiede. die beiden Metalle geben nacheinander in Lösung und werden in zwei Stufenprozessen passiv. Die Potentiale der Legierung zeigen eine geringe depolarisierende Wirkung der beiden Einzelmetalle aufeinander.
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  • 104
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    Weinheim [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 69-73 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Polythylene plastic pipesPipes of soft and hart polythylene (Supralen soft and supralen hard) are gaining increasing application in constructions for transport of aggressive liquids and gases because of their good properties especially owing to their resistance to corrosion. So this paper presents a general and up to date survey of the commercial types and their dimensions and of the physical (mechanical, thermal, electric, hydraulic, acoustic, optical properties) and corrosion chemical behavior as well as te installation and fitting of polythylene pipes.
    Notes: Rohre aus Weich- und Hartpolyäthylen (Supralen, weich und Supralen, hart) finden infolge ihrer guten allgemeinen und spezifischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere ihres ausgezeichneten korrosionschemischen Verhaltens, zunehmende Verwendung in Anlagen zur Förderung aggressiver Flüssigkeiten und Gase. Im Hinblick darauf gibt der vorliegende Fortschrittsbericht einen zusammenfassenden und zeitgemäßen Überblick über Lieferarten und Dimensionierung, über das physikalische (mechanische, thermische, elektrische, hydraulische, akustische und optische Eigenschaften) und korrosionschemische Verhalten sowie über die Verlegung und Verbindung von Polyäthylen-Plastikrohren.
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  • 105
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 74-76 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: On an method for removal of boiler scaleThe solid incrustations in boilers etc. are removed usually by application of certain acids at those places of the devices where the incrustations have been formed. It is wellknown that the aggressive effect of the acids upon cleaned metal surfaces could be prevented by an addition of certain substances with inhibitive effect which will say that these substances decrease or even prevent acid attacks. The peper contains a report on the inhibitive effect of the „Brindi“-resin and some theoretical conclusions drawn from the experimental results.
    Notes: Feste Steinbildungen in Kesseln usw. werden in neuerer Zeit bekanntlich da-durch beseitigt, daß sie in den Anlagen, in denen sie sich gebildet haben, durch bestimmte Säuren gelöst wurden. Es ist auch bekannt, daß die aggressive Wirkung der Säuren auf die Metallflächen, die unter den Steinbildungen liegen, wenn letztere aufgelöst sind, dadurch verhütet wird, daß der Säure bestimmte Stoffe zugesetzt werden, die als Inhibitoren wirken, d. h. den Säureangriff verringern oder u. U. ganz verhüten. Im vorliegenden Aufsatz ist die diesbezügliche Wirkung des „Brindiharzes“ als Inhibitor laboratoriumstechnisch festgestellt und versucht worden, aus den Ergebnissen einige theoretische Folgerungen zu ziehen.
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  • 106
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 96-97 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 107
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 98-99 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 108
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 104-106 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 109
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 114-114 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 110
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 115-116 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 111
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 116-116 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 112
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 113
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 121-122 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 114
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. 220-220 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 115
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. I 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 116
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955) 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 117
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. 221-222 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 118
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 299-301 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 119
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 302-305 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 120
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 313-313 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 121
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 315-315 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 122
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. X 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 123
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 345-345 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Will lead colors become dispensable?Minium is a theoreically ideal protective pigment whose application may be entrusted without any danger even to little trained personnel. Protective covers are formed in the minimum film which prevent underrusting. Its electrochemical effect upon the metallic surface is independent of the chemical properties of the binder. Iron wash primers free from lead may be applied only under certain conditons. New directions confirm that lead colors are indispensable.
    Notes: Die Bleimennige ist ein „theoretisch ideales“ Schutzpigment, dessen anwendung man völlig gefahrlos auch weniger geschulten Hilfskräften überlassen kann.  -  In ihrem Film bilden sich Schutzschichten, die die Unterrostung verhindern.  -  Ihre elektrochemische Einwirkung auf den metallischen Untergrund ist von der chemischen Natur des Bindemittels unabhängig.  -  Bleifreie Eisengrundiermittel sind nur bedingt anwendbar.  -  Neue Betriebsvorschriften bestätigen die Unentbehrlichkeit der Bleifarben.
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  • 124
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 357-360 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 125
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 369-370 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 126
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 99-101 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 127
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 114-114 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 128
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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  • 129
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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  • 130
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 116-116 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
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  • 131
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 117-117 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 132
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 122-123 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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  • 133
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 125-131 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: The Vanal Process A new Way to Protection against CorrosionThe Paper contains a description of a new method to protect the surface of fireproof building-materials against untimely corrosion at high temperatures. The protective effect depends on surface tension. So this principle has been applied to protection against corrosion for the first time. Suitably arranged protective covers prevent any penetration of gases and slags. The technological and economical advantages of this process especially by application of silicon carbide are explained by means of practical examples.
    Notes: Es wird ein neues Verfahren beschrieben, durch das die Oberflächen feuerfester Baustoffe vor vorzeitiger Korrosion bei hohen Temperaturen geschützt werden. Die Wirkung beruht auf dem Gesetz der Oberflächenspannung, das hierfür erstmalig angewandt wird. Durch entsprechend ausgerichtete Schutzschichten wird das Eindringen von Gasen und Schlacken verhindert. An Hand von Beispielen as der Praxis wird der technische und wirtschaftliche Vorteil dieses Verfahrens besonders bei Siliciumcarbid erläutert.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 170-170 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 240-240 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 244-244 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 448-448 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 587-596 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Description / Table of Contents: Corrosion in High-Temperature-BoilersExperiences with corrosion of highly heat resisting steels in high temperature boilers in Germany are discussed by means of the working 600° boilers after 40 000 h of operation. Steam scalling in pure steam is very low. As soon as steam will be solid noticeably corrosive attacks will become dangerous. According to the high standard to water treatment such effects could be prevented so that damages caused by the water must be considered unusual.Damages caused by smoke occured as soon as the flying ashes contained alkali sulfates. The area of damage will be there where a eutectic mixture of sulfates could melt. There are some measures how to prevent this corrosion.Steels containing vanadium may not be used above 600°C as vanadium scaling might occur which was learnt in burning oils containing vanadium.
    Notes: Die Erfahrungen über das Korrosionsverhalten der hochwarmfesten Stähle in Hochtemperaturkesseln werden in Deutschland an Hand der im Betriebe befindliche 600°-Kessel nach rd. 40 000-stündiger Betriebszeit besprochen. Die Dampfzunderung in reinem Dampf ist gering. Gefahren treten erst auf, sobald der Dampf merkbar verunreinigt ist. dieses läß sich bei dem heutigen hohen Stande der Wasseraufbereitung vermeiden, so daß Korrosionsschäden von der Wasserseite her als ungewöhnlich zu betrachten sind.Schäden von der Rauchgasseite her sind bekannt geworden, sobald in der Flugasche Alkalisulfate vorkommen. Der Schadensbereich liegt in erster Linie dort, wo ein Eutektikum der Sulfate zu schmelzen vermag. Es werden Wege angegeben, wie diese Korrosion zu vermeiden ist.Vanadinhaltige Stäle scheiden für Temperaturen oberhalb 600° aus, da dann dieselbe Vanadinzunderung auftreten kann, welche von der Verfeuerung vanadinhaltiger Öle her bekannt ist.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 610-614 
    ISSN: 0947-5117
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 629-631 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 6 (1955), S. 275-275 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 314-314 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 314-315 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 324-329 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Polyvinylchloride Plastik PipesPipes of polyvinylchloride (Supradur) are gaining increasing application in contructions for transport of aggressive liquids and gases because of their good properties especially owing to their resistance to corrosion. So this paper presents a general and up to date survey of the commercial types and their dimensions and of the physical and corrosion chemical behavior as well as the methods of installation and fitting of polyvinylchloride pipes.
    Notes: Rohre aus Polyvinylchlorid (Supradur) finden infolge ihrer guten allgemeinen und spezifischen Eigenschaften, insbesondere ihres ausgezeichneten Korrosionschemischen Verhaltens, zunehmende Verwendung in Anlagen zur Förderung aggressiver Flüssigkeiten und Gase. Im Hinblick darauf gibt der vorliegende Fortschrittsbericht einen zusammenfassenden und zeitgemäßen Überblick über Lieferarten und Dimensionierung, über das physikalische und korrosionschemische Verhalten sowie über die Verlegung und Verbindung von Polyvinylchlorid-Plastikrohren.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 349-352 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 385-389 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: Graphical representation of the theory of local cellsThe article is concerned with a graphical representation of the theory of local cells by means of the experimentally realized relation \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ e_1 - e_0 = i\frac{{{\rm W}_{\rm a} \cdot {\rm W}_{\rm k}}}{{{\rm W}_{\rm a} + {\rm W}_{\rm k}}} $$\end{document} respectively by a corresponding relation regarding the influences of alterations of polarization. e1 is the total voltage of the electrode bearing the local cell. The voltages of the local cell are cA and cK and its current is i. eo is the total voltage of the electrode at i = 0. Wa and Wk are the coefficients of resistance of the anodic and cathodic locations. Fig. 1. The diagram containing all the partial terms necessary to describe the properties of local cells results from the numerical relations between the constant terms c and W. Fig. 2. The author shows that you will be unable to construct the diagram on basis of the relation above mentioned only. In special cases only some of the partial terms mentioned are available. For the terms c and W depending on current density the diagram is given by curves resulting from a great number of experimental data.
    Notes: Der vorliegende Artikel verfolgt die graphische Darstellung der Konzeption von Lokalelementen auf Grund der experimentell zugänglichen Beziehung \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ e_1 - e_0 = i\frac{{{\rm W}_{\rm a} \cdot {\rm W}_{\rm k}}}{{{\rm W}_{\rm a} + {\rm W}_{\rm k}}} $$\end{document} bzw. einer entsprechenden Beziehung, in welcher Rücksicht genommen wurde auf die Polarisationsänderungen der Potentiale und Widerstände. ei ist das Gesamtpotential der Elektrode mit dem Lokalelement, dessen Potentiale εa und εk sind, bei einem Stromdurchgang i, eo ist das Gesamtpotential derselben Elektrode bei i = 0. Wa bzw. Wk sind die Widerstands-werte an der anodischen bzw. kathodischen Stelle (s. Abb. 1). Aus den rechnerischen Beziehungen, die für konstante Werte ε und W gelten, folgt das Diagramm, in welchem man alle Teilgrößen, die in der Konzeption der Lokalelemente vorkommen, wiederfinden kann (s. Abb. 2). Es wird darauf aufmerksam gemacht, daß die obenerwähnte Beziehung nicht zur Konstruktion dieses Diagramms genügt. Man muß jedoch zu diesem Diagramm kommen, wenn man für denselben Zweck in Sonderfällen einige der erwähnten Teilgrößen kennt. Bei den Größen ε und W, die stromabhängig sind, ist das entsprechende Diagramm durch Kurven gegeben, zu denen man eine gehörige Zahl Versuchsangaben kennen muß.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 410-414 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 430-430 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 444-444 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 444-444 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. XVI 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 574-579 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: On the Influence of Trace Elements on the Non Scaling Properties of High Temperature Resistent AlloysThe alloys which are employed at heat transport materials are noted out by more or less high contents of trace elements of which calcium and cerium are the most important ones. These additives cause a considerable improvement of the resistance to oxidation. The results of high temperature oxidation experiments of allosy with and without those quality improving additives are reported. The author shows that the effectivity of those elements is caused by an increased adhesiveness of the oxide layer which is formed during the high temperature glowing.The results of x-ray-photographic and spermicroscopic investigations on the problem of the formation of the oxide layers on ion-chrome-aluminium-alloys are published.
    Notes: Metallegierungen, die als Heizleiterwerkstoffe Verwendung finden, zeichnen sich durch einen mehr oder weniger hohen Gehalt an gewissen Spurenelementen aus, unter denen Calcium und Cer die bedeutendste Rolle spielen. Diese Zusätze bedingen eine erhebliche Verbesserung der Oxydationsbeständigkeit der Heizleiterlegierungen. Es wird über experimentelle Ergebnisse der Hochtemperatuorxydation solcher Legierungen mit und ohne qualitätserhöhende Zusätze berichtet und nachgweisen, daß der Effekt jener Elemente in der Verbesserung der Haftfestigkeit der sich während der Hochtemperaturglühung ausbildenden Oxydschicht zu suchen ist.Zur Frage der Oxydausbildung auf Eisen-Chrom-Aluminium-Legierungen werden röntgenographische und elektronenmikroskopische Ergebnisse mitgeteilt.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 596-602 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: New Methods of Iron Protection in SoilsThe conditions of formation of the active and passiv behavior of iron are given. The structure of the soil resp. the alteration of the capillar and noncapillar porosity play a decisive role. Then the factors like solid water, soil air, soil resistance and acidity which influence the corrosion processes in soils are discussed. The ratio soil water to soil air was found to be characterizing the corrosion of iron in soils. Every soil has a specific aggressivity which is determined by the water capacity of the soil.The authors gives further advices how to decrease the corrosion of iron in soils with and without cathodic protection, by addition of inhibitors and by preparing artificial airation cells.
    Notes: In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden zuerst die Bedingungen für das Zustandekommen eines aktiven bzw. passiven Verhaltens des Eisens gegeben, wobei Bodenstruktur bzw. Änderungen der kapillaren und nichtkapillaren Porosität des Bodens eine entscheidende Rolle spielen. Anschließend werden die die im Boden ablaufenden Korrosionsprozesse beeinflussenden Faktoren diskutiert, and zwar Bodenwasser, Bodenluft, Bodenwiderstand und Wasserstoffionen-Konzentration. Dabei wurde das Verhältnis, „Bodenwasser zu zu Bodenluft“ als maßgebender, die Eisenkorrison im Erdboden regulierender Faktor, gefunden. Jeder Boden besitzt eine spezifisches Aggressivität, die durch das Annahmevermögen des Bodens an Wasser bestimmt ist.In der Arbeit werden weiter Ratschläge für der Verminderung der Eisenkorrosion im Erdreich ohne und mit kathodischem Korrosionsschutz, durch Zusatz chemischer Hemmstoffe und durch Erzeugung eines künstlichen Belüftungselementes gegeben.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 603-606 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: Rubber for Protection against CorrosionA survey of the mechanic and chemical properties of protective materials, especially rubber vulcanizates, is followed by a description of the working and testing methods which explains the special requirements of DIN 28051 and 28055 to operating and designing engineers.Furthermore the properties of rubber plated pipes are compared with those of massive plastic pipes. Before the chemical behavior of protective rubber coverings is discussed in general the behavior of protective paints is treated. The applicability of synthetic elastomers could not be discussed in detail. As mentioned in the first part of the artidle they may not be judged on their chemical behavior only. Then the latest development of those plastic materials is commented which will show better resistance to oxidizing agents. They are interesting products of the oldest hard rubber manufactury which has been producing plastics for mroe than 50 years and which together with a French manufactory has been leading in development and introduction of hard an soft rubber coating since 1885.
    Notes: Nach einem Überblick über die mechanischen und chemischen Voraussetzungen von Korrosionsschutzmaterialien, insbesondere Kautschukvulkanisaten, werden Arbeits- und Prüfverfahren geschildert, die dem Betriebsmann und Konstrukteur von Apparatebauteilen die besonderen Anforderungen der DIN 28051 und 28055 erläutern.Ferner werden die Eigenschaften gummiplattierter Rohrleitungen denen von Massivrohrleitungen auf Kunststoffbasis gegenübergestellt. Bevor auf das allgemeine chemische erhalten von Schutzgummierungen eingegangen wird, wird das Verhalten von Anstrichen als Korrosionsschutz behandelt. Ohne im Detail auf die Einsatzmöglichkeiten synthetischer Elastomere, die, wie im ersten Tel des Aufsatzes hervorgehoben wird, keineswegs lediglich aus deren chemischen Verhalten beurteilt werden dürfen, einzugehen, werden kurz neuere Entwicklungen von Kunststoffen gestreift, die geeignet zu sein scheinen, die bestehende Lücke gegen stark oxydierende Medien zu schließen. Es sind besonders interessante Erzeugnisse des ältesten europäischen Hartgummi-Werkes, das seit über fünf Jahrzehnten auch andere Kunststoffe herstellt und das neben einer französischen Firma maßgeblich an der Einführung und Entwicklung der Hart- und Weichgummierungen seit 1885 beteiligt ist.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 634-640 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 649-649 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 656-656 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 651-656 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 669-673 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Investigations on the Influence of Oxygen upon Iron SurfacesThe behavior of solid and pyrophorus iron surfaces upon commercial and purified nitrogen and their tendencies to oxidation was investigated. Stroing both the materials in pure nitrogen the gas does not influence the tendency to oxidation as demonstrated by special glowing experiments. The decrease of pyrophority of iron powder being stored in commercial nitrogen is explained by the presens of traces of oxygen in the protective gas which cause a slow but undisturbed formation of an oxide layer.
    Notes: Hinsichtlich ihres Verhaltens gegenüber technischen und gereinigten Stickstoff und ihrer anschließenden Oxydationsneigung untersucht wurden kompakte eisenoberflächen und pyrophore Eisenpulver. Spezial-Glühversuche ergaben, daß bei der Lagerung beider Werkstoffe in Reinst-Stickstoff dieser selbst keinen Einfluß auf die Oxydationsneigung des Eisens ausübst. Die Verhinderung der Pyrophorität von Eisenpulver durch Lagerung in technischem Stickstoff wird auf eine langsam, feinbaulich geregelt aufwachsende Oxydschicht durch im Stickstoff vorhandene Sauerstoffspuren zurückgeführt.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 695-696 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 717-717 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 725-726 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 566-568 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 1-4 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: Synthetic Rubber Products for Protection against CorrosionIn the chemical and similar industries reaction vessels, pipe lines etc. are covered preferably by genuine or synthetic high polymers. The methods being used nowadays to achieve protection against corrosion are very numerous. The covers are made of buna, perbunan, neoprene, butyl rubber, hypalon and hycar. Covers of these materials can be vulcanized. They are resistant to sulfuric acid, acetic acid, potassium hydroxide, chlorine etc. The connection between metal and cover must be totally homogeneous. Otherwise serious interruptions of work might occur. The synthetic high polymers will have to be applied according to certain directions. The techniques of mixing and working and vulcanization are determining the quality of the covers.There are the brass, Dartex and Desmodur methods as well as the silicone covers and the hypalon cermections.Being vulcanised the densisity of the covers is tested by means of an inductive machine. The testing voltage amounts to 2000 volts corresponding to a spark gap of 20 mm.
    Notes: In der chemischen und den verwandten Industrieen werden Reaktionsgefäße, Rohrleitungen und dgl. vorzugsweise mit natürlichen oder synthetischen Hochpolymeren belegt. Die Verfahren, die beute als Korrosionsschutz angewendet werden, sind sehr mannigfaltig. Solche Schutzbeläge werden hergestellt:Aus Buna, Perbunan, Neoprene, Butylkautschuk, Siliconkautschuk, Hypalon, Hycar.Diese Beläge sind vulkanisierbar und beständig gegen:Schwefelsäure, Salzsäure, Flußsäure, Essigsäure, Kalilauge, Chlor usw.Die Verbindung zwischen Metall und Schutzbelag muß vollständig homogen sein, da sonst im Betrieb erhebliche Störungen auftreten können. Die synthetischen Hochpolymere müssen nach ganz bestimmten Vorschriften der Verarbeitung eingesetzt werden. Die Technik der Mischungen, die Verarbeitung und schließlich die Vulkanisation sind für die Güte der Beläge ausschlaggebend.Man kennt das Messingverfahren, das Dartex-Verfahren, das Desmodur-Verfahren, die Siliconbeläge und die Hypalon-Bindungen.Die fertigen Beläge werden nach der Vulkanisation mit einem Induktionsapparat auf Dichtigkeit geprüfl. Die Prüfung erfolgt bei 2000 V-Spannung, die etwa einer Funkenstrecke von 20 min entspricht.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 793-794 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 794-794 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 8 (1957), S. 795-795 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 65-68 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 73-75 
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    Description / Table of Contents: On the Inhibition of the Corrosion of Buried IronThere is a report on some laboratory experiments on the inhibition of the corrosion of buried iron. The results are explained by means of the influences of the physical properties of the soil upon the suppression of the iron corrosion by the inhibitors Na2CrO4, NaNO2 and sodium benzoate.The results allow to recommend the application of inhibitors for uncovered ironpipes.
    Notes: Es wird über Laboratoriumsversuche über die Inhibition der Eisenkorrosion im Boden berichtet. Die Versuchsergebnisse werden gemeinsam mit den physikalischen Eigenschaften des Bodens bezüglich der Unterbindung der Eisenkorrosion im Boden durch die Inhibitoren: Na2CrO4, NaNO2 und Na-benzoat ausgewertet. Auf Grund dieser Ergebnisse wird eine Empfehlung für die Verwendung von Inhibitoren für den Korrosionsschutz von blanken Eisenrohren im Erdreich gegeben.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 87-96 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 111-119 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 130-132 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 150-152 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 133-146 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
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    Description / Table of Contents: The Methods of Testing CorrosionFor a useful application of materials it is necessary to know their resistance to corrosion and the effects of the protective measurements. Corrosion tests in shop experience are very long termed and the condition of attack are influenced by difficulty attainable, natural modifications so that no reproducible results are gained. Laboratory experiments are necessary to characterize the chemical properties of materials under constant and reproducible conditions in shorter time. The conditions of testing must be adapted to those of practice if useful results shall be obtained.The atmosphere is the most important agent which influences the wear of materials. There is a description of several testing methods which have been developed to imitate climatic conditons. In every case it seems to be useful to indicate the resistance to corrosion not only from the results of a single testing method. Several methods working on different bases should be selected and according to their results you can apply the materials concerned.
    Notes: Für den zweckmäßigen Einsatz der Werkstoffe sind Angaben über seine Korrosionsbeständigkeit und gegebenenfalls auch über die korrosionsschützende Wirkung von Schutzverfahren nötig. Korrosionsversuche in der Praxis erfordern jedoch häufig sehr lange Zeiten und die Angriffsbedingungen sind vielfach einem natürlichen, schwer erfaßbaren Wechsel unterworfen, so daß keine reproduzierbaren Ergebnisse erhalten werden. Laboratoriumsversuche sind deshalb nötig, um die chemischen Eigenschaften der Werkstoffe in kürzeren Zeiten bei gleichartigen, reproduzierbaren Prüfbedingungen kennzeichnen zu können. Die Prüfbedingungen im Laboratorium müssen aber den praktischen Beanspruchungen angepaßt sein, wenn auswertbare Ergebnisse erhalten werden sollen.Eine der wichtigsten Beanspruchungen der Werkstoffe beim praktischen Gebrauch ist die Atmosphäre. Um klimatische Bedingungen im Laboratorium nachzuahmen, sind verschiedenartige Prüfverfahren entwickelt, die im einzelnen beschrieben werden. In jedem Falle erscheint es zweckmäßig, die Korrosionsbeständigkeit nicht nur auf Grund des Verhaltens eines Prüfverfahrens anzugeben, sondern mehrere Prüfverfahren mit unterschiedlichen Bedingungen zu wählen und nach den Ergebnissen dieser Prüfungen die Werkstoffe in der Praxis einzusetzen.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 340-341 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 341-341 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 341-341 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 186-194 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 152-158 
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    Description / Table of Contents: Fissile and Construction Metals in Atomic ReactorsWithout any undervaluation of previously achieved success, the beginning of the world wide commercializing of nuclear technics may be considered as to coincide with the first Geneva conference. Considering the first conference as a initial balance sheet of nuclear fission, the second conference would have been that of nuclear fusion. Using the same metaphor, all the following international meetings on those items will be interim balances demonstrating to which extent the ideas of 1955 and 1958 will have been realised and applied to the modern supply of energy without fossile fuels.Both the Geneva conferences showed the decisive importance of metallurgy for the future development of nuclear technics. It has to deal with the problem how to construct dependable and competitive devices within the range of our technical possibilities which comply with the requirements of theoretical physics.This and the following papers contain treatments on the materials under key words or headlines as follow: Summary of the materials used in atomic reactors, absorption of neutrons as a material constant, the geology of uranium and thorium, the chemistry and metallurgy of reactor materials and industrial isotope technics.
    Notes: Ohne die vorher erreichten Erfolge gering einschätzen zu wollen, fällt der eigentliche Beginn einer weltweiten Kommerzialisierung des Atoms mit der 1. Genfer Atomkonferenz zusammen. Wurde 1955 eine Art Eröffnungsbilanz' der Kernspaltung gegeben, hatte die 2. Konferenz des Jahres 1958 alle Merkmale einer Eröffnungsbilanz der Kernverschmelzung. Alle weiteren internationalen Veranstaltungen zum Thema Atom werden dann  -  um im Bilde zu bleiben  -  jeweils als Zwischenbilanzen demonstrieren, was von den 1955 und 1958 gesteckten Zielen im weltweiten Rahmen realisiert und in eine neue Energieversorgung ohne fossile Brennstoffe eingebaut werden konnte.Auf beiden Genfer Konferenzen trat die entscheidende Bedeutung der Metallurgie für die zukünftige nukleare Weiterentwicklung offen zutage. Ihr ist die Aufgabe gestellt, die von der theoretischen Physik oft weit vorausgesteckten Ziele auf dem Boden technischer Realitäten in betriebssichere und wettbewerbsfähige Konstruktionen umzuwandeln.In der vorliegenden und den folgenden Abhandlungen werden die werkstofflichen Perspektiven, soweit sie in Genf erkennbar waren, zur Darstellung kommen, und zwar unter folgenden Stichworten, die gleichzeitig Abschnittsüberschritte sind: Werkstoffbilanz der Atomreaktoren, Neutronenabsorption als Materialkonstante, Geologie des Urans und Thoriums, Chemie und Metallurgie der Reaktorwerkstoffe, industrielle Isotopentechnik.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 195-195 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 407-408 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 401-405 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 383-390 
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    Description / Table of Contents: The Rest Potentials and the Cathodic Polarizations of Active Chrome and a Chrome Iron Alloy in Sulfuric AcidThe cathodic polarization curves and the rest potentials of active chrome and a chrome iron alloy (25,6 pct chrome) were measured in dependance of the pH-value of the electrolyte. The behavior of the rest potential deviates from that of the hydrogen electrode. By means of the factors α and β they can be explained for the deposition of hydrogen as well as for the dissolution of metal. The equation of the rest potential is \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm V}_{\rm o} = {\rm B} - \frac{{0,058}}{{2\,\alpha + \beta }} \cdot {\rm p}_{\rm H} $$\end{document} where B is a constant factor. The sum 2 α - β is usually greater than 1.In the range of the pH-values investigated the cathodic polarization curves of the deposition of hydrogen are parallel. The exchange currents calculated from the logarithmic representation of the polarization curves rise with increasing concentration of the acid and increasing content of chrome in the alloy. The evaluation of the experimental results was carried out according to theroretical principles which had been applied successfully before.
    Notes: An aktivem Chrom und einer Eisen Chrom-Legierung mit 25,6%; Cr wurden in Abhängigkeit vom pH-Wert die Ruhepotentiale gemessen und kathodische Polarisationskurven aufgenommen. Die Ruhepotentiale zeigen ein gegenüber der reversiblen Wasserstoffelektrode abweichendes Verhalten, das mit Hilfe der Durchtrittsfaktoren α und ß für die H2-Entwicklung und für die Metallauflösung gedeutet werden kann. Es gilt für das Ruhepotential \documentclass{article}\pagestyle{empty}\begin{document}$$ {\rm V}_{\rm o} = {\rm B} - \frac{{0,058}}{{2\,\alpha + \beta }} \cdot {\rm p}_{\rm H} $$\end{document} mit B =const. Die Summe 2α+β ist in der Regel 〉 1.Die kathodischen Polarisationskurven der H2-Entwicklung verlaufen im untersuchten pH-Bereich parallel. Die aus der logarithmischen Darstellung ermittelten Ausgleichsströme, die der Korrosion entsprechen, steigen mit wachsender Säure-konzentration und mit wachsendem Cr-Gehalt der Eisen-Chrom-Legierung stark an. Die Auswertung der Versuchsergebnisse erfolgte nach den in letzter Zeit mit gutem Erfolg verwendeten kinetischen Ansätze.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 9 (1958), S. 409-409 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 255-259 
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
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    Description / Table of Contents: With the aid of a voltage diagram, definite ranges of potential differences can be determined each of them characterising special corrosion conditions for this metal. Above the minimum corrosion potential, titanium can be rendered chemically inactive by coating with a layer of titanium-hydride (hydride-passive condition). This condition is reached normally in the presence of strong cathodic polarisation only. Exceeding a critical potential difference, the metal becomes chemically active. Corrosion and hydrogen generation take place (normal corrosion in non-oxidising acids). Exceeding the critical P.D for passivity the metal is covered with an oxide layer which again renders it inactive, (oxide-passive condition). This is the condition responsible for the excellent corrosion-resisting properties of titanium in oxidising media. With relatively high potential differences which occur only by anodic polarisation and not in oxidising media, activation is again encountered in halogenide solutions(trans-passive condition). Titanium is attacked in the forms of scars. In solutions free from halides there is no corrosion at strong anodic polarisations. The different corrosion conditions on titanium in various ranges of P.D. are explained by characteristic examples.
    Notes: Es lassen sich für Titan verschiedene Potentialbereiche an Hand eines Strom-Spannungsdiagramms festlegen, innerhalb derer ein für das Metall jeweils charakteristisches Korrosionsverhalten besteht. Oberhalb des Immunitätspotentials wird Titan durch Bedeckung mit einer Titanhydridschicht passiv (hydrid passiver Zustand). Der hydridpassive Zustand wird normalerweise nur bei starker kathodischer Polarisation erreicht. Bei Überschreiten eines kritischen Potentials wird das Metall aktiv. Es tritt Korrosion unter Wasserstoffentwicklung ein (normale Korrosion in nichtoxydierenden Säuren). Bei Überschreiten des kritischen Passivierungspotentials wird das Metall von einer Oxydschicht bedeckt und dadurch erneut passiv (oxydpassiver Zustand). Der oxydpassive Zustand ist für die ausgezeichnete Korrosionsbeständigkeit des Titans gegenüber oxydierenden Medien verantwortlich. Bei relativ hohen Potentialen, die nur durch anodische Polarisation, nicht hingegen durch Oxydationsmittel erreicht werden, tritt in halogenidhaltigen Lösungen erneut Aktivierung ein (transpassiver Zustand). Titan wird narbenförmig angegriffen. In halogenidfreien Lösungen dagegen tritt bei starker anodischer Polarisation keine Korrosion ein. An Hand einer Reihe von charakteristischen Beispielen wird das unterschiedliche Korrosionsverhalten des Titans in den verschiedenen Potentialbereichen erklärt.
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 274-274 
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    Materials and Corrosion/Werkstoffe und Korrosion 10 (1959), S. 275-276 
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