Publication Date:
2017-04-04
Description:
In this paper, we describe the 1809 eruption of Mt. Etna, Italy, which represents one historical rare case in which it is possible to observe details of the internal structure of the feeder system. This is possible thanks to the presence of two large pit craters located in the middle of the eruptive fracture field that allow studying a section of the shallow feeder system. Along the walls of one of these craters, we analysed well-exposed cross sections of the uppermost 15–20 m of the feeder system and related volcanic products. Here, we describe the structure, morphology and lithology of this portion of the 1809 feeder system, including the host rock which conditioned the propagation of the dyke, and compare the results with other recent eruptions. Finally, we propose the dynamic model of the magma behaviour inside a laterally-propagating feeder dyke, demonstrating how this dynamic triggered important changes in the eruptive style (from effusive/Strombolian to phreatomagmatic) during the same eruption. Our results are also useful for hazard assessment related to the development of flank eruptions, potentially the most hazardous type of eruption from basaltic volcanoes in densely urbanized areas, such as Mt. Etna.
Description:
Published
Description:
1-11
Description:
2T. Tettonica attiva
Description:
2V. Dinamiche di unrest e scenari pre-eruttivi
Description:
3V. Dinamiche e scenari eruttivi
Description:
4V. Vulcani e ambiente
Description:
6A. Monitoraggio ambientale, sicurezza e territorio
Description:
N/A or not JCR
Description:
open
Keywords:
feeder dyke
;
basaltic volcanoes
;
flank eruptions
;
Etna
;
volcanic hazards
;
sill
;
volcanic rift
;
04. Solid Earth::04.04. Geology::04.04.09. Structural geology
;
04. Solid Earth::04.07. Tectonophysics::04.07.07. Tectonics
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.99. General or miscellaneous
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.03. Magmas
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.04. Thermodynamics
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.05. Volcanic rocks
;
04. Solid Earth::04.08. Volcanology::04.08.08. Volcanic risk
;
05. General::05.02. Data dissemination::05.02.03. Volcanic eruptions
Repository Name:
Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
Type:
article
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