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  • Articles  (14,065)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (7,119)
  • Life and Medical Sciences  (6,946)
  • LUNAR AND PLANETARY EXPLORATION
  • 2015-2019  (5)
  • 1985-1989  (9,707)
  • 1960-1964  (4,353)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New data on the structure and the growth of the osteoderms in the reptile Anguis fragilis L. (Anguidae, Squamata) (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Morphology 186 (1985), S. 327-342 
    Details
    ISSN: 0362-2525
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Light and electron microscopy shows the osteoderms of Anguis fragilis to be small, flat disks located in the dermis along the adult trunk: microradiography established the extent of the mineralization.Each osteoderm coincides exactly with an epidermal fold forming the keratinized scales characteristic of the skin of reptiles.Sections perpendicular to the surface show two mineralized layers differing in histological and histochemical characteristics and in fine structure, although both contain collagen fibrils. The structure of each layer can be related to that of the surrounding dermis.The outer superficial layer located in the loose dermis contains few collagen bundles that form a discontinuous sheet at the upper surface of the osteoderms. This superficial layer appears to be constituted of units separated by furrows and is composed of woven fibered bone.The basal plate comprises stratified lamellae formed of parallel-oriented collagen fibrils; the fibrils of successive lamellae lie at right angles. The densely packed collagen fibrils of the basal plate are distributed similarly to those of the dense dermis within which it lies. This layer exhibits structural and histochemical characteristics of a lamellar bone.The presence of two different layers in the osteoderms of Anguis fragilis may reflect their mode of formation, which consists of the deposit of mineral crystals in the preexisting dermal tissue. This mineralization process, considered as a “metaplastic ossification,” may reflect the potentiality retained by the dermis of reptiles to form mineralized structures.
    Additional Material: 28 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jmor.1051860309
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Enterocytic differentiation of a subpopulation of the human colon tumor cell line HT-29 selected for growth in sugar-free medium and its inhibition by glucose (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 122 (1985), S. 21-29 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: In order to study the effect of glucose on the differentiation of cultured human colon cancer cells, a subpopulation of HT-29 cells was selected for its capacity to grow in the total absence of sugar. These cells (GIc-cells) exhibit, after confluency, an enterocytic differentiation, in contrast to cells grown with glucose (Glc+ cells), which always remain undifferentiated. The differentiation is characterized by a polarization of the cell layer with apical brush borders and tight junctions, and by the presence of sucrase-isomaltase. The differentiation of Glc-cells is reversible: the addition of glucose to postcon-fluent cultures of Glc- cells results in an inhibiting effect on the expression of sucrase-isomaltase; switching growing cultures of Glc-cells to the Glc+ medium for several passages results in a progressive reversion to the undifferentiated state, which is completed after seven passages. The dedifferentiation process is associated with a parallel, passage-related, increase in the rates of glucose consumption and lactic acid production, and decreases of intracellular glycogen content, which return to the values of the undifferentiated original Glc+ cells. The values of these metabolic parameters are correlated, at each passage, with the degree of dedifferentiation of the cells. When these dedifferentiated cells, after having been cultured in Glc+ medium for 20 passages, are switched back to the Glc- medium, they readily grow without mortality, and reexpress the same enterocytic differentiation as the parent Glc- cells. These results show that the capacity of this subpopulation to grow and differentiate in the absence of sugar is a stable characteristic. They further suggest that glucose metabolism interferes with the program of differentiation of HT-29 cells.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041220105
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Neutral amino acid transport in embryonal carcinoma cells (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 122 (1985), S. 379-386 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Neutral amino acid transport was characterized in the pluripotent embryonal carcinoma (EC) cell line, OC15. Ten of the thirteen amino acids tested are transported by all three of the major neutral amino acid transport systems - A, L, and ASC - although one system may make a barely measurable contribution in some cases. The characterization of N-methyl-aminoisobutyric acid (meAIB) transport points to this model amino acid as a definitive substrate for System A transport by OC15 cells. Thus, high concentrations of meAIB can be used selectively to block System A transport, and the transport characteristics of meAIB represent system A transport. Kinetic analysis of System A, with a Km = 0.79mM and Vmax = 14.4 nmol/mg protein/5 min, suggests a single-component transport system, which is sensitive to pH changes. While proline transport in most mammalian cells is largely accomplished through System A, it is about equally divided between Systems A and ASC in OC15 cells, and System A does not contribute at all to proline transport by F9 cells, an EC cell line with limited developmental potential. Kinetic analysis of System L transport, represented by Na+-independent leucine transport, reveals a high-affinity, single-component system. This transport system is relatively insensitive to pH changes and has a Km = 0.0031 mM and Vmax = 0.213 nmol/mg protein/min. The putative System L substrate, 2-aminobicyclo-[2,2,1]heptane-2-carboxylic acid (BCH), inhibits Systems A and ASC as well as System L in OC15 cells. Therefore, BCH cannot be used as a definitive substrate for System L in OC15 cells. Phenyialanine is primarily transported by Na+ -dependent Systems A and ASC (83% Na+-dependent; 73% System ASC) in OC15 cells, while it is transported primarily by the Na+-independent System L in most other cell types, including early cleavage stage mouse embryos and F9 cells. We have also found this unusually strong Na+-dependency of phenyl-alanine transport in mouse uterine blastocysts (82% Na+-dependent). There is no evidence for System N transport by OC15 cells, since histidine is transported primarily by a Na+-independent, BCH-inhibitable mechanism.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041220307
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Lectin-induced blockage of developmental processes in preimplantation mouse embryos in vitro (1985)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Gamete Research 12 (1985), S. 275-290 
    Details
    ISSN: 0148-7280
    Keywords: lectins ; preimplantation mouse embryos ; glycoconjugates ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: This study attempts to assess the developmental importance of cell surface glycoconjugates of preimplantation mouse embryos. This was done by incubating early embryos in various lectins and analyzing subsequent development. If specific cell surface glycoconjugates (lectin receptors) are linked to specific developmental processes, such as cell division, compaction, and blastocyst formation, then different lectins should block these different developmental processes. The results show that wheat-germ agglutinin (WGA; N-acetyl-D-glucosamine-specific) at 50 μg/ml prevents the cell division of four-cell embryos. However, this effect of WGA occurs only in embryos with intact zonae pellucidae. Concanavalin A (Con A; α-D-glucose and α-D-mannose-specific) treatment, 20 μg/ml, of four-cell or early eight-cell embryos prevents compaction, the first major change in cell shape in early mouse embryogenesis. Divalent succinly Con A does not affect development, suggesting that the Con A effect is due to crosslinking of cell surface glycoconjugates. Exposure of four-cell or early eight-cell embryos to 10 μg/ml Lotus Tetragonolobus puprureas agglutinin (LTA; α-L-fucose-specific) or 25 μg/ml Limulus polyphemus agglutinin (LPA; sialic acid-specific) allows compaction or development to the morula stage, but blocks blastocyst formation. All lectins tested retard cell division to some extent. Late morulae and early blastocysts are more resistant than earlier stages to all of the lectins studied. This study demonstrates that very low concentrations of these lectins affect different developmental processes, presumably based upon their sugar specificities.
    Additional Material: 6 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/mrd.1120120306
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Entwicklung neuer Pflanzenschutzwirkstoffe (1989)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 19 (1989), S. 189-195 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Notes: Als im Jahre 1892 die Nonnenraupe (Lymantria monacha) weite Forstbestände des damaligen deutschen Kaiserreichs kahlzufressen drohte, kam Forschern erstmals der Gedanke, den Schädling mit Hilfe einer Chemikalie zu bekämpfen. Die Idee wurde sehr schnell in die Tat umgesetzt: Im gleichen Jahr kam Antinonnin, das erste chemische Insektenbekämpfungsmittel der Welt, auf den Markt. Gegen die meisten Schädlinge hatte man in diesen Tagen kaum eine Chance.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19890190604
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Stereo-imaging made easy (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 11 (1989), S. 174-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: A new stereo-imaging technique is described. This new technique uses both secondary electron and back scatter electron detectors simultaneously for imaging the fracture surfaces, pictures of which are used in stereo-imaging.
    Additional Material: 2 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060110215
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Das Experiment: Temperatureinflüsse auf das Verhalten von schwachelektrischen FischenMeinem väterlichen Freund Prof. Dr. Dr. h. c. Arthur Davis Hasler zum 80. Geburtstag am 5. Januar 1988 in Dankbarkeit gewidmet. (1988)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Biologie in unserer Zeit 18 (1988), S. 25-30 
    Details
    ISSN: 0045-205X
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology
    Additional Material: 5 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/biuz.19880180105
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Fortran source listing for simulating three-dimensional convergent beam patterns with absorption by the Bloch wave method (1989)
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Electron Microscopy Technique 12 (1989), S. 29-55 
    Details
    ISSN: 0741-0581
    Keywords: Electron diffraction ; Computer program ; Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Natural Sciences in General
    Notes: The FORTRAN source code is given for a computer program that calculates the two-dimensional intensity distribution in convergent-beam transmission electron microdiffraction (CBED) patterns from perfect crystals. The program uses the eigenvalue or Bloch-ware method. It allows three-dimensional dynamical diffraction, and so includes all higher-order Laue zone effects without approximation. No symmetry reduction is included. The program accepts noncentrosymmetric or centrosymmetric crystal structures and allows absorption corrections to be included. It uses the “EISPACK” subroutines for the diagonalisation of a general complex matrix. Up to 100 CBED disks may be included. The code is also available via “Bitnet”.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jemt.1060120105
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Polarographie der Tetrosen und die Anwendung der Polarographie beim Studium der Spaltung von 1.1-Bisalkylsulfonyl-pentose-enen-(1) (1962)
    Weinheim : Wiley-Blackwell
    Berichte der deutschen chemischen Gesellschaft 95 (1962), S. 2089-2094 
    Details
    ISSN: 0009-2940
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Inorganic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Erythrose wird in einer zweielektronigen Stufe an der Quecksilbertropfelektrode reduziert. Die pH-Abhängigkeit der Stufenhöhe wird durch pH-veränderliche Reaktionsgeschwindigkeit der Dehydratation der hydratisierten Form der Erythrose, welche in wäßrigen Lösungen überwiegt, erklärt. Die polarographischen Stufen der Tetrosen dienten zum Verfolgen der Abbaureaktionen von 1.1-Bis-alkylsulfonyl-pentose-enen-(1). Die Reaktionen sind erster Ordnung bez. Hydroxylionen.
    Additional Material: 4 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/cber.19620950835
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transforming growth factors type β1 and β2 are equipotent growth inhibitors of human breast cancer cell lines (1989)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Journal of Cellular Physiology 141 (1989), S. 353-361 
    Details
    ISSN: 0021-9541
    Keywords: Life and Medical Sciences ; Cell & Developmental Biology
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: At least one member of the TGF-β family, TGF-β1, has been previously shown to inhibit the anchorage-independent growth of some human breast cancer cell lines (Knabbe et al., 1987; Arteaga et al., 1988). Members of the TGF-β family might, therefore, provide new strategies for breast cancer therapy. We have studied the inhibitory effects of TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 on the anchorage-independent growth of the estrogen receptor-negative cell lines MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3, Hs578T, MDA-MB-468, and MDA-MB-468-S4 (an MDA-MB-468 clone not growth inhibited by EGF) and the estrogen receptor-positive cell lines MCF7, ZR-75-1, T-47D. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 caused a 75-90% growth inhibition of MDA-MB-231, SK-BR-3, Hs578T, and MDA-MB-468 cells and a 50% growth inhibition of ZR-75-1 and early passage (〈 100) MCF7 cells. T-47D cells responded to TGF-β only in serum-free conditions in the presence of IGF-1 or EGF. The growth of MDA-MB-468-S4 cells and late passage (〉 500) MCF7 cells was not inhibited by TGF-β1 or TGF-β2. TGF-β-sensitive MCF7 and MDA-MB-231 cells did not respond to Muellerian inhibiting substance (MIS), a TGF-β-related polypeptide. TGF-β1 and TGF-β2 were mutually competitive for receptor binding with a similar affinity (Kd 25-130 pM, 1,000-13,000 sites per cell). To determine the time course of the TGF-β effect, an anchorage-dependent growth assay was carried out using MDA-MB-231 cells. Growth inhibition occurred at 6 days, and cell-cycle changes were seen 12 hr after the addition of TGF-β. Cells accumulated in the G1 phase and were thus inhibited from entering the S-phase. These data indicate that TGF-β is a potent growth inhibitor in most breast cancer cell lines and provide a basis for studying TGF-β effects in vivo.
    Additional Material: 8 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/jcp.1041410217
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