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  • Articles  (5)
  • room fires  (5)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1985-1989  (5)
  • 1975-1979
  • 1945-1949
  • 1940-1944
  • Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying  (5)
  • Sociology
  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Protecting fire fighters exposed in room fires: Comparison of results of bench scale test for thermal protection and conditions during room flashover (1988)
    Springer
    Fire technology 24 (1988), S. 5-19 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: burn injury ; escape time ; fire fighters ; flashover ; heat flux ; room fires ; thermal protection ; protective clothing ; turnout coats
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract Heat flux conditions measured in seven room fires are discussed. The conditions varied from just below flashover in a sparsely furnished bedroom to flashover and severe postflashover fire in a typically furnished recreation room. These heat flux conditions are compared with the protection level provided by fire fighter turnout coats conforming to NFPA 1971,Protective Clothing for Structural Fire Fighting. This standard requires that the turnout coat or pants assembly must protect the wearer against second degree burns when a heat flux of 84 kW/m2 (2 cal/cm2.s) is applied to its outside surface for a minimum of 17.5 seconds [“thermal protective performance (TPP) of 35”]. The results imply that fire fighters have only ten seconds or less to escape under most flashover conditions. However, the turnout coats provide good protection in many other fire situations. Practical definitions for flashover are given, and possible means for making the TPP test more relevant for research and development work are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01039637
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Slide rule estimates of Fire Growth (1985)
    Springer
    Fire technology 21 (1985), S. 267-292 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Calculators ; computer programs ; fire growth ; fire models ; room fires
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract A series of prediction methods has been assembled to provide an analytical basis for estimating fire growth in compartments. Solutions for each prediction method can be made using programmable scientific calculators. Prediction methods are presented for: fire size and growth rates, mass loss rates, radiant heat flux, flame height, radial flame impingement, heat flux to a ceiling, smoke filling of a room, carbon monoxide hazard with smoldering fires, temperature rise in a compartment, ventilation flow rate, flashover occurrence, corridor smoke transfer and filling, smoke concentration, visibility, flame spread rates, and fire burn time. These predictive methods are useful for estimating many of the critical elements related to fire behavior and help provide a better understanding of this complex phenomenon. This report appears as Appendix B inFire Growth in Combat Ships by J. G. Quintiere, H. R. Baum and J. R. Lawson, NBSIR 85-3159.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103584
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    ASET-B: A room fire program for personal computers (1985)
    Springer
    Fire technology 21 (1985), S. 293-309 
    Details
    ISSN: 1572-8099
    Keywords: Compartment fires ; computer programs ; evacuation ; fire growth ; manuals ; mathematical models ; room fires ; smoke
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying
    Notes: Abstract ASET-B, a personal computer program for predicting the fire environment in a single room, is presented. ASET-B solves the same differential equations as the previously developed computer program, ASET (Available Safe Egress Time), using a simpler numerical technique. ASET-B requires as input the height and area of the room, the elevation of the fire above the floor, a heat loss factor, and a fire specified in terms of heat release rate. The program predicts the thickness and the temperature of the hot smoke layer as a function of time. ASET-B is written in BASIC and is not subject to copyright. This paper describes the program and its use. Included are a listing of the program, program variable name listing and a sample run. A discussion of user modifications also is given.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01103585
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evaluation of quarter-scale compartment fire modeling for constant and stepped heat inputs (1987)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 11 (1987), S. 179-190 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: compartment fires ; fire growth ; flashover ; full-scale tests ; interior finish ; physical models ; room fires ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: Quarter-scale tests of ten full-scale room fire tests were conducted by using an existing scaling technique developed at the National Bureau of Standards. Test results confirmed earlier studies which showed that, under constant fire exposure conditions, quarter-scale room testing ranked interior finish materials in the same order as did full-scale tests based on their times to achieve room flashover. In general, quarter-scale tests were less severe and took longer to reach peak room fire buildup because of a lower convective and radiative heat transfer in the quarter-scale room. These tests also generated more CO per unit mass of material and experienced lower combustion efficiencies than did their corresponding full-scale tests.
    Additional Material: 10 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810110404
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Some factors influencing fire spread over room linings and in the ASTM E-84 tunnel test (1985)
    New York, NY [u.a.] : Wiley-Blackwell
    Fire and Materials 9 (1985), S. 65-74 
    Details
    ISSN: 0308-0501
    Keywords: Correlations ; flame spread ; flammability tests ; energy release rate ; room fires ; Chemistry ; Polymer and Materials Science
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Architecture, Civil Engineering, Surveying , Mechanical Engineering, Materials Science, Production Engineering, Mining and Metallurgy, Traffic Engineering, Precision Mechanics
    Notes: An examination of the correlative relationship between room fire intensity (temperature) and flammability data for materials, ASTM E-84 flame ratings and energy release rate from calorimertry devices is presented for fire spread on lings. The results of the analysis show the significance of two modes of flame spread - wind-aided and opposed-flow spread. The factors important in these spread modes are considered from approximate solutions developed for turbulent flow. As the importance of energy release rate to flame spread in the tunnel test (E-84) and in upward or wind-aided spread is illustrated. The results suggest a possible reason why the ASTM E-84 and in upward or wind-aided spread is illustrated. The results suggest a possible reason why the ASTM E-84 ratings may not be applicable to the performance of low-density combustible linings in wall fires. In the analyses, flame radiation has not been considered. Also the interpretation of energy release rate data for difference scale and orientation effects has been ignored. These two factors must ultimately be addressed.
    Additional Material: 7 Ill.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/fam.810090203
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