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  • Analytical Chemistry and Spectroscopy  (7,072)
  • Organic Chemistry  (4,558)
  • Inorganic Chemistry  (3,618)
  • Deutschland
  • 2015-2019  (49)
  • 1990-1994  (15,216)
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  • 1
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inst. f. Physische Geographie, FU, Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:47
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Inhaltsverzeichnis : EHLERS, J. & MENSCHING, H.: Küstenversatz und Prielverlagerungen an der Nordseeküste. S. 9-22 ; FRÄNZLE, O.: Periglaziäre Formung der Altmoränengebiete Schleswig-Holsteins. S. 23-35 ; HEMPEL, L.: Rezente und fossile Mesoformen der Abtragung und Aufschüttung in Ausräumen von Schichtkammlandschaften im Teutoburger Wald. S. 37-47 ; LEHMEIER, F.: Zum Formenschatz der Schichtkammlandschaft im Niedersächsischen Bergland. S. 49-61 ; GARLEFF, K., BRUNOTTE, E. & STINGL, H.: Fußflächen im zentralen Teil der Hessischen Senke. S. 63-76 ; MÖLLER, K.: Das Eschweger Becken und seine Randbereiche — Ergebnisse geomorphographischer und hydrochemischer Analysen. S. 77-92 ; GLATTHAAR, D.: Vertikalbewegungen und ihre Bedeutung für die Formenentwicklung im Westerwald. S. 93-106 ; MÜLLER, M.J.: Periglaziärfluviale, solifluidale und abluale Formung im westlichen Hunsrück und am Ostrand der Trier-Bitburger Mulde. S. 107-118 ; BARSCH, D. & MÄUSBACHER, R.: Zur fluvialen Dynamik beim Aufbau des Neckarschwemmfächers. S. 119-128 ; LESER, H.: Schichtstufen und Talrandstufen in Südwestdeutschland. S. 129-147 ; FARRENKOPF, D.: Relief und Wasserhaushalt im Eyachtal, Nordschwarzwald. S. 149-154 ; LESER, H. & METZ, B.: Vergletscherungen im Hochschwarzwald. S. 155-175 ; HABBE, K.A.: Was kann eine geomorphologische Vollkartierung für die Stratigraphie des Quartärs leisten? S. 177-196 ; RATHJENS, C.: Jungglaziale Formung und spätglazialer Eisabbau im Chiemgau. S. 197-205 ; FISCHER, K.: Die würmzeitliche und stadiale Vergletscherung der Berchtesgadener Alpen. S. 207-225 ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910.02 ; Deutschland ; Geologie ; Geomorphologie ; Glazial ; Gletscher ; Küste ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 2
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Im Selbstverlag des Institutes für Physische Geographie der Freien Universität Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | FB 23640:2
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Zur Vereinfachung wird die Vielfalt der Karstformenbezeichnungen bereinigt. Erdfall wird als Form, die in nicht verkarstungsfähigen Serien liegt, aber auf Tiefensubrosion zurückgeht, der Doline, einer Form, die in verkarstungsfähigem Material liegt, gegenübergestellt. Als Grundlage der Arbeit wurde eine detaillierte Kartierung der Auslaugungsformen durchgeführt. Hinsichtlich rezenter Subrosion erwies es sich als notwendig, die in Oberflächenwässern und wasserwirtschaftlich erfaßten Wässern gelösten Bestandteile von Chlorid, Sulfat und Karbonat zu ermitteln. Die Auswertung der gewonnenen Daten zeigt, daß ein Zusammenhang mit Gebieten besteht, die durch aktuelle Erdfälle und Dolineneinbrüche gekennzeichnet sind. Als Voraussetzung zur Reliefgenese gilt, daß das Gebiet des Unterwerra-Sattels entscheidend durch die saxonische Gebirgsbildung an der Wende Jura/Kreide und die nachfolgende klimageomorphologische Entwicklung geprägt ist. Anhand der geomorphographischen Analyse wird der Einfluß der Salz-, aber auch der Sulfatauslaugung auf die Landschaftsgenese belegt. Die Auslaugung des Salzes (Nal), dessen Mächtigkeit im Untersuchungsgebiet mit mindestens 120 m angenommen wird, und der unterlagernden ca. 130 m nächtigen Zechsteingipse (A 1 - A 3) zerrüttet die überlagernden triassischen Schichten weiter. Darüber hinaus wirkt die Subrosion von mehr als 30 m Rötgipsen und 50 m Gipsen des Mittleren Muschelkalkes im Hangenden des Zechsteins reliefformend. Die ermittelten Ergebnisse - rezente und subrezente Formen, Lösungswerte – werden zunächst in kleineren Gebietseinheiten analysiert. Die Ergebnisse der Nasseranalysen bestätigen das geomorphographische Ergebnis, so daß in Anlehnung an die Gipshorizonte von Stockwerkssubrosion gesprochen werden kann. Entscheidend geprägt ist die heutige Situation jedoch durch vorangegangene Zechsteinsalzauslaugung im tieferen Untergrund. Diese hat in den Hangendserien die Wasserwegsamkeit verstärkt, so daß die nachfolgende Sulfatsubrosion den Kleinformenschatz vor der Schichtstufe des Mittleren Buntsandsteins steuern konnte. Aufgrund ihrer für Auslaugungsgebiete typischen Ausprägung wird die Lage der Schichtstufe in weiten Teilen des Untersuchungsgebietes an das in Auslaugung befindliche Salz geknüpft. Das Auftreten von Subrosionsformen vor der Landstufe des Kaufunger Waldes, den östlichen Meißnerhängen, dem Anstieg des Schlierbachswaldes sowie vor dem Anstieg des Buntsandsteins zwischen Heldra, Frieda und Bad Sooden-Allendorf untermauert diese Interpretation. In der südlichen und südöstlichen Umrahmung des Untersuchungsgebietes wird der Salzhang aufgrund geomorphographischer Kriterien unter dem Steilanstieg des Unteren Muschelkalkes ausgewiesen. Aufgrund dieser Befunde wird die primäre Salzverbreitung als über den Unterwerra-Sattel reichend angenommen, womit sich, abgesehen von den Einflüssen der saxonischen Tektonik, alle Reliefentwicklungsprozesse allein durch Auslaugung und folgende geomorphologische Überprägung erklären lassen. Darüber hinaus ist dieses Gebiet in Nordhessen nicht nur durch eine über alle Schichten hinweggreifende Rumpfflächenbildung gekennzeichnet, sondern die Resistenzunterschiede wurden - unabhängig vom Klima - beständig herausgearbeitet. Aus diesen Ergebnissen wurde ein übergeordnetes Modell zur Reliefentwicklung erstellt. Danach existieren im Untersuchungsgebiet fünf Reliefgenerationen, wobei die postsaxonische Reliefentwicklung mit zerstörtem, die Auslaugung begünstigendem Hangendverband nach der Landhebung bzw. dem Einbruch der das Gebiet begrenzenden Grabenstrukturen, die bis ins Alttertiär reicht, nicht erfaßt werden konnte. [...]
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910.02 ; Hessisch-thüringisches Bergland {Geologie} ; Morphogenese einzelner Regionen {Geomorphologie} ; Deutschland ; Hessen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 196
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  • 3
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Im Selbstverlag des Institutes für Physische Geographie der Freien Universität Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:60
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurden Ergebnisse hydrologischer und stratigraphischer Studien zur Entwicklungsgeschichte von Brandenburger Kesselmooren vorgestellt. Für die Erfassung der aktuellen und historischen biotischen und abiotischen Standortfaktoren wurden verschiedene Methoden angewandt: floristische und vegetationskundliche Untersuchungen sowie hydrologische, hydrochemische, geochemische, geophysikalische und sedimentologische Untersuchungen und Makrorest-‚ Mikrorest- und Pollenanalyse. Der zeitlichen Einordnung der entwicklungsgeschichtlichen Prozesse dienten Radiocarbondatierungen und die pollenanalytischen Untersuchungen. Ziel der Arbeit war es, Entwicklungsstadien auszuscheiden, die von den untersuchten Mooren seit ihrer Entstehung durchlaufen wurden. Aufgrund der stratigraphischen Untersuchungen wurden Aussagen zur Beckengenese und zu den einzelnen See- und Moorentwicklungsphasen getroffen, zum Verlandungsvorgang, zu Moorbildungsbedingungen und Sukzessionsstadien. Den Entwicklungsstadien konnten über geochemische und -physikalische Untersuchungen abiotische Standortfaktoren zugeordnet werden. Die aktuellen Standortveränderungen wurden erfaßt und die vorgenommenen Erhaltungs- und Wiedervernässungsmaßnahmen dokumentiert und bewertet.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Teilfragen zu Brandenburg {Geographie} ; Moorkunde {Geomorphologie} ; Ostdeutschland, Berlin, Brandenburg {Hydrologie} ; Moorkunde {Geologie} ; Brandenburg ; Kessel-Moor ; Stratigraphie ; Hydrologie ; Geschichte ; Hochschulschrift ; Deutschland ; C/N ; Moor ; Pollen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 159
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  • 4
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203:10
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält 63 Artikel zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, zu magnetischen und elektrischen Feldern der Erde, zu der Physik der Atmophäre und der angewandten Geophysik veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in dem Jahr 1934.
    Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0006.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Karl Mack †〈/a〉〈br〉(Hiller, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Die südalbanischen Erdbeben 1930/31〈/a〉〈br〉(Nowack, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0009.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gräfe, H., v. zur Mühlen, W., Müller, H. K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Horizontalsicht bei örtlich veränderlicher Trübung und Beleuchtung〈/a〉〈br〉(Steinhäusser, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H., Köhler, R., Berroth, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Beitrag zur Berechnung von Minimum-Stabpendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Zur Theorie elastischer Pendel mit besonderer Berücksichtigung des Holweck-Lejayschen Stabpendels〈/a〉〈br〉(Graf, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Eine neue Methode für sehr präzise magnetische Messungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Koulomzine, T., Bondaletoff, N.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0022.pdf"〉Zur Frage der mit dem temperaturkompensierten Magnetsystem erreichbaren Meßgenauigkeit〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohl, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Die Höhenverteilung der Erd-, Luft- und Höhenstrahlung〈/a〉〈br〉(Suckstorff, G. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Erdstrahlungsmessungen in Bad Nauheim nach der Gammastrahlenmethode〈/a〉〈br〉(Masuch, V.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0025.pdf"〉Referate〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0026.pdf"〉Abschnitt〈/a〉〈br〉(Angenheister, G., Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0027.pdf"〉Hergesell geb. 29. Mai 1859〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Hecker geb. 21. Mai 1864〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Sprengungen zur Forschungszwecken mit Unterstützung der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Beiträge zu den Luftschallmessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O., Martin, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0039.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen des Geophysikalischen Instituts in Göttingen〈/a〉〈br〉(Regula, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Berechnung der Laufzeitkurven des anormalen Schalles für windstille Atmosphäre und Vergleich mit der Laufzeitkurve der Oldebroek-Sprengung vom 15. Dezember 1932〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Ergebisse der Registrierungen von Schallwellen an kreisförmig um den Sprengherd angeordneten Stationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Duckert, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0044.pdf"〉Beobachtungsergebnisse über den Einfluß der "akustischen Umkehrschicht" auf die Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Zur Frage der anomalen Schallausbreitung〈/a〉〈br〉(Kölzer, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0046.pdf"〉Schalluntersuchungen im Polargebiet〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Betrachtungen über ebene Pendel〈/a〉〈br〉(Hahnkamm, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Außenraum und Innenraum (Schlichtung des Streites um die Schwerkraftreduktion)〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den Geoiden von Ackerl und Hirvonen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ledersteger, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Auto-Radio als Hilfsmittel geologischer Kartierung〈/a〉〈br〉(Cloos, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Zur photographischen Registrierung von Stationsseismometern〈/a〉〈br〉(Meißer, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Ein Horizontalseismometer für die Aufzeichnung von starken Orts- und Nahbeben〈/a〉〈br〉(Critikos, N. A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Die Bedeutung der Unstetigkeiten im Verlauf der Schallgeschwindigkeit mit der Höhe für die normale und anomale〈/a〉〈br〉(Sandmann, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Die Relativität der Undulationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Hopfner, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0062.pdf"〉Ein detonierendes Meteor über dem Weserbergland am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Hartmann, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Der Meteorfall bei Stadt Rehburg am 2. Januar 1934〈/a〉〈br〉(Trommsdorff, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0064.pdf"〉Vergleich zwischen der Intensität der kosmischen Ultrastrahlung über Grönland und über Deutschland〈/a〉〈br〉(Wölcken, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0065.pdf"〉Das Grundeis〈/a〉〈br〉(Jakuschoff, P.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Le problème des microséismes et le déferlement des vagues〈/a〉〈br〉(Gherzi, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Note on the Hayford-Bowie tables for calculation 〈i〉g〈/i〉〈/a〉〈br〉(Bullard, E. C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Kann die Laplacesche Differentialgleichung für das Schwerkraftpotential auch innerhalb der Erdkruste als erfüllt angesehen werden?〈/a〉〈br〉(Grabowski, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Der geophysikalische Nachweis des Zechsteindolomits〈/a〉〈br〉(Müller, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Vorträge, gehalten auf der XI. Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft, am 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(von Seidlitz, W., Sieberg, A., Linke, F., Gerlach, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Zur Frage der Geländekorrektion bei Drehwaagemessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Tuchel, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0080.pdf"〉Emanation in Boden- und Freiluft〈/a〉〈br〉(Israël, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Die Energie der Heliokathodenstrahlen in ihrer Beziehung zur fortschreitenden Bewegung der Elektronen in den Polarlichtstrahlen〈/a〉〈br〉(Rudolph, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0082.pdf"〉Weitere Untersuchungen mit dem Sanford-Elektrometer〈/a〉〈br〉(Stoppel, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Das Strömungssystem der Luft über Mogadischu〈/a〉〈br〉(Bossolasco, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0084.pdf"〉Messungen mit transportablen statischen Schweremessern〈/a〉〈br〉(Schleusener, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0086.pdf"〉Über den Energietransport bei der Sprengseismik〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Schmidt, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0087.pdf"〉Formen der Bodenschwingung bei sinusförmiger Anregung〈/a〉〈br〉(Köhler, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Die Ausbreitungsgeschwindigkeit sinusförmiger elastischer Wellen im Boden〈/a〉〈br〉(Ramspeck, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Referate und Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Haase, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Bericht über die elfte Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft vom 13. bis 15. September 1934 in Bad Pyrmont〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0091.pdf"〉Berichtigung〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0093.pdf.pdf"〉Register der Geophysikalischen Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href=" https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0010/LOG_0094.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Dezember 1934〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Geomagnetismus ; Magnetismus ; Seismik ; Atmosphäre ; Gravitation ; Wellen ; Ionosphäre ; Strahlung ; Radioaktivität ; Erdbeben ; Waves ; Deformation ; Pendel ; Boden ; Deutschland ; Grönland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English , French
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 5
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    Jena G. Neuenhahn, G.m.b.H., Universitäts-Buchdruckerei
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN III, 8552:3
    Publication Date: 2021-07-16
    Description: Deutschlands Erdbebentätigkeit pflegt unterschätzt zu werden, weil sie gewöhnlich so harmlos erscheint. Zwar bringt der Jahresverlauf nur wenige Beben, abgesehen von gelegentlichen Schwärmen mit vielen hunderten von Einzelstößen, wie sie besonders dem Vogtland eigentümlich sind. Zudem handelt es sich dabei vorwiegend um schadlose Erderschütterungen, die kaum Beobachtung finden. Aber der Fachmann kennt daneben auch bis in die neueste Zeit hinein Erdbeben mit erheblichen Schäden und selbst Zerstörungen, die für längere Zeit das öffentliche Leben völlig beherrscht haben; mitunter wurde fast Großbebencharakter erreicht.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.2 ; Seismologie {Geophysik} ; Wissenschaftsorganisation und -pflege {Geophysik} ; Erdbeben ; Seismologie ; Deutschland ; Schwarmbeben ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 12
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  • 6
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    Akad. Verl.-Ges., Leipzig
    In:  SUB Göttingenr | 8 MIN III, 8549:23
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Die nachstehenden neueren Untersuchungen auf verschiedenen Gebieten geophysikalischer Forschung, die von Mitgliedern der Reichsanstalt für Erdbebenforschung in Jena durchgeführt sind, wurden erstmalig in der Festschrift zum 70. Geburtstage des früheren Direktors der Reichsanstalt, Herrn Geheimrat Professor Dr. Oskar Hecker (Beitrage zur Angewandten Geophysik, Band 4, Heft 3, Leipzig 1934) veröffentlicht. Sämtliche Arbeiten, ausgenommen diejenigen von Krumbach, gehören zu den von der Notgemeinschaft der Deutschen Wissenschaft unterstützten geophysikalischen Forschungen. A. Sieberg
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.22 ; Geophysik ; Seismologie {Geophysik} ; Deutschland ; Seismik ; Pendel ; Schweremessung ; Erdbeben ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 7
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Am Beispiel des "Leegmoores" im Timpemoor - einem ehemaligen "Heidemoor" - wurde auf Grund von boden- und moorkundlichen Untersuchungen sowie von landeskundlich-historischen Recherchen die Entwicklung der Heidemoore überprüft. Dazu wurden erstmalig die flächenhaften Verluste an Moorsubstanz durch - wiederholte Moorbrandkultur, - Entnahme von Heidesoden (Abplaggen) und - Winderosion qualitativ und quantitativ erfaßt, dazu die Moorsackung errechnet. Aus den vorhandenen moorkundlichen Fakten konnte das natürliche Moorrelief des Timpemoores rekonstruiert werden. Die Autoren weisen nach, daß die von JONAS (1934, 1935) beschriebenen Heidemoore "durch den Menschen beeinflußte Moore" darstellen. Das untersuchte Timpemoor hat sich danach im Verlauf mehrerer Jahrhunderte aus einem natürlichen gewölbten Hochmoor gebildet.
    Description: On the basis of pedological, peatland and historical investigations the origin of raised bogs with heather vegetation ("Heidemoore")was examined at the example "Leegmoor", a part of the "Timpemoor". In addition to that for the first time the loss of peat substance by - burnt-over peatland cultivation, - cutaway heather sods, - erosion by wind and - bog subsidence was calculated. With the available peatland facts it was possible to reconstruct the natural bog relief. The authors are able to demonstrate that the "Heidemoore" described by JONAS (1934, 1935) are bogs influenced by man. During the last centuries the Timpemoor developed from a natural raised bog (with convex centre) to a raised bog with heather vegetation.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 553.21 ; bog ; Deutschland ; Germany ; Hochmoor ; land-use ; mire ; Moor ; Niedersachsen ; palaeoenvironment ; peat mining ; peatland ; Torfabbau ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article_digi
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  • 8
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    Reimer, Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | 4 Z GEOGR 107:3
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Vergleichende Darstellung und Analyse der Arbeitsvorgänge in den Agrarlandschaften der Erde. Dieser Aufgabe unterzieht sich in einem ersten Schritt die vorliegende Studie. Sie strebt an, mit der Darstellung und Analyse des jährlichen Arbeitsvorganges die bisher wenig berücksichtigte dynamische Seite der Agrarlandschaft – ihre Rhythmik nämlich – in exakter Weise erfassen zu können. Im Vordergrund steht zunächst weniger die regionale als vielmehr die sachliche Erörterung, auf der Beispielsgrundlage jedoch einer regionalen Kontrastierung innerhalb Deutschlands bzw. aus naheliegenden Gründen der Bundesrepublik Deutschland. Späteren großräumigen Untersuchungen erst kann es vorbehalten sein, von der hier geschaffenen Plattform aus auf eine speziell regionale Betrachtungsweise überzugehen.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 910 ; Kulturgeographie der Bundesrepublik Deutschland ; Agrar- und Forstgeographie {Wirtschaftsgeographie} ; Agrarlandschaft ; Arbeitsvorgang ; Deutschland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 129
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  • 9
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    Gustav Fischer Verlag Jena
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 MIN III, 8549:12
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: An der Hand von Erdbeben, die im Boden Deutschlands entstanden sind, sollen folgende Fragen untersucht werden: 1) Die Wirkungsweise der einzelnen Bebenherde, von denen anzunehmen ist, dass sie verschiedenartige Charaktereigenschaften haben. Hierfür ist es notwendig, festzustellen einmal Lage und geometrisches Bild des Herdes als geologische Störungsstelle, andererseits den das Erdbeben auslösenden Bewegungsvorgang in der Herdstörung. 2) Die Abhängigkeit der scheinbaren Bebenstarken innerhalb des Schüttergebietes von Bodenbeschaffenheit und Tektonik.
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 551.22 ; Europa {Seismologie} ; Deutschland {Geophysik} ; Erdbeben ; Deutschland ; Tektonik ; geol ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: monograph_digi
    Format: 44
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  • 10
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    Friedr. Vieweg & Sohn, Braunschweig
    In:  SUB Göttingen | 8 GEOGR PHYS 203
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Dieser Band enthält 77 Beiträge zu Themengebieten der Physik der festen Erde, des magnetischen und elektrischen Felds der Erde, der Physik der Atmosphäre sowie der Angewandten Geophysik, veröffentlicht durch die Deutsche Geophysikalische Gesellschaft in den Jahren 1930.
    Description: 〈html〉 〈body〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0004.pdf"〉Titelseite〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0005.pdf"〉Ein neuer Vierpendelapparat für relative Schweremessungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0007.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Messungen unter Tage〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O., Wolf, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0008.pdf"〉Die ersten Dickenmessungen des grönländischen Inlandeises〈/a〉〈br〉(Sorge, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0010.pdf"〉Die seismische Bodenunruhe in Hamburg und ihr Zusammenhang mit der Brandung〈/a〉〈br〉(Mendel, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0012.pdf"〉Die sonnenbelichteten Nordlichtstrahlen und die Konstitution der höheren Atmosphärenschichten〈/a〉〈br〉(Vegard, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0013.pdf"〉Nochmals: Zur Frage der Laufzeitkurven〈/a〉〈br〉(Gutenberg, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0014.pdf"〉Erwiderung zur vorstehenden Arbeit von Herrn Prof. Gutenberg〈/a〉〈br〉(Krumbach, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0015.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu der vorstehenden Erwiderung〈/a〉〈br〉(Gutenberg, B.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0016.pdf"〉Einfluß des Mondes auf die erdmagnetischen Elemente in Samoa〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0017.pdf"〉Ein Diagramm zur Bestimmung der Differenz der Schwerestörung 〈i〉Δg〈/i〉 in zwei Beobachtungspunkten〈/a〉〈br〉(Oserezky, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0018.pdf"〉Zur Ermittlung ausgedehnter Schichten verschiedener Leitfähigkeit〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0019.pdf"〉Über tägliche erdmagnetische Variationen in zwei Alpentälern〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0020.pdf"〉Die Wirkung der obersten Erdschicht auf die Anfangsbewegung einer Erdbebenwelle〈/a〉〈br〉(Hasegawa, M.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0021.pdf"〉Über die Elastizität von Gesteinen〈/a〉〈br〉(Breyer, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0023.pdf"〉Über den Horizontalabstand von Pendelstationen〈/a〉〈br〉(Schwinner, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0024.pdf"〉Die Belowsche Methode zur Bestimmung der Wirkung gegebener Massen auf Krümmungsgröße und Gradient, ihre Verallgemeinerung für beliebige Massenformen und ihre Anwendung auf "zweidimensionale" Massenanordnungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0028.pdf"〉Harmonische Schwingungen des Untergrundes〈/a〉〈br〉(Köhler, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0029.pdf"〉Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Fleming, I. A., Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0030.pdf"〉Über die Ursache der erdmagnetischen Störung im Gebiet der Freien Stadt Danzig〈/a〉〈br〉(Haalck, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0031.pdf"〉Die kontinentalen Verschiebungen von Amerika und Madagaskar〈/a〉〈br〉(Livländer, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0032.pdf"〉Magnetische Vermessung einiger tertiärer Eruptivgänge und -stöcke im sächsischen Elbsandsteingebirge〈/a〉〈br〉(Schulze, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0033.pdf"〉Über die Existenz einer mondentägigen Variation in den Erdströmen〈/a〉〈br〉(Egedal, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0034.pdf"〉Zum Trübungsfaktor〈/a〉〈br〉(Feussner, K., Friedrichs, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0035.pdf"〉Temperature changes between Torsion balance readings in the State of Texas〈/a〉〈br〉(Harris, S.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0036.pdf"〉Über isostatische Schwereanomalien und deren Beziehung zu den totalen Anomalien〈/a〉〈br〉(Jung, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0037.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den Ausführungen von H. Jung〈/a〉〈br〉(Ansel, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0038.pdf"〉Mitteilungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0040.pdf"〉Wesensgleiche und wesensverschiedene Darstellungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Nippoldt, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0041.pdf"〉Die Säkularvariation in der Rheinpfalz in den Jahren 1850 bis 1928〈/a〉〈br〉(Burmeister, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0042.pdf"〉Größenverhältnis von remanentem zu induziertem Magnetismus in Gesteinen; Größe und Richtung des remanenten Magnetismus〈/a〉〈br〉(Koenigsberger, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0043.pdf"〉Über eine magnetische Anomalie am Lebasee in Ostpommern〈/a〉〈br〉(Reich, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0045.pdf"〉Die Ergebnisse der magnetischen Messungen in der Ostsee in den Jahren 1924 bis 1929〈/a〉〈br〉(v. Gernet-Reval, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0047.pdf"〉Erdmagnetische Messungen in Bulgarien, Mazedonien, Trazien und in der Dobrudja〈/a〉〈br〉(Popoff, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0048.pdf"〉Einige Bemerkungen über erdmagnetische Messungen, welche in Feodossia ausgeführt wurden〈/a〉〈br〉(Palazzo, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0049.pdf"〉Possible causes of abnormal polarizations of magnetic formations〈/a〉〈br〉(Heiland, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0050.pdf"〉Die geologische Bedeutung der Schaffung einer Isanomalenkarte der magnetischen Vertikalintensität von Deutschland〈/a〉〈br〉(Schuh, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0051.pdf"〉Die innere Genauigkeit von Inklinationsmessungen mit dem Erdinduktor〈/a〉〈br〉(Venske, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0052.pdf"〉Theorie einer neuen galvanischen Waage〈/a〉〈br〉(Bock, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0053.pdf"〉Messungen im Luftschiff〈/a〉〈br〉(Haussmann, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0054.pdf"〉Une modification de l'enregistreur à marche rapide et à petite consommation de papier de Ad. Schmidt pour l'application aux stations de l'Anneé Polaire 1932–1933〈/a〉〈br〉(la Cour, D.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0056.pdf"〉Was sagen uns die Parameter eines Magneten?〈/a〉〈br〉(Fanselau, G.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0057.pdf"〉Über die Herleitung des Potentials des täglichen erdmagnetischen Variationsfeldes〈/a〉〈br〉(Egedal, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0058.pdf"〉Über den Vektor der magnetischen Störungen im aperiodischen Verlauf〈/a〉〈br〉(Keränen, J.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0059.pdf"〉Forschungsmethode über den Zusammenhang zwischen der Sonnenfleckentätigkeit und den erdmagnetischen Störungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Gehlinsch, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0060.pdf"〉Der Temperaturverlauf im Sandboden〈/a〉〈br〉(Süring, R.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0061.pdf"〉Die dominierende Luftdruckwelle des strengen Winters 1928/29〈/a〉〈br〉(Weickmann, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0063.pdf"〉Über einige meteorologische Begriffe〈/a〉〈br〉(Tetens, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0066.pdf"〉Über die Feinstruktur des Temperaturgradienten längs Berghängen〈/a〉〈br〉(Wagner, A.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0067.pdf"〉Das unperiodische Element im Tropenklima〈/a〉〈br〉(Knoch, K.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0068.pdf"〉Zur Theorie der Maxwellschen Geschwindigkeitsverteilung in turbulenten Strömungen〈/a〉〈br〉(Ertel, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0069.pdf"〉Wie tief dringen die Polarlichter in die Erdatmosphäre ein?〈/a〉〈br〉(Störmer, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0072.pdf"〉Gammastrahlen an Kaliumsalzen〈/a〉〈br〉(Kolhörster, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0073.pdf"〉Über die Form der Fernschallwelle〈/a〉〈br〉(Kühl, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0074.pdf"〉Die Seismizität des Südantillenbogens〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0076.pdf"〉Eine neue württembergische Erdbebenwarte〈/a〉〈br〉(Kleinschmidt, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0077.pdf"〉Über den Zusammenhang zwischen Typhusmorbidität (bzw. Typhusmortalität) und Niederschlagsschwankungen nebst einer Kritik der Brücknerschen Klimaperiode〈/a〉〈br〉(Wenzel Pollak, L.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0079.pdf"〉Über die Abhängikeit der Schwerkraft vom Zwischenmedium〈/a〉〈br〉(Schlomka, T.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0080.pdf"〉On the Determination of the Lunar Atmospheric Tide〈/a〉〈br〉(Chapman, S.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0081.pdf"〉Die Wärmeumsatz durch die Wärmestrahlung des Wasserdampfes in der Atmosphäre〈/a〉〈br〉(Albrecht, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0082.pdf"〉Ein Universal-Induktionsmagnetometer〈/a〉〈br〉(Uljanin, W.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0083.pdf"〉Der große Staubfall vom 26. bis 29. April 1928 in Südosteuropa〈/a〉〈br〉(Stenz, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0085.pdf"〉Ein neues Verfahren der luftelektrischen Raumladungsmessung〈/a〉〈br〉(Wigand, A., Schubert, J., Frankenberger, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0086.pdf"〉Kurze Erwiderung auf Vegards Bemerkungen über sonnenbelichtete Nordlichtstrahlen〈/a〉〈br〉(Störmer, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0088.pdf"〉Die Invariabilität und Abstimmung von Minimumpendeln〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0089.pdf"〉Bemerkung zu der Arbeit "Die Invariabilität und Abstimmung von Minimumpendeln" von E. Kohlschütter〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0090.pdf"〉Erwiderung〈/a〉〈br〉(Kohlschütter, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0091.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu der Arbeit von Herrn Dr. O. Meisser: "Ein neuer Vierpendelapparat für relative Schweremessungen"〈/a〉〈br〉(Heiland, C.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0092.pdf"〉Bemerkungen zu den vorstehenden Ausführungen von Herrn Prof. Dr. C. A. Heiland〈/a〉〈br〉(Meisser, O.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0093.pdf"〉Das Epizentrum des südatlantischen Großbebens vom 27. Juni 1929〈/a〉〈br〉(Tams, E.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0094.pdf"〉Seismische Untersuchungen auf dem Pasterzegletscher. I〈/a〉〈br〉(Brockamp, B., Mothes, H.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0096.pdf"〉Bericht über die neunte Tagung der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft vom 11. bis 14. September 1930 in Potsdam〈/a〉〈br〉(Mügge, Linke, F.)〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0097.pdf"〉Autorenverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0098.pdf"〉Sachverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0099.pdf"〉Literaturverzeichnis〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0100.pdf"〉Geophysikalische Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0101.pdf"〉Register der Geophysikalischen Berichte〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈li〉〈a href="https://gdz.sub.uni-goettingen.de/download/pdf/PPN101433392X_0006/LOG_0102.pdf"〉Mitgliederverzeichnis der Deutschen Geophysikalischen Gesellschaft nach dem Stande vom 1. Oktober 1930〈/a〉〈/li〉 〈/body〉 〈/html〉
    Description: research
    Description: DGG, DFG, SUB Göttingen
    Keywords: 550 ; Geophysik ; Physische Geografie ; Atmosphäre ; Aurora ; Deutschland ; Erdbeben ; Geoelektrik ; Geologie ; Geomagnetismus ; Gravimetrie ; Gravitation ; Ionosphäre ; Magnetismus ; Pendel ; Seismik ; Tiden ; USA ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German , English , French
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 11
    Unknown
    Koblenz : Bundesanstalt für Gewässerkunde (BfG)
    Keywords: Germany ; hydrology ; Deutschland ; Hydrologie ; Atlas
    Description / Table of Contents: Der Atlas liefert kartographische Übersichten zu gewässerkundlichen Grunddaten sowie zu den Themenbereichen Hydrometeorologie, oberirdische Gewässer, Bodenwasser, Grundwasser, Wasserhaushalt und dem Themenkomplex Hydrologie-Ökologie-Mensch.
    Language: German
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  • 12
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: Current information on the potential distribution and condition of peatland soils are of great importance. This applies notably for actions with respect to climate and environmental protection. The Ministry of infrastructure and agriculture in the federal state of Brandenburg (MIL) therefore initiated a project to provide a complete and updated map of peatland soils for the federal state of Brandenburg, Germany, for the year 2013. Extensive legacy data on both, areal extent of peatland soils as well as soil profile information where made digitally available in a homogeneous map and a consistent database. Approximately 7.725 sites were randomly selected from legacy soil data and currently reinvestigated to draw inference on the current condition of peatland soils. Statistically derived peatland subsidence rates at grassland sites of 0.50 cm/yr and 0.57 cm/yr at arable sites fit well with published values in comparable regions of central Europe. Our results prove the great dynamics of soil development on agriculturally used peatlands. Concerning Brandenburg, the area of peatland soils decreased from 270.000 ha in the early 20th century (Prussian geological map) to actually 163.000 ha.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Aktuelle Informationen zur Verbreitung und zum Zustand der Moorböden sind vor dem Hintergrund der geplanten Einführung von Agrarumwelt- und Klimamaßnahmen in der Landwirtschaft von besonderer Bedeutung. Das Ministerium für Infrastruktur und Landwirtschaft des Landes Brandenburg (MIL) hat hierzu das Projekt „Schaffung einer Datengrundlage für die Ableitung von Agrarumwelt- und Klimamaßnahmen auf Moorstandorten in Brandenburg“ initiiert. Mit dem Ziel der Bereitstellung einer auf das Jahr 2013 bezogenen Moorkarte wurden umfangreiche, bis dato nicht genutzte Datenbestände zur Verbreitung von Moorböden in Brandenburg zu einer überschneidungsfreien Karte und umfassenden Datenbank moorbodenkundlicher Bodenprofile verarbeitet. Um den aktuellen Zustand der Moorböden zu erfassen, wurden flächenrepräsentativ und zufällig an 7.725 Standorten mit ausreichender Datenbasis erneut bodenkundliche Erhebungen durchgeführt und statistisch ausgewertet. Im Ergebnis konnten Mächtigkeitsverlustraten für landwirtschaftlich genutzte Moorstandorte in Brandenburg abgeleitet werden. Für flachgründige Niedermoorstandorte unter Grünland liegen sie bei 0,50 cm/a, vergleichbare ackerbaulich genutzte Standorte liegen mit 0,57 cm/a darüber. Dies deckt sich gut mit publizierten Werten an vergleichbaren Standorten in Zentraleuropa. Die Fläche der Moorböden in Brandenburg hat sich von Anfang des 20. Jahrhunderts von 270.000 ha, ausgewiesen auf Basis der Preußisch geologisch-agronomische Karte (PGK), auf heute noch 163.000 ha reduziert.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; peatland ; Brandenburg ; Deutschland ; Germany ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 13
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: Peatlands are intensively exchanging greenhouse gases with the free atmosphere. Natural peatlands, mires, sequester carbon dioxide as carbon in the peat and emit methane. Peatlands under agriculture or forest are mostly drained and emit carbon dioxide due to peat mineralization and nitrous oxide due to fertilization and nitrogen mineralization. In order to characterize the actual situation and to evaluate measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions measured values on gas exchange are needed. Within two national projects direct measurements of the greenhouse gas exchange have been conducted on a wide range of sites, covering different peatland types, land use forms and hydrological situations and using a standardized methodology. Between 2007 and 2012 22 sites have been studied in Lower Saxony over at least two years using the closed cover method. An overview on sites and results is given. Moreover, approaches to estimate the greenhouse gas emissions due to peat excavation and horticultural peat use are presented. Own emission factors and data from literature are used to estimate the contribution of peatlands and peat use to the greenhouse gas emissions of Lower Saxony. Finally measures for the reduction of greenhouse gas emissions are discussed and estimates on reduction costs are given from examples.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Moore stehen in einem intensiven Gasaustausch mit der Atmosphäre. Natürliche Moore haben über Jahrtausende Kohlendioxid aufgenommen und den Kohlenstoff als Torf gespeichert. Dabei haben sie Methan abgegeben. Entwässerte und genutzte Moore setzen den Kohlenstoff als Kohlendioxid wieder frei und emittieren zudem klimarelevantes Lachgas als Ergebnis der Stickstoffdüngung und der Torfmineralisation. Zur Charakterisierung der Ist-Situation und zur Beurteilung von Maßnahmen ist es erforderlich, belastbare Daten über die Treibhausgasemissionen der Moore zu haben. Im Rahmen von zwei bundesweit angelegten Verbundvorhaben wurden an einer Vielzahl von Standorten unterschiedlichen Moortyps, unterschiedlicher Nutzung und unterschiedlicher Klima- und Wasserregime mit einer abgestimmten Methodik die Flüsse der wesentlichen Treibhausgase direkt gemessen. Im Rahmen dieser Verbundvorhaben wurden in Niedersachsen zwischen 2007 und 2012 an 22 Standorten mindestens zweijährige Messungen mit der Haubentechnik vorgenommen. Dieser Beitrag gibt einen Überblick über untersuchte Standorte und Messergebnisse. Darüber hinaus werden Ansätze zur Ermittlung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus der industriellen Torfgewinnung dargestellt. Unter Verwendung eigener Ergebnisse und von Literaturdaten wird eine Abschätzung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus Moor und Torfgewinnung für das Land Niedersachsen vorgenommen. Abschließend geht der Beitrag auf Maßnahmen zur Verminderung der Treibhausgasemissionen aus Mooren sowie beispielhaft auf Emissionsminderungskosten ein.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; mire ; peatland ; emission ; CO2 ; N2O ; Germany ; Deutschland ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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  • 14
    facet.materialart.
    Unknown
    Inst. für Phys. Geogr., Freie Univ., Berlin
    In:  Herausgeberexemplar (FU Berlin) | ZB 20559:36
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: STÄBLEIN, G.: Regionale Geomorphologie ; KERTESZ, A.: Geomorphologische Kartierung in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland und in Ungarn. Ein Vergleich der Methodik ; BOLLMANN, I.: Geomorphologische Daten und kartographische Darstellung ; PACHUR, H.-J. & RÖPER, H.-P.: Geolimnologische Befunde des Berliner Raumes ; REMMELE, G.: Holozäne Morphodynamik an Schichtstufenhängen — Untersuchungen in Nordwest-Irland ; MÜLLER, MJ. & STRASSER, R.: Holozäne Geomorphodynamik und Landschaftsentwicklung am Ostrand der Trier-Luxemburger Mulde ; KLEBER, A.: Zur jungtertiären Reliefentwicklung im Vorland der südlichen Frankenalb ; HAMANN, C.: Windwurf als Ursache der Bodenbuckelung am Südrand des Tennengebirges, ein Beitrag zur Genese der Buckelwiesen ; ZÖLLER, L.: Neotektonik am Hunsrückrand ; SEPPÄLÄ, M.: Glazialhydrologie des Inlandeises, eine geomorphologische Interpretation der Verhältnisse in Finnland ; JÄKEL, D.: Untersuchungen und Analysen zur Entstehung der Hamada ; GARLEFF, K. & STINGL, H.: Neue Befunde zur jungquartären Vergletscherung in Cuyo und Patagonien ; STINGL, H. & GARLBFF, K.: Tertiäre und pleistozäne Reliefentwicklung an der interozeanischen Wasserscheide in Südpatagonien (Gebiet von Rio Turbio, Argentinien) ; SCHMIDT, K.H.: Nachweis junger Krustenbewegungen auf dem Colorado Plateau, USA ; KUHLE, M.: Zur Geomorphologie Tibets, Bortensander als Kennformen semiarider Vorlandvergletscherung . ; STÄBLEIN, G.: Deutscher Arbeitskreis für Geomorphologie ;
    Description: research
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, FU Berlin
    Keywords: 550 ; 910.02 ; Geomorphologie ; Kartierung ; Holocene ; Irland ; Hunsrück ; Frankenalb ; Finnland ; Hamada ; Patagonien ; Cuyo ; Colorado ; Tektonik ; Gletscher ; glacier ; Tibet ; Deutschland ; Sahara ; Tibesti ; Darfur ; Sudan ; Libyen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: anthology_digi
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2021-03-29
    Description: Abstract: In addition to the widespread use of peatlands for agricultural purposes, which is also common in other German states, the raised bogs in Lower Saxony are still also used up to the present day for housing, as well as for industrial peat extraction. The Peatland Conservation Programme in Lower Saxony launched in 1981 therefore only covered raised bogs to disentangle the different uses, and to systematise the nature protection activities in raised bogs. The priority areas for the extraction of peat defined in the Federal State Regional Planning Programme are to be rescinded. The new State Development Programme being formulated will not only include the nature conservation of peatlands, but also for the first time, deal with the climate protection afforded by these very important storage areas for carbon. An important aspect in this regard is the incorporation of fens, and the discharge from peatlands into underlying water bodies. The database and the conclusions which contribute to the implementation of climate protection in peatland conservation programmes, will be discussed and compared with the peatland conservation previously implemented pursuant to the Peatland Conservation Programme in Lower Saxony. An overview describes various approaches for peatland and climate protection implemented by private initiatives, nature conservation societies, EU-Life-Projects, contractual nature protection, publicly owned businesses and authorities in Lower Saxony, research projects on alternative uses, and climate certificate trading. These varied instruments are compared to highlight their relative areal effectiveness, and relevance, followed by an estimate of the potential for future peatland and climate protection in Lower Saxony.
    Description: Zusammenfassung: Neben der auch in anderen Bundesländern weit verbreiteten landwirtschaftlichen Nutzung von Mooren werden die niedersächsischen Hochmoore bis heute auch als Siedlungsraum und zur industriellen Torfgewinnung genutzt. Daher umfasste das niedersächsische Moorschutzprogramm von 1981 nur die Hochmoore, um diese verschiedenen Nutzungen zu entflechten und den Naturschutz in Hochmooren zu systematisieren. Die bisher im Landesraumordnungsprogramm ausgewiesenen Vorranggebiete für die Rohstoffgewinnung von Torf sollen gestrichen werden. In ein neu aufzustellendes Landesentwicklungsprogramm soll neben dem Naturschutz von Mooren erstmalig auch der Klimaschutz dieser wichtigen Kohlenstoffspeicher eingehen. Von besonderer Bedeutung sind hierbei die Einbeziehung der Niedermoore und der Stoffaustrag aus Mooren in unterliegende Gewässer. Die Datengrundlagen und Schlussfolgerungen, die zur Implementierung des Klimaschutzes in den Moorschutz beitragen, werden diskutiert und mit dem bisher umgesetzten Moorschutz nach dem niedersächsischen Moorschutzprogramm verglichen. Ein Überblick beschreibt verschiedene Ansätze zum Moor- und Klimaschutz von Privatinitiativen, von Naturschutzverbänden, mit EU-Life-Projekten, im Vertragsnaturschutz, von niedersächsischen Landesbetrieben und Behörden, von Forschungsprojekten zu alternativen Nutzungen und beim Handel mit Klima-Zertifikaten. Diese unterschiedlichen Instrumente werden in ihrer Flächenwirksamkeit und Relevanz in Beziehung gesetzt und das Potenzial für den künftigen Moor- und Klimaschutz in Niedersachsen abgeschätzt.
    Description: DFG, SUB Göttingen, DGMT
    Description: research
    Keywords: 553.21 ; Moor ; peatland ; mire ; nature conservation ; Germany ; Deutschland ; emission ; bog ; Niedersachsen ; FID-GEO-DE-7
    Language: German
    Type: article , publishedVersion
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    Call number: PIK C 329-19-92388
    Keywords: Deutschland ; Vergaberecht ; Deutschland ; Vergaberecht
    Type of Medium: Monograph available for loan
    Pages: LXIV, 614 Seiten , 20 cm
    Edition: 20. Auflage, Stand: 1. Januar 2018, Sonderausgabe
    ISBN: 9783423055956 , 9783406722059
    Series Statement: dtv 5595
    Language: German
    Branch Library: PIK Library
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-03-03
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-02-10
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-04-14
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-04-14
    Description: The allotropes formed by carbon reflect differences in its bonding: single bonds in diamond, double bonds in graphite and graphene, and triple bonds in polyynes. Fashioning graphene sheets into bowls, monkey saddles, balls, and tubes has led to a number of molecular allotropes of carbon or carbon-rich quasi-allotropes with novel topologies and shapes. A simple ring of carbon can be reduced to practice in various forms (1): a cyclic array of carbon atoms, a “pearl necklace” of benzene rings, or a cylindrical hoop of flank-fused benzenes, just to name a few. On page 172 of this issue, Povie et al. (2) report on the synthesis of an angular-fused hoop structure, which has been a long-standing target. Author: Jay S. Siegel
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-04-14
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-03-03
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-04-01
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-01-27
    Description: Polynitrogens have the potential for ultrahigh-performing explosives or propellants because singly or doubly bonded polynitrogens can decompose to triply bonded dinitrogen (N2) with an extraordinarily large energy release. The large energy content and relatively low activation energy toward decomposition makes the synthesis of a stable polynitrogen allotrope an extraordinary challenge. Many elements exist in different forms (allotropes)—for example, carbon can exist as graphite, diamond, buckyballs, or graphene. However, no stable neutral allotropes are known for nitrogen, and only two stable homonuclear polynitrogen ions had been isolated until now—namely, the N3− anion (1) and the N5+ cation (2). On page 374 of this issue, Zhang et al. (3) report the synthesis and characterization of the first stable salt of the cyclo-N5− anion, only the third stable homonuclear polynitrogen ion ever isolated. Author: Karl O. Christe
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2017-01-13
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Author: Phil Szuromi
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-08
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-05-27
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-15
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-22
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-06-24
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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  • 33
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-07-01
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-06-10
    Description: Transition metal–catalyzed arylation of C–H bonds has been intensively studied for forming C–C bonds in complex-molecule synthesis (1). An acidic C–H bond (for example, one near a double bond or an O atom) is cleaved to form a carbon–metal bond, which then couples to arene. Many of these organometallic species can be generated catalytically. Much less research has dealt with unreactive nonacidic sp3 C–H bond functionalization (3). On page 1304 of this issue, Shaw et al. (3) report an efficient and general method that focuses on arylation of sp3 C–H bonds at carbon atoms adjacent to amines and to cyclic ethers by combining nickel, visible-light photoredox, and hydrogen-atom transfer (HAT) catalysis. Author: Corinne Fruit
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-06-10
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-09-09
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-09-07
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-05-20
    Description: Antibiotics have been taking it on the chin lately. Not only has resistance to the anti-infective medications been growing, but drug companies have been dropping antibiotic research programs, because the drugs are difficult and expensive to make. Now, new help is on the way. Researchers report this week that they've found a way to churn out new members of one of the most widely used classes of antibiotics. These drugs, called macrolides, were first developed in the 1950s and now represent a major bulwark against infections. A bevy of possible new drugs in this class could lead to new weapons against antibiotic-resistant infections, and possibly save millions of lives. Author: Robert F. Service
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-04-22
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-04-29
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-05-13
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-04-01
    Description: The SN2 nucleophilic substitution reaction, X− + RY → XR + Y−, is a paradigm reaction in organic chemistry (1). The modern understanding of the SN2 reaction mechanism is based on work of Hughes and Ingold (2), who proposed that the nucleophile (X−) approaches the carbon atom that bears the leaving group (Y−). As a result, the bond between the carbon atom and the leaving group becomes weakened. As this bond breaks and a new bond forms between the nucleophile and the carbon atom, the configuration of the carbon atom is inverted. Analyses of gas-phase reaction rates led to the suggestion of a potential energy surface (PES) with two wells connected by a central barrier transition state (3). Electronic structure calculations have confirmed this picture for some SN2 reactions (4), but recent studies have shown that the actual reaction dynamics may be considerably more complex (see the figure) (5–8). Authors: Jing Xie, William L. Hase
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-04-01
    Description: Author: Julia Fahrenkamp-Uppenbrink
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-11-18
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-11-18
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-09-09
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-12-09
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-10-21
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Organic Chemistry
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    American Association for the Advancement of Science (AAAS)
    In: Science
    Publication Date: 2016-11-11
    Description: Author: Jake Yeston
    Keywords: Inorganic Chemistry
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  • 50
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: β-Nitrostyrene derivatives of adenosine 5′-glutarates are potent and selective bisubstrate-type inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor protein tyrosine kinase (EGF-R PTK). In an attempt to improve the inhibitory activity, this type of compounds was modified with alkyl spacers of varying length between the nitrostyrene and the glutaryl units. The spacers consisted of 1, 3, 4, and 5 atoms to give compounds of the benzyl, oxyethyl, oxypropyl, and oxybutyl series, respectively (Schemes 1 and 2). Adenosine 5′-esters were prepared in the benzyl and oxypropyl series only. Compared to the compounds in the parent series without spacer (IC50 = 0.7-12 μM), most of the modified compounds inhibited the EGF-R PTK only marginally or were inactive (IC50 ≥ 100 μM). The only exceptions were the free acids 19 and 20 with IC50 values of ca. 5 μM. It is noteworthy that esterification of these two hydrogen glutarates with either MeOH or adenosine yielded inactive compounds, which is in contrast to the corresponding substances without spacers.
    Additional Material: 1 Ill.
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  • 51
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Synthesis and Characterization of the Furo and Thieno Analogues of the Triester of PQQWe report here the synthesis and properties of the furo and thieno analogues of 4,5-dihydro-4,5-dioxo-1H-pyrrolo[2,3-f]quinoline-2,7,9- tricarboxylic acid ( = PQQ), i.e. the furo- and thieno[2,3-f]quinoline-4,5-quinone (FQQ and TQQ, resp.) derivatives B and C, obtained as triesters. The triester of PQQ derivative A is much more stable than the triesters of B or C, and only the triester of A shows strong activity in nonenzymatic catalytic oxidations.
    Additional Material: 1 Tab.
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  • 52
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 171-181 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conversion of the conformation of cyclosporin A (CsA) observed in CHCl3 to the receptor-bound state is investigated by two molecular-mechanics methods, template forcing and dynamic forcing. The conformations of CsA in CHCl3 and complexed with LiCl in THF as determined by NMR are used as starting structures. The transition starting from the CsA/CHCl3-derived conformation is hindered by steric interactions of two side chains (MeBmt1 and Val5). While starting with the CsA/LiCl-derived conformation, the conversion is facile. It is illustrated that these calculations, which are of artificial character, using only the starting and final structures of the observed conformational transition during the receptor-binding event, allow an insight into the interactions between the substrates and receptor in terms of an induced fit.
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    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 231-242 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The transfer properties of the ionic species involved in the Williamson ether synthesis by phase-transfer catalysis were investigated using electrochemical techniques developed for the study of polarised liquid/liquid interfaces. This approach allows the measurement of the apparent partition coefficients of the transferring species. From these data, it is proposed that the role of the phase-transfer catalyst salt in the reaction mechanism is to establish a Galvani distribution potential difference between the two phases which in turn acts as the driving force for transferring the reactive aqueous ions to the organic phase.
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  • 54
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The (R)- and (S)-5-(hydroxymethyl)-3-isopropyloxazolidin-2-ones, ((R)- and (S)-2, resp.), pivotal intermediates in the preparation of optically active β-blockers, were synthesized using (R,E)-2-hydroxypent-3-enenitrile (1) as the chiral starting material. In the synthesis of (R)-2, a known cyclization/inversion step was applied.
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  • 55
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Solutions (2 ml) of small linear and cyclic peptides (4-11), of a peptolide containing nine amino acids and a lactate moiety (12), of the cyclic undecapeptide cyclosporin A (CS, 1), and of the macrolides ascomycin, fujimycin, and rapamycin (13-15) in THF were added to excess LiCl, LiBr, or LiClO4 (up to 3000 equiv. in 40 ml THF) in a calorimeter (calorimetric titration). The enthalpies of interaction measured are in the range of ΔH = -8 to -37 kcal/mol. A similar experiment was carried out with one of the binding proteins of cyclosporin, the human cyclophilin A, to give the thermodynamic parameters for the complexation ΔH = -16, ΔG° = -10 kcal/mol, and ΔS° = -20 cal/mol·deg. at 25° which corresponds to an equilibrium constant K = 2·107 l/mol, in good agreement with the result of independent measurements using different methods. NMR Measurements of the macrolides in (D8)THF containing LiCl show strong down-field shifts of signals of the H-atoms next to C=O and C-OH groups in these molecules.
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  • 56
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 17O-NMR signals of four true C-nitroso compounds 1-4 appear at particularly low field (1550-1265 ppm), whereas the dimers (azodioxy type) resonate at ca. 400 ppm and the ‘isonitroso compounds’ ( = quinone-oximes; 5 and 6) at ca. 250 ppm. S-Nitroso compounds ( = thionitrites; 8 and 9) show shift values of ca. 1300 ppm, not far from C - NO; the NO+ ion is much stronger shielded (474 ppm). The results, together with those for higher-shielded nitroso compounds X - NO (X = RO, R2N, Cl, O-) are discussed in terms of (a) resonance stabilization through n-donation from X(π-bond order, approximated by the known barriers of rotation around the X - N bond) and of (b) electronic excitation energies ΔE. The latter are approximated by long-wave (symmetry-forbidden) UV/VIS absorptions and confirmed, where available, by the maxima of the curves of circular dichroism (CD); the CD curve of thionitrite 9 has been measured. It is found that the δ(17O) values of X - NO depend both on bond order and on ΔE, which could not be separated. The higher shielding of NO+ compared with X - N=O is explained on the basis of anisotropy effects, which differ between sp and sp2 systems.
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  • 57
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 58
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (1S,2R,6R,7R)-4-Phenyl-3,10-dioxa-5-azatricyclo[5.2.1.02,6]dec-4-en-9-one ((+)-5) obtained in 6 steps from the Diels-Alder adduct of furan to 1-cyanovinyl (1S)-camphanate ((+)-3) was reduced to the corresponding endo-alcohol (-)-6 the treatment of which with HBr/AcOH provided (-)-(3aS,4S,6R,7S,7aR)-4β-bromo-3aβ,4,5,6,7,7aβ-hexahydro-2-phenyl-1,3-benzoxazole-6β,7α-diyl diacetate ((-)-17). Elimination of HBr with 1,8-diazabicyclo[5.4.0]undec-7-ene (DBU) and acidic hydrolysis furnished (-)-(1R,2S,3R,4R)-4-aminocyclohex-5-ene-1,2,3-triol ( = (-)-conduramine C1;(-)-1).
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  • 59
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 10-22 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 2′-5′ Adenylate trimers 41-44 carrying the (tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl (tbds) group at the 3′-OH position of various sugar moieties were synthesized via the phosphoramidite method. The use of the (tert-butyloxy)carbonyl (boc) and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethylsulfonyl (npes) groups for 2′-OH protection in neighbourhood to the 3′-O-tbds residue was compared during the synthesis of the target trimers. For other functional positions, the use of the 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl (npe) and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl (npeoc) blocking groups were favoured.
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  • 60
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A new and generally applicable synthetic path for the preparation of heteroditopic bis-macrocycles using tri-N-protected tetraazacycloalkanes as building blocks and bromoacetyl bromide as bridging reagent is described. In the first step, bromoacetyl bromide is used as acylating agent for one of the macrocycles, whereas in the second step it is used as alkylating agent for the second macrocycle, thus giving protected bis-macrocyclic amides (e.g. 6). After reduction of the amide moiety and deprotection, bis-azamacrocycles with an ethylene bridge are obtained (e.g. 8). The corresponding homoditopic bis-macrocycles 16 and 17 are also prepared for comparison purpose. Spectrophotometric studies indicate that bis-macrocycle 8, which consists of a 12- and a 14-membered ring, binds two metal ions with equal affinity, whereas compound 13, in which an unsubstituted (cyclam) and a trimethyl-substituted tetraazacyclotetradecane unit (Me3cyclam) are bridged, shows selective metal-ion binding. The first metal ion is always incorporated into the cyclam unit, whereas the second one binds to the Me3cyclam macrocycle. Thus, by sequential addition of two different metal ions, heterobinuclear complexes can easily be prepared. The electrochemistry of the binuclear Ni2+ complexes, studied by CV and DPV, as well as the EPR spectra of the binuclear Cu2+ complexes clearly indicate metal-metal interactions.
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  • 61
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Flash-vacuum thermolysis of the four diastereoisomeric 5,6-epoxy-5,6-dihydro-caryophyllenes 1-4 at 500-550°/0.1-0.7 Torr leads to the hitherto unreported enantiomers of (6RS,7RS)- and (6RS,7SR)-6,7-epoxy-6,7-dihydro-β-farnesenes ((±)-5 and (±)-6, resp.). In particular, (+)-5 is formed in 45% yield (ca. 90% ee) and is, thus, an attractive chiral building block for natural-product synthesis.
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  • 62
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of ceramides, called oceanapins A-F (2-7), which are unique for branching at both the sphingosine and fatty-acid chains, have been isolated as pure compounds from the haplosclerid sponge Oceanapia cf. tenuis of the Coral Sea. Following acid hydrolysis, both the fatty-acid and the sphingosine portions were obtained separately, which allowed their unequivocal structural definition. The absolute configuration was secured via protection of C(1′)-OH and Mosher's esterification at C(3′)-OH of the oceanapins.
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  • 63
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The one-electron transfer to large π-delocalized hydrocarbons provides an interesting possibility to crystallize solvent-separated ion-pair salts containing optimally solvated cations. Accordingly, the reduction of 9,10-diphenylanthracene in aprotic THF solution at a sodium metal mirror allows to grow dark-blue prismatic crystals of its radical anion and sixfold THF-solvated sodium cation. The structure of the radical anion is very similar to that recently published for the neutral molecule. According to AM1 hypersurface calculations based on the structural data, the phenyl twist angles obviously must be determined by lattice packing, and the negative charge is delocalized predominantly within the anthracene π system. The counter cation [Na⊕(THF)6], reported ordered for the first time, shows nearly octahedral coordination within a rather densily packed solvent shell. Due to the strong repulsions between the solvent molecules, its isodesmically calculated solvation enthalpy is smaller than that of the analogous dimethoxyethane complex [Na⊕(DME)3].
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  • 64
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 86-91 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 14N- and 1H-Coupling constants, determined by ESR, ENDOR, and general-TRIPLE-resonance spectroscopy, are reported for the radical cations of tetrazinodi(heteroarenes) 1-8. The results comply with the expectation that donor properties of these compounds are mainly due to the electron-rich dihydrotetrazine ring.
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  • 65
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 70-85 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The biphenyl-containing pseudo-amino acids 2′-(aminomethyl)biphenyl-2-carboxylic acid (Abc; 1) and 2′-(aminomethyl)biphenyl-2-acetic acid (Aba; 2) are used as rigid spacers in the backbone of the cyclic peptides cyclo (-Abc-Ala-Phe-Gly-)2 (5), cyclo(-Abc-Ala-Val-Gly-)2 (6), cyclo(-Aba-Gly-Phe-Ala-)2 (7), and cyclo(-Aba-Ala-Phe-Gly-)2(8). Three different interconverting diastereoisomers are found in solutions of each of these cyclopeptides due to the atropisomerism of the biphenyl units. NMR Techniques and molecular-dynamics calculations allow to conclude that the major diastereoisomer of 5 (and 6) in (D6)DMSO adopts a β-sheet conformation. It is proposed that the pseudo-amino acid 1 of (R)-chirality forms, with attached L-amino acids, a H-bonding pattern comparable to a β-turn (see D in Fig. 4 and F).
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  • 66
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 92-99 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Vitamin-B12-Catalyzed C, C-Bond Formation: Synthesis of Jasmonates via Sequential Radical ReactionThe Cbl-catalyzed electroreduction of 3-(2′-bromo-1′-ethoxyethoxy)cyclopenten (1a) in presence of 1-cyanovinyl-acetate (8) gave, in a sequential radical reaction (5-exo-trig-cyclization of 1a followed by addition to 8), 1-cyano-2-(2′-ethoxy-hexahydro-2′H-cyclopenta[b] furan-4′-yl)ethyl acetate (10a). This intermediate was transformed to methyl jasmonate (7; four steps) and epituberolide (9; three steps) in 20 and 31% yield, respectively, from cyclopent-2-en-l-ol.
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  • 67
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 111-120 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The Synthesis of Azaisomers of the Triester of PQQ: 3H-Pyrrolo[3,2-f]-, 1H-Pyrrolo[3,2-h]-, and 7H-Pyrrolo[2,3-h]quinolinequinone DerivativesWe describe here the synthesis of the title compounds 3-5, starting from highly substituted aminoindoles. The annelated pyridine rings were built up in each case with dimethyl 4-oxoglutaconate according to Corey's procedure. All three o-quinone derivatives 3-5 are stable compounds, comparable to PQQ-triester. The azaisomers vary in biological activity from practically inactive to strong inhibition of the α-amidating enzyme or the ornithin decarboxylase.
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  • 68
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 608-614 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The reaction of 2-(1-phenylvinyl)aniline and 4-chloro-2-(1-phenylvinyl)aniline with acetophenone derivatives, 1-(naphthalen-1-yl)ethanone and 1-(furan-2-yl)ethanone in toluene at 110-115° with toluene-4-sulfonic acid as a catalyst leads in good-to-excellent yields to the 2,2-disubstituted 1,2-dihydro-4-phenyl-quinolines 1-18 (Scheme 1, Table). The structure of the new racemic 1,2-dihydroquinolines 1-18 is determined by NMR spectroscopy. A reaction mechanism proceeding via a 6π-electrocyclic rearrangement of 2-(1-phenylvinyl)anils 19 as the key step is proposed for the formation of these compounds (Scheme 1). The scope and limitations of the novel methods are discussed (Scheme 2).
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  • 69
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 622-630 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 2′-deoxyisoguanosine (1) was synthesized by a two-step procedure from 2′-deoxyguanosine (5). Amination of silylated 2′-deoxyguanosine yielded 2-amino-2′-deoxyadenosine (6) which was subjected to selective deamination of the 2-NH2 group resulting in compound 1. Also 2′,3′-dideoxyisoguanosine (2) was prepared employing the photo-substitution of the 2-substituent of 2-chloro-2′,3′-dideoxyadenosine (4). The latter was synthesized by Barton deoxygenation from 2-chloro-2′-deoxyadenosine (3) or via glycosylation of 2,6-dichloropurine (12) with the lactol 13. Compound 1 was less stable at the N-glycosylic bond than 2′-deoxyguanosine (5). The dideoxynucleoside 2 was deaminated by adenosine deaminase affording 2′,3′-dideoxyxanthosine (17).
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  • 70
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A crude hydrate 6 and a crystalline hemiacetal 7 of glyoxylamide 4 were prepared from crotonamide 5 (Scheme 2). Particularly hemiacetal 7, but also 6 and the ‘dimer’ 8 (obtained from 7) may serve as homochiral auxiliaries. The structure of 8 was determined by X-ray analysis. By arenesulfonyl halides, tryptimines 12-14 of 4 were diastereoselectively transformed into spirotricycles 15-17 and 19.
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  • 71
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: A series of 2′-benzamido-2′-deoxyadenosine analogues were synthesized in an effort to find new lead structures for the treatment of sleeping sickness. The 2′-deoxy-2′-(3-methoxybenzamido)adenosine (1h) was proved to be a selective inhibitor of the parasite glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase which confirms the modeling studies. The solution-state conformation of 2′-(thiophene-2-carboxamido) analogue 1d demonstrates a 2′-endo conformation, an orientation of the thiophene ring under the ribose moiety, and the base part occupying a ‘syn’/‘anti’ equilibrium.
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  • 72
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 645-654 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The decomposition of cyclohexyl diazoacetate (5a) in the presence of the chiral [Rh2{(2S)-mepy}4] catalyst leads to a 3:1 cis/trans mixture of bicyclic lactone 6a with an enantiomeric excess of 95-97% (cis) and 90% (trans). The conformationally rigid tert-butyl derivatives 5b and 5c afford, in the presence of the same catalyst, 6b and 6c, respectively, via insertion into the equatorial C—H bonds exclusively, with ee's of ca. 95%. A remarkable degree of induction (92-95%) results in the lactone 6g upon decomposition of 1-isopropyl-2-methylpropyl diazoacetate (5g). The diazoacetates derived from 1-methylcyclohexanol, cyclopentanol and 1-methylcyclopentanol (5d-f) afford under similar conditions insertion products with higher diastereoselectivity, but significantly lower enantioselectivity. Other dirhodium catalysts are less efficient.
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  • 73
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 661-667 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The first synthesis of (Z)-neomanoalide (4) and an improved synthesis of its (E)-isomer 3 was accomplished in a concise, regiocontrolled manner by exploiting 2-[(tert-butyl)dimethylsiloxy]-4{[(tert-butyl)dimethylsiloxy]-methyl}furan (6) as the key reagent. Lithiation of 6 and subsequent reaction with the (2Z)- or (2E)-isomer of (6E)-3-{[(tert-butyl)dimethylsiloxy]methyl}-7-methyl-9-(2′,6′,6′-trimethylcyclohex-1′-enyl)nona-2,6-dienyl bromide (5), followed by hydrolysis, afforded the corresponding neomanoalide.
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  • 74
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The 2,4-bis-functionalized phenol 1 is dehydrogenated regioselectivity with potassium ferricyanide, affording the corresponding p-quinonemethide 2. Hydrolysis of 2 affords a mixture of dithioacetal 5a and benzaldehyde 6; 1,6-addition of thiols to 2 gives the dithioacetals 5 of benzaldehyde 6; reaction of 2 with 2,2′-azobis(isobutyronitrile) (= 2,2′-dimethyl-2,2′-azobis(propanenitrile)) leads to 9a, 9b, and 10, addition products of the 1-cyano-1-methylethyl radical. The structures of all products are confirmed mainly by 1H- and 13C-NMR spectroscopy, and the mode of their formation is discussed.
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  • 75
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The conformational space of the trisaccharide α-L-Fuc-(1→2)-β- D-Gal-(1→3)-β -D-GalNAc-1-OPr (2) and of its component disaccharide moieties α -L-Fuc-(1→2)-β -D-Gal-1-OMe (3) and β -D-Gal-(1→3)-β- D-GalNAc-1-OPr (4) was investigated with the aid of molecular-mechanics energy minimizations and molecular-dynamics simulations. These calculations suggested the occurrence of two conformations for each compound characterized by different φ and Ψ glycosidic angles. However, 1H-NMR investigation of D2O solutions of 2-4 indicated a sure preference for one of the two conformers with a contribution of the other one ranging from negligible to low.
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  • 76
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The synthesis on solid phase of a new derivative of the anticoagulant protein hirudin is described (see Scheme and Fig.1, I). The henicosapeptide is a bivalent conjugate of the C-terminus of hirudin and of the active-site-binding tetrapeptide D-Phe-Pro-Arg-Pro linked via a tetraglycine spacer. The peptide, for which the name hirufos was coined, incorporates a stable phosphono derivative of L-phenylalanine which, combined with the other structural modifications, leads to a potent anticoagulant agent. Synthesis was readily achieved by the (9H-fluoren-9-yl)-methoxycarbonyl (Fmoc) strategy followed by acidolytic cleavage from the resin and deprotection, including the liberation of the crucial phosphonic group on L-phenylalanine.
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  • 77
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 691-708 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Tri-o-thymotide (TOT) clathrates are enantiomorphous and enantioselective (chiral cages). It was shown that an external molecular reactant can diffuse into the TOT host crystal lattice and reacts with the included molecule (guest) in characteristic ways, differing from those occurring in liquid solutions. Several aspects of the action of hydrogen halides (HCl, HBr) on the chemical behavior of included oxiranes were investigated for solid-gas and solid-liquid (aqueous) systems. Under well established experimental conditions, these reactions gave regiospecifically one target product and were asymmetric. The included substrate underwent first an acid-catalyzed allylic isomerization that is cage-specific and mostly quantitative. In sheer contrast, strong basic conditions were required to promote, in reduced yield, the analogous transformation in solution. The regiospecificity and enantioselectivity of several intra-crystalline conversions allowed the accurate determination of the absolute configuration of several guest molecules. Kinetic measurements were achieved that disclosed some striking features of this new type of heterogeneous reactions. Tentative models for the cage stereoselective mechanisms are briefly discussed.
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  • 78
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The complex formation by Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Zn2+, and Cd2+ with tris[2-(dimethylamino)ethyl]amine (N(CH2CH2NMe2)3, Me6tren) was investigated at 25° and at an ionic strength of 1, using VIS spectroscopy and potentiometric measurements. The stability constants of these complexes are compared with those of tris(2-aminoethyl)amine (N(CH2CH2NH2)3, tren), obtained under the same conditions. The values of the constants for Me6tren are much lower than those for tren, due to the bulky Me substituents. The values of the constants can be correlated with the ability of the individual metal ions to adopt coordination number 5. This appears to be easier for Cu2+ and Co2+ than for Cd2+ and Zn2+ and is very difficult for Ni2+. The 1:1 complexes [ML(H2O)]2+ are monoprotonic acids whose pKs values are similar or lower than those of the corresponding aquametal ions. The X-ray crystal structure of the copper(II) complex [Cu(SO4)(Me6tren)] · 8H2O reveals pentacoordination at the central ion. The UV/VIS spectra of the aqueous solutions of the Co2+, Ni2+, and Cu2+ 1:1 complexes confirm that the same coordination number is present also in these complexes.
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  • 79
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 1768-1772 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The structure of peregrine (1), a norditerpenoid alkaloid isolated from Delphinium peregrinum var. elongatum BOISS., was revised on the basis of the 1H-COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and ROESY NMR spectra and of the X-ray analysis of its parent alcohol 2. Some of the 13C-NMR resonances of 1 and the related alkaloids peregrine alcohol (2), 14-O-acetylperegrine (3), bicoloridine (4), bicoloridine alcohol (5), 6-O-acetylbicolorine (6), bicolorine (7), and 14-O-acetylbicolorine (8), were also reassigned.
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  • 80
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The antivirally active 3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′-5′)-3′-deoxyadenylyl-(2′-5′)-3′-deoxyadenosine (cordycepin trimer core) was modified at the 2′- or 5′-terminus, by attachment of cholesterol via a carbonate bond (→ 15) or a succinate linker (→ 16 and 27) to improve cell permeability. The corresponding monomeric conjugates 4, 7, and 21 of cordycepin were prepared as model substances to study the applicability of the anticipated protecting groups - the monomethoxytrityl (MeOTr), the (tert-butyl)dimethylsilyl (tbds), and the β -eliminating 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethyl (npe) and 2-(4-nitrophenyl)ethoxycarbonyl (npeoc) groups - for the final deblocking steps without harming the ester bonds of the conjugate trimers. The syntheses were performed in solution using phosphoramidite chemistry. The fully protected trimer conjugates 13, 14, and 26 as well as all intermediates were characterized by elemental analyses, UV and 1H-NMR spectra. The deblocked conjugates 15, 16, and 27 were pure according to HPLC and showed the correct compositions by mass spectra. Comparative biological studies indicated that cordycepincholesterol conjugate trimers 16 and 27 were 333- and 1000-fold, respectively, more potent inhibitors of HIV-1-induced syncytia formation than cordycepin trimer core.
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  • 81
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    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The pyrophosphoric-acid-analogue phosphonoformic acid (pfa) and the amino-acid-analogue (aminomethyl)phosphonic acid (ampa) both form, in the deprotonated state, i.e., as -OOC-PO32- and H2N—CH2—PO32-, respectively, five-membered chelate rings with metal ions. pfa inhibits both phosphate transport and virus replication, while ampa is a metabolic product of the common herbicide glyphosate ( = N-(phosphonomethyl)glycine). The acidity constants of H2pfa- and H2ampa± as well as the stability constants of the [M(Hpfa)], [M(pfa)]-, [M(Hampa)]+, and [M(ampa)] complexes, where M2+ = Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+, Mn2+, Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, Cu(2,2′-bipyridyl)2+, Cu(1,10-phenanthroline)2+, Zn2+, or Cd2+, have been determined by potentiometric pH titrations in aqueous solution at 25° and I = 0.1M (NaNO3). The structures of isomeric complexes and the connected intramolecular equilibria are deduced and evaluated based on the equilibrium constants measured and those calculated via the pKa values of the above mentioned ligands and previously established log K vs. pKa straight-line plots (H. Sigel et al., Helv. Chim. Acta 1992, 75, 2634) for a simple phosphonate-M2+ coordination. pfa forms stronger complexes than ampa with all the above mentioned metal ions, with the single exception of [Cu(ampa)] which is slightly more stable than [Cu(pfa)]-. In neutral solutions, more precisely at pH of ca. 6, pfa complexes of alkaline-earth-metal ions retain one phosphonate-bound proton, [M(Hpfa)], while those of the transition-metal ions chelate with the trianionic ligand, pfa3-. In accord with increasing ligand-basicity, the stability-constant order for all metal-ion complexes is oxalate 〉 pfa 〉 pyrophosphate but, owing to proton competition in pyrophosphate, in neutral solutions metal-ion complexation of pfa3- competes with P2O74-. With ampa alkaline-earth-metal ions interact only with the phosphonate group of even the dianionic ligand (though Mg2+ appears to form a low fraction of a [Mg(ampa)] chelate) while transition-metal ions form chelates which are comparable in stability to those of glycinate.
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  • 82
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 1773-1780 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The crystal structure of the Sb2F11 salt of the 2-phenyladamant-2-yl cation, 1 · Sb2F11, was determined at 183 K (P21/c, R1 = 0.0652, σ(C—C) = 0.02 Å), because earlier published results indicated a charge delocalization from the cationic C(2) into the σ framework (C—C hyperconjugation) and a bending of the C(2) bridge. In the structure of 1, a displacement of the C(2) bridge by 7.8(12)° from the symmetrical position and C—C bond-length deviations from expectation values were found which are in agreement with preferential C—C hyperconjugation on one face of C(2). The interactions of 1 with two Sb2F11 counterions nearest to C(2) also indicate different behaviour of the two faces of C(2). The benzylic resonance in 1 is confirmed.
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  • 83
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The bicyclic monoselenoacetal 7, easily obtained from (±)-7-oxabicyclo[2.2.1]hept-5-en-2-one (6) via a radical addition-acyl migration sequence, was converted to racemic 12-epiprostaglandins 3 and 4. The key intermediate was the all-cis-formyllactone 2b related to Corey lactone (see 12; Scheme 1). The presence of a (tert-butyl)-dimethylsilyl protective group for the 11-OH substituent (prostaglandin numbering) was found to be crucial in avoidingβ -elimination and epimerization during the Wittig-Horner reaction (Scheme 2). Epimerization at C(12) at the formyllactone stage (see 2b) was also possible and gave the known precursor 1b of naturally occurring prostaglandins and analogs.
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  • 84
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: While trialkylamines and dialkyl(phenyl)amines do not react with CS2 in the sense of an addition reaction, the analogous phosphines react smoothly. Attempts to interpret the reaction course on the basis of semiempirical, HF, MP2, and MP4 calculations of energy changes failed completely. To understand why Me3P or Me2PhP react so vigorously (liquid phase, 300 K) with CS2, CASSCF and MRSDCI calculations must be carried out.
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  • 85
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 0The bipyridyl-armed tetra-p-(tert-butyl)calix[4]arenes 1-5 were synthesized from tetra-p-(tert-butyl)-calix[4]arene A and 6-(bromomethyl)-6′-methyl-2,2′-bipyridine (B) by direct base-strength-driven regioselective O-alkylation or by stepwise procedures. Preliminary complexation studies of the ligands 1-3 with CuI affording the complexes 6-8 are described.
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  • 86
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: (Hydroxymethyl)bilane synthase (HMBS) catalyses the conversion of porphobilinogen (2) into the (hydroxymethyl)bilane derivative 3, a linear tetrapyrrolic intermediate in the biosynthesis of haem, chlorophyll, and related pigments. The conversion involves the sequential formation of four intermediate covalent enzyme-substrate complexes, before the product is released. We analysed the pre-steady-state kinetics of the formation of the complexes, taking advantage of their remarkable chemical stability allowing chromatographic separation. The experimental approach involved the generation of the complexes while HMBS was immobilised on an anion-exchange column. A solution being 0.2 Km in substrate was pumped through the column during a time interval which was varied to sample the pre-steady-state period. Then, the enzyme and enzyme-substrate complexes were eluted and their proportions evaluated. A computer simulation of the pre-steady-state time course, in combination with a χ2 fitting to the experimental data, allowed the specificity constants kcat/Km for the individual steps of the process to be derived. By repeating the analysis with variants of HMBS in which specific amino acids were replaced by others, we demonstrated that it is possible to trace the consequences of amino-acid replacements down to the individual steps of the reaction sequence. Since the positions of the amino acids concerned in the three-dimensional structure were known, detailed structure-function relationships become evident in this way.
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  • 87
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Cyclic oligomers of (R)-3-hydroxyvaleric acid (3-HV) are prepared from the monomer by three different methods, giving various ratios of the oligomers. The macrocycles containing three to twelve 3-HV units (12- to 48-membered rings) are isolated in pure form by chromatography. The triolide 3 can be separated by distillation and isolated on large scale. Biopol, the copolymer of (R)-3-hydroxybutanoic acid (3-HB) and (R)-3-hydroxyvaleric acid (3-HV), is degraded to mixtures of Me- and Et-substituted triolides (‘mixolides’) with high crystallization tendency. The X-ray crystal structures of the tetrolide 4, pentolide 5, hexolide 6, heptolide 7, and of two ‘mixolides’ (with inclusions of solvent) have been determined (Figs. 3-7, 10, and 11) and are compared with those of the corresponding 3-HB derivatives reported previously. From the structural data, a 31 and a 21 helix of 3-HV can be modelled, and the latter one compared with helix structures of P9(3-HB) and P(3-HV) derived from stretch-fibre X-ray scattering. Crystals of a water-containing NaSCN complex of the triethyl triolide 3 were obtained in good quality for X-ray analysis. The structure (Figs. 12, 13, and Table 6) contains an interesting array of C=O and H2O O-atoms around the Na+ ions along a channel-type tube (a-axis of the crystal) which may be relevant to the role of P(3-HB) and P(3-HV) as components of cellular ion channels.
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  • 88
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: By conventional peptide-coupling methods (C to N direction; mixed anhydride, bis(2)-oxooxazolidin-3-yl)phosphinoyl chloride (Bop-Cl), or dicyclohexylcarbodiimide (DCC), 2-amino-2-methyl-3-(methylamino)-propionic acid and 2-amino-2-ethyl-3-(methylamino)propionic acid ( = 2-amino-2-[(methylamino)methyl]butanoic acid) are incorporated in the central position of tri-, penta-, and heptapeptides (see 3-7, 21, and 22). The fragment coupling of the β -amino group of the diamino-acid moiety in a tetrapeptide led to partial epimerization, and thus, two epimeric heptapeptide derivatives were actually obtained (7 and epi-7). The final deprotection to the free heptapeptide (involving a Me3SiI cleavage of BocNH and MeOCONH, a saponification with NaOH, and HPLC purification) gave both the desired product (isopeptide 21), with the β -amino group inside the peptide backbone, and a product (peptide 22) of transpeptidation, with the α-amino group of the diamino acid incorporated and a (methylamino)methyl group as the side chain. Peptide 22 is completely converted to the isopeptide 21 by prolonged treatment with base. The heptapeptide 21 was analyzed by elaborate 2QF-COSY and NOESY NMR measurements in H2O/CD3OD at -5° (Table, Fig.); there is no indication for β -sheet or helical structures, a fact which was also confirmed by CD measurements.
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  • 89
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994) 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 90
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    New York, NY : Wiley-Blackwell
    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 2070-2070 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
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  • 91
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The triphenylstannyl β-D-glucopyranoside 4 was synthesized in one step from the 1,2-anhydro-α-D-glucopyranose 3 with (triphenylstannyl)lithium (Scheme 1). Transmetallation of 4 with excess BuLi, followed by quenching the dianion 7 with CD3OD gave (1S)-1,5-anhydro-3,4,6-tri-O-benzyl-[1-2H]-D- glucitol (8) in 81% yield (Scheme 2). Trapping of 7 with benzaldehyde, isobutyraldehyde, or acroleine gave the expected β-D-configurated products 11, 12, and 13 in good yields. Preparation of C-acyl glycosides from acid chlorides, such as acetyl or benzoyl chloride was not practicable, but addition of benzonitrile to 7 yielded 84% of the benzoylated product 14. Treatment of 7 with MeI led to 15 (30%) along with 40% of 18, C-alkylation being accompanied by halogen-metal exchange. Prior addition of lithium 2-thienylcyanocuprate increased the yield of 15 to 50% and using dimethyl sulfate instead of MeI led to 77% of 15. No α-D-anomers could be detected, except with allyl bromide as the electrophile, which yielded in a 1:1 mixture of the anomers 16 and 17.
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  • 92
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Enantiomerically pure C2-symmetric 1,4-diols embodying bicyclic C-frameworks were synthesized by means of asymmetric carbo-Diels-Alder reactions as key steps (Scheme 1). They were investigated as chiral ligands in the enantioselective addition of ZnEt2 to aromatic aldehydes. In the presence of 20-40 mol-% of the titanates formed from these diols and [Ti(i-PrO)4] at -78°, the respective 1-arylpropanols were obtained with enantiomer ratios up to 93:7 (Scheme 2, Table).
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  • 93
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The oxidative transformation of synthetic (+)-aristoteline ((+)-6) into other metabolites which had been isolated from Aristotelia species was investigated. Thus, treatment of (+)-6 with I2 as the single oxidant furnished the naturally occurring indole alkaloids (+)-makonine ((+)-9),(+)-aristotelinone ((+)-11), or (+)-11, 12-didehydroaristoteline ((+)-7) in good yields, the selectivity of the oxidation process depending on the chosen reaction conditions.
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  • 94
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Preparation and screening of twenty new ligands, all analogs of α,α,α′,α′-tetraaryl-1,3-dioxolane-4,5-dimethanol (TADDOL), for the Ti-catalyzed asymmetric addition of methyltri(isopropoxy)titanium and diethylzinc to benzaldehyde are described. These ligands have the dioxolane ring of the TADDOL's replaced by cyclobutane, cyclopentane, cyclohexene, cyclohexane, bicyclo[2.2.1]heptene and -heptane and bicyclo[2.2.2]octene and -octane moieties; several have H-atoms or alkyl groups in place of the aryl groups, and nine of them have C2 symmetry. X-Ray crystallography and molecular mechanics are used to analyze the structure of the ligands, and two structural features appear to correlate with selectivity: (i) the torsion angle for the chelating O-atom and the ortho-C-atom of the axial Ph group (a small, ca. 19°, angle is optimum, Fig.8) and (ii) the “degree of perpendicularity” of the axial Ph group (Fig. 9). Competition experiments indicate that TADDOL 1a catalyzes both the methyltitanium and diethylzinc additions ≥ 50 times faster than the related dioxolane analogs 12a, 12c, and 12e (Scheme 7), indicating that both axial and equatorial aryl groups (see Footnote 6) are necessary for ligand-accelerated catalysis of these reactions. A refined mechanistic hypothesis is presented (Fig. 10) to explain the selectivities observed for these new ligands. Our analysis suggests that a combination of structural features appear necessary for good catalytic efficiency and high selectivity. These features, especially the rather subtle conformational effects, appear to be optimized (among the ligands tested) in the TADDOL's.
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  • 95
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 2117-2124 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: In a theoretical investigation of the structure and reactivity of indole derivatives of tricarbonylchromium(0), we have used two different semi-empirical quantum chemical models derived from the extended Hückel molecular-orbital (EHMO) formalism. The first one, based on the atom-superposition and electron-delocalization (ASED) method, is used to optimize the geometry of the systems; it is shown to lead to results in satisfactory agreement with experiment in the case of the complex for which X-ray structural data are available, the average errors being 0.03-0.05 Å for bond distances and 5° for bond angles. The second one consists of a local reactivity index, made of the intermolecular interaction energy between the organometallic substrate and a model reactant. It is seen that this procedure is able to reproduce the experimental trends as to the most reactive regions of the systems investigated towards nucleophilic and electrophilic addition reactions.
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  • 96
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 2133-2141 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: 1,3-Thiazole-5(4H)-thione oxides 2 were prepared by oxidation of the corresponding 1,3-thiazole-5(4H)-thiones 1 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid (Table 1). Addition reactions of 2 with organolithium and Grignard reagents yielded 4,5-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-1,3-thiazol-5-yl methyl sulfoxides of type 4 via thiophilic attack (Table 2). Whereas the reaction with the organolithium compounds proceeded with fair-to-excellent yields, the Grignard reagents reacted only very sluggishly. The sulfoxides 4 could also be prepared via oxidation of 4,5-dihydro-4,4-dimethyl-5-(methylthio)-1,3-thiazoles of type 3 with m-chloroperbenzoic acid, together with the corresponding sulfones 5 (Scheme 1).
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  • 97
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: The α-D-allo-diol 9 possesses an intramolecular H-bond (HO—C(3) to O—C(1)) in solution and in the solid state (Fig. 2). In solution, it exists as a mixture of the tautomers 9a and 9b (Fig. 3), which possess a bifurcated H-bond, connecting HO—C(2) with both O—C(1) and O—C(3). In addition, 9a possesses the same intramolecular H-bond as in the solid state, while 9b is characterized by an intramolecular H-bond between HO—C(3) and O—C(4). In solution, the β-D-anomer 12 is also a mixture of tautomers, 12a and presumably a dimer. The H-bonding in 9 and 12 is evidenced by their IR and 1H-NMR spectra and by a comparison with those of 3-8, 10, and 11. The expected regioselectivity of glycosidation of 9 and 12 by the diazirine 1 or the trichloroacetimidate 2 is discussed on the basis of the relative degree of acidity/nucleophilicity of individual OH groups, as governed by H-bonding. Additional factors determining the regioselectivity of glycosidation by 1 are the direction of carbene approach/proton transfer by H-bonded OH groups, and the stereoelectronic control of both the proton transfer to the alkoxy-alkyl carbene (in the σ-plane) and the combination of the thereby formed ions (π-plane of the oxycarbenium ion). Glycosidation of 9 by the diazirine 1 or the trichloroacetimidate 2 proceeded in good yields (75-94%) and with high regioselectivity. Glycosidation of 9 and 12 by 1 or 2 gave mixtures of the disaccharides 14-17 and 18-21, respectively (Scheme 2). As expected, glycosidation of 12 by 1 or by 2 gave a nearly 1:1 mixture of regioisomers and a slight preference for the β-D-anomers (Table 4). Glycosidation of the α-D-anomer 9 gave mostly the 1,3-linked disaccharides 16 and 17 (α-D β-D) along with the 1,2-linked disaccharides 14 and 15 (α-D 〈 β-D, 1,2-/1,3-linked glycosides ca. 1:4), except in THF and at low temperature, where the β-D-configurated 1,2-linked disaccharide 15 is predominantly formed. Similarly, glycosidation of 9 with 2 yielded mainly the 1,3-linked disaccharides (1,2-/1,3-linked products ca. 1:3 and α-D/β-D ca. 1:4). Yields and selectivity depend upon the solvent and the temperature. The regioselectivity and the unexpected stereoselectivity of the glycosidation of 9 by 1 evidences the combined effect of the above mentioned factors, which also explain the lack of regio-complementarity in the glycosidation of 9 by 1 and by 2 (Scheme 3). THF solvates the intermediate oxycarbenium ion, as evidenced by the strong influence of this solvent on the regio- and stereoselectivity, particularly at low temperatures, where kinetic control leads to a stereoelectronically preferred axial attack of THF on the oxycarbenium ion.
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  • 98
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Condensation of 3,4-dihydro-6,7-dimethoxyisoquinoline (4) with 4-methylnicotinoyl chloride (12) in refluxing pyridine gives 5,6,13,13a-tetrahydro-2,3-dimethoxy-8H-isoquino[2,1-b][2,7] naphthyridin-8-one (11), along with some of its 13,13a-didehydro derivative 7. A similar reaction of 4 with 4-(chloromethyl)nicotinoyl chloride (14) affords, in addition to 7, the isomeric product 10,11-dihydro-7,8-dimethoxy-13H-pyrido[4′,3′:3,4]pyrrolo[2,1- b][3]benzazepin-13-one (3). Analogous pairs of products are obtained from 3,4-dihydro-6,7-(methylenedioxy)- and 3,4-dihydro-6,7,8-trimethoxy-isoquinolines (15 and 18, resp.). The structure of 3 was established by extensive NMR data and confirmed by single-crystal X-ray studies. Structure 7 has the ring system of the Alangium alkaloids like alangimarinc (1), while the isomeric ring system 3 is predicted to be present in nature on biogenetic reasoning.
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  • 99
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    Helvetica Chimica Acta 77 (1994), S. 182-193 
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: We describe the synthesis of short double-stranded DNA fragments (see 4 and 13) which are capped on both ends by an optimally designed linker molecule. The new structures are stable with respect to hybrid dissociation and should have implications in physical studies involving double-stranded DNA as well as in the antisense area for the specific modulation of gene expressions.
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  • 100
    ISSN: 0018-019X
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Organic Chemistry
    Source: Wiley InterScience Backfile Collection 1832-2000
    Topics: Chemistry and Pharmacology
    Notes: Nucleophilic substitution of 6β-chloro-7,8-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan (1) and 8α-bromo-6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan (2) with lithium cyano(methyl)- and (aryl)cyanocuprates(I) (5a-c) was accompanied by allylic rearrangement with both change and retention of orientation of the substituting group (Scheme 1, Table 1). Nucleophilic substitution in 7,8-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6α-yl methanesulfonate (3) and 7,8-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methylmorphinan-6β-yl methanesulfonate (4) proceeded without allylic rearrangement with both change and retention of the orientation of the substituting group (Scheme 2, Table 1). X-Ray diffraction studies of the products 6,7-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-8α-phenylmorphinan (6b) and 7,8-didehydro-4,5α-epoxy-3-methoxy-17-methyl-6β-phenylmorphinan (7b) were carried out (Figs. 1 and 2).
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