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  • Articles  (18,392)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 3-7 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: The object of this paper is to outline the current thinking of the European Commission, or more accurately of DGXIII in Luxembourg, on the subject of that fascinating point of intersection between language and technology. An initial presentation of background issues will serve as a platform on which to analyse the direction the Commission's policy on linguistic research might take in the 4th Framework Programme (1994–98). Finally some suggestions will be made of ways in which language teachers, and researchers in the field of CALL, could try to become involved in the R+D activities of the Framework Programme (in the short/medium term) and, perhaps more importantly, influence the scientific content of future European Community research programmes.
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 8-13 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Variable and frequently inadequate grammatical competence among language learners is well-documented in school examiners' reports. Aside from curriculum requirements this has a deleterious effect on the acquisition of fluent and generative second (and third) language competence, both productive and receptive, and makes the task for learners much more onerous than it need be. We look to computer assisted learning for help, because of its ability to handle rule-governed domains such as grammar. For once there is a pleasing synergy between what learners need, and what computers can offer. Fluency in foreign languages has improved greatly since the introduction of the ‘communicative method’, so there is less need for computers to address this kind of problem, which is fortunate as they are quite unable to help with feedback on productive performance, or to act as a realistic interlocutor.
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 34-34 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 34-34 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 1-4 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 35-36 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 5-8 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This paper is about the development of an authoring tool for computerised reading comprehension exercises. The software tools used and some problems encountered using them are described. Using the authoring tools and running the program are discussed and the first experiences reported.
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 15-16 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 9-14 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Since 1984, CALL materials have been used on a regular basis in the German Department at the University of Aberdeen in integrated language courses, in order to practise and consolidate the material taught in face-to-face contact classes. CALL work essentially forms a backup to the taught part of the course. What the students are taught one week, they practise in their CALL class the following week, and additionally have the opportunity to work on further exercises on a private-study basis. Within the field of language learning, our experience suggests that the computer can be above all a superb tool for revision and consolidation. With the development and use of hypertext materials, there is more than just the possibility that it can now become even more effective than hitherto.
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 4-9 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: The retrieval of information by electronic means can involve several media: remote searching of large commercially-produced databases, utilising CD-ROM and multimedia applications, and electronic mail. Both the information retrieval techniques used in this process and the information retrieved are of relevance to those involved in computer-assisted language learning.
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 2-4 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: After attending the 1989 Exeter CALL Conference, David Shaw and John Partridge, two teachers from the University of Kent, recommended to the School of European and Modem Language Studies that the School should establish its own Computer Assisted Language Learning Laboratory. Several of us had been ‘keeping an eye’ on CALL for quite a few years, from the days when BBC micros were innovative marvels. The Applied Languages Board had acquired a BBC and some software and had gained some experience with it in postgraduate courses. David Shaw had been supervising practical programming projects for MSc students in Computing in the area of CALL and natural language processing. Our recommendation was that, with a new generation of microcomputers supplanting the trusty but limited BBC micro, a point had been reached where it would be realistic for the School to establish a CALL teaching laboratory on a more ambitious scale.
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 38-39 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 39-41 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 42-42 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 3 (1991), S. 44-45 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 20-22 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 21
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 22-22 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 22
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 23-24 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 23
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 16-16 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 24
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 17-18 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 25
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 10-12 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: In any language-teaching institution the teaching staff can legitimately be seen as consumers of the various teaching aids which are commercially available, ranging from the staple diet of books, set texts, secondary reading, to video material, slides, computer software, etc. Another way of interpreting the principle of consumership is that the students are the ultimate beneficiaries of the materials we use in our teaching. The extent to which our students benefit from our teaching is largely dependent on the materials that we have at our disposal. ‘Bad materials = bad teaching’ is a rather simplistic way of looking at this issue, but one which has a lot to commend itself in my view. Would we change our teaching methods if our students made constructive criticism? In a recent temporary teaching post I held as Visiting Associate Professor at the University of Kentucky, I was struck by the importance given across the board in the USA to official student surveys carried out by the college administration based on the professors' performance, the results of which can be crucial in the securement of tenure. The attitude in the UK (at least in the universities) is totally at odds with this particular sense of consumership, and one can imagine the degree of resistance that a plan to introduce a similar system of student assessment of lecturers might meet in this country, most obviously because students are not consumers in this country in quite the same sense that they are in the USA. Although the student assessment system itself clearly has its pitfalls there are some positive things to be gained from surveys of this kind, in that they can be very informative about student response to courses, teaching methods, etc., and can lead the way to improved teacher-student relations.
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  • 26
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 16-17 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 27
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 47-49 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 28
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 49-50 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 29
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 50-51 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 30
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 53-55 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 31
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 52-53 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 32
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 55-56 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 33
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 56-57 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 34
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 61-61 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 35
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 1-3 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 36
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 58-59 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 37
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 38
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 14-18 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: For the last few years an experimental course in ab initio Italian Language for postgraduate students of Renaissance Studies has been run at the University of Warwick. This paper examines the role of concordance programs in assisting the design and implementation of the course. In the light of growing request for Languages for Specific Purposes (LSP), it is argued that the concordancer provides suitable answers to the need to introduce students to subject specific language from an early stage.
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  • 39
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 24-25 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 40
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 26-28 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 41
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 26-26 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 42
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 19-23 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Although there is now a growing volume of literature on the role of electronic mail in schools, relatively little has been published about the specific value to modern language teachers of using such technology. In the few cases where projects have been described, it is claimed that such links are ‘valuable’ (NCET, 1991), with an implication that school age students are able to go beyond ‘mere transactional language’ to develop ‘more creative use of language’. This paper describes a language project which began from the premise that for teachers to embark on e-mail, with its additional costs, new approaches to classroom learning and training requirements, it would be essential to establish what realistic learning improvements might be expected. To look closely at the ‘cost-benefit’ ratio was felt to be particularly important in the context of increasingly tight budgetary control in schools.
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  • 43
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 31-34 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 44
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 29-30 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 45
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 35-35 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 46
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 5 (1993), S. 36-36 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 47
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 48
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 49
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 4 (1992), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 50
    Electronic Resource
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 2-5 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: In an era in which universities are being encouraged to see the need for strategy development in general, and information systems strategy development in particular, this paper explores some of the influences upon decision-making about information technology in UK university Modern Language departments. Findings from a series of interviews with Modern Language department heads and departmental computing representatives are discussed.
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  • 51
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 5-8 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This paper sets CD-ROM technology in the context of the new language learning pedagogy based on the communicative approach. It establishes a typology of language-related CD-ROM products, suggests ways of exploiting characteristic CD-ROM facilities and identifies fruitful new areas of development. It also looks at the logistics of CD-ROM use in an academic environment.
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  • 52
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 17-17 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 53
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 2 (1990), S. 24-24 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 54
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 1-2 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 55
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 1-3 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 56
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 1-1 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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  • 57
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 9-13 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This paper explores the impact of multimedia audio delivery and recording as a tool in language learning, in comparison with traditional technology. It traces the development of the field, and the experience of MLS Ltd. Two general approaches have evolved: Language Practice and Interactive Communication. These are described, with examples and observations on each type. The paper concludes with feedback and lessons learned from field studies, and pointers to potential future developments.
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  • 58
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 18-22 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: In this paper the application of the techniques of Computer Assisted Language Learning to aspects of pronunciation will be considered. The problems of such application will be discussed and will be seen to be serious; some products will be described; the prospects for future applications will be viewed and will be seen to be far from bleak. Although the paper addresses the situation in The Netherlands, it is hoped that it will be relevant for practitioners in other countries.
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  • 59
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    Cambridge : Cambridge University Press
    Recall 6 (1994), S. 3-8 
    ISSN: 0958-3440
    Source: Cambridge Journals Digital Archives
    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This paper explores the potential and limitations of Grammatik 5 as a tool for revising writing, particularly as a grammar checker and adviser. It will examine the proposition that writing strategies can be enhanced when the program is 'tuned' to suit a group of ESL writers, with grammar rules and advice written to meet the learner's specific needs.The rules and advice designed by the authors for Grammatik 5 have been chosen and written on the basis of an analysis of errors in a corpus of learner scripts within the academic genre of essay writing. The corpus contains a set of 28 essays written by 4 students over a period of 14 weeks in a university course designed to develop ESL students' writing skills.In the role of corrector the computer has to be unfailingly accurate. If, on the other hand, the computer is cast in the role of tool, to simply identify elements of the language to the learner, the shortcomings of the computer as infallible assessor can be avoided. This role is a more appropriate one given the complexities of evaluating written work and limitations in the capacity of the current generation of computer programs to correct reliably.A basic assumption of the paper is that the goal in using a grammar checker in this way is to extend the learners' capacity to review their written drafts and develop a critical approach to the writing process. While grammar checkers and advisers are not infallible in their analyses of English sentences, good use can be made of commercial programs when they are adapted appropriately.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 14-17 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Montevidisco is an interactive videodisc application intended for intermediate Spanish students. It combines language enrichment with elements of role-playing games as the student plays the role of someone visiting a hypothetical city in Mexico, interacting with native Spanish speakers in native situations via videodisc. The concept originated at Brigham Young University in the early eighties, with the video filming done at that time. More recently, the BYU Humanities Research Center has adapted the original material to run on standard microcomputer platforms.There are three implementations of Montevidisco in various stages of development. The first is a side-by-side version that uses a HyperCard stack on a Macintosh to control a separate videodisc player and monitor. The second version uses a video overlay configuration with ToolBook and Windows on an IBM platform. Both of these versions are 'finished' to the extent that they are being used in intermediate Spanish classes at BYU and elsewhere. General marketing arrangements are expected to be finalized this summer. The most recent implementation uses QuickTime on a Macintosh to display digitized video directly from the computer's hard disk.This paper begins with an explanation of the general features of Montevidisco that are common to all three implementations. It outlines some of the design considerations faced and explains how the choice of metaphor influenced those decisions. Some questions that have been raised during the testing and review process are also addressed. The paper then categorizes the significant differences between the three implementations and discusses the technological and pedagogical reasons for them. It concludes with a status report on the QuickTime version and gives an assessment of this new digital video technology in an instructional environment.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 29-29 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 23-28 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 70-71 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 53-62 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This paper reports action research into the use of electronic mail as a channel for giving feedback to English L2 writers in a sequence of writing process oriented technical communication courses. Four teachers used electronic mail feedback (EMF) regularly with 81 students on honours degree courses In information Systems and Computer Science. Electronic mail was used during planning and drafting stages in extended simulations of technical communication situations in concert with class meetings, workshop sessions, one-on-one and small group conference and with audiotaped summative feedback upon completion of major assignments.Teachers and students reported in response to a questionnaire and in interviews that they found EMF significantly advantageous in that it supports prompt, complete, and instrumental commentary on student work, empowers students to use English for authentic communication, and helps build positive relationships between students and native speaking teachers. All participants agreed that the extra channel of communication contributed to students' motivation to use invention techniques freely, to take risks with language and style in drafting, and to make substantive changes to text in drafting. Students reported that the objectivity of EMF was face saving, allowing them to use critical commentary from their teachers more productively. They also said that they found their teachers' use of EMF was a powerful demonstration of their willingness to make themselves available as mentors to their students.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 63-69 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: The article outlines the context of CALL development at the University of Ulster, and explains the basic concept of the Meta-Text program as an interactive notebook/workstation which is used for the teaching and learning of translation skills, but which may be linked to other exercises.It gives an account of its various prototypes as it has developed over the last five years. Extensive details of the formal evaluation of prototype 3 (version 2.1) are included. A description of the functionality of the most recent version (3.0) is given and the planned future enhancements of the program are outlined.On the basis of this incremental development, a set of software design principles are adduced, with particular emphasis being placed on the interaction of developers and users in that process. An assessment of the program is given, based on its formal and informal evaluation thus far. It is felt that the program gives instruction in key intellectual skills and, through its interactive and creative functionality, encourages the kind of judgement essential for specialist linguists. Its encouragement of the consultation of data and its capacity to accumulate linguistic material are also felt to be significant, as is its flexibility of use with different types of student. Although basically a selfstudy tool, it has considerable potential for various forms of tutorial use.It is anticipated that further development and evaluation will bring to light other valuable uses for the program.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 72-73 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 73-76 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 1-2 
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 1-1 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: Computer conferencing is a mode of communication in which participants send text messages between each others' computers which are all linked to a host computer via telephone lines. It is different from email in that it uses software that allows genuine group interaction. It is used for administrative purposes, for information exchange, for informal group interaction, and for distance education in which it can be combined with other media, e.g. face-to-face, satellite broadcasting, videoconferencing, ordinary correspondence, telephone contact, etc. The great benefit of computer conferencing for distance education is that it can be accessed at any time that is convenient to participants, since it need not be used for synchronous conferencing and the relevant files remain open to users for 24 hours of every day. It thus brings learners into frequent contact with each other as well as with their tutors and obviates, to a large extent, the need for cumbersome distance materials.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 3-8 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: The Horwood Language Centre at the University of Melbourne has recently installed a large Macintosh multimedia laboratory, dedicated to the learning of languages. This has proved an enormously popular facility, both for teachers and students. After only four months of operation, booking requests by teachers for the second semester of 1993 have exceeded capacity by one and a half times; students often queue to use the machines when the laboratory is open for self access.When the Language Centre began assembling the original submission to the University for funding for the laboratory, Centre staff were still relatively inexperienced in the design and installation of CALL laboratories, and the decision was taken to make extensive use of experts in FT and multimedia presentation within Melbourne University. However, despite this expert assistance, a number of unexpected problems presented themselves, some of which were potentially disastrous to the project.As a result, the Language Centre has learned a number of valuable lessons about CALL laboratory design. This paper presents some of the more important of these lessons, in the hope that they will be of assistance to any other institutions who may be contemplating the installation of a CALL laboratory in the near future.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 9-14 
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    Notes: The Jean de I'Ours project explores the use of pictures and authentic (non pedagogical) language in foreign language learning/teaching. This project is based on the assumption that pictures can be used in a cognitive way, that they are more than mere entertainment, and that pictures used for communication in language teaching/learning should be more than mere pictograms.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 19-26 
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    Notes: Research articles on CALL frequently proceed from the general to the specific. The general can take the form of a survey of the literature, a theory or theories of language teaching, learning or acquisition, or a summarised appraisal of a number of pieces of software; the specific is usually a collection of examples from a variety of sources to illustrate a principle. The merits of such an approach are widely recognised and are in no way disputed by the present writer. It is easy, however, for lack of attention to detail to leave the reader with many unanswered questions: Wouldn't it be alright to include/omit a given feature if... or if...? How did they come up with that technique? Why did/didn't they present the information this way? Exactly who was this designed for? How and when was it intended to be used? What constraints were they working under? In this article we have chosen to proceed in the opposite direction and trace the processes involved in developing one piece of software.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 27-33 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: This article reports on aspects of an investigation into learners' approaches to vocabulary learning that was carried out as part of an experimental project integrating CALL into an ESL (English as a Second Language)/computer training course. Data from two of the learners is presented, and contrasting ‘deep’ and ‘surface’ approaches are identified. The link between approach and learning outcome is demonstrated. The importance of qualitative analysis of learning processes, and the possible contribution of CALL to this kind of analysis, is discussed.
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  • 80
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 44-44 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 34-39 
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    Notes: Many factors affect the learning of a foreign language. When designing computer assisted language learning software it is usually not sufficient to think only about creating an exercise in the language, but students should be modelled in order to allow the program to take account of individuals' beliefs and learning. However, student models are criticised for various reasons, the most common of which include: 1. Modelling the learner places a great burden on the system, as it has sole responsibility for the creation of an accurate student model. 2. Student models are inadequate because it is not possible to model all aspects of a student's knowledge and learning. This paper describes the student model of an intelligent computer assisted language learning (ICALL) system which strives to overcome problems of traditional student models by taking into account issues important in the field of second language acquisition, and research in collaborative approaches to learning.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 40-43 
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    Notes: The Scandinavian countries are generally considered to have rather high standards in modern language teaching and learning, and at the same time to be reasonably well equipped with computers, videos and other information technology tools. This is true to a certain extent. Moreover, the situation differs a lot, not just from country to country, but within the same country from region to region. The following is not a complete survey, presenting the ‘state-of-the-art’ in the Nordic countries, but more a report of a number of initiatives taking place at the moment in the various countries or in a collaboration among countries.
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    Recall 6 (1994), S. 44-46 
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    Recall 5 (1993), S. 37-70 
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    Recall 4 (1992), S. 12-15 
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    Recall 4 (1992), S. 16-17 
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    Recall 4 (1992), S. 3-9 
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    Notes: In the world of the 1990s, linguistic and traditional discipline boundaries are breaking down. Consequently, many companies and organisations are faced with considerable communication problems, including a growing need for translation. It has recently been estimated, for instance, that the number of pages translated in Western Europe in 1986 was 100 million; by 1987 this was said to have increased to 160 million. A number of factors have contributed to this growth in demand. Product cycles are shorter, requiring more frequent updating of documentation; documentation has become more complex, concomitant with the increasing complexity of technology; companies have begun to realise that multilingual markets are generally bigger than monolingual ones; and large companies arethemselves often transnational.
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 25-26 
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 27-28 
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 28-30 
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 31-31 
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 32-32 
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    Recall 3 (1991), S. 1-3 
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 9-16 
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    Topics: Linguistics and Literary Studies , Computer Science
    Notes: The history of computer-aided language learning (CALL) dates back some 40 years. During this period two main types of system have been developed: frame-based and intelligent. These two types of programs are examined in turn below.
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 18-19 
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 19-19 
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 1-3 
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 1-1 
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 1-4 
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    Notes: Since the principal objectives of the CTI Centre for Modem Languages (CTICML) and of the other CTI Centres are to increase awareness of the potential of computers and other forms of IT in teaching and learning and to stimulate their actual use, it seemed a reasonable first step after the establishment of the CTICML in April 1989 to try to establish the current range of attitudes and practices in the field of lan- guages in higher education in the United Kingdom. We considered that this would both help us to gain a view of what had to be done and give us one yard- stick against which to measure the effect which our activities over the next few years will have had.
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    Recall 2 (1990), S. 12-15 
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    Notes: When Professor Jonathan Wilkenfeld presented ICONS to a group of staff and students from Karlsruhe College in Spring 1989 and subsequently let us in as “observers” of the ongoing simulation, we hardly suspected what a radically new kind of learning experience awaited us in an ordinary language class when we participated “for real” in Autumn 1989.
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