ALBERT

Note: Contents: Introduction ; 1. Collective Aspirations ; 2. Choice and Measure of Values ; 3. Do We Do Enough for the Future? ; 4. Is The World Too Risky? ; Conclusion ; Technical Appendix

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Grundlagen, einschl. Zielstellung. - 2. Geologisch-tektonischer Überblick. - 3. Ergebnisse. - 3.1 Harzaufrichtungszone. - 3.2 Huy. - 3.3 Hakel. - 3.4 Ascherslebener Sattel. - 3.5 Straßfurter Sattel. - 3.6 Weferlinger Triasplatte und Allertal-Störungszone. - 3.7 Östliches Subherzynes Becken. - 4. Vergleich der einzelnen Untersuchungsgebiete. - 5. Zusammenfassung und Schlußfolgerungen. - 6. Literatur. - Kurze Stellungnahme Bereichsleitung ZIPE III (Geologie).

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 0. Aufgabenstellung. - 1. Untersuchungsmethodik. - 1.1. Mächtigkeitsanalyse. - 1.2. Faziesanalyse. - 1.3. Genauigkeitsbetrachtung. - 2. Ergebnisse: Paläotektonische Entwicklung in der Trias. - 2.1. Vorbemerkungen. - 2.2. Spezielle Ergebnisse. - 2.2.1. Unterer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.2. Mittlerer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.3. Oberer Buntsandstein. - 2.2.4. Muschelkalk. - 2.2.5. Unterer Keuper. - 2.2.6. Mittlerer Keuper. - 2.2.7. Oberer Keuper. - 2.3. Grundzüge der Deckgebirgsentwicklung während der Trias. - 3. Hinweise für Folgearbeiten. - 4. Zusammenfassung. - 5. Literaturverzeichnis. - 6. Abbildungs- und Anlagenverzeichnis. - 7. Stellungnahme der Bereichsleitung.

Note: Inhaltsverzeichnis: 1. Das Illawerra-Reversal - aktueller Kenntnisstand. - 2. Ergebnisse aus der DDR bis 12/1980. - 2.1. ROTHER 1971 und 1974. - 2.2. Scholle von Calvörde. - 2.3. Thüringer Wald. - 2.4. Referenzprofil NPS. - 3. Untersuchungsergebnisse 1981 und 1982. - 3.1. Flechtinger Scholle. - 3.2. Thüringer Wald. - 3.3. Bohrung Mirow 1/1a/74. - 3.4. Bohrung Luckenwalde 1/80. - 3.5. Bohrung Parchim 1/68. - 3.6. Bohrung Rostock 1/68. - 3.7. Bohrung Richtenberg 2/64. - 4. Magnetostratigraphisches Korrelationsschema - stratigraphische Schlußfolgerungen. - 5. Paläogeographische und paläotektonische Schlußfolgerungen. - 5.1. Zum Vorkommen größerer Schichtlücken. - 5.2. Zu intraformationellen Schichtlücken. - 5.3. Zur Intensität der Absenkungsimpulse in der NPS. - 5.4. Zur Frage einer säkulären Paläoschwelle im NE der DDR. - 5.5. Die Saxonsedimentation im Thüringer Wald und in der NPS. - 6. Folgearbeiten. - 7. Stellungnahme der Bereichsleitung ZIPE III (Geologie).

Note: Contents: Teil 1: Politikwissenschaftliche Energiewende-Forschung: Grundlagen, Überblick und Rahmung ; Energiewende in Deutschland. Lokale, regionale und bundespolitische Perspektiven ; Die Energiewende in Deutschland – zwischen Partizipationschancen und Verflechtungsfalle ; Governance langfristiger Transformationsprozesse. Der Sonderfall „Energiewende“ ; Teil 2: Energiewende-Politik im europäischen Mehrebenensystem ; Grüne Umstellung, Energiewandel und Energiewende – Akteure in den Energiesystemtransformationsprozessen in Dänemark, Frankreich und Deutschland ; Der Energiepakt (Energieakkoord) in den Niederlanden: „grünes“ Poldermodell? ; Der Mythos vom Energiewendekonsens. Ein Erklärungsansatz zu den bisherigen Koordinations- und Steuerungsproblemen bei der Umsetzung der Energiewende im Föderalismus ; Mehrebenen-Dynamiken in der deutschen Energiewendepolitik. Die Rolle von Städten und Regionen am Beispiel von Baden-Württemberg ; Teil 3: Legitimation, Partizipation und Akzeptanz ; Öffentlichkeitsbeteiligung durch private Akteure: Eine empirische Analyse des deutschen Verfahrens zur Erstellung von Netzentwicklungsplänen ; Bürgerbeteiligung in Zeiten der Postdemokratie – Das Beispiel der Energiegenossenschaften ; Kommunale (Abwasser-)Unternehmen als ein Standbein der dezentralen Energiewende ; Teil 4: Diskurse, Konflikte und soziale Ungleichheit ; Energiekonflikte – Proteste gegen Windkraftanlagen als Spiegel demokratischer Defizite ; Die Energiewende als Demokratiewende? Umkämpfte Demokratisierungsprozesse in Augsburg und Berlin ; Die soziale Dimension der Energiewende – Initiativen und Beteiligungsverfahren zur Bekämpfung von Energiearmut in Nordrhein-Westfalen

Note: Contents: Kapitel 1: Einleitung ; Kapitel 2: Die Versorgung mit Wasserdienstleistungen als ökonomisches Allokationsproblem ; Kapitel 3: Versorgungsgerechtigkeit und Wasserpreis ; Kapitel 4: Versorgungsgerechtigkeit und Güterzugang: Zur Umsetzung eines Rechts auf Wasser ; Kapitel 5: Die Zumutbarkeit der pekuniären Hürde „Preis“: Zur Messung von affordability ; Kapitel 6: Instrumente der Versorgungsgerechtigkeit ; Kapitel 7: Zusammenfassung, Fazit und Ausblick

Note: Teilw. zugl.: Greifswald, Univ., Diss., 2001 u.d.T.: Kaiser, Knut: Geomorphologische und geoarchäologische Untersuchungen zur spätpleistozänen bis frühholozänen Beckenentwicklung in Mecklenburg-Vorpommern , Sprache der Zusammenfassung: Englisch , Zsfassung in dt. und engl. Sprache

Note: Contents: Introduction. - A changing climate. - The emerging land. - The frozen past. - From ice to sea. - Plant adaptation. - Land of contrasts. - Sheep farming - now and in the future. - Methane in the Arctic. , Parallel texts in Danish and English

Note: Contents: 1 Our Approach ; 2 The Evolution and Governance Architecture of the United Nations Climate Change Regime ; 3 International Relations Theories and Climate Change Politics ; 4 Cooperation on Climate Change: Insights from Game Theory ; 5 Computational Models, Global Climate Change, and Policy ; 6 Environmental Protection, Differentiated Responsibility, and World Trade: Making Room for Climate Action ; 7 Major Countries ; 8 Nonstate Actors in International Policy Making: The Kyoto Protocol and Beyond ; 9 Business ; 10 Equity and Development: Developing Countries in the International Climate Negotiations ; 11 Implementation, Compliance, and Effectiveness of Policies and Institutions ; 12 Our Conclusions

Note: TEIL I: Wo soll's hingehen? Berufswahl als Naturwissenschaftlerin Ein Spektrum an Karrieremöglichkeiten: Uni oder Industrie Sie haben es in der Hand: Entscheidungen beeinflussen den Karriereweg PhD und Postdoc: Die Krönung der Qualifikation oder überflüssiger Ballast? TEIL II: Bewerbung und Vorstellungsgespräch Stellenanzeige und Co: Wie kommen Sie zu Ihrer Traumposition? Dokumente verfassen: Beispiele und Erläuterungen mit Expertentipps Überzeugend im Interview Volle Konzentration: Das Assessment-Center Ein verführerisches Angebot? Gehalts- und Vertragsverhandlungen TEIL III: Im Berufsleben Tipps für den erfolgreichen Start Wo ist mein Platz? Von Konferenzen und Dinnerparties Die Spiele sind eröffnet! Herausforderungen im Job Führungseigenschaften: In den Schoß gefallen oder erlernt? Wenn die Hormone verrückt spielen: Herausforderungen an besonderen Tagen Kennen Sie Ihr Ziel? Chancen nutzen und neue Türen öffnen Alles hat ein Ende nur die Wurst hat zwei? TEIL IV: Sackgasse Mutter? Chancen und Herausforderungen unserer Zeit Die (politische) Lage Gibt es einen perfekten Moment, um Kinder zu bekommen? Über Unfruchtbarkeit im familienfreundlichen Langweiler-Job Wie sage ich's dem Chef? Schwangerschaft, Kinder und Karrierewunsch Frauen, Mütter, Arbeitgeber: Von schiefen Blicken und Vorurteilen Organisation von Arbeit und Familie (Erfolgs-) Geschichten

Note: Contents: Preface to Fourth Edition. - Preface to Third Edition. - Preface to Second Edition. - Preface to First Edition. - Acknowledgments. - PART I THE PERIGLACIAL DOMAIN. - 1 Introduction. - 1.1 The Periglacial Concept. - 1.2 Diagnostic Criteria. - 1.3 Periglacial Environments. - 1.4 The Periglacial Domain. - 1.5 The Periglacial Domain and the Cryosphere. - 1.6 Disciplinary Considerations. - 1.6.1 The Growth of Geocryology. - 1.6.2 The Challenge of Quaternary Science. - 1.6.3 Periglacial Geomorphology or Cold-Region Geomorphology?. - 1.7 Societal Considerations. - 1.8 The Growth of Periglacial Knowledge. - 2 Periglacial Climates. - 2.1 Boundary Conditions. - 2.2 Cold Deserts. - 2.3 Regional Climates. - 2.3.1 High Arctic Climates. - 2.3.2 Continental Climates. - 2.3.3 Alpine Climates. - 2.3.4 Montane Climates. - 2.3.5 Climates of Low Annual Temperature Range. - 2.3.6 Antarctica: A Special Case. - 2.4 Snow and Ice. - 2.5 Wind. - 2.6 Ground Climates. - 2.6.1 The 'n'-Factor. - 2.6.2 The Thermal Offset. - 2.6.3 The Ground Temperature Regime. - 2.7 Periglacial Climates and Global Climate Change. - 2.7.1 Basic Facts. - 2.7.2 Why Climate-Cryosphere Interactions Accelerate Climate Warming. - 3 Periglacial Ecosystems. - 3.1 General Statement. - 3.2 Biogeographic Zonation and Major Vegetation Types. - 3.3 Adaptations to Cold, Snow, Wind and Aridity. - 3.4 The Effect of Vegetation. - 3.5 The Polar Deserts. - 3.5.1 The High Arctic Polar Deserts. - 3.5.2 The High Arctic Polar Semi-Deserts. - 3.6 The Polar Desert-Tundra Transition. - 3.7 The Low-Arctic Tundra. - 3.8 The Forest-Tundra Bioclimatic Boundary (The Tree Line). - 3.9 The Boreal Forest. - 3.10 The Alpine and Montane Ecosystems. - 3.11 Antarctica - A Special Case. - 3.12 Periglacial Ecosystems and Climate Change. - PART II FROZEN GROUND AND PERMAFROST. - 4 Ground Freezing, Permafrost and the Active Layer. - 4.1 Introduction. - 4.2 Ground Freezing. - 4.2.1 Basic Concepts. - 4.2.2 Ice Segregation. - 4.2.3 "The Frozen Fringe'. - 4.2.4 Frost Heave. - 4.3 Perennially-Frozen Ground (Permafrost). - 4.4 Moisture and Ice Within Permafrost. - 4.5 Thermal and Physical Properties. - 4.5.1 The Geothermal Regime. - 4.5.2 The TTOP Model. - 4.5.3 Physical Properties. - 4.5.4 Thermal Properties. - 4.6 Permafrost Hydrology. - 4.6.1 Aquifers. - 4.6.2 Hydrochemistry. - 4.6.3 Groundwater Icings. - 4.7 The Active Layer. - 4.7.1 Terminology. - 4.7.2 The Active-Layer Thermal Regime. - 4.7.3 The Transient Layer. - 4.7.4 The Stefan Equation. - 5 Permafrost Distribution and Stability. - 5.1 Introduction. - 5.2 Controls over Permafrost Distribution. - 5.2.1 Relief and Aspect. - 5.2.2 Rock Type. - 5.2.3 Vegetation. - 5.2.4 Snow Cover. - 5.2.5 Fire. - 5.2.6 Lakes and Surface Water Bodies. - 5.3 Spatial Extent of Permafrost and Frozen Ground. - 5.3.1 Latitudinal Permafrost. - 5.3.2 Alpine (Mountain) Permafrost. - 5.3.3 Montane Permafrost. - 5.3.4 Seasonally-Frozen Ground. - 5.4 Sub-Sea and Relict Permafrost. - 5.4.1 Sub-Sea Permafrost. - 5.4.2 Relict (Terrestrial) Permafrost. - 5.5 Permafrost and Ecosystems. - 5.6 Permafrost Monitoring and Mapping. - 5.6.1 CALM and GTN-P (TSP). - 5.6.2 BTS and Mountain Permafrost Probability Mapping. - 5.7 Climate Warming and Permafrost. - 5.7.1 Evidence for Warming Permafrost. - 5.7.2 Evidence for Thawing Permafrost. - 6 Ground Ice and Cryostratigraphy. - 6.1 Introduction. - 6.2 Quantitative Parameters. - 6.3 Epigenetic, Syngenetic and Polygenetic Permafrost. - 6.4 Classification. - 6.4.1 The Russian Approach. - 6.4.2 The North American Approach. - 6.5 Main Ground Ice Types. - 6.5.1 Pore Ice. - 6.5.2 Segregated Ice. - 6.5.3 Intrusive Ice. - 6.5.4 Vein Ice. - 6.5.5 Other Types of Ice. - 6.6 Ice Distribution. - 6.6.1 Amounts. - 6.6.2 Distribution with Depth. - 6.6.3 Ice in Bedrock. - 6.6.4 Ice in Poorly-Lithified Sediments. - 6.7 Cryostratigraphy and Cryolithology. - 6.7.1 Cryostructural Analysis. - 6.7.2 Cryostructures of Epigenetic and Syngenetic Permafrost. - 6.7.3 Thaw Unconformities. - 6.7.4 Aggradational Ice. - 6.7.5 Icy Bodies and Ice, Sand and Soil Pseudomorphs. - 6.8 Ice Crystallography. - 6.9 Ice Geochemistry. - 6.10 Massive Ice and Massive-Icy Bodies. - 6.10.1 Nature and Extent. - 6.10.2 Intra-Sedimental Ice. - 6.10.3 Buried Glacier Ice. - 6.11 Cryostratigraphy and Past Environments. - 7 Aggradational Permafrost Landforms. - 7.1 Introduction. - 7.2 How Does Permafrost Aggrade?. - 7.2.1 The Illisarvik Drained-Lake Experiment. - 7.3 Thermal-Contraction-Crack Polygons. - 7.3.1 Coefficients of Thermal Expansion and Contraction. - 7.3.2 Ice, Sand and Soil ('Ground') Wedges. - 7.3.3 Development of the Polygon Net. - 7.3.4 Polygon Morphology. - 7.3.5 Controls over Cracking. - 7.3.6 Climatic Significance. - 7.4 Ice and Sand Wedges. - 7.4.1 Epigenetic Wedges. - 7.4.2 Syngenetic Wedges. - 7.4.3 Anti-Syngenetic Wedges. - 7.4.4 Growth and Deformation of Wedges. - 7.5 Organic Terrain. - 7.5.1 Palsas. - 7.5.2 Peat Plateaus. - 7.6 Frost Mounds. - 7.6.1 Perennial-Frost Mounds. - 7.6.2 Hydraulic (Open) System Pingos. - 7.6.3 Hydrostatic (Closed) System Pingos. - 7.6.4 Other Perennial-Frost Mounds. - 7.6.5 Seasonal-Frost Mounds. - 7.6.6 Hydrolaccoliths and Other Frost-Induced Mounds. - 8 Thermokarst Processes and Landforms. - 8.1 Introduction. - 8.2 Thawing Ground. - 8.2.1 Thaw Strain and Thaw Settlement. - 8.2.2 Potential Depths of Soil Freezing and Thawing. - 8.2.3 The Development of Thermokarst. - 8.3 Causes of Thermokarst. - 8.3.1 General Comments. - 8.3.2 Specific Causes. - 8.4 Thaw-Related Processes. - 8.4.1 Thermokarst Subsidence (Thaw Settlement). - 8.4.2 Thermal Erosion. - 8.4.3 Other Processes. - 8.5 Thermokarst Sediments and Structures. - 8.5.1 Involuted Structures. - 8.5.2 Retrogressive-Thaw-Slumps and Debris-Flow Deposits. - 8.5.3 Ice-Wedge Pseudomorphs and Composite-Wedge Casts. - 8.5.4 Ice, Silt, Sand and Gravel Pseudomorphs. - 8.6 Thermokarst Landscapes. - 8.6.1 The Alas-Thermokarst Relief of Central Yakutia. - 8.6.2 The Western North American Arctic. - 8.6.3 The Ice-Free Areas of Continental Antarctica. - 8.7 Ice-Wedge Thermokarst Relief. - 8.7.1 Low-Centred Polygons. - 8.7.2 High-Centred Polygons. - 8.7.3 Badland Thermokarst Relief. - 8.8 Thaw Lakes and Depressions. - 8.8.1 Lakes and Taliks. - 8.8.2 Morphology. - 8.8.3 Growth and Drainage. - 8.8.4 Oriented Thaw Lakes. - Part III Periglacial Geomorphology. - 9 Cold-Climate Weathering. - 9.1 Introduction. - 9.2 General Weathering Facts. - 9.3 Freezing and Thawing Indices. - 9.4 Rock (Frost?) Shattering. - 9.4.1 Frost Action and Ice Segregation. - 9.4.2 Insolation and Thermal Shock. - 9.4.3 Perspective. - 9.5 Chemical Weathering. - 9.5.1 Karkevagge. - 9.5.2 Solution and Karstification. - 9.5.3 Salt Weathering. - 9.6 Cryogenic Weathering. - 9.6.1 Cryogenic Disintegration. - 9.6.2 The Coefficient of Cryogenic Contrast. - 9.6.3 Physico-Chemical Changes. - 9.6.4 Problematic Phenomena. - 9.7 Cryobiological Weathering. - 9.8 Rates of Cold-Climate Bedrock Weathering. - 9.9 Cryosols and Cryopedology. - 9.9.1 Cryosols. - 9.9.2 Classification. - 9.9.3 Cryosolic Micromorphology. - 10 Mass-Wasting Processes and Active-Layer Phenomena. - 10.1 Introduction. - 10.2 Slow Mass-Wasting Processes. - 10.2.1 Solifluction. - 10.2.2 Frost Creep. - 10.2.3 Gelifluction. - 10.2.4 Solifluction Deposits and Phenomena. - 10.3 Rapid Mass-Wasting Processes. - 10.3.1 Active-Layer-Detachment Slides. - 10.3.2 Debris Flows, Slush Flows and Avalanches. - 10.3.3 Rockfall. - 10.4 Snow Hydrology and Slopewash Processes. - 10.4.1 Snow Hydrology and Snowbanks. - 10.4.2 Surface and Subsurface Wash. - 10.5 Active-Layer Phenomena. - 10.5.1 Frost Heaving. - 10.5.2 Bedrock Heave. - 10.5.3 Upward Heaving of Stones and Objects. - 10.5.4 Stone Tilting. - 10.5.5 Ne

Note: New citizens, new societies: new sciences, new philosophies?Objectivity for sciences from below -- Women, gender, development: maximally objective research? -- Do Micronesian navigators practice science? -- Pluralism, multiplicity, and the disunity of sciences -- Must sciences be secular? -- After Mr. Nowhere: new proper scientific selves..

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction St. Marys River Ice problems Remedial measures Field studies Highlights, trends, and major findings Modifications to boom Maximum forces Ship traffic Characteristics Effect of boom forces Effect on ice Conclusion Literature cited Appendix A: Ice boom forces

Note: CONTENTS Abstract Preface Introduction Experiments Test flume facility Experimental apparatus Experimental procedure Results Plastic versus freshwater ice Shoreline forces Boom forces Average shear stress under ice cover Internal forces Discussion Data scatter Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Experimental results

Note: Contents: Introduction -- Answer -- Creating a technology -- Scientific origins -- US technology push -- Building a market -- Japanese niche markets -- German demand pull -- Making it cheap -- Chinese entrepreneurs -- Local learning -- Doing it again -- Solar as a model to follow -- Applying the model -- Accelerating innovation.

Note: Text auf Englisch, Vorwort auf Deutsch, Französisch und Englisch, Zusammenfassung auf Deutsch, Französisch und Englisch.

Note: Introduction to the hydrologic cycle and drought -- Global hydroclimatology -- Drought in the climate system -- Drought and hydroclimate variability in the Holocene -- Climate change and drought -- Case studies: the Dust Bowl and the Sahel drought -- Desertification and land degradation -- Groundwater and irrigation.

Note: Inhalt Vorwort „Zu diesem Heft“ / B. BRÜMMER 1. Athmosphärische Bedingungen und Energiehaushalt der Arktis im Jahresgang / B. BRÜMMER 2. Regionale und globale Wechselwirkung zwischen arktischem Meereis und der atmosphärischen Zirkulation / K. DETHLOFF, A. RINKE, D. HANDORF, R. JAISER, W. DORN, A. SOMMERFELD 3. Arktische Verstärkung und Wolken / M. WENDISCH, A. EHRLICH 4. Arktische Zyklonen: Häufigkeit und Wirkung auf das Meereis / B. BRÜMMER 5. Polare Kaltluftausbrüche / M. GRYSCHKA 6. Arktische Polynjen / S. WILLMES, G. HEINEMANN, A. PREUSSER 7. Turbulente Energie- und Impulsflüsse in der atmosphärischen Grenzschicht über dem polaren Ozean / C. LÜPKES, A. SCHMITT, V. GRYANIK 8 Der katabatische Wind über Grönland / G. HEINEMANN Buchbesprechung Examina im Jahr 2017

Note: Contents: Foreword to the Encyclopedia ; Foreword to Volume 1 ; Introduction to Volume 1 ; PART I GENERAL THEMES The Goals of Climate Policy ; 1. The Science of Climate Change: A Legal Perspective on the IPCC ; 2. The Precautionary Principle and Climate Change ; 3. Setting the Social Cost of Carbon ; 4. Human Rights and Climate Change: Building Synergies for a Common Future ; Approaches to Addressing Climate Change ; 5. Climate Policy Instrument Choices ; 6. Corporate Social Responsibility and Climate Change ; 7. Local Authorities and Climate Change ; 8. Individual Behaviour, The Social Sciences and Climate Change ; 9. Criminal Law and Climate Change ; 10. Research and Scholarship on Climate Change Law in Developing Countries ; PART II INTERNATIONAL LAW PERSPECTIVE General Issues ; 11. The Climate as a Global Common ; 12. CBDR and Climate Change ; 13. The Potential Roles of the ICJ in Climate Change-related Claims ; 14. Unilateralism, Extraterritoriality and Climate Change ; 15. Climate Engineering and International Law ; 16. Carbon Capture and Storage as a Bridging Technology ; Treaties Related to Climate Change ; The UN Negotiation Process ; 17. The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change: A Framework Approach to Climate Change ; 18. The UNFCCC: Legal Scholarship in Four Key Areas ; 19. The Kyoto Protocol, With a Special Focus on the Flexible Mechanisms ; 20. The Kyoto Protocol’s Compliance Mechanism ; 21. REDD+ as a Climate Change Mitigation Mechanism ; 22. International Treaty Fragmentation and Climate Change ; Alternative International Approaches ; 23. ICAO and IMO: International Sectoral Approaches to Greenhouse Gas Reductions in Transport ; 24. Interlinkages Between Climate Change, Ozone Depletion and Air Pollution: The International Legal Framework ; 25. The WTO and Climate Change ; 26. Climate Change and International Investment Treaties ; PART III NATIONAL AND REGIONAL PERSPECTIVES ON REDUCING GREENHOUSE GASES General Issues ; 27. Polycentrism and Climate Change ; 28. Climate Change Federalism ; 29. Environmental Impact Assessments and Climate Change ; 30. The Role of the National Courts in GHG Emissions Reductions ; Regional and National Mitigation Approaches ; Emissions Trading ; 31. Greenhouse Gas Emissions Trading in the EU ; 32. North American Greenhouse Gas Emission Trading Systems ; 33. Emissions Trading in China ; Other Regulatory Approaches to Reduce Greenhouse Gases ; 34. Traditional Regulation’s Role in Greenhouse Gas Abatement ; 35. Carbon Taxes ; 36. Transportation as a Climate Wedge and Challenge under United States Law ; 37. Biofuel ; 38. Renewable Energy: Support Mechanisms ; 39. Renewable Energy: Public Acceptance and Citizens’ Financial Participation ; 40. Energy Efficiency and Conservation ; Mitigation Strategies in Developing Countries ; 41. India’s Climate Change Mitigation Strategy ; 42. Green Growth Policy in Korea ; PART IV ADAPTATION Specific Impacts and Sectors ; 43. Integrated Water Law and Climate Change: An EU Perspective ; 44. Water Availability and Allocation ; 45. Managing Ecosystem Effects in an Era of Rapid Climate Change ; 46.Ocean Adaptation ; 47. Coastal Issues ; 48. Adaptation and the Energy Sector ; Cross-cutting Issues and Adaptation Techniques ; 49. Adaptation Justice ; 50. Loss and Damage in the UN Climate Regime ; 51. Indigenous Peoples and Climate Change ; 52. Human Mobility and Climate Change ; 53. Urban Planning and Climate Change ; 54. Insurance ; 55. Disaster Law and Climate Change ; PART V CONCLUSIONS 56. The Emergence of Global Climate Law

Note: Contents: Introduction to Volume 2 ; 9. The paradoxes of democracy and the rule of law ; 10. Violence, wars, peace, security ; 11. International organizations and the technologies of governance ; 12. Governing capital, labor and nature in a changing world ; 13. Media and communications ; 14. Challenges of inequality to democracy

Note: Contents Abstract Preface Nomenclature Introduction Test objectives Experimental setup and procedures Facilities Test fixture Data acquisiton system Ice sheets Measurement of ice properties Daily test summary Experimental results and discussion Observations Ice force records Frequency of ice force variations Discussion Maximum crushing forces Mean effective pressure or specific energy of ice in crushing Failure energy of ice Ratio of maximum force to mean force Summary and conclusions Literature cited Appendix A: Data for continuous crushing tests

Note: Diplomarbeit, Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, 2001 , Inhalt: Zusammenfassung. - Abbildungen. - Tabellen. - 1 Einleitung. - 2 Das atmosphärische Aerosol. - 2.1 Grundlagen und Definition. - 2.2 Quellprozesse für atmosphärisches Aerosol. - 2.2.1 Gas-ta-partide conversion (GPC). - 2.2.2 Bulk-ta-partide conversion (BPC). - 2.2.3 Drop-ta-partide conversion (DPC). - 2.3 Senkenprozesse für atmosphärisches Aerosol. - 2.3.1 Koagulation. - 2.3.2 Trockene Deposition. - 2.3.3 Nasse Deposition. - 2.3.4 Nebeldeposition. - 2.4 Löslichkeit. - 2.5 Das Arktische Aerosol. - 2.5.1 Physikalische Charakterisierung. - 2.5.2 Chemische Zusammensetzung. - 2.5.3 Arctic Haze. - 3 Spurenstofftransport in die Sibirische Arktis. - 3.1 Saisonale Variationen. - 3.2 Einfluß der Druckverteilung auf den Transport. - 3.3 Charakterisierung der innerarktischen Zirkulation. - 3.4 Trajektorienstudien für Severnaya Zemlya. - 4 Probenpräparation und Meßverfahren. - 4.1 Zeitlicher Ablauf und Probenvorbereitung. - 4.2 Ionenchromatographische Analyse. - 4.2.1 Anionenmethode. - 4.2.2 Kationenmethode. - 4.2.3 Kalibration. - 4.2.4 Blindwerte. - 4.2.5 Meßgenauigkeit. - 5 Theorie der Schmelzwasserperkolation. - 5.1 Einführung und Definitionen. - 5.2 Verhalten der Ionen während des Schmelzens. - 5.2.1 Elutionsstärke in Abhängigkeit von der Schmelzhäufigkeit. - 5.2.2 Ionenfraktionierung als Folge des Schmelzens. - 5.2.3 Mögliche Ursachen für das Elutionsverhalten der Ionen. - 5.3 Prozesse beim Ausfrieren des Schmelzwassers. - 5.3.1 Entstehung verschiedener Eislagen. - 5.3.2 Verhalten der Ionen. - 6 Anwendung der Schmelzwasserperkolation. - 6.1 Dichte. - 6.2 Leitfähigkeit. - 6.3 Schneestratigraphie. - 6.4 Ionensignal. - 7 Datierung. - 7.1 Problemstellung. - 7.2 Ableitung einer Tiefe-Alter-Relation. - 7.3 Datierungsfehler. - 8 Ergebnisse und Diskussion. - 8.1 Interpretation der Ionenkonzentrationen hinsichtlich der Aerosolkomposition. - 8.1.1 Vergleich von Ionenzusammensetzung und Gesamtleitfähigkeit. - 8.1.2 Ableitung der Aerosolzusammensetzung für Akademii Nauk aus den Ionenzeitreihen. - 8.2 Langzeitliche Variationen. - 8.2.1 Diskussion des Sulfateintrags. - 8.2.2 Diskussion des Nitrateintrags. - 8.2.3 Diskussion des Chiarideintrages. - 8.3 Singuläre Ereignisse. - 8.3.1 Biomassenverbrennung. - 8.3.2 Vulkanogene Einträge. - 9 Ausblick. - A IC-Analysebedingungen. - B Bestimmung der Flüssigleitfähigkeit. - C Statistik und Zeitreihenanalyse. - C.1 Verwendung des Medianwertes. - C.2 Gauß'sches Tiefpaßfilter. - D Daten.

Note: Contents Volume 1 Part I Natural Science Basics 1 Introduction into Physical Oceanography / Rebecca Hummels 2 Ecological Organization of the Sea / Birte Matthiessen, Franziska Julie Werner, and Matthias Paulsen 3 Marine Ecosystem Services / Markus Salomon and Henriette Dahms Part II Impacts of Sectoral Marine Activities 4 Impact of Fishing Activities on Marine Life / Gerd Kraus and Rabea Diekmann 5 Mariculture / Thomas A. Wilding, Kenneth D. Black, Steven Benjamins, and Iona Campbell 6 Shipping / Alan Simcock 7 Impacts of Coastal Developments on Ecosystems / Christian Winter 8 Offshore Oil and Gas Production and Transportation / Stanislav Patin 9 Exploitation of Offshore Wind Energy / Jens Lüdeke 10 Dredging for Navigation, for Environmental Cleanup, and for Sand/Aggregates / Craig Vogt, Eugene Peck, and Gregory Hartman 11 Environmental Risks of Deep-sea Mining / Philip P. E. Weaver, David S. M. Billett, and Cindy L. Van Dover 12 Dumped Chemical Weapons / Jacek Bełdowski 13 Marine Climate Engineering / David P. Keller Part III Impacts of Land-Based Activities 14 Agriculture / Oene Oenema, Qian Liu, and Jingmeng Wang 15 Land-Based Industries / Elisabeth Schmid 16 Land-Based Wastewater Management / Stephan Koester 17 Tourism / Alan Simcock Part IV Pollution from Diffuse Sources 18 Climate Change: Warming Impacts on Marine Biodiversity / Helmut Hillebrand, Thomas Brey, Julian Gutt, Wilhelm Hagen, Katja Metfies, Bettina Meyer, and Aleksandra Lewandowska 19 Ocean Acidification / Peter Thor and Sam Dupont 20 Pollution with Hazardous Substances / Katja Broeg and Norbert Theobald 21 Pollution with Radioactive Substances / Hartmut Nies 22 Eutrophication / Justus E. E. van Beusekom 23 Marine Litter / Stefanie Werner and Aleke Stöfen O’Brien 24 Input of Energy/Underwater Sound / Olaf Boebel, Elke Burkhardt, and Ilse van Opzeeland 25 Introduction of Non-indigenous Species / Ralph Kuhlenkamp and Britta Kind

Note: Einleitung --- I Angewandte Mathematik und Grundlagen für das Machine Learning --- Lineare Algebra --- Wahrscheinlichkeits- und Informationstheorie --- Numerische Berechnung --- Grundlagen für das Machine Learning --- II Tiefe Netze: Zeitgemäße Verfahren --- Tiefe Feedforward-Netze --- Regularisierung --- Optimierung beim Trainieren von tiefen Modellen --- CNNs --- Sequenzmodellierung: RNNs und rekursive Netze --- Praxisorientierte Methodologie --- Anwendungen --- III Deep-Learning-Forschung --- Lineare Faktorenmodelle --- Autoencoder --- Representation Learning --- Strukturierte probabilistische Modelle für Deep Learning --- Monte-Carlo-Verfahren --- Die Partitionsfunktion --- Approximative Inferenz --- Tiefe generative Modelle --- Literaturverzeichnis --- Abkürzungsverzeichnis --- Index

Note: Contents: CHAPTER 1 Introduction ; CHAPTER 2 A Classical Monetary Model ; CHAPTER 3 The Basic New Keynesian Model ; CHAPTER 4 Monetary Policy Design in the Basic New Keynesian Model ; CHAPTER 5 Monetary Policy Tradeoffs: Discretion versus Commitment ; CHAPTER 6 A Model with Sticky Wages and Prices ; CHAPTER 7 Unemployment in the New Keynesian Model ; CHAPTER 8 Monetary Policy in the Open Economy ; CHAPTER 9 Lessons, Extensions, and New Directions ; Index

Note: Contents: Preface. - Abstracts (in the alphabetic order). - The natural environment and cryosphere of the Tatra Mountains by Bogdan Gądek. - IASC Working Group on Arctic Glaciology. - General programme.

Note: Geleitwort in englischer Sprache

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 83-October 84. - II. Planned Activities, October 84-October 85. - References.

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 80-October 81. - II. Planned Activities, October 81-October 82. - References.

Note: Contents: 1. Indian diversity and global migrations ; 2. The great Indian migration wave ; 3. Merchants and capital ; 4. Diasporas and Dreams ; 5. Partitions and displacments ; 6. Migration and development

Note: Why economic geography is good for you -- What is economic geography? -- Inventing economic geography : histories of a discipline -- Economic geography and its border country -- Theory and theories in economic geography -- Method and methodology in economic geography -- Unboxing economic geography -- Globalization and uneven development -- Money and finance -- Cities and urbanization -- Nature and the environment -- Industrial and technological change.

Note: Contents: 1 Religion: It's a market ; 2 What determines religiousness ; 3 Religion and economic growth ; 4 Islam and economic growth ; 5 State religion ; 6 Religious clubs, terrorist organizations, and Tibetan Buddhism ; 7 When saints come marching in ; 8 The wealth of religions

Note: Contents: 1: Looking Foolish ; 2: The Demographics of Disaffiliation ; 3: Why They Say They Leave ; 4: The Night Before ; 5: Gaudium et spes, luctus et angor ; 6: The Morning After ; 7: Unto the Third and Fourth Generations ; Epilogue: Did the Council Fail?

Note: Contents: Preface / Helle V. Goldman, Bruce Forbes & Gary Kofinas. - Research planning in the face of change: the human role in reindeer/caribou systems / Gary Kofinas, Gail Osherenko, David Klein & Bruce Forbes. - Reindeer husbandry/hunting in Russia in the past, present and future / Leonid M. Baskin. - Chukotkan reindeer husbandry in the post-socialist transition / Patty A. Gray. - Nenets reindeer herders on the lower Yenisei River: traditional economy under current conditions are responses to economic change / Konstantin B. Klokov. - Reindeer pastoralism in modern Siberia: research and survival during the time of crash / Igor Krupnik. - Managing reindeer and wildlife on Alaska's Seward Peninsula / Jim Dau. - Response of reindeer and caribou to human activities / Scott A. Wolfe, Brad Griffith & Carrie A. Gray Wolfe. - High voltage transmission lines and their effect on reindeer: a research programme in progress / Eigil Reimers, Kjetil Flydal & Rune Stenseth. - Responses of West Greenland caribou to the approach of humans on foot / Peter Aastrup. - Arctic grazing systems and industrial development: can we minimize conflicts? / David R. Klein. - Regional effects of climate change on reindeer: a case study of the Muotkatunturi region in Finnish Lapland / Susan E. Lee, Malcolm C. Press, John A. Lee, Tim Ingold & Terhi Kurttila. - Reindeer in tundra ecosystems: the challenges of understanding system complexity / Feodor V. Kryazhimskii & Alexey N. Danilov. - Status, directions and priorities of reindeer husbandry research in Sweden / Öje Danell. - Need and opportunity for a North American caribou knowledge cooperative / Don Russell, Gary Kofinas & Brad Griffith. - Native reindeer herders' priorities for research / Johan Mathis Turi. - Letter from Varandei / Andrei V. Golovnev.

Note: CONTENTS: Introduction - All Staff meeting 2002 / Per Undén. - Report of Hirlam Management Group visit to Met Éireann / Per Undén. - The operational HIRLAM at the Finnish Meteorological Institute / Kalle Eerola. - Recent changes in the operational suites at Météo-France / Dominique Giard. - HIRLAM operational activities in Met Éireann / Ray McGrath. - Operational HIRLAM at met.no / Ole Vignes. - SMHI operational HIRLAM systems / Lars Meuller. - Revision of the ECMWF humidity analysis 1: Construction of a gaussian control variable / Elías Valur Hólm. - A nudging procedure to assimilate analyses of cloud and precipitation in a version of HIRLAM / Bent Hansen Sass and Claus Petersen. - HIRLAM 4DVAR / Xiang-Yu Huang, Xiaohua Yang, Nils Gustafsson, Kristian Mogensen and Magnus Lindskog. - Progress in the investigation of problems in the operational 4d-var assimilation at Météo-France / Dominique Giard. - Recent and future developments in the turbulence modeling in HIRLAM / Geert Lenderink. - Parametrization of the effects of subgrid-scale orography / Laura Rontu and Kai Sattler. - ISBA tests in a Nordic area - an update / Simo Järvenoja. - Results of the SAT-MAP-CLIMATE project / Niels Woetmann Nielsen, Charlotte Hasager, Henrik Søgaard, Jens H Chrisensen, Niels Otto Jensen and Eva Bøgh. - Progress and problems in the Functional Boxes / Erik Bazile. - Status Kain Fritsch Rash Kristjansson and Hirlam 22 km experiences / Sander Tijm, Roy Wichink, Oscar van de Velde, Ben Wichers Schreur and Toon Moene. - The representation of shallow cumulus convection and associated cloud fields in the Rossby Centre Atmospheric modell / Colin Jones and Enrique Sanchez. - Parametrization of mountain-related effects in fine-scale HIRLAM - items for discussion / Laura Rontu. - Testing alternative lateral boundary strategies: A progress report / Aidan McDonald. - Current situation with the NH HIRLAM / Aarne Mannik and Rein Room. - Manipulations to determine the hybrid coordinate in HIRLAM / Per Undén and Nils Gustafsson. - Comparison of convection and condensation schemes under non-hydrostatic Hirlam model: A case study / Sami Niemela and Carl Fortelius. - Real time solution of forward and inverse air pollution problems with a numerical dispersion model based on short-term weather forecasts / Mikhail Sofiev. - Asyncronous I/O in HIRLAM / Ole Vignes. - HIRLAM coding styles / Gerard Cats. - NWP on a GRID compute environment / Gerard Cats. - HIRLAM verification scores, 1st quarter 2002 / Per Undén. - Validation test for HIRLAM 5.1.4: winter condition / Xiaohua Yang. - Recent tests of proposed revisions to the STRACO cloud scheme / Bent Hansen Sass and Xiaohua Yang.

Note: INHALT: EDITORIAL. - Auf den Spuren des Wandels: Forschung an den Brennpunkten unseres Planeten. - SCHWERPUNKTTHEMA. - Hotspot Arktis – wenn das Eis verschwindet. - OZEANOGRAPHIE. - E-Mails vom Filchner-Schelfeis. - MEEREISVORHERSAGE. - Wenn zwei sich „streiten“. - KLIMAMODELLIERUNG. - Stets die richtige Maschenweite. - HYDROAKUSTIK. - Der Sound des Ozeans. - OZEANOGRAPHIE. - Der Wärme-Pulsschlag des Nordatlantiks. - OZEANOGRAPHIE. - Wohin wandert der Rieseneisberg vom Larsen C-Schelfeis?. - ATMOSPHÄRENFORSCHUNG. - Per Anhalter in die Arktis. - KLIMAMODELLIERUNG. - Die Stärken des Rechnens. - FERNERKUNDUNG. - Die Lücken im Blick. - ATMOSPHÄRENFORSCHUNG. - Die Ozon-Story. - MEEREISPHYSIK. - Messungen aus der Vogelperspektive. - FORSCHUNGSVERBUND. - Den Klimawandel vor der Haustür verstehen. - INFOGRAFIK. - Einblicke in das Klima der Vergangenheit. - MEERESSPIEGELANSTIEG. - Eis weg - Land unter!. - IMPRESSUM.

Note: Contents: Membership of the National Committee on Antarctic Research in the Federal Republic of Germany. - Introduction. - Stations. - I. Record of Activities (past and ongoing), April 81-October 82. - II. Planned Activities, October 82-October 83. - References.

Note: Contents: What Is Telecoupling? ; Telecoupling: A New Framework for Researching Land-Use Change in a Globalised World ; Explanations in Telecoupling Research ; Mapping Export-Oriented Crop Production ; Telecoupling and Consumption in Agri-Food Systems ; Toolbox: Flow Analysis—Social Metabolism in the Analysis of Telecoupling ; Trade and Land-Use Telecouplings ; Governance for Sustainability in Telecoupled Systems ; Toolbox: Operationalising Telecoupling with Network Analysis ; Environmental Justice in Telecoupling Research ; Livelihoods through the Lens of Telecoupling ; Toolbox: Spatial Analysis and Modelling ; Urban Telecouplings ; Conservation Telecouplings ; Toolbox: Capturing and Understanding Telecoupling through Qualitative Research ; Discursive Telecouplings ; Beyond Integration: Exploring the Interdisciplinary Potential of Telecoupling Research ; Co-producing Knowledge for Sustainable Development in Telecoupled Land Systems

Note: Table of Contents Abstract Kurzfassung Abbreviations and nomenclature 1. Introduction 2. Scientific Background 2.1. Permafrost 2.2.Retrogressive Thaw Slumps 2.3. Inputs of Freshwater, Sediment and Carbon into the Canadian Beaufort Sea 3. Study Area 3.1. Regional Setting: Yukon Coast and Herschel Island 3.2. Retrogressive Thaw Slumps 4. Material and Methods 4.1. Field Work 4.1.1. Terrain Photography 4.1.2. Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) 4.1.3. Light Detection And Ranging (LiDAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 4.1.4. Micrometeorology 4.1.5. Discharge Measurement 4.1.6. Multiple Regression-Statistical Relationships between Micrometeorological Variables and Discharge 4.1.7. Sampling 4.2. Laboratory Analyses 4.2.1. Sedimentological Analyses 4.2.2. Hydrochemical Analyses 4.3. Fluxes of Sediment and (In-) Organic Matter 5. Results 5.1. Field Work 5.1.1. Terrain Photography 5.1.2. Differential Global Positioning System (DGPS) 5.1.3. Light Detecting And Ranging (LiDAR) and Digital Elevation Model (DEM) 5.1.4. Micrometeorology 5.1.5. Discharge 5.1.6. Multiple Regression - Statistical Relationships between Micrometeorology and Discharge 5.2. Laboratory Analyses 5.2.1. Sedimentological Analyses 5.2.2. Hydrochemical Analyses 5.3. Fluxes of Sediment-meltwater 6. Discussion 6.1. Microclimatological and Geomorphological Factors Controlling Discharge 6.1.1. Diurnal Variations 6.1.2. Seasonal Variations 6.2. Contribution of Retrogressive Thaw Slumps to the Sediment Budget of the Yukon Coast 6.2.1. Origin of Outflow Material 6.2.2. Slump D in the Regional Context 6.2.3. Seasonal Sediment Budget Compilation for Slump D 6.2.4. Retrogressive Thaw Slump Occurrence along the Yukon Coast 6.2.5. Input to the Beaufort Sea 6.3. Projected Climatic Change and its Impact on Retrogressive Thaw Slump Outflow 6.4. Uncertainties and Limitations 6.5. Future Research 7. Conclusion 8. Appendix 8.1. Field Work 8.1.1. Slump D's northern headwall profile 8.1.2. Collinson Head slump 8.1.3. Herschel Island West Coast slump 8.1.4. Roland Bay slump 8.1.5. Kay Point slump 8.2. Laboratory Work 8.2.1. Volumetric Ice Content 8.2.2. Grain Size 8.3. Evolution of Slump D 8.3.1. Geo Eye satellite of Slump D 8.3.2. Aerial Oblique Photography of Slump D 8.3.3. LiDAR of Slump D 8.3.4. Time Lapse Photography of Slump D's Headwall 9. References 10. Financial and technical support 11. Acknowledgement - Danksagung