ALBERT

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Monitoring the crisis of a rock glacier with repeated UAV surveys〈/b〉〈br〉 Sebastián Vivero and Christophe Lambiel〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 59-69, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-59-2019, 2019〈br〉 〈p〉In this study, rapid topographic changes and high creeping rates caused by the destabilisation of an active rock glacier in a steep mountain flank were investigated in detail with five unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys between June 2016 and September 2017. State-of-the-art photogrammetric techniques were employed to derived high-density point clouds and high-resolution orthophoto mosaics from the studied landform. The accuracy of the co-registration of subsequent point clouds was carefully examined and adjusted based on comparing stable areas outside the rock glacier, which minimised 3-D alignment errors to a mean of 0.12 m. Elevation and volumetric changes in the destabilised rock glacier were quantified over the study period. Surface kinematics were estimated with a combination of image correlation algorithms and visual inspection of the orthophoto mosaics. Between June 2016 and September 2017, the destabilised part of the rock glacier advanced up to 60–75 m and mobilised a volume of around 27 000 m〈span〉〈sup〉3〈/sup〉〈/span〉 of material which was dumped over the lower talus slope. This study has demonstrated a robust and customisable monitoring approach that allows a detailed study of rock glacier geometric changes during a crisis phase.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Du retrait à la reconquête : pratiquer la ville après un épisode psychotique〈/b〉〈br〉 Zoé Codeluppi〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 41-58, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-41-2019, 2019〈br〉 This paper intent to bring to light urban practices of young people living with a diagnosis of psychosis while recovering. My work points out the diversity of urban spaces inhabited by participants during the recovery process which includes institutional space private, as well as public places. I then highlight the continuous variability of symptoms over the recovery period implies alternately practices of withdrawal and reconquest of the urban space, as the recovery process is moving forward.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Book review: 〈i〉Die Erde, der Mensch und das Soziale.〈/i〉 〈i〉Zur Transformation gesellschaftlicher〈/i〉 〈i〉Naturverhältnisse im Anthropozän〈/i〉〈/b〉〈br〉 Pascal Goeke〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 27-29, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-27-2019, 2019〈br〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉The lived city: everyday experiences, urban scenarios, and topological networks〈/b〉〈br〉 Alicia Lindón〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 31-39, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-31-2019, 2019〈br〉 The subject is the city understood as a lived territory: it develops a theoretical–methodological approach to the sociospatial construction of urban territory. The first part presents the spatial practices and the urban imaginaries. The second part integrates the territorialization of affectivity. The third part considers urban scenarios. Individual topological networks are then incorporated as sequences of urban scenarios, leading on to the crisscrossing of different topological networks.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Territory, enclosure, and state territorial mode of production in the Russian imperial periphery〈/b〉〈br〉 Vera Smirnova〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 13-25, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-13-2019, 2019〈br〉 This paper examines territorial practices of enclosure in the Russian land commune. Using archival research, it explores how the state and territory in the periphery were dialectically co-produced through spatial technologies and public discourses. This work brings a territorial dimension into Russian agrarian scholarship by positioning the imperial rural politics within the context of capitalist land enclosure, thereby introducing complexity into the state-centric Western territory debate.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Migrantische Ökonomien zwischen Potentialorientierung und Differenzmarkierung. Konzeption und Erträge eines „prä-postmigrantischen“ Forschungsgegenstands〈/b〉〈br〉 Charlotte Räuchle and Henning Nuissl〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 74, 1-12, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-74-1-2019, 2019〈br〉 Especially in metropolises, various political programmes aim at commodifying the potential of migrant economies for urban development. Nevertheless, there is a gap in research concerning the importance of migrant economies for urban development in smaller cities. This article discusses the topic as an issue of research and local politics in a 〈q〉post-migrant〈/q〉 perspective. In the end, various challenges remain on how to deal with 〈q〉migrant economies〈/q〉 in political and academic practice.

Beschreibung: “Transversal city” and transtopia are an invitation to rethink, conceptually and empirically, our urban future. Individual actors, persons with and without migration/flight background, today appear more and more transversal with respect to how they perceive the world, how they give themselves an identity, how they confront others, and how they observe, reflect, and produce knowledge. Previous “modern” static, clearly defined, and discernible constructions of belonging, which follow the “either/or” logic of socio-structural statistical ordering schemes, are actively rejected in a reflected way. Instead, belonging and identity are constructed individually following a reasoning which is transversal: spontaneously, situationally, by improvisation, oriented to potentials, crossing boundaries, transgressing, and generating abstract order and multiple references. Observed transgressive tendencies are discussed starting from a postmigrant perspective, which is part of the recent migration discourse. By identification of four main characteristic discursive moments, transversality is conceptualized, analyzed, and differentiated from the explicitly postmigrant perspective, which is part of the critical perspective. Instead, the concept of the “transversal city” arises with its changed modes of knowledge production, its consequences for social justice and sustainable development, and the evolution of a new processuality of governance, in politics and planning, urban agendas, and the production of “the urban”.

Beschreibung: Italy, situated prominently middle of the Mediterranean Sea, has been confronted with migration and refugee issues for a long time. Within the European migration system it is a telling example of the way the issue of migration is dealt with more generally. After a prolonged phase of ignoring the existing exigencies of integration and regulation of the already present migrants on the territory, the country experienced a peak of arrivals of migrants on its coastlines in 2015/16. Since then, numbers of in-migration have been decreasing. Still, in the public discourse the idea of an invasion, e.g. mass immigration, continues. For many years the SPRAR system had contributed to tackling a situation of crisis by involving civil society and by reaching out for solutions beyond management. The article emphasizes that the migration crisis can be understood only when taking into account different realities and expectations. It further presents the case study of Genoa. Here, the crisis is mastered by normalisation and local action.

Beschreibung: In this “positioning” we discuss current developments, possibilities and challenges around working with film in and for geography. We describe possibilities that certain conscious and collaborative ways of employing film offer: They point beyond film analysis and are more than a mere add-on to communicate research results, but rather can stimulate new forms of reflexivity and creativity along different steps of research and teaching processes. We further show how the emergence of new digital and physical platforms can enable and support exchange on film and other digital media, using the example of our new media laboratory (mLab) at the University of Bern.

Beschreibung: The article discusses Spiegelbilder des Klimawandel – Die Fotografie als Medium der Umweltbildung, written by Eva Nöthen and published by Transcript. It starts with the methodological concept that is developed by the author as an approach to dissect a corpus of photografic images and their embedding into the respective journal article. This is followed by an attempt to locate Nöthen's contribution into a broader discussion on how individual perception and the will to act with regard to climate change are intertwined. I especially address emotional-affective moments of image perception and the aesthetics of photography.

Beschreibung: Poststructuralist theory focuses largely on describing how and why subjects reproduce the social conditions they have internalised. This is a deconstruction of the central idea of the Enlightenment, the human capacity for autonomous action. At the same time, however, it also denies all individuals any responsibility and ultimately leads criticism into a crisis. Pragmatist philosophy offers the possibility of determining the role of the mind in processes of becoming a subject without abandoning the achievements of the poststructuralist concept of subjectification. The concept of transaction describes how actors constitute each other as subjects within social situations. The relationships that arise through such processes depend, among other things, on the personalities of those people involved. Accordingly, it is possible to identify the responsibility of individuals to govern their social relations and personality development. Since these aspects can only be determined in localised individual cases, this offers a particularly suitable starting point for geographical critic.

Beschreibung: In this paper we analyze the territorial organizing of two dissimilar social movements across Greater Buenos Aires, showing how urban struggles produce territory as a key element of their political practice. Through their relational, contested character, these Latin American territories foreground an alternative to state-centric, Anglo-American models of territorial politics. First, the unemployed workers' movements in the urban periphery show how the territorial organization of production and reproduction creates new social relations, and second, an assembly-organized market emphasizes the relationality of territory in constructing solidarity economies. This paper contributes to debates on urban social movements by showing that these movements use practices of territorial organizing to produce urban territory in distinct ways, and that territorial organizing is relational, contested, and central to movements' praxis.

Beschreibung: This paper takes Foucault's and Sloterdijk's reception of the Greek cynics as an intellectual resource to critically examine critical geography's moralizing high ground. I analyse how, in 1983, Foucault and Sloterdijk paint the cynical impulse as a political practice of provocative truth-telling against the moral high-grounds of the dogmatic left of the 1970s: For Foucault and Sloterdijk, the cynics are anti-dogmatic, anti-theoretical and anti-scholastic. I will argue, however, that the cynical impulse is itself in danger of speaking from the moral high ground of anti-critique, a disposition that needs the anti-dote of skepticism.

Beschreibung: After the imperial land consolidation acts of 1906, the Russian land commune became a center of territorial struggle where complex alliances of actors, strategies, and representations of territory enacted land enclosure beyond the exclusive control of the state. Using original documentation of Russian imperial land deals obtained in the federal and municipal archives, this study explores how the Russian imperial state and territories in the periphery were dialectically co-produced not only through institutional manipulations, educational programs, and resettlement plans but also through political and public discourses. This paper examines how coalitions of landed nobility and land surveyors, landless serfs, and peasant proprietors used enclosure as conduits for property violence, accumulation of capital, or, in contrast, as a means of territorial autonomy. Through this example, I bring a territorial dimension into Russian agrarian scholarship by positioning the rural politics of the late imperial period within the global context of capitalist land enclosure. At the same time, by focusing on the reading of territory from the Russian historical perspective, I introduce complexity into the modern territory discourse often found in Western political geographic interpretations.

Beschreibung: In this study, rapid topographic changes and high creeping rates caused by the destabilisation of an active rock glacier in a steep mountain flank were investigated in detail with five unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) surveys between June 2016 and September 2017. State-of-the-art photogrammetric techniques were employed to derived high-density point clouds and high-resolution orthophoto mosaics from the studied landform. The accuracy of the co-registration of subsequent point clouds was carefully examined and adjusted based on comparing stable areas outside the rock glacier, which minimised 3-D alignment errors to a mean of 0.12 m. Elevation and volumetric changes in the destabilised rock glacier were quantified over the study period. Surface kinematics were estimated with a combination of image correlation algorithms and visual inspection of the orthophoto mosaics. Between June 2016 and September 2017, the destabilised part of the rock glacier advanced up to 60–75 m and mobilised a volume of around 27 000 m3 of material which was dumped over the lower talus slope. This study has demonstrated a robust and customisable monitoring approach that allows a detailed study of rock glacier geometric changes during a crisis phase.

Beschreibung: This text is an architect's reading of the last volume of Peter Sloterdijk's trilogy Ecumes (Foam), particularly the two chapters “Insulations” and “Indoors”. It raises the issue whether the atmospheric analysis that Sloterdijk develops from his representation of the being-in-the-world and the inhabitation can lead to a new understanding of space that would help reach more habitable future spaces. It suggests that the metaphor of the island can help construct some sort of an intermediary analysis and conception object : the (new) machine-to-live-in. Through the exercise of the atmospheric analysis, it suggests a new critical reading of the conception processes of human spatiality, which gives a glimpse into the possibility of setting new generators for contemporary space design.

Beschreibung: Landforms in different environmental ecosystems are formed through selective erosion and transport mechanisms by wind and water. To understand their development, biochemical composition, and effect on neighbouring ecosystems, it is essential to better understand the forming processes and to be able to monitor the behaviour and transport of particles through the landscape. Conventional methods to track and differentiate between organic and inorganic particles usually involve extensive sampling campaigns that disturb the processes themselves. Therefore, this study aimed to prove that the method of photogrammetry, which is non-contact and non-invasive, is able to quantify erosion rates and can also be used to differentiate between organic and inorganic material. To prove this concept, a bottom-up experimental rainfall simulation set-up was conducted with sieved sand substrates of very narrow particle size distribution and biochar under highly controlled conditions. By using two-dimensional index and reflectance maps of the surface computed with the software Pix4D, the erosion of biochar was estimated and compared to the actual erosion amount that was transported along the plot. The results show that photogrammetry has the potential to distinguish between a sandy substrate and biochar. An approximate decrease of 5 % in biochar on the plot surfaces was detected in three out of four rainfall experiments within the first 30 s. After these 30 s, the quality of detection was significantly reduced due to shadow effects, which were falsely classified as biochar as well. For future investigations on this topic, it will be necessary to improve the lighting of the plot and the post-processing of the images to reduce the error caused by shadows. Additional approaches that should be taken into account for further test experiments are the full exclusion of external light, which means working in the dark, and the use of hyperspectral cameras to detect different carbon types.

Beschreibung: In public discourse, issues of migration and immigration were for a long time perceived “only” as an integration problem. Nevertheless, a potential-oriented view of migration has been postulated recently and also implemented in practice. Thus, especially in large cities, various political programmes have been adopted that aim at commodifying the potential of migrant economies for urban development. This potential-oriented perspective is, however, decidedly “pre-post-migrant”, since it requires some kind of distinctive concept of the “migrant” in general and migrant economies in particular. Based on a project examining the importance of migrant economies for urban development in smaller cities, this article discusses the topic as an issue of research and local politics in a post-migrant perspective. Finally, uncertainties on how to deal with migrant economies also arise from the field itself and various challenges remain for a post-migrant “production of urban space”.

Beschreibung: In light of his most prominent book “Territories in Resistance” (Zibechi, 2008), we conducted an interview with the researcher, journalist, and activist Raúl Zibechi. A well-known Uruguayan columnist with various Latin American newspapers, Zibechi was introduced to an English-speaking audience when translations of two of his books were published in 2010 and 2012 (Zibechi, 2010, 2012a). Combining activism and research, he has been working with social movements throughout Latin America since the 1980s. Socioterritorial movements, the key concept around which much of Zibechi's work revolves, are of particular interest for our theme issue “Contested Urban Territories: Decolonized Perspectives”. Our interview revisits Zibechi's idea of the emergence of new or other subjects through socioterritorial practices, and in consequence, of socioterritorial movements as harbingers of possible urban futures. In this context, the interview also explores links to the writings of Carlos Walter Porto Gonçalves on “territory”, Henri Lefebvre on “space”, and Frantz Fanon on “zones of being and non-being”. We understand a conversation along these lines as a contribution to the ongoing debate on a decolonialization of knowledge and knowledge production in the field of urban studies.

Beschreibung: The article aims to provide a better understanding of the urban practices of young people living with a diagnosis of psychosis while recovering. I show the way practices are adjusted according to the temporal dynamics of psychosis. I argue that the continuous variability of symptoms over the recovery period implies alternately practices of withdrawal and reconquest of the urban space. I first outline participants' reconquest of urban spaces, which starts in well-known places and then extends to less familiar ones. In doing so, I point out the diversity of urban spaces inhabited by participants during the recovery process which includes institutional, private, as well as public places. I then outline the various material, relational and sensory resources available in these spaces. I show how participants use them according to the temporal dynamics. I finally highlight the way participants are gradually getting involved in the relationship with a large array of resources as the intensity of symptoms is reducing. My analysis is based on a three months ethnography in a therapeutic institution in Lausanne.

Beschreibung: The general subject of this text is the contemporary city, understood as a lived territory: it develops a theoretical–methodological approach to the sociospatial construction of urban territory that integrates both the material and the nonmaterial. The sociospatial construction of the lived city is approached via an articulated set of analytical levels. Accordingly, the first part presents the level of the spatial practices and the urban imaginaries that accompany them. The second part integrates the incorporated affectivity that acts and territorializes itself in the everyday life of the city. The third part considers urban scenarios as situational articulations of the subjects of the two previous parts. Individual topological networks are then incorporated as sequences of urban scenarios that integrate the subjects' biography, leading on to the crisscrossing of different topological networks in an approximation of the lived city in all its fragmented, dense, and fluid complexity.

Beschreibung: With their donation appeals aid organisations procure a polarised worldview of the self and other into our everyday lives and feed on discourses of “development” and “neediness”. This study investigates how the discourse of “development” is embedded in the subjectivities of “development” professionals. By approaching the topic from a governmentality perspective, the paper illustrates how “development” is (re-)produced through internalised Western values and powerful mechanisms of self-conduct. Meanwhile, this form of self-conduct, which is related to a “good cause”, also gives rise to doubts regarding the work, as well as fragmentations and shifts of identity. On the one hand, the paper outlines various coping strategies used by development professionals to maintain a coherent narrative about the self. On the other hand, it also shows how doubts and fragmentations of identity can generate a critical distance to “development” practice, providing a space for resistant and transformative practice in the sense of Foucauldian counter-conduct.

Beschreibung: In everyday life, people will act pragmatically. Continuing their routines as they move through the urban space. To enable people to deal with the everyday complexities and diversity of everyday life, people develop routines to help simplify their existence. These daily routines contain distinctive processes and a certain “blasé attitude” to normal or trivial behavior. Using the example of my ethnographic research at Düsseldorf-Oberbilk it could be argued that this kind of behavior repertoire is crucial for successfully dealing with diversity and complexity of urban life.

Beschreibung: A spatiotemporal reconstruction of slope movements on the edge of Lake Lucerne near the municipality of Horw, canton of Lucerne, is presented. The reconstruction was realized by analyzing growth reactions of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) and fir (Abies alba Mill.) trees growing on this slope. Before dendrochronological sampling, a detailed geomorphological mapping of the landslide was conducted with the aim to determine the spatial extent of the sliding area. For tree-ring analyses, 124 increment cores from 62 trees were analyzed following standard techniques of dendrogeomorphology. In addition, long micro-sections were prepared from the entire cores to extend the common eccentricity analyses by microscopic determination of the onset of reaction wood in fir and beech. Results clearly show that the area is moving at least since 1948. A significant concentration of events was observed between the years 1990 and 2000 as well as after 2006. The definition of a threshold to define events using an eccentricity index alone is problematic and needs to be adapted to specific site conditions. For this reason, we recommend always combining the application of an eccentricity index with a detailed visual (anatomical) inspection to check for the occurrence of reaction wood.

Beschreibung: A case study of glacial lakes outburst flood (GLOF) hazard assessment by satellite Earth observation (EO) and numerical modelling is presented for the supraglacial and ice-contact lakes on Thangothang Chhu glacier, Chomolhari area (Bhutan). Detailed geomorphological mapping, including landslide and rock glacier inventories, as well as surface displacement determination using an interferometric SAR (InSAR) satellite, allowed a GLOF hazard assessment for lake Wa-007 to be performed. Outburst scenario modelling was achieved by combining both empirical and numerical modelling approaches, revealing that only a flood wave can have an impact on the two human settlements located downslope of Wa-007 lake. The worst-case scenario, modelled thanks to r.damflood, allowed the wave-front arrival time, the maximum water depth and the arrival time of maximum water height for the two human settlements to be quantified. A long-term monitoring strategy based entirely on EO data, with an update cycle of 5 years, is proposed to assess the future evolution of the area.

Beschreibung: With the recognition of relational thinking, methodologies approaching spaces as containers were discarded and reconfigured in social geography. However, there are other “containers” still present in these debates – and present as part of the relations in space – such as the “black box” of the human body. In order to advance the opening of the Black Box of the Body (Guthman, 2012), the article discusses social geographical thinking concerning materiality after the Cultural Turn, which concentrates on a post-dualist and thus a post-humanist concept of materiality. The ensuing extension of the epistemological critique of dualistic thinking as part of the cultural turn by an ontological critique refers to radical-relational conceptions of NatureCultures (Haraway) and Posthumanist Performativities (Barad), which comprise discursive as well as material power relations. These conceptions neither romanticize nature (or even interpret it in a reactionary way) nor inflate culture. Rather, such a perspective allows to examine the materiality and intra-activity of social environmental conditions at the micro-level of the embodied subject, considering that matter itself acts performatively and even how such performances are enacted. This article concentrates on theoretical crises within social geography in order to discuss the geography of social crises using the example of environmental injustice and the somatization of the environment with respect to food and health. By extending the “surface”-view on embodied subjects as being socio-culturally encoded and discursively normalized, chemical-biological metabolic processes are also addressed. Therefore, the body is understood as the place where social crises, structures of inequality and discursive categories materialize.

Beschreibung: The housing question is a topic of increasing concern in a number of European cities. Rising housing costs burden many households. Since the outbreak of the global economic crisis in 2008, housing has increasingly come under spotlight of investors. Institutional and private actors invest in real estate not only in metropolitan areas but also in middle and small-sized towns. Tourism-induced demand increases the pressure on housing markets particularly in tourist-dominated cities. The manifestation of these processes varies on a small scale and is influenced by regional-local planning and politics. Based on the example of the city of Salzburg, the article shows that the housing question manifests itself strongly aside metropolises as well. Financial investments by private and institutional actors in real estate and different forms of tourism demand exacerbate the housing shortage. By linking the discussions about the effects of (mass-)tourism and financial investments on regional housing markets, this paper provides additional insights. The additional demand for (residential) space by tourism is used to increase or secure the return on investments in real estate. Financial investments in housing offer additional (problematic) potential for tourist use, such as short-term rentals. Owners benefit from both processes. Due to the prevalent power relations, planning and politics have little to counter the current challenges.

Beschreibung: This article offers an empirical account of the emotionally charged processes involved in the social production of territory. I draw from ethnographic interviews with displaced leaders of socio-territorial movements in Medellín, Colombia, who are resisting what I call double displacement. First, they were displaced from the Colombian countryside due to conflict and now, decades later, they are again being displaced, this time from their informal settlements due to urban development. Founders of settlements are now leaders of social movements, who reside on the periphery of the city and make claims to their neighborhoods using the slogan that they have a “right to the territory”. I examine this case of double displacement to demonstrate the emotional and political aspects of re-territorialization by non-state actors at the urban scale. I argue that by applying a socio-territorial approach to examining the impact of double displacement, we recognize non-state territorialization as a realization and expansion of social power.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Intensive Geographien – die Versorgung von extremen Frühgeburten in Deutschland aus praxistheoretischer Perspektive〈/b〉〈br〉 Matthias Lahr-Kurten〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 321-333, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-321-2018, 2018〈br〉 In Germany each year, thousands of children are born extremely prematurely. Despite being sites of enormous human suffering und huge financial costs, the places of treatment of these babies are almost non-existent in societal discourse. In order to understand these places which seem isolated from the rest of society, but are tightly connected to it, a ,dense description‘ of a single ,NICU‘ will be given – based on a stay by the author, drawing on the practice theoretical approach of Schatzki.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Regional-scale inventory of periglacial moving landforms connected to the torrential network system〈/b〉〈br〉 Mario Kummert and Reynald Delaloye〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 357-371, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-357-2018, 2018〈br〉 〈p〉When connected to torrential channels, periglacial moving landforms (including rock glaciers, push moraines and high-altitude landsliding masses) may constitute important active sediment sources for gravitational and torrential transfer processes such as debris flows. However, still very little is known about the location and the number of such types of sedimentary connection in given regions, as well as about the typical sediment transfer rates that can be expected. Therefore, this contribution aims at (i) describing a new methodology developed to identify and characterize moving landforms connected to the torrential network system at a regional scale and (ii) presenting the results yielded from the application of this method in a 2000 km〈span〉〈sup〉2〈/sup〉〈/span〉 region in the southwestern Swiss Alps. The developed approach is based on the analysis of simple data such as a high-resolution digital elevation model (DEM), time series of aerial images and a slope movement inventory. The approach allowed both the fast identification of moving landforms connected to torrential channels and the estimation of annual sediment transfer rates for these inventoried landforms. In the study region, results showed that such types of sedimentary connection appeared to be rather rare. Results also showed that most connected moving landforms were characterized by relatively low sediment transfer rates (〈span〉〈500〈/span〉 m〈span〉〈sup〉3〈/sup〉〈/span〉 yr〈span〉〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉〈/span〉) but several sites were identified as transferring large amounts of sediment into the torrents (〈span〉〉1000〈/span〉 m〈span〉〈sup〉3〈/sup〉〈/span〉 yr〈span〉〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉〈/span〉). As sediment transfer rates depend on the kinematical behavior of the landforms, values calculated may change in regard to the evolution of the surface velocities, which are currently generally increasing in the European Alps. When connected to torrents, periglacial moving landforms may thus represent substantial active sources of sediments for the development of debris flows and should be considered in the management of torrential catchments.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Atmospheres of retail and the asceticism of civilized consumption〈/b〉〈br〉 Andrea Mubi Brighenti and Mattias Kärrholm〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 203-213, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-203-2018, 2018〈br〉 During recent decades, consumption-oriented spaces of comfort and hospitality have proliferated, including, for instance, lounge shopping malls, food court plazas, spas, entertainment retail, visitor centres and the development of ever-larger pedestrian precincts. In this article we explore shopping malls as capitalist domes in Sloterdijk's sense. We observe atmospheric production, atmospheric management and atmospheric culture (which we propose to call atmoculture) inside such domes.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Pendeln zwischen zwei Oberzentren – von verlorener bis geschenkter Zeit〈/b〉〈br〉 Martina Roggendorf and Claus-C. Wiegandt〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 115-126, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-115-2018, 2018〈br〉 The importance of commuting especially between large urban centers has become a major topic as a growing number of people cover increasing distances to reach their workplaces. Based on this approach, the article looks into commuting between the cities of Cologne and Bonn. Social ties to these centers were identified as a main cause for commuting. 20 interviews were analyzed to set up five social types of commuters who have very different perceptions of their daily commute.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Book review: 〈i〉Die andere Seite des Mondes.〈/i〉 〈i〉Schriften über Japan〈/i〉〈/b〉〈br〉 Fabian Schäfer〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 127-129, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-127-2018, 2018〈br〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Assessing the significance of Heidegger's 〈i〉Black Notebooks〈/i〉〈/b〉〈br〉 Jeff Malpas〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 109-114, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-109-2018, 2018〈br〉 The publication of Heidegger's 〈i〉Black Notebooks〈/i〉 (〈i〉Schwarze Hefte〈/i〉) has provoked a storm of controversy. Much of this has centred on the pro-Nazi and anti-Semitic comments the volumes contain. But these aspects of the 〈i〉Notebooks〈/i〉 are perhaps the least surprising and important. This essay offers a summary overview of the issues to which the 〈i〉Notebooks〈/i〉 give rise, at the same time as it also aims to provide a preliminary assessment of their overall significance, especially in relation to what they show about the nature and development of Heidegger's thinking from the early 1930s to the late 1940s.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉The geography of spheres: an introduction and critical assessment of Peter Sloterdijk's concept of spheres〈/b〉〈br〉 Huib Ernste〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 273-284, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-273-2018, 2018〈br〉 With his magnum opus on Spheres, Peter Sloterdijk introduces a critical philosophical and cultural view on the spatiality of current society. In this contribution we elaborate on the spatial metaphor Sloterdijk uses but also scrutinise Sloterdijk's ideas by drawing some parallels between his ideas and those of other philosophical anthropological thinkers. Finally, we very briefly point to a suitable conceptual framework for investigating the spherology of a human being in the world.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Introduction: The trouble with forest: definitions, values and boundaries〈/b〉〈br〉 Muriel Côte, Flurina Wartmann, and Ross Purves〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 253-260, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-253-2018, 2018〈br〉 〈p〉Forest is in trouble. The most recent (2015) FAO Forest Resources Assessment shows an encouraging trend towards a decrease in deforestation rates, but it also points out that since 1990 total forest loss corresponds to an area the size of South Africa. Efforts to curtail deforestation require reliable assessments, yet current definitions for what a forest exactly is differ significantly across countries, institutions and epistemic communities. Those differences have implications for forest management efforts: they entail different understandings about where exactly a forest starts and ends, and therefore also engender misunderstandings about where a forest 〈i〉should〈/i〉 start and end, and about how forests should be managed. This special issue brings together different perspectives from practitioners and academic disciplines – including linguistics, geographic information science and human geography – around the problem of understanding and characterizing forest. By bringing together different disciplinary viewpoints, we hope to contribute to ongoing interdisciplinary efforts to analyse forest change. In this introduction, we propose that interrogating the relationship between forest definitions, boundaries and ways of valuing forests constitutes a productive way to critically conceptualize the trouble that forest is in.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Fuzzy difference and data primitives: a transparent approach for supporting different definitions of forest in the context of REDD+〈/b〉〈br〉 Alexis Comber and Werner Kuhn〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 151-163, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-151-2018, 2018〈br〉 REDD+ requires forests to be measured. However, many communities have their own concepts of 〈q〉forest〈/q〉 with different meanings. Global forest inventories frequently ignore these conceptualizations. This paper describes an approach for generating alternative measures of forest simultaneously to support the international objectives of activities such as REDD+ and to reflect local concepts and semantics associated with 〈q〉forest〈/q〉.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉〈i〉Book review:〈/i〉 Wider dem europäischen Austeritätsregime: Mit Laclau, Mouffe, Rancière und Lefebvre das transformatorische Potenzial politischer Kämpfe ausschöpfen〈/b〉〈br〉 Martina Blank〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 147-149, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-147-2018, 2018〈br〉 Krisenproteste in Athen und Frankfurt by Daniel Mullis combines a detailed insight into political struggles in the context of the European austerity regime with a deep theoretical reflection about hegemony, moment and space referring to Laclau/ Mouffe, Rancière and Lefebvre. The result is a valuable proposition to think in a new manner about protest and institutionalisation as two equally significant elements of emancipation.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Fuelwood territorialities: 〈i〉Chantier d'Aménagement Forestier〈/i〉 and the reproduction of “political forests” in Burkina Faso〈/b〉〈br〉 Muriel Côte and Denis Gautier〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 165-175, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-165-2018, 2018〈br〉 This paper interrogates the endurance of a national forest management programme in Burkina Faso called 〈i〉Chantier d’Aménagement Forestier〈/i〉 (CAF) despite evidence of its shortcomings. Analysing the political economics of control over fuelwood markets helps elucidate the endurance of the CAF model. This is important because it helps us understand how certain areas continue to be officially referred to as "forest" even when they do not have the ecological characteristic of one.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉„Wir sind nie säkular gewesen“: Politische Theologie und die Geographien des Religiösen〈/b〉〈br〉 Benedikt Korf〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 177-186, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-177-2018, 2018〈br〉 I critically interrogate the usefulness of the terminology of „post-secularism“ to understand the entanglement of religion and politics in multi-religious societies in the West and elsewhere. I suggest that the vocabulary of a descriptive political theology is better suited to study these dynamics and apply this conceptual vocabulary to analyse political-normative debates on Indian secularism and the everyday struggles of religious actors in the violent politics of Sri Lanka's civil war.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉A touch of post-truth: the roles of narratives in urban policy mobilities〈/b〉〈br〉 Thomas Honeck〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 133-145, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-133-2018, 2018〈br〉 This paper characterizes different types of policy narratives that influence the trans-local motion of urban policies and elaborates on their relations. The paper first introduces conceptual and methodological recommendations from policy narrative literature to debates on policy mobility. In an empirical section, it then analyses narratives that support policies on temporary use of vacant lands and buildings in the German cities of Berlin and Stuttgart.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Book review: 〈i〉Dicorue, vocabulaire ordinaire et extraordinaire des lieux urbains〈/i〉〈/b〉〈br〉 Jean-Bernard Racine〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 131-132, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-131-2018, 2018〈br〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Die Verschränkung von Umwelt und Wohnwelt – Grüne 〈i〉smart homes〈/i〉 aus der Perspektive der pluralen Sphärologie〈/b〉〈br〉 Andreas Folkers and Nadine Marquardt〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 79-93, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-79-2018, 2018〈br〉 This paper links two strands of Peter Sloterdijk's sphere project – his theory of the environment and his theory of dwelling – and mobilizes them for an analysis of entanglements between spaces of the environment and the space of the home in contemporary sustainability policies and smart home experiments. First, we retrace how Sloterdijk's topology of the environment combines a historical phenomenological methodology with ecological thinking. In the next step, we discuss Sloterdijk's theory of dwelling, which is closely linked to his thinking of the environment and is central to his conception of a plural spherology, yet has so far largely been overlooked in the reception. Sloterdijk's emphasis on the importance of dwelling in the 〈q〉world's inner space〈/q〉 (〈q〉Weltinnenraum〈/q〉) under conditions of a no longer externalizable environment helps to theorize how humans dwell on this earth in the 21st century. In the third part of the paper, we bring together both themes – environment and dwelling – to analyze contemporary ecological and digital home experiments from the perspective of a plural spherology. By showing how recent digital experiments in 〈q〉smart homes〈/q〉 entangle spaces of dwelling with environmental concerns we build on Sloterdijk's analysis but also extend it with insights from STS and governmentality studies to better capture the power effects inherent to digitalized dwelling.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Lebenswelt, Leiblichkeit und Resonanz: Eine raumphänomenologisch-rekonstruktive Perspektive auf Geographien der Alltäglichkeit〈/b〉〈br〉 Thomas Dörfler and Eberhard Rothfuß〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 95-107, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-95-2018, 2018〈br〉 This article aims to explore the potential of Schütz' sociological phenomenology for spatial phenomena and its integration into human geography. Although the influence and productivity of phenomenology in general could contribute significantly to shed light on spatial phenomena of the life-world, such as a 〈q〉progressive sense of place〈/q〉, transnationalities, socio-spatial atmospheres, 〈q〉home〈/q〉 and encounters, it has never become a major strand of contemporary (German speaking) human geography.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Jenseits von Kiel: Zu einer Wissenschaftsgeschichte der quantitativ-theoretischen Wende in der deutschsprachigen Geographie〈/b〉〈br〉 Boris Michel and Katharina Paulus〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 301-307, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-301-2018, 2018〈br〉 This editorial provides a theoretical and contextual framework for the themed issue 〈q〉Raum. Gesetze. Daten.〈/q〉. The article calls for a broader historiographic analysis of the quantitative-theoretical turn in German-speaking geography. We propose a research agenda that aims at writing a history of science beyond monumental history and classical intellectual history, that focuses on the messiness of history and takes the historicity of systems of thought into account. The endeavour is part of a growing

Beschreibung: 〈b〉„March for Sozialgeographie“? Rechtspopulismus als Zumutung und die regressive Moderne als Herausforderung der Humangeographie〈/b〉〈br〉 Jürgen Oßenbrügge〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 309-319, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-309-2018, 2018〈br〉 The paper outlines an approach to right wing populism in recent years not only in critizing the use of so called alternative facts but using the concept of a regressive modernisation as a debate which includes populist movements into a broader diagnosis of western societies. These findings are used in order to explain transformations of social geography. It is argued that the success of postmodern geographies is unable to counteract geographies of recent right wing populism.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉A perspective of counter-hegemonic analysis and territorial transformation〈/b〉〈br〉 Marcos Aurelio Saquet〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 347-355, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-347-2018, 2018〈br〉 I will develop a specific definition of territory, which seeks to become operative in collaboration with diverse subjects and in the analysis of territorial development based on the place. I show how this fairer society emerges in a multidimensional way, emanating from the processes of territorialization, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization. Finally, I link these processes with the current processes of territorial development in research, analysis, and active participation.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉What forest is in the light of people's perceptions and values: socio-cultural forest monitoring in Switzerland〈/b〉〈br〉 Jacqueline Frick, Nicole Bauer, Eike von Lindern, and Marcel Hunziker〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 335-345, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-335-2018, 2018〈br〉 This paper is about residents’ perceptions, evaluations, and preferences regarding forests, 3022 residents completed the Swiss Socio-cultural Forest Monitoring (WaMos). Respondents were well informed about forest issues. Forest functions such as wood production, air quality, and biodiversity were rated as more important than recreation. Mixed forests and multi-sensory experiences were preferred; wilderness was only moderately approved of.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Understanding the geographies of religion and secularity: on the potentials of a broader exchange between geography and the (post-) secularity debate〈/b〉〈br〉 Georg Glasze and Thomas M. Schmitt〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 285-300, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-285-2018, 2018〈br〉 For a long time, the mainstream of social and cultural geography seems to have implicitly accepted that religion is becoming obsolete. However, since the 1990s, religion has aroused new interest in the social sciences in general, and to some extent also in social and cultural geography. The paper introduces the interdisciplinary debate on theories of secularisation and the promotion of post-secular perspectives and shows the potential of this debate for social and cultural geography.

Beschreibung: Die Verschränkung von Umwelt und Wohnwelt – Grüne smart homes aus der Perspektive der pluralen Sphärologie Andreas Folkers and Nadine Marquardt Geogr. Helv., 73, 79-93, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-79-2018, 2018 This paper links two strands of Peter Sloterdijk's sphere project – his theory of the environment and his theory of dwelling – and mobilizes them for an analysis of entanglements between spaces of the environment and the space of the home in contemporary sustainability policies and smart home experiments. First, we retrace how Sloterdijk's topology of the environment combines a historical phenomenological methodology with ecological thinking. In the next step, we discuss Sloterdijk's theory of dwelling, which is closely linked to his thinking of the environment and is central to his conception of a plural spherology, yet has so far largely been overlooked in the reception. Sloterdijk's emphasis on the importance of dwelling in the world's inner space ( Weltinnenraum ) under conditions of a no longer externalizable environment helps to theorize how humans dwell on this earth in the 21st century. In the third part of the paper, we bring together both themes – environment and dwelling – to analyze contemporary ecological and digital home experiments from the perspective of a plural spherology. By showing how recent digital experiments in smart homes entangle spaces of dwelling with environmental concerns we build on Sloterdijk's analysis but also extend it with insights from STS and governmentality studies to better capture the power effects inherent to digitalized dwelling.

Beschreibung: Lebenswelt, Leiblichkeit und Resonanz: Eine raumphänomenologisch-rekonstruktive Perspektive auf Geographien der Alltäglichkeit Thomas Dörfler and Eberhard Rothfuß Geogr. Helv., 73, 95-107, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-95-2018, 2018 This article aims to explore the potential of Schütz' sociological phenomenology for spatial phenomena and its integration into human geography. Although the influence and productivity of phenomenology in general could contribute significantly to shed light on spatial phenomena of the life-world, such as a progressive sense of place , transnationalities, socio-spatial atmospheres, home and encounters, it has never become a major strand of contemporary (German speaking) human geography.

Beschreibung: Book review: Die unbesetzte Stadt: Postfundamentalistisches Denken und das urbanistische Feld Lucas Pohl Geogr. Helv., 73, 75-77, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-75-2018, 2018

Beschreibung: Vidéosurveillance et insécurités urbaines : Etude de l'efficacité préventive du dispositif de caméras installé au quartier des Pâquis à Genève Raoul Kaenzig and Francisco Klauser Geogr. Helv., 73, 63-73, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-63-2018, 2018 Drawing upon police statistics, this paper explores the impacts of the videosurveillance cameras (CCTV) installed in November 2014 in the Pâquis neighborhood in Geneva. It focuses on the evolution of criminality within the filmed perimeter and nearby settings. In line with former studies, our results underline the limited preventive effects of the CCTV system. The analysis shows that cameras are inducing criminality displacement, mainly of drug trafficking.

Beschreibung: Fortschritt und Verdrängung – Ökologischer Fehlschluss und quantitative Revolution in der Geographie Jan Kemper Geogr. Helv., 73, 49-61, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-49-2018, 2018 The quantitative revolution in the field of geography is commonly recalled as a story of scientific success, overcoming parochial, regionalist and ideographic modes of geography. This paper, however, suggests a different, yet parallel narrative. It reveals that the methodological reorientation towards statistical geography was a coping strategy, adopted by researchers from within and outside the discipline of geography in order to defend the analysis of ecological (i. e., spatially aggregated) data against the powerful critique of producing “ecological fallacies”. Through emphasizing how the quantitative revolution was an expression of both modernizing and protective tendencies within the field of geography, the paper contributes to a more concrete understanding of what motivates methodological change in geography.

Beschreibung: Unbound emotional geographies of youth transitions Kathrin Hörschelmann Geogr. Helv., 73, 31-42, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-31-2018, 2018 This paper makes the case for greater consideration of the ways in which young people experience and negotiate transitions in their everyday lives and across the life course emotionally. Based on qualitative research with young people from the German city of Leipzig, the paper analyses the emotional fallout of interpersonal conflict, especially in families, and makes tentative suggestions for responding to young people's unbound emotional geographies in social and educational policy.

Beschreibung: Framing, overflowing, and fuzzy logic in educational selection: Zurich as a case study Itta Bauer Geogr. Helv., 73, 19-30, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-19-2018, 2018 This paper uses the concepts of framing and overflowing (Callon, 1998) and fuzzy logic (Zadeh, 2015) to show the application and relevance of critically examining educational selection beyond the particular local context. It examines the empirical example of the central entrance examination procedure to grammar schools in the Canton of Zurich. The main argument illuminates the widely neglected grey zones and the fuzzy logic lying at the heart of the selection machinery for higher education.

Beschreibung: Die Emergenz der Masse – zur Urbanität im globalen Süden Peter Dirksmeier Geogr. Helv., 73, 11-17, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-11-2018, 2018 Contemporary urban theory has less to say about internal processes of crowds for theoretical reflections on urbanity. The paper analyses the work on crowds by Peter Sloterdijk and the performative theory of assembly by Judith Butler to enrich contemporary thinking on urbanity in the South. The paper accentuates two arguments. Sloterdijk emphasises the `affective synthesis' of crowds, whereas Butler elaborates the performative effect of crowds to articulate the right of owning attested rights.

Beschreibung: Geographien sozialer Krisen/Krisen sozialer Geographien Simon Runkel and Jonathan Everts Geogr. Helv., 72, 475-482, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-475-2017, 2017 This short paper provides the initial provocation for a themed issue that emerges from a conference on the topic of geographies of social crises/crises of social geographies. We call for social geographers to engage with the historical and current dynamics of places and milieus to understand novel class societies and the violence that underpins social inequalities.

Beschreibung: Forest transitions: a new conceptual scheme Christian A. Kull Geogr. Helv., 72, 465-474, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-465-2017, 2017 The concept forest transition refers to a pattern in which historical deforestation is replaced by forest regrowth. The concept normally points to economic, social, and political causes. This paper proposes a new analytical model that focuses attention on four interrelated processes: changes in tree cover; changes in forest quality; change in the ecological, socio-economic, and political processes that create particular forests; and changes in the way we think about and categorize forests.

Beschreibung: Familienmigration bei Hochqualifizierten: wie intergenerationale Beziehungen das Einleben prägen Stefanie Föbker Geogr. Helv., 72, 443-453, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-443-2017, 2017 This paper addresses family migration amongst highly-skilled professionals. Many highly-skilled professionals who move abroad for career reasons are accompanied by partners and children. However, their integration processes are rarely discussed. The article is based on interviews with highly-skilled migrants and their accompanying partners in Germany and Great Britain. The results indicate that parents’ efforts for their children’s integration also have an effect on their own integration.

Beschreibung: Forests: the cross-linguistic perspective Niclas Burenhult, Clair Hill, Juliette Huber, Saskia van Putten, Konrad Rybka, and Lila San Roque Geogr. Helv., 72, 455-464, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-455-2017, 2017 In this paper we explore semantic diversity observed in relation to forests. We do so on the basis of first-hand linguistic field data from a global sample of indigenous categorization systems as they are manifested in six diverse languages. We show that basic linguistic categories relating to tree cover vary considerably in their principles of semantic encoding across languages, and that forest is a challenging category from the point of view of intercultural translatability.

Beschreibung: Book review: “Petite Science” – Ausseruniversitäre Naturforschung in der Schweiz um 1900 Roger Keller Geogr. Helv., 72, 411-414, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-411-2017, 2017

Beschreibung: The bedrock topography of Gries- and Findelengletscher Nadine Feiger, Matthias Huss, Silvan Leinss, Leo Sold, and Daniel Farinotti Geogr. Helv., 73, 1-9, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-1-2018, 2018 This contribution presents two updated bedrock topographies and ice thickness distributions with a new uncertainty assessment for Gries- and Findelengletscher, Switzerland. The results are based on ground-penetrating radar (GPR) measurements and the ice thickness estimation method (ITEM) . The results show a total glacier volume of 0.28 ± 0.06 and 1.00 ± 0.34 km 3 for Gries- and Findelengletscher, respectively, with corresponding average ice thicknesses of 56.8 ± 12.7 and 56.3 ± 19.6 m.

Beschreibung: Introduction: Power and space in the drone age Francisco Klauser and Silvana Pedrozo Geogr. Helv., 72, 409-410, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-409-2017, 2017

Beschreibung: Book review: Pamirian Crossroads: Kirghiz and Wakhi of High Asia David Butz Geogr. Helv., 72, 407-408, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-407-2017, 2017

Beschreibung: A study of the Würm glaciation focused on the Valais region (Alps) Patrick Becker, Martin Funk, Christian Schlüchter, and Kolumban Hutter Geogr. Helv., 72, 421-442, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-421-2017, 2017 This article studies the ice flow in the Valais region during the last glaciation (Würm) in detail. The numerical modelling shows a discrepancy of the height of the ice cap compared to the geomorphological evidence based on trimlines. However, geomorphological evidence at the Simplon Pass indicating an ice flow from the Rhone valley into the valley of Toce was confirmed. Furthermore it is shown that for this confirmation a sufficient ice thickness is obligatory.

Beschreibung: Book review: Planetary Gentrification Anne-Cécile Mermet Geogr. Helv., 72, 417-419, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-417-2017, 2017

Beschreibung: Book review: Géographie générale Alexandre Gillet Geogr. Helv., 72, 415-416, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-72-415-2017, 2017

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Einführung: Die ungeheuerliche Raumphilosophie von Peter Sloterdijk〈/b〉〈br〉 Tobias Boos and Simon Runkel〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 261-272, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-261-2018, 2018〈br〉 This article serves as introduction for a themed issue on Peter Sloterdijk's enormous philosophy of space. The paper gives some orientation on the anthropological and social philosophy Sloterdijk deploys within his oeuvre, and illuminates the various fields of social and cultural research his ideas have informed so far. The article also discusses the necessity of a critical distance to the philosophical premises on which Sloterdijk grounds his philosophy.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Ungleichheit, Intersektionalität und Alter(n) – für eine räumliche Methodologie in der Ungleichheitsforschung〈/b〉〈br〉 Friederike Enßle and Ilse Helbrecht〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 227-239, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-227-2018, 2018〈br〉 This article argues for a spatial research methodology to better understand the interplay of inequality, intersectionality and age(ing). Drawing on places such as nursing homes or housing projects, the article scrutinizes the negotiation of old age in different spatial contexts, and how this is linked to other markers of difference, e.g. gender or ethnicity. On a larger scale, the article points to the potential of a spatial methodology to approach the complexity of intersectionality.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Piecing together the Lateglacial advance phases of the Reussgletscher (central Swiss Alps)〈/b〉〈br〉 Max Boxleitner, Susan Ivy-Ochs, Dagmar Brandova, Marcus Christl, Markus Egli, and Max Maisch〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 241-252, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-241-2018, 2018〈br〉 〈p〉Exposure dating has substantially improved our knowledge about glacier advances during the Younger Dryas (YD) and the early Holocene. The glacier development after the Last Glacial Maximum (LGM) and the timing of morphologically evidenced, earlier Lateglacial re-advances is, however, still widely unknown. In this study we used 〈span〉〈sup〉10〈/sup〉〈/span〉Be surface exposure and radiocarbon dating to address these phases and corresponding landforms in the catchment of the former Reussgletscher (central Swiss Alps). We obtained clear indication for moraine deposition prior to the YD. The oldest samples predate the Bølling–Allerød interstadial (〈span〉〈i〉〉〈/i〉14.6〈/span〉 ka). Morphostratigraphically even older lateral moraines, probably corresponding to terminal positions in the Lake Lucerne, could not be dated conclusively. Due to the geomorphological constraints of the sampling environment, the establishment of a local pre-YD chronology remains a challenge: moraines with adequate numbers of datable boulders were rarely preserved, and age attributions based on few samples are complicated by outliers.〈/p〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Book review : 〈i〉TERRE – L'Histoire de notre Planète de sa naissance à sa disparition〈/i〉〈/b〉〈br〉 Jon Mosar〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 225-225, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-225-2018, 2018〈br〉

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Geopolitik als Literatur – ein germanistischer Beitrag zur Genealogie der deutschen Politischen Geographie und Geopolitik〈/b〉〈br〉 Niels Werber〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 215-224, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-215-2018, 2018〈br〉 The infamous idea that the area east of the borders of the German Reich be a “space without a people” imposing itself for occupation by “a people without space” accounts for the ominously looming convictions of German Geopolitics during the years of the Weimar Republic and the Third Reich. This contribution attributes the conception of the so called “German East” as uncultivated “slavic sahara” or “desert” to 19th Century novels and reads geopolitical classics as continuation of this literature.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Integrative Geographie neu denken – z.B. anthropozänisch〈/b〉〈br〉 Helmut J. Geist〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 187-191, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-187-2018, 2018〈br〉 Current efforts to formalize the Anthropocene as a new geologic epoch provoke deliberations concerning the re/unification of human and physical geography. The end of traditional (dualist) human-environmental thinking is noted, a vital pluralism of alternative approaches including gaia-politics welcomed, and, following Bruno Latour and others, the hegemony of a geoscientists’ (geocratic) narrative rejected for reasons provided by political ecology.

Beschreibung: 〈b〉Attending to others: how digital technologies direct young people's nightlife〈/b〉〈br〉 Jasmine Truong〈br〉 Geogr. Helv., 73, 193-201, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-193-2018, 2018〈br〉 This article examines young people's night out experiences extending through digital spaces of social relations such as WhatsApp. On the one hand, I illustrate that young people are encouraged to direct their attention towards missing friends and absent nightlife places. On the other hand, I find that young people create dynamics of comparison, competition, and optimization through constant connectedness. This raises new questions on young people's experiences of leisure time and space.

Beschreibung: Assessing the significance of Heidegger's Black Notebooks Jeff Malpas Geogr. Helv., 73, 109-114, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-109-2018, 2018 The publication of Heidegger's Black Notebooks ( Schwarze Hefte ) has provoked a storm of controversy. Much of this has centred on the pro-Nazi and anti-Semitic comments the volumes contain. But these aspects of the Notebooks are perhaps the least surprising and important. This essay offers a summary overview of the issues to which the Notebooks give rise, at the same time as it also aims to provide a preliminary assessment of their overall significance, especially in relation to what they show about the nature and development of Heidegger's thinking from the early 1930s to the late 1940s.

Beschreibung: Introduction to the special issue “Young People and New Geographies of Learning and Education” Itta Bauer and Sara Landolt Geogr. Helv., 73, 43-48, https://doi.org/10.5194/gh-73-43-2018, 2018 This introduction to the special issue Young People and New Geographies of Learning and Education sets a theoretical frame for the collected papers focusing on the three themes: (1) movement and transitions , (2) spaces and identities, and (3) education and assemblages. This special issue adds an exciting collection of papers with diverse geographical foci that address the various challenges to youths, young people's geographies, and geographies of education.

Beschreibung: The quantitative revolution in the field of geography is commonly recalled as a story of scientific success, overcoming parochial, regionalist and ideographic modes of geography. This paper, however, suggests a different, yet parallel narrative. It reveals that the methodological reorientation towards statistical geography was a coping strategy, adopted by researchers from within and outside the discipline of geography in order to defend the analysis of ecological (i. e., spatially aggregated) data against the powerful critique of producing “ecological fallacies”. Through emphasizing how the quantitative revolution was an expression of both modernizing and protective tendencies within the field of geography, the paper contributes to a more concrete understanding of what motivates methodological change in geography.

Beschreibung: This article aims to explore the potential of Alfred Schütz' sociological phenomenology for spatial phenomena and its integration into human geography. Although the influence and productivity of phenomenology in general could contribute significantly to shed light on spatial phenomena of the life-world, such as a progressive sense of place (Massey, 1993), transnationalities (Pries, 2001), socio-spatial atmospheres (Hasse, 2017), “home” and encounters (Seamon, 1979, 2014), enforced life(s) in refugee camps and others, it has never become a major strand of contemporary (German speaking) human geography. According to Hasse (2017) phenomenology has even remained almost absent in geographical research. In contrast to this proposition, the analytically endorsed and empirically examined theorems of phenomenology have recently been challenged by “post-phenomenology” and “non-representational theory”. These approaches raise – though both argumentatively and empirically unproven – their voice against pretended limitations of “classical” phenomenology in arguing with “imagined” limits of meaning and understanding. Irrespective of these developments, we would like to refer to the analytical and methodological stringency of approaches that arise from the rich tradition of phenomenology and emphasize their still largely untapped potential for human geography by suggesting a “Leib”-based approach rooted in reconstructive methodologies to analyse the various spatial phenomena of the life-world.

Beschreibung: In these afterthoughts to a themed issue on the „Geographies of Post-Secularity“, I critically interrogate the analytical purchase of the terminology of post-secularism. I suggest that the concept of the post-secular is ill-suited to provide a vocabulary for multi-religious societies in the West as much as elsewhere. Instead, I suggest that the vocabulary of a descriptive political theology (Assmann) better helps us grasp the continuing negotiation of the dialectic relations between the secular and the religious. I illustrate this conceptual vocabulary for the study of religion and politics in the postcolonial world, first, in the political-normative debates on Indian secularism, and second, in the everyday struggles of religious actors in the violent politics of Sri Lanka's civil war, to then return to debates on (post-) secularity. I conclude that, indeed, we have never been secular – that the dialectic relations between the secular and the religious are bound to remain, and to become further complicated in increasingly multi-religious societies.

Beschreibung: This paper investigates the endurance of a national forest management programme in Burkina Faso called Chantier d'Aménagement Forestier (CAF), which focuses on the participatory sustainable production of fuelwood and is widely supported by international donors despite evidence of its shortcomings. We analyse the surprising persistence of the CAF model as a case of the territorialisation of state power through the reproduction of “political forests” – drawing on the work of Peluso and Vandergeest (2001, 2011). Analysing some the shortcomings and incoherencies of the model, we bring to light the role of non-state actors in the reproduction of the CAF as a “political forest”. We show that informal regulatory arrangements have emerged between state and non-state actors, namely merchants and customary authorities, over the production of fuelwood. We call these arrangements “fuelwood territorialities” because they have contributed to keeping the CAF's resource model unquestioned. With fuelwood territorialities, we draw attention to the role of non-state actors in the reproduction of “political forests”, that is, the process of state territorialisation through forest governance. This analysis helps clarify how certain areas, such as the CAFs, keep being officially represented as “forest” even though they are dominated by a patchwork of fields, fallows, and savannahs and do not have the ecological characteristics of one.

Beschreibung: This paper explores the use of fuzzy difference methods in order to understand the differences between forest classes. The context for this work is provided by REDD+, which seeks to reduce the net emissions of greenhouse gases by rewarding the conservation of forests in developing countries. REDD+ requires that local inventories of forest are undertaken and payments are made on the basis of the amount of forest (and associated carbon storage). At the most basic level this involves classifying land into forest and non-forest. However, the critical issues affecting the uptake, buy-in and ultimately the success of REDD+ are the lack of universally agreed definition of forest to support REDD+ mapping activities, and where such a definition is imposed, the marginalization of local community voices and local landscape conceptualizations. This tension is at the heart of REDD+. This paper addresses these issues by linking methods to quantify changes in fuzzy land cover to the concept of data primitives, which have been previously proposed as a suitable approach to move between land cover classes with different semantics. These are applied to case study that quantifies the difference in areas for two definitions of forest derived from the GLC and FAO definitions of forest. The results show how data primitives allow divergent concepts of forest to be represented and mapped from the same data and how the fuzzy sets approach can be used to quantify the differences and non-intersections of different concepts of forest. Together these methods provide for transparent translations between alternative conceptualizations of forest, allowing for plural notions of forest to be mapped and quantified. In particular, they allow for moving from an object-based notion of forest (and land cover in general) to a field-based one, entirely avoiding the need for forest boundaries.

Beschreibung: This paper characterizes different types of policy narratives that influence the trans-local motion of urban policies and elaborates on their relations. The paper first introduces conceptual and methodological recommendations from policy narrative literature to debates on policy mobility. In an empirical section, it then analyzes narratives that support policies on temporary use of vacant lands and buildings in the German cities of Berlin and Stuttgart. Based on semi-structured interviews with experts and document reviews, the paper finds different, partly competing narratives on temporary use in both case study cities. It identifies their typical elements, categorising them by form and content. Referential narratives are understood as connecters between different cities and influencers of policy mobility. Finally, the paper shows how narratives work with association as well as imagination and thus emphasize the non-factual, yet inherent aspects of relational policy making.

Beschreibung: This paper links two strands of Peter Sloterdijk's sphere project – his theory of the environment and his theory of dwelling – and mobilizes them for an analysis of entanglements between spaces of the environment and the space of the home in contemporary sustainability policies and smart home experiments. First, we retrace how Sloterdijk's topology of the environment combines a historical phenomenological methodology with ecological thinking. In the next step, we discuss Sloterdijk's theory of dwelling, which is closely linked to his thinking of the environment and is central to his conception of a plural spherology, yet has so far largely been overlooked in the reception. Sloterdijk's emphasis on the importance of dwelling in the „world's inner space“ („Weltinnenraum“) under conditions of a no longer externalizable environment helps to theorize how humans dwell on this earth in the 21st century. In the third part of the paper, we bring together both themes – environment and dwelling – to analyze contemporary ecological and digital home experiments from the perspective of a plural spherology. By showing how recent digital experiments in „smart homes“ entangle spaces of dwelling with environmental concerns we build on Sloterdijk's analysis but also extend it with insights from STS and governmentality studies to better capture the power effects inherent to digitalized dwelling.

Beschreibung: This contribution of a literary scholar to the history of geopolitics argues for the consideration of literary sources as constituents of the „classical“ geopolitical discourse (Ratzel, Kjellén, Haushofer). It exemplifies this claim by revealing the geopolitical components through which Gustav Freytag's novel Soll und Haben (Debit and Credit, Freytag, 1855, 1858) creates spaces, civilizations, and stories. Approaching these issues from the perspective of literary history and the history of knowledge, this paper turns to Freytag's novel to examine whether the literature of the period of the so-called „bourgeois“ or „poetic“ realism belongs to the genealogy of German political geography and geopolitics and how to study its impact on their increasingly manifest political program after the beginning of the First World War. Especially the establishment of the topos of the „Volk ohne Raum“ (people without space) in the east of the German Reich and the reorientation of geopolitics „gen Osten“ (toward the east) in the early twentieth century find a highly compatible antecedent in Soll und Haben.

Beschreibung: Current efforts to formalize the Anthropocene as a new geologic epoch have relaunched deliberations concerning the re/unification of human and physical geography. This commentary notes the end of traditional (dualist) human-environmental thinking and welcomes a vital pluralism of alternative approaches including gaia-politics. Thus, it recommends to challenge and reject the hegemony of a geoscientists' (geocratic) narrative. Still valid is the provocation by French philosopher Latour that the historical failure of the discipline to achieve convergence will very likely leave geography as it is, ie. divided into separate disciplines.

Beschreibung: The paper outlines an approach to right wing populism in recent years not only in critizing the use of so called alternative facts but using the concept of a regressive modernisation as a debate which includes populist movements into a broader social theory and diagnosis of western societies. The evolution of regressive modernisation reveals both, the success of a neoliberal globalization and a rise of marginality and perceived dangers of a downward mobility. These findings are used in order to explain certain transformations of academic fields in general and social geography in particular. It is argued that the success of postmodern geographies may be seen as an overcoming of hegemonic discourses of positivism as well as of marxism, but was and is unable to counteract geographies of recent right wing populism. Even the positions of the „march for science“ which has been a major initiative to fight for academic integrity are seen as not being sufficient to rebuilt an „antipopulist“ social geography. This situation leads to some suggestions and recommendation for further work in this field.

Beschreibung: Forest is an important element of Swiss landscape, with about 30 % of the country covered by it, forming a finely structured patchwork together with water bodies, agricultural land and settlements. It is highly valued by residents as part of their everyday living and recreational environment. The aim of this paper is to provide knowledge about how residents perceive and value forests and what their dominant preferences are. The data were collected through the Socio-cultural Forest Monitoring (WaMos). In this survey, 3022 persons responded by telephone interview or online survey. Respondents were well informed about forest issues, especially about recreation, animals and protection from natural hazards. Nevertheless, functions such as wood production, air quality and biodiversity were rated as even more important than recreational functions. Mixed forests and multisensory experiences were preferred, whereas wilderness was only moderately approved of. Respondents did not much appreciate sports and fun infrastructure, but valued infrastructure for contemplative and social activities and for education about forest issues.

Beschreibung: This paper shows the results from my research trajectory and my collaboration in cooperative projects with economically disadvantaged people of the urban periphery of Francisco Beltrão (Brazil). I initially reflect on the relevance of an analysis of urban social movements, asking how current urban conflicts can be understood from a territorial perspective. I will first develop a specific definition of territory, which seeks to become operative in collaboration with diverse subjects and in the analysis of territorial development based on the place. Such a conceptualization of territory provides a territorial analysis furthering transformation towards a fairer, solidary, and ecological society. I show how this fairer society emerges in a multidimensional way, emanating from the processes of territorialization, deterritorialization, and reterritorialization. Finally, by linking these processes with the current processes of territorial development (in research, analysis, and active participation), this study contributes to a more dialogical and counter-hegemonic perspective, especially in relation to Latin America.