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A multiparametric-multilayer comparison of the preparation phase of two geophysical events in the Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone: the 2019 M7.2 Kermadec earthquake and 2022 Hunga Ha'apai eruption (2024)

D’Arcangelo, Serena ; Regi, Mauro ; De Santis, Angelo ; [weitere]

Frontiers S.A.

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-09

Beschreibung: The Tonga-Kermadec subduction zone represents one of the most active areas from both seismic and volcanic points of view. Recently, two planetary-scale geophysical events took place there: the 2019 M7.2 earthquake (EQ) with the epicentre in Kermadec Islands (New Zealand) and the astonishing 2022 eruption of Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai (HTHH) volcano. Based on the Lithosphere-Atmosphere- Ionosphere Coupling (LAIC) models, we analysed the three geolayers with a multiparametric approach to detect any effect on the occasion of the two events, through a comparison aimed at identifying the physics processes that interested phenomena of different nature but in the same tectonic context. For the lithosphere, we conducted a seismic analysis of the sequence culminating with themain shock in Kermadec Islands and the sequence of EQs preceding the HTHH volcanic eruption, in both cases considering the magnitude attributed to the released energy in the lithosphere within the respective Dobrovolsky area. Moving to the above atmosphere, the attention was focused on the parameters—gases, temperature, pressure—possibly influenced by the preparation or the occurrence of the events. Finally, the ionosphere was examined by means of ground and satellite observations, including also magnetic and electric field, finding some interesting anomalous signals in both case studies, in a wide range of temporal and spatial scales. The joint study of the effects seen before, during and after the two events enabled us to clarify the LAIC in this complex context. The observed similarities in the effects of the two geophysical events can be explained by their slightly different manifestations of releasing substantial energy resulting from a shared geodynamic origin. This origin arises from the thermodynamic interplay between a rigid lithosphere and a softer asthenosphere within the Kermadec-Tonga subduction zone, which forms the underlying tectonic context.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1267411

Beschreibung: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): 2019 Kermadec Islands earthquake ; 2022 Hunga Tonga-Hunga Ha’apai eruption ; LAIC models ; Swarm satellites ; CSES-01 satellite ; Kermadec-Tonga subduction area ; 04.08. Volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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The December 2018 eruption at Etna volcano: a geochemical study on melt and fluid inclusions (2024)

Correale, Alessandra ; Corsaro, Rosa Anna ; Miraglia, Lucia ; [weitere]

Frontiers S.A.

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-30

Beschreibung: This study focus on the Mt Etna December 2018 eruption with the aim of investigating the geochemical characteristics of the feeding magma. New data on major and trace element geochemistry of olivine-hosted melt inclusions (MI) in volcanic products are presented together with the noble gas geochemistry of fluid inclusions (FI) in olivines. The noble gas geochemistry of fluid inclusions (FIs) in olivines was also investigated. The major element composition of MIs is variable from tephrite/trachybasalt to phonotephrite/basaltic trachyandesite, with SiO2 = 45.51–52.72 wt%, MgO = 4.01–6.02 wt%, and CaO/Al2O3 = 0.34–0.72. Trace element patterns of MIs present a typical enrichment in LILE and LREE, depletion in HFSE, and relatively fractionated REE patterns: (La/Lu) N= 18.8–41.08, with Eu/Eu* = (0.5–1.8). Positive anomalies in Sr (Sr/Sr* = 0.8–2.3) and Ba can be ascribed to the assimilation of plagioclase-rich cumulates in the magmatic reservoir. The variable Ba/La (9.8–15.8), K/Nb (260–1037), Ce/Nb (1.9–3.4), Rb/La (0.4–1.6), and Ba/Nb (10.8–25.8) ratios reveal mixing between two types of end-member magmas comparable to those emitted from 1) the 2001 Upper Vents and 2002–03 Northern Fissures (Type-1) and 2) the 2001 Lower Vents and 2002–03 Southern Fissures (Type-2), respectively. Type-2 represents a magma that was under the influence of a crustal component, whereas Type-1 is compatible with a HIMU–MORB-type heterogeneous mantle source. It appears that the 2018 MIs have captured the two different types of magmas, and the lack of homogenization may imply a very fast ascent (a few months). Compatible with the contemporary presence of primordial HIMU–MORB and crust-contaminated end-members are the data on noble gases from FI that highlighted an 3He/4He value of 6.5–6.6Ra. The hypothesis of two different types of magmas, identified by the trace element geochemistry in MIs, is, thus, reinforced by helium isotopic data on FI of the 2018 eruption together with data from other Etnean eruptions and allows the inference of a bicomponent magma mixing.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1122132

Beschreibung: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): melt inclusions ; fluid inclusions ; trace elements ; noble gases ; Mt. Etna ; 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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A SO2 flux study of the Etna volcano 2020–2021 paroxysmal sequences (2024)

Aiuppa, Alessandro ; Lo Bue Trisciuzzi, Giovanni ; Alparone, Salvatore ; [weitere]

Frontiers S.A.

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-01-25

Beschreibung: The persistent open-vent degassing of Mt. Etna is often punctuated by monthslong paroxysmal sequences characterized by episodes of violent Strombolian to lava fountaining activity. Understanding these gas-fueled transitions from quiescence to eruption requires routine measurement of gas fluxes. Here, we report SO2 flux measurements, obtained from a permanent UV camera system, collected over a two-year-long period spanning two paroxysmal sequences of Etna’s New South East Crater (NSEC) in December 2020/April 2021 and May/ October 2021. In both cases, SO2 flux increased from ≤ 3250 Mg/day during “ordinary” activity to ≥ 4200 Mg/day. We interpret these distinct SO2 degassing regimes in light of seismic and thermal observations and drawing on numerical simulations of sulfur degassing constrained by parental melt sulfur contents in Etna’s hawaiites. We find that initiation of a paroxysmal sequence results from an approximate doubling of the time-averaged rate of magma supply (and degassing) above the sulfur exsolution level (~150 MPa pressure), to 〉4m3/s. This corroborates recent models that argue for the triggering of paroxysmal sequences by escalating supply of volatile-rich magma to a reservoir ~3–4 km below the summit region. The non-stationary nature of magma flow and volcanic degassing we identify highlights the need for sustained surveillance to characterize long-term atmospheric budgets of volcanic volatiles

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1115111

Beschreibung: OSV2: Complessità dei processi vulcanici: approcci multidisciplinari e multiparametrici

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): Etna, ; volcanic gases ; SO2 flux ; paroxysms ; UV Camera ; basaltic explosive volcanism ; 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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A review of the tectonic, volcanological and hazard history of Vulcano (Aeolian Islands, Italy) (2024)

De Astis, Gianfilippo ; Doronzo, Domenico Maria ; Di Vito, Mauro Antonio

Wiley

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-04-08

Beschreibung: Vulcano is one of the seven volcanic islands composing the Aeolian Islands archipelago (Southern Italy), which also includes three other active volcanoes. The island was orig-inally a stratovolcano like Stromboli; afterwards, its shape turned towards a complex structure composed of several volcanic landforms of different sizes. This is due to the great variability of the tectonic and volcanic phenomena, presently showing a volcano made by two calderas, a lava dome complex and two small active cones. The largest of them is the tuff cone of La Fossa, hosted in the middle of a 3- km-wide caldera struc-ture (La Fossa caldera), whose borders are visible on the southern and western sides of the island. Its last eruption occurred in 1888–1890. At present, Vulcano is charac-terized by weak shallow seismicity and intense fumarolic activity mainly concentrated within the crater of the La Fossa cone and along its rims during a recent unrest phase started in 2021, and measured with a multiparametric monitoring network.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 471-487

Beschreibung: OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcaniche

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): Aeolian Islands, Vulcano ; multihazard ; plumbing system ; unrest ; volcanic history ; stratigraphy ; tectonics ; 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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Impact assessment caused by bradyseism phenomena in the Campi Flegrei area (2024)

Perelli, Francesca Linda ; Di Maio, Luigia Sara ; De Gregorio, Daniela ; [weitere]

Frontiers S.A.

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Publikationsdatum: 2024-05-09

Beschreibung: Campi Flegrei (Italy) is among the areas with the greatest volcanic explosive risk in the world due to the dangerousness of the expected hazards, the high exposed value (about 500,000 people will be evacuated during the “alarm phase”), and the vulnerability of the urban settlements under the effect of the volcanic phenomena. The last two dramatic bradyseism phases occurred in 1969–1972 and 1982–1984 when Pozzuoli town was affected by rapid ground inflation, which brought an overall higher level of about 3.5 m and caused numerous earthquakes (M ≤ 4.2), with severe damage to buildings. During 1984, the seismicity was intense, with 33 events with 0.5 〈 M ≤ 3 and six with 3 〈 M ≤ 3.8. Subsequently, the Campi Flegrei caldera was characterized by general subsidence for about 20 years until 2005, when a new inflation period started and is still ongoing (∼1 m). The areal distribution of the recent uplift is characterized by the maximum vertical displacement in the town of Pozzuoli, with a radial decrease from the caldera center outwards. The need to better understand Campi Flegrei volcanic activity is fundamental to protecting the population from hazards linked to explosive volcanic eruptions and understanding the role of seismicity as a possible precursor of a potential eruption. In this perspective, as part of the activities of the PLINIVS Study Centre (Centre of Competence of Italian Civil Protection Department for Volcanic Risk), the authors developed a procedure, implemented in a web application, that relates the monitoring of the ground deformation with the behavior of buildings to evaluate the level of progressive damage to the ordinary Phlegraean buildings due to bradyseism in near real time. This study describes the models adopted for the three impact/risk factors (hazard, exposure, and vulnerability) used to estimate building damage.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 1129175

Beschreibung: OSV4: Preparazione alle crisi vulcaniche

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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Evidence for a peculiar style of ground deformation inferred at Vesuvius volcano (2023)

Lanari, Riccardo ; De Natale, Giuseppe ; Berardino, Paolo ; [weitere]

AGU

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Publikationsdatum: 2023-01-10

Beschreibung: We present results obtained via an innovative spacebome SAR interferometry algorithm showing that the Somma-Vesuvius volcanic complex, despite of its quiescent stage, is subject lo a particular deformation process. This is characterized by a rather continuous subsidence, revealed by ERS satellite data and levelling surveys, between 1992 and 2000. These deformations are mainly localized in two zones involving the Vesuvius cone and a narrow annular area that, although not fully continuously, extends around the base of the Somma edifice. We propose an interpretation of subsidence at both sites involving joint effects of gravitational sliding and extensional tectonic stress occurring at the contact between different lithological units. Some simple elastic models show how such localized subsidence can be generated. These results shed new light on the Vesuvius dynamics and, more generally, on the link between gravitational effects of volcano loading and seismic-deformative processes, which is a subject of intense scientific debate.

Beschreibung: IREA-CNR, Istituto per il Rilevamento Elettromagnetico dell'Ambiente, National Research Council, Napoli, Italy. INGV-OV, Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Sezione di Napoli "Osservatorio Vesuviano", Napoli, Italy.

Beschreibung: Published

Beschreibung: 6.1-6.4

Beschreibung: 2V. Struttura e sistema di alimentazione dei vulcani

Beschreibung: JCR Journal

Schlagwort(e): DIFSAR, levelling, Vesuvius ; 04.08. Volcanology

Repository-Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)

Materialart: article

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