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  • Articles  (61)
  • 42.10  (61)
  • Springer  (61)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
  • 2020-2024
  • 1980-1984  (34)
  • 1975-1979  (27)
  • Physics  (61)
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  • Articles  (61)
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  • Springer  (61)
  • American Chemical Society (ACS)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Reciprocity and equivalence in reciprocal and non-reciprocal media through reflection transformations of the current distributions (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 327-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The electromagnetic wave fields generated by arbitrary electric and equivalent magnetic current distributions are expressed by means of a Maxwell operator in anisotropic, gyrotropic or bianisotropic media. Provided that the constitutive tensorK(r), (which relates the wave-field vectorsD andB toE andH), has in each case the appropriate symmetry in its spatial variation, Lorentz-type reciprocity relations are obtained connecting the given current distributions and their wave fields with a transformed (reflected) set of current distributions and their fields. Reflections are with respect to a plane, a line or a point, depending on the symmetry structure of the constitutive tensor. “Modified Lorentz reciprocity” appears as a special case of the reflection transformations. A related set of reflection transformations yields “equivalence” (rather than reciprocity) relationships, in which mirrored current distributions generate mirrored wave fields. Various applications are discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686362
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Bragg diffraction of gaussian beams by thick gratings: Numerical evaluations by plane-wave decomposition (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 28 (1982), S. 383-390 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.80
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The validity of 2-D coupled-wave theory is investigated for the case of Bragg diffraction of a Gaussian beam by a thick unslanted phase grating in transmission mode. Fourier plane wave decomposition theory, as presented in a companion article, is used to test 2-D coupled-wave theory under circumstances when its validity is in question, namely when the incident distribution is very narrow or fast-varying, or when the parameterv o, due to Kogelnik (1969), which is proportional to the product of coupling rate and grating thickness, is very large. Numerical evaluations of the field patterns at output from the grating, obtained using plane-wave decomposition, are used to explore the effect of the gradual violation of the conditions (from the previous article) under which 2-D coupled-wave theory is valid.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00686370
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Imagery of ocean waves by synthetic aperture radar (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 1-11 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider the image structure of ocean waves produced by a synthetic aperture radar (SAR). The theory takes account of the spatial and temporal dependence of small scale capillary waves and large scale waves. Detailed discussions are given to the imaging process in which both amplitude modulation and velocity bunching contribute to the final images. Discussions are also presented on the effect of defocussing on the images of azimuth waves.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00694361
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Experimental measurements of non-Gaussian scattering by a fractal diffuser (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 179-186 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We report measurements of the statistics of intensity scintillations of 10.6 μm CO2 radiation scattered by a two-dimensional fractal phase screen. The surface profile of the phase screen is measured and shown to have a Hausdorff-Besicovitch dimension of approximately 1.4. Measurements of the on-axis intensity fluctuations as a function of illuminated spot size in both the Fresnel and Fraunhofer region are presented. This fractal scatterer does not produce the high contrast values found in speckle patterns of smoothlyvarying surfaces. Both direct and heterodyne detection results are reported. Measurements of the average intensity as a function of angle are also presented, and illustrate the failure of theoretical models which assume a Gaussian phase autocorrelation function.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688840
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Transient orientational grating technique for investigations of fast molecular relaxation processes (1984)
    Springer
    Applied physics 34 (1984), S. 129-137 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33.50 ; 42.10 ; 42.60
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract A theoretical description of a three-pulse transient grating technique is given where the pump pulses form orientational gratings. Including energy relaxation and angular reorientation the temporal behavior of the diffraction efficiency and energy transmission is discussed with respect to the dependence on the corresponding rate constants and the results are compared with experimental data for Rh6G and RhB. The polarization plane of the pulse diffracted by the grating is found to be rotated in dependence on its initial polarization.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00697505
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Symmetries and scattering relations in plane-stratified anisotropic, gyrotropic, and bianisotropic media (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 147-153 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract We consider plane-wave propagation in uniaxial anisotropic, gyrotropic or bianisotropic plane-stratified media, characterized by 6×6 constitutive tensors $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} $$ which relate the wave fieldsD andB toE andH. Biorthogonality of the given and adjoint eigenmodes is derived for all media. Seven different 6×6 diagonal matrices $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{P} $$ are considered, which either transform $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} $$ into its transpose ( ), or leave it unchanged, each transformation being applicible to at least one of the media discussed. By applying the transformation to the corresponding adjoint propagation equations, it is shown that the solution of a given propagation problem leads to the formulation and solution of a “conjugate” problem, in which either, or both, of the tangential components of the propagation vector are reversed in sign. Some of the transformations converting $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} $$ to lead to a reciprocity-type scattering relation, with positive-going waves in the given problem being related to negative-going waves in the conjugate problem. Some of the transformations leaving $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} $$ unchanged ( $$\underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{P} \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{P} = \underset{\raise0.3em\hbox{$\smash{\scriptscriptstyle\thicksim}$}}{K} $$ ) lead to an equivalence relationship between scattering matrices in the two problem. Interesting consequences with regard to the formulation of Lorentz-type reciprocity relations between currents and fields are envisaged.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01284916
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An effect of curvature of rotating diffuse objects on the dynamics of speckles produced in the diffraction field (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 185-192 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.10 ; 42.30
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The time correlation function is analyzed of the speckel intensity fluctuation produced in the Fresnel diffraction field from a rotating diffuse object under illumination of a Gaussian laser beam. The dependence of the curvature radius of the rotating diffuse object on the time correlation length of the speckle intensity fluctuation is especially explored by taking into account the size of the detecting aperture. The theoretical results are confirmed experimentally for detecting apertures with various sizes. It is shown that a detecting aperture with an appropriate size is required. It becomes useful for determining the radius of curvature of the rotating diffuse object from measurements of the time correlation length of the speckle intensity fluctuation.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00692445
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Nonlinear optical processes (1982)
    Springer
    Applied physics 29 (1982), S. 159-160 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 33 ; 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00688658
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Cylindrical Gaussian-Hermite modes in rectangular waveguide resonators (1983)
    Springer
    Applied physics 31 (1983), S. 229-233 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 41 ; 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract Approximate solutions to the wave equation inside a rectangular metallic waveguide has been obtained in terms of cylindrical Gaussian-Hermite functions.E mn π modes propagate with negligible straight guide losses in the far-infrared region. A new type of low-loss optical resonator suitable for FEL operation at long wavelengths is presented here.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00690793
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  • 10
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Thick-grating non-divergent focussing device: 2-D analysis (1981)
    Springer
    Applied physics 26 (1981), S. 89-98 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-0649
    Keywords: 42.80 ; 42.82 ; 42.10
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Physics
    Notes: Abstract The two-dimensional analysis of a recently reported thick grating Bragg diffraction focussing device is carried out using Solymar's coupled-wave approach. It is shown that the device is capable of operating as a non-divergent lens with beam contraction ratios of better than 100:1, and conversion efficiencies of nearly 100%. It is also shown that it can operate as a novel kind of Fourier spectrum analyser, the focussed diffracted intensity being proportional (as a function of Bragg condition violation) to the modulus squared of the Fourier transform of the incident finite beam. The focussing properties are studied as functions of incident beam profile, width and position, grating strength and Bragg condition violation. Poynting vector optics is used successfully to predict (in conjunction with the dispersion surfaces of x-ray dynamical theory) the off-Bragg behaviour in the focal plane. It is likely that the device could be used as avariable ratio beam contractor in integrated optics, where the grating strength could be controlled (interdigital electrode system) electrooptically.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01284908
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