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  • MCPA biodegradation
  • agriculture
  • MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute  (75)
  • American Chemical Society
  • Blackwell Publishing Ltd
  • 2020-2024  (77)
  • 1990-1994
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  • 2020-2024  (77)
  • 1990-1994
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  • 1
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: The sustainability of water resources worldwide is increasingly imperiled as climate change contributes to the human-induced problems of water supply scarcity and maldistribution. Environmental problems associated with water quality, such as aquifer depletion, land subsidence, the seasonal drying of river flows, waterlogging, the salinization of rivers and groundwater, and human health problems from the excessive use of fertilizers and pesticides will require a radical re-thinking of resource-management policy and new tools to help analysts and regulators craft novel solutions. Over the past several decades, with the advent and rapid progress of computational technology, watershed models have increasingly become important and effective tools for tackling a wide range of water resource and environmental management issues and for supporting regulatory compliance. Statistical and machine-learning methods are being used to support and even supplant more traditional simulation models to improve the estimation of the temporal dynamics and patterns of variability in pollutant concentrations and loads. With the advancements in modeling approaches for water quality, there have also been developments in decision-support tools for water quality management. This reprint describes innovative decision-support approaches from around the world and across sectors that can be applied by stakeholders, government entities, and regulators to reduce environmental pollution and result in cost-effective and sustainable water management strategies.
    Keywords: tree-ring ; flow reconstruction ; pre-development ; estuarine salinity ; salinity intrusion ; water quality forecasting ; decision support ; WARMF ; regression model ; salinity ; irrigated agriculture ; stakeholder involvement ; stream water quality ; CART ; ID3 ; random forest ; bagging ; boosting ; extremely random trees ; Gradient Boosting ; land use factor ; Decision Support System ; water quality forecast ; MLP neural network ; Daubechies 5 wavelet ; long short-term memory network ; hybrid model ; decomposition-and-ensemble ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; EDSS ; SaaS ; irrigation ; agriculture ; policy ; water ; economics ; model ; conservation practices ; decision making ; nutrients ; sediment ; targeting ; water quality ; chemical footprint ; emerging contaminants ; endocrine-disrupting compounds ; footprint calculator ; personal care products ; remote sensing ; geographical information systems ; watershed management ; ambient monitoring ; data collection ; San Joaquin River ; decision support system ; assimilative capacity ; real-time management economics ; drinking water quality ; operational decision-making ; real-time monitoring ; Sacramento-San Joaquin Delta ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCV Economics of specific sectors::KCVG Environmental economics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology::TQK Pollution control
    Language: English
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  • 2
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural production management is facing a new era of intelligence and automation. With developments in sensor technologies, the temporal, spectral, and spatial resolution from ground/air/space platforms have been notably improved. Optical sensors play an essential role in agriculture production management. Specifically, monitoring plant health, growth conditions, and insect infestation has traditionally involved extensive fieldwork. We believe that sensors, artificial intelligence, and machine learning are not simply scientific experiments but opportunities to make our agricultural production management more efficient and cost-effective, further contributing to the healthy development of natural–human systems. This reprint compiles the latest research on optical sensors and machine learning in agricultural monitoring, including related topics: Machine learning approaches for crop health, growth, and yield monitoring; Combined multisource/multi-sensor data to improve the crop parameters mapping; Crop-related growth models, artificial intelligence models, algorithms, and precision management; Farmland environmental monitoring and management; Ground, air, and space platforms application in precision agriculture; Development and application of field robotics; High-throughput field information survey; Phenological monitoring.
    Keywords: soil moisture content ; spectral processing technology ; hyperspectral ; principal component analysis ; feature parameters extraction ; yield estimation ; rice ; unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) ; tasseled cap transformation ; precision agriculture ; weed identification ; YOLOv4-Tiny ; attention mechanism ; multiscale detection ; angle normalization ; vegetation canopy reflectance ; geostationary satellite ; path length correction ; Minnaert model ; GOCI ; winter wheat ; LSTM ; LAI ; deep learning ; land use ; land cover ; classification ; random forest ; Sentinel data ; SRTM ; feature selection ; accuracy ; validation ; unmanned aerial vehicle ; soybean ; convolutional neural network ; multispectral imagery ; fusarium head blight ; texture indices ; machine learning ; cropland ; multi-seasonal ; fractal feature ; feature extraction ; accuracy evaluation ; black soil ; UAV ; chlorophyll ; fractional vegetation cover ; maturity monitoring ; anomaly detection ; smart agriculture ; detection of apple leaf diseases ; YOLOv5 ; transformer ; CBAM ; crop type classification ; multi-temporal ; remote sensing ; dairy cows ; body condition score ; 3D TOF sensor ; non-contact evaluation ; recognize area of interest ; sugarcane clones ; canopy cover ; light interception ; biomass ; cane yield ; peanut southern blight ; reflection spectrum ; spectral index ; continuous wavelet transform ; VGNet ; corn diseases ; leaf detection ; lightweight ; transfer learning ; agriculture ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Twelve edited original papers on the latest and state-of-art results of topics ranging from calibration, validation, and science to a wide range of applications using ALOS-2/PALSAR-2. We hope you will find them useful for your future research.
    Keywords: Sentinel-1 ; ALOS/PALSAR-2 ; land subsidence ; accuracy assessment ; Alexandria City ; Egypt ; local climate zone ; random forest ; feature importance ; land surface temperature ; grid cells ; Sentinel-2 ; PALSAR-2 ; ASTER ; soil moisture ; ALOS-2 ; GA-BP ; water cloud model ; L-band ; SAR ; backscattering ; soil moisture content ; LAI ; HH and HV polarization ; flood ; NoBADI ; Florida ; Hurricane Irma ; synthetic aperture radar ; polarimetric radar ; co-polarized phase difference ; radar scattering ; vegetation ; radar applications ; agriculture ; leaf area index ; leave-one-out cross-validation ; oil palm ; radar vegetation index ; vegetation descriptors ; ecosystem carbon cycle ; L-band SAR ; vegetation index ; random forest regression ; plantation ; permafrost ; InSAR ; Qinghai-Tibet Plateau ; ALOS ; thermal melting collapse ; Sentinel-1A ; SBAS-InSAR ; heavy forest area ; potential landslide identification ; SAR-based landslide detection ; Growing Split-Based Approach (GSBA) ; Hokkaido landslide ; Putanpunas landslide ; SAR polarimetry ; model-free 3-component decomposition for full polarimetric data (MF3CF) ; radar polarimetry ; calibration ; Faraday rotation ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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  • 4
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 5
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Remote image capture systems are a key element in efficient and sustainable agriculture nowadays. They are increasingly being used to obtain information of interest from the crops, the soil and the environment. It includes different types of capturing devices: from satellites and drones, to in-field devices; different types of spectral information, from visible RGB images, to multispectral images; different types of applications; and different types of techniques in the areas of image processing, computer vision, pattern recognition and machine learning. This book covers all these aspects, through a series of chapters that describe specific recent applications of these techniques in interesting problems of agricultural engineering.
    Keywords: SVM ; budding rate ; UAV ; geometric consistency ; radiometric consistency ; point clouds ; ICP ; reflectance maps ; vegetation indices ; Parrot Sequoia ; artificial intelligence ; precision agriculture ; agricultural robot ; optimization algorithm ; online operation ; segmentation ; coffee leaf rust ; machine learning ; deep learning ; remote sensing ; Fourth Industrial Revolution ; Agriculture 4.0 ; failure strain ; sandstone ; digital image correlation ; Hill–Tsai failure criterion ; finite element method ; reference evapotranspiration ; moisture sensors ; machine learning regression ; frequency-domain reflectometry ; randomizable filtered classifier ; convolutional neural network ; U-Net ; land use ; banana plantation ; Panama TR4 ; aerial photography ; remote images ; systematic mapping study ; agriculture ; applications ; total leaf area ; mixed pixels ; Cabernet Sauvignon ; NDVI ; Normalized Difference Vegetation Index ; precision viticulture ; 3D model ; spatial vision ; fertirrigation ; teaching–learning ; spectrometry ; Sentinel-2 ; pasture quality index ; normalized difference vegetation index ; normalized difference water index ; supplementation ; decision making ; digital agriculture ; grape yield estimate ; berries counting ; Dilated CNN ; machine learning algorithms ; classification performance ; winter wheat mapping ; large-scale ; water stress ; Prunus avium L. ; stem water potential ; low-cost thermography ; thermal indexes ; canopy temperature ; non-water-stressed baselines ; non-transpiration baseline ; soil moisture ; andosols ; image processing ; greenhouse ; automatic tomato harvesting ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 6
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: This special issue entitled “Water Quality Assessments for Urban Water Environment,” strives to highlights the status quo of water environment, opportunities and challenges for their sustainable management in lieu of rapid global changes (land us eland cover changes, climate change, population growth, change in socio-economic dimension, urbanization etc.), in the urban space particularly in developing nations around the world. It also highlights the effect of COVID19 pandemic on water resources and way forward to minimize the risk of spreading health risk associated with wastewater management. Considering the complex nature of the urban water security, it highlights the importance of emerging approaches like socio-hydrology, landscape ecology, regional-circular-ecological sphere etc., which presents a perfect combination of hard (infrastructure) and soft (numerical simulations, spatial technologies, participatory approaches, indigenous knowledge) measures, as the potential solutions to manage this precious water resource in coming future. Finally, what is the way forward to enhance science-policy interface in a better way to achieve global goals e.g., SDGs at local level in a timely manner. It provides valuable information about sustainable water resource management at the urban landscape, which is very much useful for policy-makers, decision-makers, local communities, and other relevant stakeholders.
    Keywords: groundwater ; geospatial analysis ; hydrogeochemical assessment ; multivariate statistical analysis ; water quality index ; middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River ; urban river stretches ; phosphorus ; spatial distribution ; bioavailability ; suspended sediment (SS) ; water quality ; WEAP ; climate change adaptation ; urbanization ; domestic wastewater management ; sustainable development goals ; triple-rice cropping system ; full-dike ; surface water quality ; WAWQI ; An Giang Province ; the Vietnamese Mekong Delta ; hydrological residence time (HRT) ; lake ; COVID ; waterbodies ; WQI ; HPI ; HEI ; SARS-CoV-2 ; COVID-19 ; bioaerosol ; aerosolized wastewater ; environmental transmission ; agriculture ; water security ; water scarcity ; climate change ; IWRM ; socioeconomic changes ; sustainable development ; Pindrawan tank area ; drinking water quality ; artificial intelligence ; particle swarm optimization ; support vector machine ; naive Bayes classifier ; water insecurity ; water security framework ; public health ; primary health care ; groundwater demand ; Sundarbans ; vulnerability ; sensitivity loop ; water–human wellbeing nexus ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 7
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: This Special Issue consists of fourteen original scientific articles concerning different problems associated with the water quality of freshwater ecosystems in a temperate climate. Most of the articles deal with the relationship between water quality and the structure of ecosystem biocenoses. The conclusion of these articles confirms the fact that the deterioration of water quality has a direct impact on the quantitative and qualitative structure of biocenoses. This is accompanied by a decline in biodiversity and the disappearance of rare plant and animal species. They also draw attention to the particular importance of internal physical and chemical differentiation within the aquatic ecosystem, both in horizontal and vertical dimensions. The problem of ensuring proper ecological conditions and good quality of water in freshwater aquatic ecosystems is also raised, and various methods for the restoration of water bodies are presented. This Special Issue contributes to a better understanding of the causes of water quality deterioration, the mechanisms responsible for the functioning of ecosystems, including the decrease of biodiversity and the possibilities of improving their condition. Thus, it can be helpful for regaining the good ecological status of water bodies required by the Water Framework Directive.
    Keywords: biomanipulation ; chlorophyll-a ; hypolimnion aeration ; nutrients ; phosphorus inactivation ; invertebrates ; hydrological regime ; diversity ; water bodies ; water quality ; strontium isotopes ; springs ; meromictic lake ; eutrophication ; catchment ; nutrient load ; agriculture ; European Water Framework Directive ; shallow lake ; stratified lake ; functional groups of phytoplankton ; innovative method of restoration ; oxygenation near the bottom sediments ; phytoplankton biomass ; restoration treatment ; small lake ; sustainable restoration ; rotifers ; microcrustaceans ; aquatic vegetation ; small water bodies ; human-induced impact ; ecological assessment ; macroinvertebrates ; zooplankton ; anthropogenic impact ; stream ecology ; riverbed regulation ; soft water lake ; Lobelia dortmanna ; Littorella uniflora ; Isoëtes lacustris ; human impact ; cyanobacteria ; Daphnia ; harmful algal bloom mitigation ; phytoplankton ; reactive oxygen specie ; water level fluctuation ; multi-proxy approach ; Cladocera ; Chironomidae ; diatoms ; Northern Europe ; West Africa ; climate change ; rainfall variability ; riverbanks ; floodplain lakes ; Carabidae ; stenotopic species ; assemblage ; overgrown ; surface microlayer ; phytoneuston ; metals ; urban water body ; ciliate assemblages ; oxygen concentration ; ecological optimum ; lake ; freshwater habitats ; biodiversity ; aquatic plants ; plankton assemblages ; water cycle ; freshwater ecosystems restoration ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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  • 8
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-01
    Description: Tannins are a family of versatile, natural phenolic biomolecules whose key role is to protect plants against insects and fungi. They are also valuable in use for humans. We show tannins' antioxidant and antibacterial properties, in addition to their potential application in the food industry. We prove the accessibility of condensed tannins to a wide range of potential applications, including NH3 neutralizer, the building block of numerous porous materials, such as foams, organic, and carbon gels. Finally, they are known as wood adhesives, heavy metal scavengers, and corrosion inhibitors. With this book, we want to present the most promising perspectives of tannin.
    Keywords: tannins ; applications ; new applications ; drawbacks ; advantages ; tannin ; polyphenolic molecules ; sol-gel ; organic gel ; carbon gel ; hydrothermal carbonization ; porous materials ; pore structure ; biopolymer ; low-cost ; human serum albumin (HSA) ; fatty acid ; polyphenol ; protein conformation ; protein aggregation ; Förster resonance energy transfer (FRET) ; blue honeysuckle berry ; apple ; anthocyanins ; polyphenols ; antioxidant ; juice ; grape seed extract ; cotton ; antibacterial ; UV protection ; flavanols ; condensed tannin ; Vitis vinifera ; microwave-extraction ; glucosidase ; cytotoxicity ; greenhouse gas ; NH3 ; tannin-furanic foam ; liquid manure ; natural polyphenol ; agriculture ; emission reduction ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 9
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Rivers are an excellent witness of the dynamics affecting Earth’s surface due to their sedimentary products and morphological expression, which may be considered as fluvial archives. Until now, the focus has been on evaluating the general impact of individual external factors. However, the importance of the specific environmental characteristics of these factors has become increasingly recognized, as highlighted in recent case studies. For example, the effects of regional climate, differentiated topography and vegetation, and frozen ground appear to play an essential role in the evolution of the fluvial system. Integration of such environmental conditions in the processes that were active within the complex fluvial system will open new perspectives in our progressive understanding of the evolution of landscape form, ecology, sediment fluxes, and hydrology of the system within the framework of the external drivers such as tectonics, general climate, and human activity. This is an appealing challenge that we wish to address in the present Special Issue under the aegis of the Fluvial Archives Group (FLAG).
    Keywords: Q1-390 ; n/a ; Tisa ; dikes ; OSL dating ; last glacial ; legacy sediments ; fluvial archives ; western Iberia ; fire ; river engineering ; uplift ; crustal properties ; craton ; fluvial evolution ; OSL-dating ; local conditions ; Pannonian Basin ; deforestation ; eastern Australia ; tectonic impact ; Holocene ; optically stimulated luminescence ; paleo-fluvial ; environmental change ; terrace development ; vegetation-induced sedimentary structures ; alluvial fan ; FLAG ; dams ; agriculture ; fluvial forcing ; domestication ; archaeology ; terrace ; sedimentary basins ; Anthropocene ; Late Pleistocene ; fluvial facies ; optical stimulated luminescence (OSL) dating ; OSL ; climate ; channel entrenchment ; grain-size analysis ; river terraces ; Tisza ; extrinsic controls ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general
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  • 10
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: The 15th Estuarine and Coastal Modeling Conference provides a venue for commercial, academic, and government scientists and engineers from around the world to present and discuss the latest results and techniques in applied estuarine and coastal modeling. Prospective authors are invited to submit papers on a wide range of topic areas, including:• Pollutant Transport and Water Quality Prediction• Coastal Response to Climate Change• Modeling Techniques and Sensitivity Studies• Model Assessment• Modeling Specific Estuarine and Coastal Systems• Visualization and Analysis• Wave and Sediment Transport Modeling• Modeling of Chemicals and Floatables• Oil Spill Transport and Fate Modeling• Inverse Methods• Circulation Modeling• Facility Siting and CSO Studies• Data Assimilation• Nowcast/Forecast Modeling Systems• Modeling Systems with Strong Buoyancy Forcing• Modeling of Coupled Systems• Risk Analysis (Nuclear Reactors, Flood Forecasting)
    Keywords: G1-922 ; Q1-390 ; water level ; stratification ; Chatham Sound ; wave hindcast ; water level time series ; marine construction ; storm surge ; VDatum ; NARR ; estuarine modeling ; ecosystem simulation ; CFSR ; Sandusky Bay ; hydrodynamic modeling ; river discharge ; tidal datums ; British Columbia ; geospatial data visualization ; ocean modeling ; operational forecast ; numerical model ; initial dilution zone ; Puget Sound ; anthropogenic impact ; Finite Volume Community Ocean Model ; Salish Sea ; hydrodynamic numerical model ; compound events ; sea level rise ; marine ; Finite-Volume Community Ocean Model (FVCOM) ; CE-QUAL-W2 ; CICE ; temperature ; barotropic ; statistical interpolation ; unstructured grid ; wind-driven current ; Salish Sea model ; wave energy ; ADCIRC ; sediment transport ; breakwater ; biophysical modeling ; model calibration ; harbor ; Great Lakes ; multi-level nested-grid modeling ; property-carrying particle model ; spatially varying uncertainty (SVU) ; FVCOM ; phytoplankton ; MIKE21SW ; baroclinic ; tidal currents ; climate change ; operational nowcast and forecast system ; tidal constituent database ; spatially varying uncertainty ; momentum balance ; coastal ocean modeling ; eutrophication ; Hood Canal ; flooding ; coupled models ; environmental assessment ; water quality ; nearshore restoration ; SWAN ; Texas ; H3D ; coastal storm ; floating bridge ; wind forcing ; tidal current ; lateral circulation ; zone of influence ; ADvanced CIRCulation model (ADCIRC) ; non-tidal zones ; agriculture ; sediment model ; short-lived radioisotopes ; coastal and estuarine modeling ; Eastern North Pacific Ocean (ENPAC) ; Gulf of Mexico ; cloud computing ; feasibility assessments ; internal tides ; ice modeling ; salinity ; north-east Gulf of Mexico ; data analysis ; Brown Passage ; WaveWatch III ; marine grid population ; channel deepening ; hydrodynamics ; large-wave hindcast ; western Louisiana ; tides ; estuary ; algal growth kinetics ; circulation ; salt wedge ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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  • 11
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: Achieving success along the entire production and supply chain of a dairy sector depends explicitly on adopting a sustainable 'state of the art' approach. In this regard, understanding key sustainability indicators and challenges with a holistic approach is vital. Appropriate design, application of novel technologies, implementation of life cycle analysis, upgradation and optimization of the entire production line are some of the key factors to be measured. In addition, it is vital that due consideration is given to demands of the producers, consumers, and dependent industries. Nevertheless, concern for the environment, social security and economy of the region should not be ignored. Precise planning ('on-farm' and 'off-farm') assumes importance especially when circular economy strategies needs to be considered. With these as background, this book is focused towards identifying present opportunities and overcoming future sustainability challenges in the global dairy sector.
    Keywords: dairy ; water ; review ; modelling ; water footprint ; agriculture ; feed additive ; methane mitigation ; enteric emissions ; greenhouse gas ; climate change ; LCA ; environmental impacts ; intensification ; technical efficiency ; four-component model ; endogeneity ; input distance function ; meta-frontier ; stochastic frontier analysis ; dairy processing industry ; European Union ; proanthocyanidins ; condensed tannins ; secondary plant metabolites ; methane ; ruminants ; farm ; organization ; governance ; adoption ; agroecology ; practices ; regulation ; Brazil ; ammonia emissions ; dairy cow ; flushing ; freestall barn ; scraping ; heat pump ; dairy farming ; water heater ; ASHP ; ASHPWH ; usable water ; emissions ; sustainability ; farm type ; sustainable management ; small-/medium-scale animal farms ; food science ; customer experience design ; food well-being ; food psychology ; hedonia ; eudaimonia ; meaningful consumption ; artisan products ; local food ; profit cows ; economic sustainability ; knowledge transfer ; production disease ; production disease economics ; emission factor ; enteric fermentation ; gross energy ; milking cows ; dairy industry ; supply chain management ; safety failure factors ; interpretive structural modeling ; MICMAC analysis ; agro-livestock sector ; GHG emissions ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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  • 12
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-05-11
    Description: It was recently reported that pollution was responsible for 9 million premature deaths in 2015, making it the world's largest environmental risk factor for disease and premature death. Human and industrial activities generate various forms of residual wastes and by-products in a solid, liquid, or gaseous state. Waste generation starts with simple processes such as living, eating, and breathing. Managing waste and minimizing associated environmental impacts have become more challenging as worldwide populations and economies continue to grow. Once these hazardous chemicals are present in the environment, people can become exposed to them. Human health can be influenced by many factors, including exposure to physical, chemical, biological, and radiological contaminants in the environment.This reprint comprises research papers related to the aspects of environmental exposure to multiple toxic chemicals and human health. The manuscripts are focused on toxicology, biomonitoring, exposure and risk assessment, and endocrine disruptors.
    Keywords: pesticide ; insecticide ; herbicide ; fungicide ; rheumatoid arthritis ; autoimmune disease ; n/a ; ovary ; endocrine disruptors ; follicular growth ; hormonal secretions ; gene expression ; bisphenols ; plasticiser ; ewe ; tetracyclines ; sulfonamides ; quinolones ; streptomycines ; meat ; antibiotics ; risk assessment ; air pollution ; endothelium ; inflammation ; cardiovascular disease ; ALS ; Alzheimer’s ; Aβ1–42 ; α synuclein ; children ; cerebrospinal fluid ; cisternal CSF ; fronto-temporal dementia ; Metropolitan Mexico City ; nanoparticles ; olfactory bulb granule cells ; PM2.5 ; Parkinson’s ; hyperphosphorylated tau ; TDP-43 ; cadmium ; crab ; crustaceans ; heavy metal toxicity ; nutrition ; pollution ; biomagnification ; biomonitoring ; benchmark dose ; BMDL ; BMDU ; creatinine clearance ; chronic kidney disease ; eGFR ; NOAEL ; urine cadmium ; plant protection products ; residential exposure ; agriculture ; Africa ; exposure pathway ; intake dose ; temporal variations ; spatial variations ; pollutants ; women exposure ; microRNAs ; PAHs ; paint production plant ; volatile organic compounds (VOCs) ; inhalation exposure ; cancer risk ; non-cancer risk ; economic loss ; subway PM exposure ; health burden ; long-term mortality ; morbidity ; 3-PBA ; pyrethroid pesticides ; pregnancy ; newborn ; anthropometry ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MM Other branches of medicine::MMG Pharmacology::MMGT Medical toxicology
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  • 13
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: This reprint collected a set of papers where our section Editorial Board Members discuss key topics that typify the very best insightful and influential original articles or reviews in the “Communications” field. We expect these papers to be widely read and highly influential within the field.
    Keywords: network security ; double defense ; zero trust ; situation awareness ; immunology ; blind modulation classification ; orthogonal frequency division multiplexing ; higher-order cumulant and cyclic cumulant ; maximum-likelihood ; maximum a posteriori ; deep learning ; convolutional neural networks ; probability of correct classification ; testbed implementation ; drone ; UAV ; RF methods ; software-defined radio ; detection system ; defense system ; TSN ; Industry 4.0 ; smart distributed measurement systems ; IIoT ; IoT ; Ethernet ; Wi-Fi ; bit error rate ; fading channels ; Internet of things ; LoRa ; performance evaluation ; Named Data Networking ; information centric networking ; caching ; edge networks ; 6G ; IEEE 802.11be ; multilink operation ; channel access ; backoff ; coexistence ; Bluetooth ; wireless passive human sensing ; wireless sensor networks ; cyber-attacks ; intrusion-detection system ; MCDM ; q-rung orthopair fuzzy sets ; q-ROFWG ; 5G ; 5G-AKA ; authentication ; blockchain ; BAN logic ; Scyther ; radio channel ; path loss ; signal strength ; receivers ; transmitters ; wireless communication ; computational modeling ; path planning ; electromagnetic propagation ; loss measurement ; propagation loss ; reconfigurable antenna ; metasurface ; varactor diode ; beam-scanning ; high gain ; actor–critic learning ; energy-efficiency ; O-RAN ; RAN optimization ; low power wide-area networks ; large-scale LoRa networks ; single-channel LoRa gateways ; multi-objective ; quantum computing ; quantum optimization algorithms ; quantum routing optimization ; 6G communication networks ; SNR estimation ; optical wireless communications ; intensity modulation ; digital signature ; elliptic curve cryptography ; key exchange ; platoons ; Sybil attack ; 3D indoor localization ; location-based services ; Internet of Things ; computer vision ; biomedical imaging ; biometrics ; remote sensing ; cybersecurity ; natural language processing ; audio and speech processing ; control system and robotics ; information system ; food ; agriculture ; chemistry ; characteristic mode ; parasitic loading ; slit loading ; low-profile ; wearable antenna ; platoon ; traffic congestion ; collision avoidance ; CACC ; merge maneuver ; join maneuver ; lane change ; clustering ; information element ; MAC de-randomization ; OPTICS ; probe request ; WiFi-enabled device detection ; wireless sensing device ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 14
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Environmental odour is perceived as a major nuisance by rural as well as urban populations. The sources of odourous substances are manifold. In urban areas, these include restaurants, small manufacturing trades, and other sources, which might cause complaints. In the suburbs, wastewater treatment plants, landfill sites, and other infrastructures are the expected major odour sources. These problems are often caused be the accelerated growth of cities. In rural sites, livestock farming and the spreading of manure on the fields is blamed for severe odour annoyance. In fact, environmental odours are considered to be a common cause of public complaints by residents to local authorities, regional, or national environmental agencies. This Special Issue of Atmosphere will address the entire chain, from the quantification of odour sources, abatement methods, the dilution in the atmosphere, and the assessment of odour exposure for the assessment of annoyance. In particular, this Special Issue aims to encourage contributions dealing with field trials and dispersion modeling to assess the degree of annoyance and the quantitative success of abatement measures.
    Keywords: environmental odour ; emission ; annoyance ; separation distance ; dispersion models ; empirical equations ; odour ; dispersion modelling ; wastewater treatment ; odour impact criteria ; separation distances ; odour legislation ; air quality ; air pollution ; odor ; smell ; odour units ; agriculture ; environmental regulations ; policy ; VOC ; GC-QTOF-MS ; GC-IMS ; wastewater treatment plant ; air dispersion model ; dose–response relationship ; odor impact criterion (OIC) ; perception-related odor exposure ; wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) ; Odors ; Odor Patrol ; Odor Profile Method ; monitoring Odors ; field inspection ; odour impact ; odour modelling ; olfactometry ; proficiency test ; bench loop ; n-butanol ; sampling uncertainties ; odorants ; SOAV ; OTV ; livestock ; odour dispersion modelling ; climate change ; stability classification ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 15
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Intensive agriculture has generally resulted in higher productivity, but also in a trend towards decreasing levels of agro-biodiversity, which represents a key point in ensuring the adaptability and resilience of agro-ecosystems in the global challenge to produce more and better food in a sustainable way. The biodiversity of vegetable crops includes genetic diversity—both as species diversity (interspecific diversity) and as a diversity of genes within a species (intraspecific diversity) with regard to the vegetable varieties grown—and the diversity of agro-ecosystems (agro-biodiversity). The purpose of this Special Issue is to publish high-quality research papers addressing recent progress and perspectives on different aspects related to the biodiversity of vegetable crops. Original, high-quality contributions that have not yet been published, or that are not currently under review by other journals have been sought. The papers in this Special Issue cover a broad range of aspects and report recent research results regarding agro-biodiversity, which continues to be of significant relevance for both genetic and agricultural applications. All contributions are of significant relevance and could stimulate further research in this area.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; S1-972 ; polyphenols ; landraces ; artichoke ; wild edible plants ; microsatellite marker ; mountain agriculture ; HPLC analyses ; Posidonia oceanica (L.) Delile ; apulian landraces ; traditional crops ; genetic reserve ; landrace ; meristem-tip culture ; databases ; long storage time ; Tanzania ; cultivated vegetables ; crop wild relative ; history ; safeguarding ; nutrition ; conservation ; Crithmum maritimum L. ; Italy ; crop population ; Tiggiano carrot ; germplasm ; local varieties ; in situ conservation ; homegardens ; thermotherapy ; genetic resources ; Solanum lycopersicum L. ; plant genetic resources ; recovery ; vegetables ; sanitation ; agriculture ; ecology ; domestication ; heavy metal ; ecotype ; cropping patterns ; virus-sanitation ; agrobiodiversity ; ecotypes ; Apium graveolens ; genetic distance ; genetic variability ; plant genetic resources populations ; food safety ; neglected and underutilized species ; heirloom ; geographical origin area ; seed bank ; climate change adaptation ; bioactive compounds ; genetic differentiation ; growing substrate ; characterization ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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  • 16
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Understanding deserts and drylands is essential, as arid landscapes cover 〉40% of the Earth and are home to two billion people. Today's problematic environment–human interaction needs contemporary knowledge to address dryland complexity. Physical dimensions in arid zones—land systems, climate and hazards, ecology—are linked with social processes that directly impact drylands, such as land management, livelihoods, and development. The challenges require integrated research that identifies systemic drivers across global arid regions. Measurement and monitoring, field investigation, remote sensing, and data analysis are effective tools to investigate natural dynamics. Equally, inquiry into how policy and practice affect landscape sustainability is key to mitigating detrimental activity in deserts. Relations between socio-economic forces and degradation, agro-pastoral rangeland use, drought and disaster and resource extraction reflect land interactions. Contemporary themes of food security, conflict, and conservation are interlinked in arid environments. This book unifies desert science, arid environments, and dryland development. The chapters identify land dynamics, address system risks and delineate human functions through original research in arid zones. Mixed methodologies highlight the vital links between social and environmental science in global deserts. The book engages with today's topical themes and presents novel analyses of arid land systems and societies.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; Q1-390 ; regeneration ; drylands ; invasive vine ; riparian ecosystems ; Kazakhstan ; Mongolian grassland ; human health ; charisma ; water rights ; political ecology ; the Hovmoller diagram ; Mongolia ; common-pool resource ; desertification ; afforestation ; continuous grazing ; arid area ; tamarind age ; land use change ; mountains of Central Asia ; soil carbon storage ; social movements ; case study of nomadic and settlement grazing system ; Afar ; protest ; social–ecological systems ; Central Asia ; Asian dust ; subarctic agriculture ; Jordan River Basin ; conservation ; protected areas ; water productivity ; national parks ; disturbance ; dryland ; increase of growing season ; Sanjiangyuan region ; policy implementation ; partnerships ; snow index ; global carbon balance ; dust storm emission ; Jordan ; One Belt ; local farming ; decoupling ; water security ; environmental impacts ; groundwater ; Kashgar Region ; Gobi ; Palestine ; degrading ; property rights ; One Road ; aerodynamic roughness ; Israel ; desert ; fodder demand ; spatial migration model ; vegetation survey ; agricultural water intensity ; dry lake beds ; LUCC ; communal rangelands ; subversive clientelism ; Tibetan Plateau ; ecotone ; river basin development ; livestock ; environmental justice ; computational fluid dynamics ; Japan ; remote sensing ; climate hazard ; mining ; Chobe ; modelling ; sustainable livelihoods ; water ; pastoralism ; environmental regime shift ; erosion ; institutional change ; Gobi desert of Mongolia ; Cuchillas de la Zarca ; non-linear change ; Ethiopia ; cross correlation analysis ; farming at its limits ; absence ; New Silk Road ; drag partition ; cellular automata ; agriculture ; China ; SPOT VGT ; grass height ; co-management ; Belt and Road Initiative ; wind erosion modelling ; Kyrgyzstan ; KAZA ; dust storm outbreak ; coverage ; desert reclamation ; nomadic pastoralism ; fodder supply ; soil quality index ; vegetation response to precipitation ; driving forces ; grassland degradation ; environment ; Nyangatom ; rotational grazing ; drought ; Asia ; infrastructure ; Southern Africa ; Gobi Desert region ; Sonoran desert ; South Omo ; arid region ; land cover/land use ; drip irrigation ; risk ; air temperature increase ; the Shiyang River Basin ; forest resources ; landscape ; ecosystem services ; Greenland ; economic valuation ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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  • 17
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Image processing in agriculture and forestry represents a challenge towards the automation of tasks for better performances. Agronomists, computer and robotics engineers, and agricultural machinery industry manufacturers now have at their disposal a book containing a collection of methods, procedures, designs, and descriptions at the technological forefront, which serves as an important support and aid for the implementation and development of their own ideas. The book describes: (1) Applications (canopy on trees, aboveground biomass, phenotyping, chlorophyll, leaf area index, water and nutrient content, land cover change, soil properties, and secure autonomous navigation); (2) Imaging devices onboard robots, unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), and satellites operating at different spectral ranges (visible, infrared, hyper-multispectral bands, and radar), as well as guidelines for selecting machine vision systems in outdoor environments; and (3) (Specific computer vision methods (generic and convolutional neural networks, machine learning, specific segmentation approaches, vegetation indices, and three-dimensional (3D) reconstruction).
    Keywords: TJ1-1570 ; agriculture ; image processing ; vegetation index ; aboreground biomass ; machine-vision ; autonomous navigation ; computer vision ; leaf area index ; forestry ; biophysical variables ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering::TDCW Pharmaceutical chemistry and technology
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  • 18
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Research performed on robotic applications has significantly expanded in the last decade, and currently, robotic systems are being utilized for many purposes. To achieve this generalized application of robots, researchers have endeavoured to study a wide variety of methods and algorithms in order to properly employ robotic systems in many real-life scenarios. At present, many types of robotic platforms are being employed in various applications, e.g., dual-arm robots, parallel robots, mobile robots, humanoid robots, aerial robots, underwater robots, and micro/nano robots. Moreover, some theoretical tools are specially being used to obtain correct robot performance, e.g., machine learning, artificial intelligence, multi-agent systems, and control and planning theory. The purpose of this reprint is to exhibit the current state of robotic applications. In particular, in addition to introducing novel theories and methods, this reprint is particularly focused on the application of robotic systems in real-life situations. Thus, the presentation of experimental results makes evident the feasibility and usefulness of robotic systems in practical cases. Obviously, this reprint does not intend to exhaustively demonstrate all the current existing robotic applications but rather give an overview of them, revealing the high level of activity in this area. This reprint contains an Editorial, together with 30 contributions in total from countries all around the world, addressing a broad range of robotic applications.
    Keywords: 6D pose estimation ; learning-based approach ; 2D-information-based approach ; 3D-information-based approach ; textureless and reflective objects ; foreground occlusion ; background clutter ; automated parking system ; fuzzy comprehension evaluation ; Floyd algorithm ; human-operated vehicle ; autonomous vehicle ; agriculture ; cooperative robots ; key technology ; control ; humanoid and bipedal locomotion ; legged robots ; passive walking ; foot placement estimation ; nonprehensile manipulation ; robotic batting ; high-speed object manipulation ; ball recognition ; trajectory estimation ; motion control ; weighted least square ; mobile robot ; formation ; motion coordination ; attitude observer ; trajectory tracking ; path tracking ; compliance control ; human–robot interaction ; sliding mode controller ; manual guidance ; path planning ; pure pursuit controller ; deep learning ; robot kidnapping detection ; autonomous navigation ; topological mapping ; field robotics ; mining automation ; robotic assembly ; deep neural networks ; peg-in-hole ; dual-arm ; human–robot collaboration ; assembly task ; user studies ; user preferences ; quality of task execution ; usability ; autonomous loading system ; manipulator motion planning ; manipulability ; stochastic planner ; robotics ; service robots ; healthcare robots ; robot-as-a-service ; smart cities ; AGV ; AMR ; industrial robots ; collaborative robots ; machine learning in robotics ; computer vision ; system identification ; flapping-wing micro air vehicle ; longitudinal mode ; model refinement ; gray box model ; onboard sensors ; robot calibration ; robot remastering ; calibration uncertainty ; part probing ; uncertainty reduction ; sensor feedback ; nanoelectromechanical system (NEMS) ; nanorobots ; ion channel Kv10.1 ; mathematical modeling ; control algorithm ; pose estimation ; 3D reconstruction ; charuco cuboid ; pediatric stroke ; upper limb ; hand rehabilitation ; device ; Gloreha Sinfonia ; case report ; robot system ; augmented reality ; robot teleoperation ; face recognition ; face tracking ; face detection ; face alignment ; person identification ; intelligent robots ; interactive systems ; time-of-flight ; lidar ; field of view redirection ; passive redirection ; clean mirror ; dusted mirror ; prism ; robot-assisted laparoscopic surgery ; surgical robot ; da Vinci Research Kit ; IoT ; multiple object tracking ; MOT ; self-driving ; SLAM ; KITTI ; MOTChallenges ; MOT15 ; MOT16 ; MOT17 ; UA_DETRAC ; symmetry ; sit-to-stand ; elevation angle ; coordination ; backpropagation ; optimization methods ; inverse kinematics ; bipedal robot ; bio-inspired design ; simulation ; model-based design ; LIPM ; passive walker ; Unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) ; detection technologies ; radio frequency-based (RF) ; radar ; acoustic ; electro optical ; hybrid fusion ; controller detection ; bird song ; soundscape ; ecoacoustics ; sound source localization ; robot audition ; HARK ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KNT Media, information & communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; bic Book Industry Communication::U Computing & information technology::UY Computer science
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  • 19
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: This book focuses on some fundamental issues of polymers’ natural degradation. It is mostly devoted to the different aspects of biodegradation, but some data on the action of water, oxygen, ozone, and UV/Vis light is also included. The consideration of the biodegradation in vivo as the superposition of decay and synthesis provides the opportunity for a fresh look at well-known processes.
    Keywords: gelatin methacryloyl ; osteoinduction ; tannic acid ; crosslinking ; hydrogel ; biodegradable ; poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) ; chitosan ; electrospinning ; thermal oxidation ; biodegradation ; Sturm’s method ; biodegradation rates ; arterial hypertension ; vertebral cartilage ; rhomboid fossa ; anaerobic digestion ; biosorbent ; biostimulant ; magnetite ; nanoparticles ; kinetic model ; polyvinyl chloride (PVC) ; pyrolysis ; thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) ; kinetics ; thermodynamics ; artificial neural networks (ANN) ; mechanochemical method ; recycled polyurethane foam ; orthogonal test ; tensile strength ; thermal conductivity ; enzymatic hydrolysis ; deep eutectic solvents ; polyethylene terephthalate ; Box-Behnken design ; microwave depolymerization ; biodegradable polyester ; ultrafine electrospun fibers ; tetraphenylporphyrin ; metalloporphyrin complexes ; Fe(III) ; Sn(IV) ; X-ray diffraction ; DSC ; spin probe EPR method ; SEM ; biopolymeric nanoparticles ; synthesis ; applications ; medicine ; agriculture ; mechanical recycling ; closed-loop ; polyolefins ; circular testing ; polymer degradation ; epoxy resin ; composite material ; hygrothermal ageing ; water diffusion ; Fick model deviation ; statistical analysis ; box plot ; PCA ; titanium silicon oxide ; hydrolytic degradation ; titania ; silica ; antimicrobial activity ; photocatalytic degradation ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 20
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Climate and anthropogenic changes impact the conditions of erosion and sediment transport in rivers. Rainfall variability and, in many places, the increase of rainfall intensity have a direct impact on rainfall erosivity. Increasing changes in demography have led to the acceleration of land cover changes in natural areas, as well as in cultivated areas, and, sometimes, in degraded areas and desertified landscapes. These anthropogenized landscapes are more sensitive to erosion. On the other hand, the increase in the number of dams in watersheds traps a great portion of sediment fluxes, which do not reach the sea in the same amount, nor at the same quality, with consequences on coastal geomorphodynamics. This book is dedicated to studies on sediment fluxes from continental areas to coastal areas, as well as observation, modeling, and impact analysis at different scales from watershed slopes to the outputs of large river basins. This book is concentrated on a number of keywords: “erosion” and “sediment transport”, “model” and “practice”, and “change”. The keywords are briefly discussed with respect to the relevant literature. The contributions in this book address observations and models based on laboratory and field data, allowing researchers to make use of such resources in practice under changing conditions.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; proglacial channels ; watershed ; practice ; modeling ; reservoirs ; degradation ; rill development ; Mediterranean Maghreb Basin ; urban drainage system ; fluvial erosion ; Wadi Mina ; Algeria ; sewer systems ; climate change ; phosphorus ; complex morphodynamics ; incipient deposition ; riverbed ; limiting tractive force ; ruptures ; runoff ; flooding ; soil loss ; suspended sediment ; sedimentation ; sediment ; transfer ; erosion ; specific degradation ; soil erosion ; Xihe River Basin ; water fluxes ; sediment fluxes ; environmental change ; field measurements ; dynamical downscaling ; mixed-size bed material ; two-phase flow ; agriculture ; sloping flume experiments ; mitigation measures ; bed load transport ; shear stress ; flow discharge ; GSD ; shear Reynolds number ; Anthropocene ; human activities ; deposition ; sediment delivery ; soil slurry ; SMBA Dam ; bedload transport ; aggradation ; Czech Republic ; sediment transport ; self-cleansing ; erosion topography ; CCHE1D ; sediment retention ; SWAT model ; migration ; water quality modelling ; hillside reservoirs ; erosion modelling ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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  • 21
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Commodity markets have evolved substantially since the early 2000s and have become more financialized. The recent cold war between the U.S.A. and China, the outbreak of COVID-19, and Russia's invasion of Ukraine have caused resource prices to soar, leading to greater volatility in the commodity markets. The volatility of the commodity markets has increased, and at the same time, financial markets such as the stock market, bond market, and foreign exchange market have become unstable. This has increased the linkage between the commodity and financial markets and has led to a great deal of attention being paid to the commodity markets by governments, companies, and investors.This reprint delves into recent developments in the commodity markets and elucidates the multifaceted factors that have shaped their trajectory. It examines how the interwoven dynamics of supply and demand, geopolitics, technology, and financialization have brought about a new era in commodity trading. By providing a comprehensive survey of these developments, we aim to provide insights that will help stakeholders successfully navigate the challenges and opportunities presented by this evolving landscape.
    Keywords: Russia and Ukraine conflict ; commodities ; G7 and BRIC markets ; TVP-VAR ; connectedness ; oil price uncertainty shocks ; international equity markets ; global vector autoregressive model ; arbitrage ; efficiency ; futures ; liquidity ; market integration ; platinum ; COVID-19 ; pandemic ; agriculture ; commodity ; MF-DFA ; high frequency ; asymmetric volatility spillover ; bitcoin ; altcoin ; cryptocurrency ; frequency connectedness ; Bitcoin ; machine learning ; random forest regression ; LSTM ; energy market volatility ; oil price dynamics ; fear index ; Markov-regime switching models ; volatility risk premium (VRP) ; implied and realized volatility ; oil and stock returns ; financialization ; Bermudan commodity options ; multi-layer perceptron ; multi-asset stochastic volatility model ; hybrid forecasting approaches ; two-step forecasting approaches ; gold ; euro ; sentiment analysis ; ARIMA ; wavelet transformation ; seasonal decomposition ; long short-term memory ; random forest ; eXtreme gradient boosting ; stock ; markets ; cycles ; investing ; risk ; returns ; thema EDItEUR::W Lifestyle, Hobbies and Leisure::WC Antiques, vintage and collectables::WCF Collecting coins, banknotes, medals and other related items
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  • 22
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-07-14
    Description: This is a reprint of the articles from the Special Issue entitled "10th Anniversary of Actuators", published in the open-access journal, Actuators. It consists of 18 representative works with four main topics: systematic reviews for specific types of actuators, performance evaluation, design and controls, and new actuators' applications. This reprint helps readers to understand the challenges and the trends of research and development in advancing the theories, methodologies, and design tools of actuators.
    Keywords: high-speed third-order sliding mode observer ; nonsingular fast terminal sliding mode control ; controller–observer strategy ; faster convergence ; fault-tolerant control ; fluid power ; hydraulics ; electrohydrostatic actuator ; EHA ; 3D printing ; additive manufacturing ; plastic ; step response ; efficiency ; heat generation ; electric machines ; torque ripple ; resonant control ; modulation and demodulation control ; mixed sensitivity loop shaping ; iterative learning control ; fuzzy control ; balance control ; movement control ; wheeled bipedal robot ; automated self-driving tractor ; agriculture ; robot ; multibody ; control systems ; continuum robot ; image servo tracking ; image jacobian ; autonomous manipulation ; CFRP ; filament winding ; weight reduction ; hydraulic drive ; composite ; actuators ; PAT ; start-up process ; gas–liquid two-phase ; radial force ; axial force ; railway ; virtual coupling ; optimal control ; model predictive control ; robust MPC ; cam-linkage mechanism ; parameter optimization ; reliability analysis ; kinematics ; transverse device ; plasma actuators ; dielectric barrier discharge ; deicing ; ice sensing ; flow control ; interior permanent magnet synchronous motor (IPMSM) ; maximum torque per ampere (MTPA) ; maximum torque per current (MTPC) ; dead beat control ; predictive control ; hardware-in-the-loop ; Acceleration Driven Damper ; response time ; dynamic range ; semi-active ; magnetorheological ; damper ; railway vehicle ; lateral vibration ; model-free control ; intelligent PID controllers ; iterative feedback tuning ; data-driven tuning ; pitch angle control ; aerodynamic system control ; gelatin ; actuator ; soft robotics ; biocompatible actuator ; hydrogels ; bellow pneumatic muscle ; soft actuator ; position control ; LQR control ; PID control ; feature extraction ; fault diagnosis ; convolution neural network ; deep neural networks ; inverter fault ; fault classification ; components ; condition monitoring ; flow rate sensor ; predictive maintenance ; soft sensor ; solenoid ; valve ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 23
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Developing sustainable organic agriculture and resilient agribusiness sector is fundamental, keeping in mind the value of the opportunity presented by the growing demand for healthy and safe food globally, with the expectation for the global population to reach 9.8 billion by 2050, and 11 billion by 2100.Lately, the main threats in Europe, and worldwide, are the increasingly dynamic climate change and economic factors related to currency fluctuations. While the current environmental policy provides several mechanisms to support agribusinesses in mitigating organic food for daily increasing human population and stability of the currency, it does not contemplate the relative readiness of individuals and businesses to act correctly.Organic farming is the practice that relies more on using sustainable methods to cultivate crops and produce food animals, avoiding chemicals and dietary synthetic drug inputs that do not belong to the natural ecosystem. Organic agriculture can also contribute to meaningful socioeconomic, ecologically sustainable development, and significantly in the development of the agribusiness sector, especially in developing countries.
    Keywords: Moringa oleifera ; Japanese quail ; fertility ; egg production ; livestock ; agriculture ; organic production ; land ; taxation ; tax incentives ; income ; revenue ; property ; medicinal plants ; sustainable ; poultry ; organic ; eggs ; fatty acids ; organic farming ; production structure ; production intensity ; Ukraine ; meat ; biotic ; natural ; economic efficiency ; costs ; willingness to pay ; honey ; local ; Serbia ; bank ; job satisfaction ; team ; rural ; urban ; the Republic of Serbia ; biomass ; crop residue ; crop production ; energy purposes ; sustainability ; apiculture investment ; research and development ; beekeepers ; geographical origin ; food ; label ; Apis mellifera ; Nosema spp. ; Protofil® ; biochemical analysis ; sustainable livestock production ; added value ; buffalo milk ; dairy products ; chemical composition ; nutritional properties ; kids ; Garganica ; Maltese ; Derivata di Siria ; meat quality ; biodiversity ; marketing in higher education ; marketing mix instruments in higher education ; higher education institutions ; students’ satisfaction ; Republic of Serbia ; Spain ; dyslipidemia ; sea buckthorn ; grape ; high-fat diet ; rats ; phytotherapy ; atorvastatin ; sustainable development ; sustainable tourism development ; rural tourism ; image of a rural tourism destination ; cognitive component ; dimensions of the cognitive component ; farm development ; farm machinery ; labor ; farm investment ; productivity ; sustainable public procurement (SPP) ; green public procurement (GPP) ; consumer behavior ; GPP barriers ; green Romanian agriculture ; consumption ; green marketing ; organic consumer ; cost-effectiveness ; flame weeding ; maize ; organic agricultural production ; plant protection product residues ; organic and conventional agriculture ; LC-MS/MS ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes
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  • 24
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-03-21
    Description: Integration of photovoltaics and electrification in agriculture. Works on the integration of photovoltaics in agriculture, as well as electrification and microgrids in agriculture. In addition, some works on sustainability in agriculture are added.
    Keywords: transpiration ; PV heat conversion ; plant heat stress ; agrivoltaic system ; sustainable integration ; thermal analysis ; sustainable agriculture ; nexus approach ; rural development ; solar micro-grid ; techno-economic impact ; agrivoltaics ; solar energy ; agriculture ; energy innovation ; technology adoption ; photovoltaics ; extraterrestrial solar irradiation ; global, beam and diffuse solar components ; ground-reflected solar radiation ; horizontal, tilted and oriented solar irradiation ; solar photovoltaics ; agricultural robots ; Agri 4.0 ; battery-based farm machinery ; mobile irrigation system ; smart water sprinklers ; smart pesticide sprayers ; multi-purpose farming robots ; agrophotovoltaic ; agrivoltaic ; dual-land use ; solar sharing ; solar photovoltaic energy ; water–food–energy nexus ; fuses coordination ; protection device ; distributed generation ; distribution network ; photovoltaic ; DIgSILENT ; Agri-PV ; shading ; crop performance ; yields ; product quality ; organic agriculture ; biodynamic agriculture ; land productivity ; localization ; link budget ; spreading factor ; range ; LoRa ; node sensitivity ; SNR ; sustainable greenhouse ; semi-transparent photovoltaic panels ; amorphous silicon ; building-integrated photovoltaics ; microgrid ; organic photovoltaics ; greenhouses ; tomato ; arid region ; food-energy nexus ; solar-powered irrigation ; benefit-cost ratio ; land equivalent ratio ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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  • 25
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-01-08
    Description: Agricultural practices, industrial manufacturing, and household consumption are just a few of the activities that contribute to the production of food waste biomass. Modern environmental theories, like the circular economy, are thought to be the impulse behind the implementation of zero-waste policies. The huge percentage of such residual biomass has significant potential to be used as a raw material to produce novel products and specialty feedstock through biorefining procedures, even though the high volume of waste originating from the food industry raises serious concerns regarding both economic and environmental aspects. Given that many plant parts that are rejected during fruit and vegetable processing (e.g., leaves, branches, peels, roots, stems, and seeds) carry a sizable load of phytochemicals, including polyphenols, the recovery of valuable secondary metabolites from waste plant tissues is an appealing prospect in this regard. This specific group of substances exhibits a wide range of chemical compositions with diverse biological characteristics and functions, including antioxidant and antibacterial activities as well as chemoprotective effects against cancer and other degenerative diseases.
    Keywords: oyster shell waste ; washing method ; sodium chloride ; impurities ; particle size ; anaerobic digestion ; agricultural inputs ; biochemical methane potential ; biodegradability ; lignocellulosic biomasses ; manures ; agriculture ; agricultural waste management ; allelopathic effect ; invasive species ; phytoremediation ; rice straw ; rice bran ; rice husk ; agricultural waste ; valorization ; circular economy ; biomass ; bioeconomy ; kinetics ; lignocellulosic biomass ; mechanical pretreatment ; methane potential ; twin-screw extrusion ; fruit and vegetable ; biowaste ; synergies ; matchmaking ; platform ; industrial symbiosis ; waste management ; sustainability ; green building ; recycle ; food waste ; lightweight concrete ; lime concrete ; fruit shells ; coarse aggregate replacement ; sugarcane bagasse ; pentose liquor ; dark fermentation ; biohydrogen ; organic acids ; biorefinery ; fungi ; laccase ; microcosm ; homogenisation ; hemicellulose ; cellulose ; fibre ; conventional limestone ; waste brown eggshells ; polylactic acid ; mechanical properties ; bio-composite ; Aspergillus niger ; ellagitannins ; phenolic compounds ; punica granatum ; saccharomyces cerevisiae ; solid-state fermentation ; limonene ; alpha-pinene ; biotransformation ; terpene ; flavouring agent ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PN Chemistry
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  • 26
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Thank you for reaching for this book. It is a summary of the research presented at the 6th International Conference on Renewable Energy Sources (ICORES19), which took place in Krynica, Poland, in June 2019. This event is the most recognizable scientific meeting connected to RES in Poland. From the very beginning, this conference has been a unique occasion for gathering Polish and international researchers’ perspectives on renewable energy sources and balancing them against governmental policy considerations. Accordingly, the conference has also offered panels to discuss best practices and solutions with local entrepreneurs and federal government bodies. The meeting attracts not only scientists but also industry representatives, as well as local and federal government personnel. We are open to new and fresh ideas concerning renewable energy, which is why so many scientists from Central and Eastern Europe visit Krynica to discuss the “Green Future” of this region. In 2019, the conference was organized by the University of Agriculture in Krakow, in cooperation with the AGH University of Science and Technology (Krakow), the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya, the University of Žilina, the International Commission of Agricultural and Biosystems Engineering (CIGR) and the Polish Society of Agricultural Engineering. Honorary auspices were made by the Ministry of Science and Higher Education of the Republic of Poland, the rector of the University of Agriculture in Krakow, the rector of the AGH University of Science and Technology and the rector of the State Agrarian and Engineering University in Podilya.
    Keywords: disc-mill ; efficiency ; carbon dioxide ; rice ; corn ; grinding ; refuse-derived fuel ; refuse-derived fuel (RDF) ; pellets ; durability ; density ; die ; design ; CFD ; combustion simulation ; stove ; thermal measurements ; cylindrical LED light coat ; tracking lighting ; photosynthetic microorganisms ; photobioreactor ; algae ; thermosiphon ; anti-gravity ; bubble pump ; solar collector ; passive heat transport ; exploitation of energy sources ; heating and ventilation systems ; pollutant emissions ; reduction of pollutant emissions ; single-family houses ; spent coffee grounds ; sawdust ; calorific value ; combustion ; laboratory-scale efficiency ; industrial-scale efficiency ; biomass conversion ; Biochemical Methane Potential Correction Coefficient ; loss prevention ; finite element modeling ; thermal imbalance of the ground source ; small-scale thermal energy storage ; FEFLOW ; ground source heat pump ; Borehole Heat Exchanger (BHE) ; decision support system ; briquettes production ; willow ; Miscanthus ; artificial neural network ; multilayer perceptron ; drying ; compaction ; biomass ; mechanical durability ; specific density ; Scots pine ; biogas ; renewable energy ; poultry slaughterhouse waste ; management ; pressure compaction ; moisture content ; solid density ; Cup plant ; Virginia mallow ; Giant miscanthus ; perennial biomass ; greenhouse gases ; agriculture ; slow release fertilizers ; Chinese cabbage ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-02-24
    Description: Sustainable development in the agriculture sector is crucial to achieve the 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) set by the United Nations (UN). There are lots of challenges to developing modern and intelligent agricultural techniques, tools, and systems, by which sustainable agriculture and food security can be satisfied. In addition, carbon-neutral development and clean energy utilization are also associated with the UN-SDGs. Such agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering studies are needed in the 21st century, particularly from the viewpoint of the agricultural water–energy–food security nexus. This book focuses on the recent proliferation and technological advancements in these engineering applications. This book aims to share recent updates on agricultural, biological, and environmental engineering, and the application of these engineering techniques in the agriculture sector. It presents such engineering technologies and applications in seven categories that include energy system applications in agriculture (three studies); irrigation and drainage (four studies); biomass, biogas, and biochar (three studies); farm mechanization and soil science (three studies); remote sensing and geographical studies (two studies); wastewater and biological studies (two studies); and case studies and societal aspects in agriculture (five studies). The editors believe that this book will be useful for agricultural scientists, researchers, and students.
    Keywords: air heat pump ; carbon dioxide ; formaldehyde ; electricity consumption ; ultra-fine dust ; municipal waste ; biological fertilizer ; phytopathogens ; sustainable agriculture ; organic waste treatment ; optical remote sensing ; microwave remote sensing ; phenology-based method ; forest conservation ; forest management ; rural residents ; economic incentives ; Pakistan ; less-favoured areas ; agricultural policy ; farm profitability ; traction ; soil ; sinkage ; single-track shoe ; penetration ; cohesion ; adhesion ; ANOVA ; Brassica chinensis ; coefficient of variation ; double-row ; metering device ; pneumatic ; greenhouse ; computational fluid dynamics ; airflow ; temperature ; humidity ; horticulture ; Zagazig ; Egypt ; willingness to accept ; gross margin ; mixed cropping ; ordered logistic regression ; bioresources ; circular bioeconomy ; economic analysis ; Nitrification inhibitor ; smog ; Wheat straw ; poultry farms ; air-conditioning ; evaporative cooling systems ; temperature-humidity index ; temperature-humidity-velocity index ; soil erosion ; sediment yield ; RUSLE ; sediment transport modeling ; Gomal River ; arid regions ; surface drain system ; design ; drainage effluent ; GF-6 ; maize ; straw ; support vector machine ; random forest ; red-edge wavelength ; biomass ; furnace ; efficiency ; economics ; carbon nanotubes ; surface modification ; heavy metals ; adsorption ; water and wastewater treatment ; renewable energy ; biogas production ; livestock manure ; anaerobic digestion ; COVID-19 ; Iran ; food security ; economic crisis ; agriculture ; food supply chain ; agricultural economy ; drip irrigation system ; net revenue ; small landholders ; sustainable irrigation ; agroforestry ; allometric equations ; carbon stock ; organic carbon ; potassium ; zinc ; physiological attributes ; climate change ; environment ; human health ; resources ; wastewater ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-05-06
    Description: This book deals with sustainable agriculture at a time of climate change. It seeks to identify a number of solutions to deal with the agricultural stresses caused by climate change. These range from the identification and cultivation of appropriate crop varieties and the adoption of climate adaptive agricultural practices. Significant sustainable agricultural innovation is required to deal with these challenges. Intellectual property rights (IPRs) may be of crucial importance for modern agriculture. They serve to make R&D in agriculture attractive, by encouraging investment in new technologies and generating tradeable assets. A number of the chapters of this book refer to the principal IPRs relevant to agricultural innovation, namely: (i) patents, which protect inventions; (ii) plant variety rights, which protect the breeding of new and distinct plant varieties; and (iii) trademarks and geographical indications, which facilitate the marketing of products by providing protection for the symbols of their manufacturing or geographic origin. The United Nations Climate Change Panel has urged the consideration of the agricultural practices of traditional communities and some of these practices particularly involving rice, banana, and brassica cultivation are explored in the book. This book is essential reading for officials of governments and international organizations concerned with sustainability, as well as scholars and students concerned with these subjects
    Keywords: alternative energy source ; Ethiopian mustard ; sustainability ; agricultural green development ; entropy weight method ; spatial heterogeneity ; spatial spillover effect ; China ; rice yields ; climate change ; phenology ; relative contribution ; partial correlation ; seed security ; banana tissue culture planting material ; uptake ; banana farmers ; central Uganda ; traditional rice economics ; institutional ; socio-demographic factors ; multinomial logit model ; constraints ; China-Africa cooperation ; agricultural program ; agricultural training ; technology adoption ; dams ; agriculture ; livelihoods ; health ; schistosomiasis ; restoration ; sustainable development ; climate adaptation ; rice–wheat cropping system ; South Asia ; water requirements ; nitrogen ; direct seeding ; agricultural science, technology and innovation ; Innovation efficiency ; DEA ; G20 ; productivity ; efficiency ; food security ; digital agriculture ; smart farming ; digitalization ; digital technologies ; Middle East and North Africa ; decision making ; instrumental variable ; neighbourhood effects ; rice farmers ; risk attitudes ; spatial dependence ; agricultural innovation ; sustainable agriculture ; plant breeding ; cereals ; intellectual property ; agricultural law ; plant variety rights ; seed marketing ; European Union ; fertilizer ; knowledge ; attitude ; ease of use ; motivation ; work performance ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: Voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) and other private governance instruments (e.g., Fair Trade, Forest Stewardship Council, Fair Wear Foundation, GLOBALGAP) are increasingly regulating global production processes and economic activities. VSS verify the compliance of products or production processes with sustainability standards. The importance of voluntary sustainability standards is now widely recognized. After being operational for more than two decades, they have established themselves as private governance instruments. This recognition is also exemplified by their integration in public regulatory approaches. Governments and international organizations are partnering with voluntary sustainability standards to pursue sustainable development policies. We witness the integration of VSS in the regulatory approaches of local and national governments in countries around the world, the integration of VSS in trade policies, the emergence of public–private initiatives to govern global supply chains, and the inclusion of private initiatives in experimentalist governance regimes. This Special Issue seeks to bring together research on the interface between private and public governance. We welcome contributions which analyze specific case studies on the emergence and development of these private–public interactions, the design of public–private governance, the effectiveness of these governance arrangements, and critical perspectives on the possibilities and limitations of such public–private forms of governance. We welcome multi-disciplinary perspectives including contributions from economics, political science, law, sociology, geography, and anthropology. Papers selected for this Special Issue are subject to a peer review procedure with the aim of rapid and wide dissemination of research results, developments, and applications.
    Keywords: JA1-92 ; n/a ; flood disaster ; PPPs ; information system success model ; bibliometric analysis ; public–private partnerships ; project performance ; disaster notification system ; sovereignty ; trade policy ; voluntary sustainability standards (VSS) ; public-private governance ; trade unions ; signalling theory ; sustainability ; cocoa ; voluntary sustainability standards ; sustainable development ; standards ; public–private interactions ; power resources ; information asymmetry ; VSS ; public-private partnership ; multiple criteria decision making (MCDM) ; drivers ; user interests ; PPP projects ; private governance ; participation ; mountains ; public–private partnership ; value chain ; corporate social responsibility ; sustainability standards ; networks ; hotspots ; Costa Rica ; agriculture ; PPP ; Sweden ; policy changes ; China ; public-private partnership (PPP) ; sustainable behaviors ; multi-stakeholder initiatives ; process ; biodiversity ; relational norms ; implementation ; pineapple ; European Union ; collaboration ; infrastructure ; ISO 26000 ; natural resource management ; governance ; palm oil ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTJ Peace studies & conflict resolution
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Humidity detection has deep significance for the scientific research surrounding medical care and human performance, and the industrial development of agriculture, geography and automated instruments. This special issue aims to showcase some of the advancements in humidity sensor design and calibration, and its applications. The selected papers cover a variety of humidity sensor-related topics including material science, chemistry and industrial engineering. Through dedicated contributions from peer reviewers and the editorial team, this book aims to offers reader some insight into the field of humidity sensor development and use.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; emissivity ; transient response ; Trace moisture ; user interaction ; IDE ; SHT75 ; random shocks ; humidity sensor ; calibration points ; measurement uncertainty ; humidity ; porous materials ; building materials ; Monte Carlo method ; relative humidity ; capacitive sensors ; reliability model ; microwave resonator ; remote sensing ; body-seat interface ; low pressure ; moisture ; low temperature ; bio fuel ; three-dimensional graphene foams ; moisture measurement ; dual temperature-humidity sensor ; humidity sensors ; FD ; consumer grade weather stations ; CO2 ; fast response ; frequency domain ; dependent competing failure ; dielectric constant ; time domain reflectometry ; agriculture ; saturated salt solutions ; winter fire risk ; Mars in-situ measurements ; experimental simulation chambers ; paper mill ; capacitive ; sitting rate ; infrared radiant source ; calibration ; capacitive humidity sensors ; self-recovery ; carbon dioxide ; TDR ; ball SAW sensor ; Martian atmosphere ; surface acoustic wave ; permeation tube ; thermal impact ; SIDE ; surface soil water content ; PI ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book brings together eleven works by scholars within and beyond geography, to argue the case for a continued engagement with smallholder agricultural studies. The research detailed is largely empirical and draws on a wide spectrum of mixed qualitative and quantitative methodologies. The case studies cover a range of geographic locations, including Brazil, Burkina Faso, South Africa, Botswana, Malawi, Madagascar, Vietnam, and the USA, with greatest emphasis in sub-Saharan Africa. Key themes that emerge include the structural and relative nature of "smallholder" as a category, the dynamic reality of smallholder livelihoods, the importance of smallholder farming and land-use practices to questions of environmental sustainability, and the challenges of vulnerability and adaptation in contemporary human–environment systems. Overall these studies show that smallholder studies are more pertinent than ever, especially in the face of finite resources and global environmental change.
    Keywords: HF1-6182 ; S1-972 ; agroecology ; adaptation ; land tenure ; households ; forests ; sustainability ; vulnerability and resilience ; agriculture ; smallholders ; land management practices ; production chains ; livelihoods ; diversification ; poverty ; climate change ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KF Finance & accounting::KFF Finance::KFFK Banking
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Nanoplasmonics is an area that uses light to couple electrons in metals, and can break the diffraction limit for light confinement into subwavelength zones, allowing for strong field enhancements. In the last two decades, there has been a resurgence of this research topic and its applications. Thus, this Special Issue presents a collection of articles and reviews by international researchers and is devoted to the recent advances in and insights into this research topic, including plasmonic devices, plasmonic biosensing, plasmonic photocatalysis, plasmonic photovoltaics, surface-enhanced Raman scattering, and surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy.
    Keywords: plasmonics ; localized surface plasmon resonance ; high pressure ; sensing ; SERS ; two-dimensional material ; titanium carbide MXene ; near-field enhancement ; plasmonic material ; optical properties of ultra-thin dielectric films ; surface plasmon spectroscopy ; spectroscopic ellipsometry ; SHINERS ; core–shell nanoparticles ; catalysis ; electrochemistry ; nanowires ; back reflector ; solar cells ; plasmonic ; III-V semiconductor ; surface plasmon resonance ; photonic crystal D-shaped fiber ; refractive index sensor ; dispersion sensor ; second-order dispersion sensor ; waveguide ; SPPs ; FDTD ; bandstop filter ; CMT ; nanocrystalline cellulose ; optical characterization ; copper ion ; poly(3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene) ; structural properties ; optical properties ; Surface Enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS) ; fabrication ; application ; agriculture ; food safety ; gold ; nanoparticles ; thiophenol ; silicon ; nonlinear optics ; sum-frequency generation ; UV-vis spectroscopy ; atomic force microscopy ; CLIO free electron laser ; inverse problem ; copper ; copper oxide ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-01-05
    Description: The use of biomass and organic waste material as a primary resource for the production of fuels, chemicals, and electric power is of growing significance in light of the environmental issues associated with the use of fossil fuels. For this reason, it is vital that new and more efficient technologies for the conversion of biomass are investigated and developed. Today, various advanced methods can be used for the conversion of biomass. These methods are broadly classified into thermochemical conversion, biochemical conversion, and electrochemical conversion. This book collects papers that consider various aspects of sustainability in the conversion of biomass into valuable products, covering all the technical stages from biomass production to residue management. In particular, it focuses on experimental and simulation studies aiming to investigate new processes and technologies on the industrial, pilot, and bench scales.
    Keywords: biomass pellet ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; chemometrics ; quality indexes ; biogas ; circular economy ; bioeconomy ; wastes ; energy ; R.E.S ; biomass ; anaerobic ; digestion ; agriculture ; livestock ; Greece ; biorefinery ; absorbent hygiene product ; waste ; gasification ; devolatilization ; pyrolysis ; fluidized bed ; diapers ; cellulosic fraction ; chemical looping ; autothermal ; pilot plant ; Açaí ; residual seeds ; bio-oil ; distillation ; gasoline ; light kerosene ; kerosene-like fuel ; torrefaction ; agricultural by-products ; mixing ratios ; solid fuel ; pellet evaluation ; Açaí seeds ; hydrothermal carbonization ; hot compressed water ; process analysis ; HMF ; furfural ; acetic acid ; mass production ; corn stover ; hydrothermal process ; hydrochar ; adsorption ; thermo-gravimetric analysis ; scanning electron microscopy ; X-ray diffraction ; BET analysis ; disposable masks ; devolatilization tests ; Aspen Plus ®simulation ; tar analysis ; ultrasonic ; components fractionation ; lignocellulose ; ethanol treatment ; biomass gasification ; dual bubbling bed gasifier ; innovative pilot scale gasifier ; H2-rich syngas ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The World Health Organization recognizes that injuries are the leading cause of death and disability to children after their first birthday. There is also high morbidity associated with injuries sustained in childhood, often affecting people for the rest of their lives. For every child who dies from injury, there are several thousand who require medical care, many who live with varying degrees of disability. Children and adolescents (0–19 years of age) are at increased risk of mortality and morbidity due to injuries such as road traffic, burns, falls, poisoning, drowning, self-harm and interpersonal violence. There are proven ways to prevent many child injuries, yet there are still gaps in our knowledge. By understanding the impact of determinants of health (i.e., the social and economic environment, the physical environment and a person’s individual characteristics and behaviors), effective prevention interventions can be designed and implemented, with a high return on investment. This Special Issue covers an eclectic range of studies, the common goal of which is to reduce the global burden of child injury-related mortality and morbidity.
    Keywords: social determinants ; children ; child-play ; mobile phone ; injury ; supervision ; drowning ; child health ; low-and middle-income country ; India ; preventative medicine ; implementation science ; qualitative research ; musculoskeletal injury ; sports ; exercise ; risk factors ; protective factors ; injury prevention ; water safety ; adolescent ; life jacket ; swimming lessons ; swimming ability ; risk behaviors ; FMSTM ; pubescence ; maturation ; fundamental movement patterns ; functional movement ; gender difference ; self-injurious behavior ; institutionalized child ; oral manifestations ; work ; agriculture ; farm ; transport ; occupational injury ; child ; risk factor ; rurality ; socio-economic ; determinants of health ; road traffic injury ; falls ; poisoning ; violence ; self-harm ; prevention ; intervention ; epidemiology ; force–angle relationship ; isokinetic muscle strength ; muscle–tendon unit ; maximal voluntary contraction ; growth spurt ; water ; safety ; mortality ; policy ; stakeholder ; Global Burden of Disease ; multisector ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
    Language: English
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Irving Langmuir coined the name “plasma” to describe an ionized gas back in 1927. Just over 90 years later, plasma technology is becoming increasingly important in our daily life. For example, in the medical field and dentistry, plasma is used as a method of disinfection and sterilization. Moreover, additional potential novel applications of this technology in different forms of therapy have been proposed. In the agricultural sector, plasma technology could contribute to higher crop yields by enhancing seed germination and the growth of plants, as well as the preservation of foods by disinfection. Plasma technology could also be utilized in environmental applications, including water treatment and remediation, as well as treatment of exhaust gases. Although recent extensive studies have uncovered the broad potential of plasma technology, its mechanisms of action remain unclear. Therefore, further studies aimed at elucidating the molecular mechanisms of plasma technology are required. This book is composed of original articles and reviews investigating the molecular mechanisms of plasma biology. Relevant areas of study include applications in plasma medicine, plasma agriculture, as well as plasma chemistry. Studies on potential therapeutic approaches using plasma itself and plasma-treated solutions are also included.
    Keywords: cold jet atmospheric pressure plasma ; reactive oxygen and nitrogen species ; backbone cleavage ; hydroxylation ; carbonyl formation ; cold atmospheric plasma ; autophagy ; silymarin nanoemulsion ; PI3K/mTOR pathway ; wound healing ; oncology ; regenerative medicine ; plasma ; atmospheric pressure plasma jets ; large-scale imaging ; machine learning ; cancer treatment ; cellular imaging ; reactive oxygen species ; mesoporous silica nanoparticles ; biomaterials ; bone regeneration ; cytotoxicity ; proliferation ; osteogenic differentiation ; plasma-activated medium ; TRAIL ; DR5 ; apoptosis ; ROS/RNS ; atmospheric-pressure plasma ; titanium ; amine ; mesenchymal stem cells ; antibiotic resistant bacteria ; antibiotic resistance gene ; disinfection ; E. coli ; inactivation ; sterilization ; cell migration ; endothelial cells VEGF ; gynaecological oncology ; vulva cancer ; risk factors ; plasma tissue interaction ; premalignant lesions ; cancer development ; patient stratification ; individualised profiling ; predictive preventive personalised medicine (PPPM/3PM) ; treatment ; Candida albicans ; cold plasma treatment ; genome ; hydrolytic enzyme activity ; carbon assimilation ; drug susceptibility ; malignant melanoma ; acidification ; nitrite ; acidified nitrite ; nitration ; membrane damage ; CAP ; cancer ; cold atmospheric pressure plasma ; hydrogen peroxide ; hypochlorous acid ; moDCs ; peroxynitrite ; RNS ; ROS ; non-thermal plasma ; biological activity ; breast cancer ; solution plasma process ; aqueous solutions ; chitin ; chitosan ; degradation ; deacetylation ; non-thermal atmospheric pressure plasma ; Pectobacteriaceae ; Dickeya spp. ; Pectobacterium spp. ; antibacterial ; plant protection ; agriculture ; selective cancer treatment ; reaction network ; mathematical modeling ; n/a ; Mdm2–p53 ; plasma treatment ; molecular dynamic (MD) simulations ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: Providing the security of a broad-based energy and slowing the speed of climate change are the main challenges today of the basic of legal framework to stimulate the development of alternative energy sources. Energy from renewable sources is one part of the system, which not only enables to provide energy self-sufficiency, but also contributes to the reduction heating of the Earth’s atmosphere. International climate agreements indicate the need to intensify the prevention of global warming and accelerate the reduction in CO2 emissions. The implementation of such challenging plans as outlined in the European Green Deal or "Fit for 55," among others, entails the almost complete elimination of GHG emissions in the energy sector, which can be very challenging for some member states. In the EU, the preferred direction of development of RES use is distributed generation and increasing the share of the use of by-products and organic waste for the production biofuels. This creates great opportunities for rural areas, which until the last century were identified with agriculture and the production of food or raw materials. While the role of agriculture will not diminish, as incomes are rising in relatively poor countries with a high elasticity of demand for food, these areas will increasingly perform a number of other important functions as well. The production of energy raw materials and energy, which is no longer a mere idea, but is becoming, thanks to the development of new technologies, a mainstream energy sector that can make contribution to improving energy security and achieving climate neutrality.
    Keywords: agricultural biogas ; bioenergy ; biomethane ; GHG emission ; economic performance ; regional analysis ; Ukraine ; biogas plant ; energetic optimization ; substrates ; manure ; wheat straw ; rural areas ; energy efficiency ; photovoltaic systems ; energy security ; support mechanisms ; public policy ; energy policy ; prosumer energy ; single-family houses ; food prices ; crude oil prices ; cointegration ; vector autoregressive model ; Granger causality ; green agriculture ; agri-environmental indicators ; green performance index ; taxonomic methods ; zero unitarization method ; comparative analysis ; local investments ; renewable energy sources ; municipal economy ; EU funds ; Poland ; biogas ; biomass ; data envelopment analysis (DEA) ; efficiency ranking ; renewable energy ; regional potential ; EROI ; edible energy ; food production ; direct energy use ; energy consumption ; agriculture ; development strategies ; EU countries ; cost of capital ; WACC ; European energy sector ; intra-industry analysis ; external cost ; opencast lignite ; plant production ; depression funnel ; cereals ; sugar beet ; potatoes ; distributed generation ; settlement systems ; local development ; sustainable development ; energy ; the SDG 7 ; sectoral structure of production ; European Union ; animal production ; investment attractiveness of regions ; economic entities ; sustainability ; energy innovation ; energy patents ; convergence ; club convergence ; R&D expenditure ; HRST ; environmental policy stringency ; local authorities ; European Union funds ; sustainable energy ; energy poverty ; Polish households ; photovoltaic installations ; solar installations ; farmers’ households ; agricultural holding ; agricultural production ; investments in renewable energy sources ; solid biomass ; bioenergy potential ; rural communities ; forest residues ; agricultural residues ; straw ; energy crops ; GHG ; farms ; FADN ; autonomous energy regions ; PV systems ; renewable energy resources ; economic value ; consumer behaviour ; consumer innovativeness ; renewable energy production ; agricultural land ; profit maximization ; social welfare ; greenhouse gas emissions ; landscape ; biodiversity ; climate policy ; GHGs emissions ; PCA ; IPCC ; CSA ; biofuels ; biodiesel ; legal sources on renewable energy ; oilseeds and rape ; profitability of production ; crop rotation ; beekeeping ; short rotation coppice of willow/poplar ; marginal land use ; agricultural law ; agricultural policy ; economic profitability ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In a worldwide context of ever-growing competition for water and land, climate change, droughts and man-made water scarcity, and less-participatory water governance, agriculture faces the great challenge of producing enough food for a continually increasing population. In this line, this book provides a broad overview of innovation issues in the complex water–agriculture–food nexus, thus also relative to their interconnections and dependences. Issues refer to different spatial scales, from the field or the farm to the irrigation system or the river basin. Multidisciplinary approaches are used when analyzing the relationships between water, agriculture, and food security. The covered issues are quite diverse and include: innovation in crop evapotranspiration, crop coefficients and modeling; updates in research relative to crop water use and saving; irrigation scheduling and systems design; simulation models to support water and agricultural decisions; issues to cope with water scarcity and climate change; advances in water resource quality and sustainable uses; new tools for mapping and use of remote sensing information; and fostering a participative and inclusive governance of water for food security and population welfare. This book brings together a variety of contributions by leading international experts, professionals, and scholars in those diverse fields. It represents a major synthesis and state-of-the-art on various subjects, thus providing a valuable and updated resource for all researchers, professionals, policymakers, and post-graduate students interested in the complex world of the water–agriculture–food nexus.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; GE1-350 ; Q1-390 ; S1-972 ; hysteresis loops ; irrigation systems design ; fuzzy cognitive maps ; Standardized Precipitation Index (SPI) ; olive orchard ; Kcb from ground cover ; crop growth ; surface water pollution ; crop water use and evapotranspiration ; measures ; water–energy–food nexus ; water-agriculture-food nexus ; drought classes ; soil temperature ; pressures ; crop water requirements ; Standardized Precipitation and Evapotranspiration Index (SPEI) ; validation ; latent heat flux ; log-linear modeling ; impact ; Row crops ; dried on the vine ; reform ; Tagus River Basin ; precise land levelling ; regulated deficit irrigation ; Transfer ; relative pressure exceedance ; irrigation district ; evaporation ; Irrigation ; perturbation ; aridity effects ; economic and environmental issues ; water users’ organization ; pressurized irrigation systems ; decision support systems (DSS) ; Pampa biome ; crop yield ; reference evapotranspiration ; DPSIR ; SIMDualKc model ; semi-arid region ; wheat ; calibration ; design of irrigation systems ; Density coefficient ; simulation models ; biomass ; crop transpiration ; groundwater ; direct forcing ; Spain ; satellite observations ; maize yield ; water and salt balance ; soil water balance ; spatial variability ; persistence ; supply–demand balance model ; sustained deficit irrigation ; leaf area index ; evapotranspiration ; eddy covariance ; dry drainage system ; droughts ; Participatory Irrigation Management ; Black soil ; surface irrigation modelling ; drip and basin irrigation ; remote sensing ; crop coefficient curves ; irrigation scheduling ; unsteady flow ; root growth ; North Atlantic Oscillation (NAO) ; Sensitive Zones ; soil evaporation ; actual evapotranspiration ; agricultural intensification ; organizational analysis ; policies ; water and land management ; agriculture ; hydrant risk indicator ; evaporative fraction ; local advection ; Fiesta grapes ; Evapotranspiration ; Dual crop coefficients ; Vulnerable Zones ; salinity ; cut-off time ; soil moisture ; irrigation water governance ; nitrogen ; Andalusia ; Corn ; basal crop coefficients ; water balance ; participatory management ; beneficial water use ; soil nutrient ; water users association ; deficit irrigation ; stakeholder engagement ; new technologies ; smartphone application ; drip irrigation ; Lycopersicon esculentum Mill. ; inflow rates ; policy-making ; soil water storage depletion ; on-demand operation ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-11-17
    Description: In our globalized world, the need to produce quality and safe food has increased exponentially in recent decades to meet the growing demands of the world population. This expectation is being met by acting at multiple levels, but mainly through the introduction of new technologies in the agricultural and agri-food sectors. In this context, agricultural, livestock, agro-industrial buildings, and agrarian infrastructure are being built on the basis of a sophisticated design that integrates environmental, landscape, and occupational safety, new construction materials, new facilities, and mechanization with state-of-the-art automatic systems, using calculation models and computer programs. It is necessary to promote research and dissemination of results in the field of mechanization and agricultural structures, specifically with regard to farm building and rural landscape, land and water use and environment, power and machinery, information systems and precision farming, processing and post-harvest technology and logistics, energy and non-food production technology, systems engineering and management, and fruit and vegetable cultivation systems. This Special Issue focuses on the role that mechanization and agricultural structures play in the production of high-quality food and continuously over time. For this reason, it publishes highly interdisciplinary quality studies from disparate research fields including agriculture, engineering design, calculation and modeling, landscaping, environmentalism, and even ergonomics and occupational risk prevention.
    Keywords: dried longan ; lifting mechanism ; silicone soft plate ; rice threshing ; rice combine ; longitudinal axial flow thresher ; Taguchi method ; famous tea ; end effector ; deviation tolerance ; orthogonal experiment ; evaluation method ; screw fertilizer distributor ; blocking wheel ; discrete element method (DEM) ; fertilizing performance ; fertilization uniformity ; film mulching ; mini shovel ; telescopic pipe ; discrete element modelling ; hill-drop sowing ; agricultural machinery ; agricultural materials ; model ; interaction ; energy indicators ; GHG emissions ; organic farming ; sugar beet ; non-chemical weed control ; robots ; potato planter ; seed metering device ; mechanization ; research progress ; rice ; fertilization ; weeding ; precision agriculture ; greenhouse ; hand-held sprayer ; plant protection products ; crop protection ; straw ; baler ; transport ; economy ; mechanisation ; subsoiling machine ; subsoiling shovel design ; anti-drag ; tillage depth detection ; tillage depth control ; tillage depth stability ; soil mechanical interaction ; heating cost ; thermal efficiency ; uncertainty ; soil covering device ; design ; experiment ; semi-buried lotus root ; pull-out force ; hydraulic scouring ; soil adhesion ; inclined inserted grafting ; mechanical damage ; flexible holding ; optimal design ; threshing and separating device ; cleaning system ; threshed mixture ; Matlab ; straw returning ; coupling bionic ; cutting energy consumption ; crushing length qualification rate ; maize straw ; frozen corn ; freeze adhesion ; corn combine harvester ; cleaning performance ; parameter optimization ; grouser shoe ; structure parameters ; optimization ; black soil ; RSM ; breeding plots ; corn ; low-damage harvesting ; optimization design ; field experiment ; Capsicum annuum L. ; hot pepper harvester ; machinery harvest efficiency ; planting distance ; dynamic load spectrum ; power take-off ; tractor PTO loading test bench ; Fuzzy-PID controller ; no-tillage drill ; straw back-throwing device ; quantum behaved particle swarm optimization (QPSO) ; multi-objective optimization ; verification test ; octopus tentacles ; bionic flexible gripper ; pneumatic drive ; agriculture ; precision farming ; site-specific seeding ; prescription maps ; apparent electrical conductivity ; proximal sensing ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Many people live in rural areas in tropical regions. Rural development is not merely a contribution to the growth of individual countries. It can be a way to reduce poverty and to increase access to water, health care, and education. Sustainable rural development can also help stop deforestation and reduce livestock, which generate most of the greenhouse gas emissions. However, efforts to achieve a sustainable rural development are often thwarted by floods, drought, heat waves, and hurricanes, which local communities are not very prepared to tackle. Agricultural practices and local planning are still not very risk-informed. These deficiencies are particularly acute in tropical regions, where many Least Developed Countries are located and where there is, however, great potential for rural development. This Special Issue contains 22 studies on best practices for risk awareness; on local risk reduction; on several cases of soil depletion, water pollution, and sustainable access to safe water; and on agronomy, earth sciences, ecology, economy, environmental engineering, geomatics, materials science, and spatial and regional planning in 12 tropical countries.
    Keywords: climate change ; contingency plan ; flood risk ; local development plan ; risk management ; sustainable rural development ; agricultural drought ; heavy rains ; hydrological drought ; meteorological drought ; risk assessment ; Sahel ; early warning ; hydrology ; local communities ; Niger river basin ; rural development ; disaster risk reduction ; official development assistance ; public participation ; risk tracking ; Sendai framework ; sustainable development ; dataset validation ; precipitation ; Kenya ; local climate ; ASALs ; Quantile Mapping ; climate services ; local drought risk reduction ; smallholder farmers ; agrometeorological forecast ; Niger ; natural resources ; Mauritania ; resource management ; regional planning ; participatory approach ; EO data ; water resources ; sustainable management ; local development ; water for food security ; building consolidation ; extreme precipitations ; flood exposure ; satellite remote sensing ; settlement dynamics ; vulnerability ; agriculture ; Nitrate runoff ; real-time monitoring ; water quality ; rural area ; scant data ; nitrate contamination ; water ; flood ; Sinai Peninsula ; flash flood ; CORDEX ; water harvesting ; indigenous farmers ; multinational corporations ; systems thinking ; Nigeria ; sub-Saharan Africa ; drought ; rainfall regime ; soil biogeochemistry ; natural disasters ; flooding ; flood vulnerability ; inequality ; risk premium ; expected annual damages ; certainty equivalent annual damages ; equity weight expected annual damages ; equity weight certainty equivalent annual damage ; soil erosion ; Great Rift Valley Lakes ; ASAL ; desertification ; groundwater resources ; fluoride ; main Ethiopian Rift Valley ; developing countries ; welfare ; panel probit model ; adoption ; propensity score matching ; water crisis in Africa ; water collection and retention systems ; sand dam ; migration ; risk communication ; volcanic hazards ; social risk perception ; resilience ; demonstrator ; scenario ; multi-risk analysis ; climate-smart agriculture ; socio-ecological systems ; extension ; Belize ; milpa ; food security ; sustainability ; photovoltaic energy ; desalination system ; SIDS ; CO2 emissions ; LCOW ; LEOW ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Due to increasing concern about the use of pesticides and its potential side effects, this book considers the development and application of alternative, environmental-friendly, plant protection methods for the control of weeds, disease, and pests (predators, parasitoids, competitors, plant-plant interactions, microelements, biopesticides). Some of the main advantages of the measures presented in papers are the absence of toxicity to humans and vertebrates, beneficial organisms, and the environment, as well as the absence of pest resistance. In order to provide sustainable and eco-friendly food production, those are important subjects, both in conventional, organic and integrated agricultural farming. Through reviews and original research articles, this reprint covers all aspects of alternative measures in plant protection.
    Keywords: biopesticides ; agriculture ; food supply ; microorganisms ; antifungal ; Botryosphaeriaceae ; chitosan ; GTDs ; madder ; stevioside ; Vitis vinifera ; biocontrol ; Heterorhabditis ; pest and pathogen management ; Photorhabdus ; marketing ; fungi ; Fusarium ; selenium ; micronutrient ; inhibition ; bioactivity ; biologically active compounds ; fungistatic effects ; quercetin ; red alga ; rosmarinic acid ; basal stem rot (BSR) ; phenolic compounds ; lignin ; cellulose ; hemicellulose ; silica body ; crystalline cellulose ; biodegradation ; nematode management ; biological control ; mechanisms ; host plant resistance ; synthetic nematicide ; botanicals ; optimizing strategies ; allelopathy ; oxidative stress ; maize ; soybean ; sunflower ; entomopathogenic fungi ; Tenebrio molitor ; virulence ; pathogenicity ; growth stimulation ; plant–microbe–pest interactions ; rhizosphere competence ; gallic acid ; catechin ; epicatechin ; fungal diseases ; grape berry ; hybrids ; Penicillium ; Botrytis ; Colletotrichum ; Alternaria ; Monilinia ; post-harvest diseases ; Tetranychus urticae ; Euseius stipulatus ; Typhlodromus sp. ; Phytoseiulus persimilis ; citrus orchard ; monitoring ; predators ; pest ; treatments ; aphid ; conservation biocontrol ; parasitoid ; Aphidius colemani ; floral resource plant ; field margin ; Erysiphe alphitoides ; the shoot-biomass amount ; Compu Eye, Leaf & Symptom Area ; antifungal endophytes ; secondary metabolites ; volatile compounds ; anti-oomycete ; Phytophthora infestans ; sporangia germination ; Solanum lycopersicum ; integrated disease management ; plant extracts ; defense inducers ; incidence ; AUDPC ; germination ; biopesticide ; plant–nematode interactions ; nematode effectors and control ; plant resistance ; amino acids ; biostimulant ; glutathione ; herbicide ; safener ; organic waste ; formulation ; improvement ; antifungal activity ; marine ; saline ; wetland ; post-harvest ; antifungal effect ; chloroxylenol ; phenic ; phenol ; Sclerotium rolfsii ; tomato plants ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Over the last twenty years, the use of cellulosic and lignocellulosic agricultural by-products for composite applications has been of great interest, especially for reinforcing matrices. Fibers of renewable origin have many advantages. They are abundant and cheap, have a reduced impact on the environment, and are independent from fossil resources. Their ability to mechanically reinforce thermoplastic matrices is well known, as is their natural heat insulation ability. The matrices can themselves be of renewable origin (e.g., proteins, thermoplastic starch, poly(lactic acid), polyhydroxyalkanoates, etc.), thus contributing to the development of 100% bio-based composites with a controlled end of life.This Special Issue, “Natural Fiber Based Composites”, provides an inventory of the latest research in the area of composites reinforced with natural and wood fibers, focusing particularly on the preparation and molding processes of such materials (e.g., extrusion, injection molding, hot pressing, 3D printing, etc.) and their characterizations. It contains one review and ten research reports authored by researchers from three continents and eleven countries, namely China, Egypt, France, Germany, Italy, Malaysia, Poland, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Tunisia, and Yemen.
    Keywords: graphene oxide ; composite materials ; lanthanum ; adsorption ; polyvinyl alcohol ; bagasse fibre ; foamed composites ; cushion packaging material ; polyamide ; pomegranate peel ; natural dye ; mordant ; fastness ; antibacterial ; bamboo ; kenaf ; MMT ; natural fiber ; polymer composites ; quality ; electrospinning ; 3D printing ; PJM ; FFF ; bio-materials ; filtering ; biopolymers ; municipal bio-waste ; spinach ; agriculture ; nitrates ; nanomaterials ; nanowires ; hydroxyapatite ; wound healing ; angiogenesis ; gel material ; wood material ; 3D printer ; design and analysis ; cotton fabric ; aniline Schiff base ; 2,4-dihyroxybenzaldehyde ; p-phenylenediamine ; antimicrobial activity ; UV protection properties ; Neosinocalamus affinis ; cellulose ; nanocellulose ; bio-enzymes ; particle size ; Natural Fiber Composite ; flax ; polypropylene ; nonwoven ; HS-SPME-GC-MS method ; VOCs ; odors ; intensity ; thermocouple ; in situ monitoring ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: A major challenge for the future is combining both the profitability and sustainability of agriculture. The European H2020 project SoilCare aims to identify, test, and evaluate soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) which contribute to the implementation of agricultural solutions across Europe (See: https://soilcare-project.eu/en/ for the project website). The project includes 16 study sites distributed across Europe. Each study site implemented short-term experiments during the duration of the project, and most also ran long-term experiments comparing soil quality as a function of different treatments, such as soil amendments, tillage, cover crops, nutrients, and organic matter inputs. In addition, eight work-packages assess different aspects encompassing reviewing the soil-improving cropping systems, the participatory analysis of implementation and selection, methodology and analysis, upscaling at the European level, policy analysis and support, and dissemination and communication. In this way, SoilCare works on a providing a holistic approach to soil quality, spanning from biophysical to human interactions at different scales. In this Special Issue, we aim to compile scientific findings on soil-improving cropping systems (SICS) based on field experiments, including the study of policy, upscaling, and dissemination.
    Keywords: soil quality assessment ; sewage sludge ; long-term effect ; Mediterranean soils ; soil erosion ; soil-improving crop systems ; sustainable land management ; sustainable agriculture ; soil improving practices ; crop response ; weather conditions ; Podzol soil ; Bland–Altman statistics ; soil organic carbon ; soil-water content ; no-till ; reduced tillage ; manure ; compost ; soil care ; nitrous oxide ; N2O ; carbon dioxide ; CO2 ; greenhouse gas ; compaction ; earthworms ; direct drilling ; bulk density ; conservation agriculture ; no tillage ; minimum tillage ; principal component analysis ; soil quality index ; scoring function ; deliberative democracy ; q-methodology ; regenerative agriculture ; soil conservation ; Pisum sativum L. ; organic manure ; NPK ; pH ; SOM ; macronutrients ; nutrient content ; degree of compaction ; soil penetration resistance ; relative normalised density ; air-filled porosity ; tillage ; straw incorporation ; bio-drilling crops ; subsoiling ; crop productivity ; crop residue ; crop rotation ; crop yield ; environmental effects ; irrigation ; nutrient management ; resource use ; soil-improving cropping systems ; soil quality ; agriculture ; sustainability frameworks ; socio-economic and environmental indicators ; soil land management ; agricultural advisory services ; soil health ; governance ; agricultural advisers ; sustainable soil management ; soil policy ; advice ; compacted subsoils ; mechanized agriculture ; smallholder agriculture ; soil bulk density ; sustainability framework ; overall sustainability ; costs and benefits ; cover crops ; adoption ; crop management ; environmental dimension ; sociocultural dimension ; economic dimension ; large-scale modelling ; Europe ; SOC stocks ; scenarios ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Integrated Water Resources Management (IWRM) has become a global paradigm for the governance of surface, coastal and groundwaters. This Special Issue contains twelve articles related to the transfer of IWRM policy principles. The articles explore three dimensions of transfer—causes, processes, outcomes—and offer a theoretically inspiring, methodologically rich and geographically diverse engagement with IWRM policy transfer around the globe. As such, they can also productively inform a future research agenda on the ‘dimensional’ aspects of IWRM governance. Regarding the causes, the contributions apply, criticise, extend or revise existing approaches to policy transfer in a water governance context, asking why countries adopt IWRM principles and what mechanisms are in place to understand the adoption of these principles in regional or national contexts. When it comes to processes, articles in this Special Issue unpack the process of policy transfer and implementation and explore how IWRM principles travel across borders, levels and scales. Finally, this set of papers looks into the outcomes of IWRM policy transfer and asks what impact IWRM principles, once implemented, gave on domestic water governance, water quality and water supply, and how effective IWRM is at addressing critical water issues in specific countries.
    Keywords: B1-5802 ; overfishing ; ocean governance ; integrated water resources management ; Cambodia ; environmental narratives ; England ; transitions ; nitrates ; coordination ; dam ; Integrated Urban Water Management ; local communities ; sustainable fishing ; governance models ; estuaries ; fisheries management ; integrated scientific support ; environmental governance ; niches ; policy coherence ; ecosystem-based management ; sustainability ; institutions ; conservation authorities ; river basin planning ; Turkey ; integrated water resources management (IWRM) ; water quality ; integrated catchment management ; water resource management ; Ontario ; drivers ; Germany ; Oregon ; participation ; watershed councils ; policy transfer ; Water Framework Directive ; Singapore ; urban water security ; Hong Kong ; lived experiences ; EU policy ; scale ; learning ; IWRM ; polycentricity ; agriculture ; process tracing ; policy implementation ; WFD ; pesticides ; visions ; drinking water ; Integrated Water Resources Management ; public participation ; catchment ; EU water framework directive ; agency ; governmentality ; implementation ; United Kingdom ; top-down and bottom-up ; Europeanisation ; water management regimes ; European Union ; environmental policy ; water governance ; governance ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Agriculture requires technical solutions for increasing production while lessening environmental impact by reducing the application of agro-chemicals and increasing the use of environmentally friendly management practices. A benefit of this is the reduction of production costs. Sensor technologies produce tools to achieve the abovementioned goals. The explosive technological advances and developments in recent years have enormously facilitated the attainment of these objectives, removing many barriers for their implementation, including the reservations expressed by farmers. Precision agriculture and ‘smart farming’ are emerging areas where sensor-based technologies play an important role. Farmers, researchers, and technical manufacturers are joining their efforts to find efficient solutions, improvements in production, and reductions in costs. This book brings together recent research and developments concerning novel sensors and their applications in agriculture. Sensors in agriculture are based on the requirements of farmers, according to the farming operations that need to be addressed.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; T1-995 ; optical sensor ; spectral analysis ; response surface sampling ; sensor evaluation ; electromagnetic induction ; multivariate water quality parameters ; mandarin orange ; crop inspection platform ; SPA-MLR ; object tracking ; feature selection ; simultaneous measurement ; diseases ; genetic algorithms ; processing of sensed data ; electrochemical sensors ; thermal image ; ECa-directed soil sampling ; handheld ; recognition patterns ; salt concentration ; clover-grass ; bovine embedded hardware ; weed control ; soil ; field crops ; vineyard ; connected dominating set ; water depth sensors ; SS-OCT ; wheat ; striped stem-borer ; silage ; geostatistics ; detection ; NIR hyperspectral imaging ; electronic nose ; machine learning ; virtual organizations of agents ; packing density ; data validation and calibration ; dataset ; Wi-SUN ; temperature sensors ; geoinformatics ; gas sensor ; X-ray fluorescence spectroscopy ; vegetable oil ; photograph-grid method ; Vitis vinifera ; WSN distribution algorithms ; laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy ; irrigation ; quality assessment ; energy efficiency ; wireless sensor network (WSN) ; geo-information ; Fusarium ; texture features ; weeds ; discrimination ; big data ; soil moisture sensors ; meat spoilage ; land cover ; stereo imaging ; near infrared sensors ; biological sensing ; compound sensor ; pest management ; moisture ; plant localization ; heavy metal contamination ; artificial neural networks ; spectral pre-processing ; moisture content ; apparent soil electrical conductivity ; data fusion ; semi-arid regions ; smart irrigation ; back propagation model ; wireless sensor network ; energy balance ; light-beam ; fluorescent measurement ; agriculture ; precision agriculture ; deep learning ; spectroscopy ; hulled barely ; dielectric probe ; RPAS ; water supply network ; rice leaves ; mobile app ; gradient boosted machines ; hyperspectral camera ; one-class ; nitrogen ; LiDAR ; total carbon ; chemometrics analysis ; rice ; agricultural land ; on-line vis-NIR measurement ; CARS ; obstacle detection ; stratification ; neural networks ; regression estimator ; Kinect ; proximity sensing ; distributed systems ; pest ; noninvasive detection ; texture feature ; soil mapping ; classification ; soil salinity ; visible and near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy ; germination ; computer vision ; hyperspectral imaging ; diffusion ; dielectric dispersion ; UAS ; random forests ; case studies ; total nitrogen ; thermal imaging ; cameras ; dry matter composition ; near-infrared ; salt tolerance ; deep convolutional neural networks ; soil type classification ; water management ; preprocessing methods ; wireless sensor networks (WSN) ; remote sensing image classification ; precision plant protection ; radar ; spatial variability ; GF-1 satellite ; plant disease ; naked barley ; leaf area index ; CIE-Lab ; change of support ; radiative transfer model ; 3D reconstruction ; plant phenotyping ; vine ; near infrared ; vegetation indices ; remote sensing ; greenhouse ; time-series data ; scattering ; sensor ; crop area ; speckle ; spatial data ; grapevine breeding ; wide field view ; partial least squares-discriminant analysis ; spiking ; area frame sampling ; chromium content ; machine-learning ; RGB-D sensor ; pest scouting ; PLS ; Capsicum annuum ; spatial-temporal model ; drying temperature ; boron tolerance ; ambient intelligence ; laser wavelength ; fuzzy logic ; dynamic weight ; landslide ; management zones ; real-time processing ; event detection ; crop monitoring ; apple shelf-life ; rice field monitoring ; wireless sensor ; birth sensor ; proximal sensor ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In the last few decades, near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy has distinguished itself as one of the most rapidly advancing spectroscopic techniques. Mainly known as an analytical tool useful for sample characterization and content quantification, NIR spectroscopy is essential in various other fields, e.g. NIR imaging techniques in biophotonics, medical applications or used for characterization of food products. Its contribution in basic science and physical chemistry should be noted as well, e.g. in exploration of the nature of molecular vibrations or intermolecular interactions. One of the current development trends involves the miniaturization and simplification of instrumentation, creating prospects for the spread of NIR spectrometers at a consumer level in the form of smartphone attachments—a breakthrough not yet accomplished by any other analytical technique. A growing diversity in the related methods and applications has led to a dispersion of these contributions among disparate scientific communities. The aim of this Special Issue was to bring together the communities that may perceive NIR spectroscopy from different perspectives. It resulted in 30 contributions presenting the latest advances in the methodologies essential in near-infrared spectroscopy in a variety of applications.
    Keywords: QD1-999 ; QD71-142 ; Q1-390 ; n/a ; pocket-sized spectrometer ; standard germination tests ; total hydroxycinnamic derivatives ; hyperspectral image ; quantitative analysis modeling ; tissue ; chemotherapy ; FTIR spectroscopy ; cheese ; biomeasurements ; chemometrics ; affine invariance ; rapid identification ; biodiagnosis ; bioanalytical applications ; fat ; NIRS ; pixel-wise ; paraffin-embedded ; late preterm ; maize kernel ; photonics ; hyperspectral image processing ; image processing ; colorectal cancer ; test set validation ; deep convolutional neural network ; near-infrared fluorescence ; classification ; variety discrimination ; near-infrared hyperspectral imaging ; ensemble learning ; light ; origin traceability ; Paris polyphylla var. yunnanensis ; Fourier transform mid-infrared spectroscopy ; dry matter ; Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy ; hyperspectral imaging ; FT-NIR spectroscopy ; proximal sensing ; perfusion measurements ; near-infrared spectroscopy ; stained ; carotenoids ; cellular imaging ; perturbation ; direct model transferability ; clinical classifications ; counterfeit and substandard pharmaceuticals ; hyperspectral imaging technology ; spectral imaging ; SVM ; nutritional parameters ; extra virgin olive oil ; ethanol ; osteopathy ; living cells ; object-wise ; water-mirror approach ; Chrysanthemum ; bootstrapping soft shrinkage ; FTIR ; PLS-R ; multivariate data analysis ; combination bands ; binary dragonfly algorithm ; geographical origin ; Vitis vinifera L. ; glucose ; detection ; di-(2-picolyl)amine ; non-destructive sensor ; splanchnic ; adulteration ; animal origin ; melamine ; artemether ; MicroNIR™ ; brain ; fluorescent probes ; Folin–Ciocalteu ; SCiO ; support vector machine ; anharmonic quantum mechanical calculations ; PLSR ; Zn(II) ; RMSEP ; overtones ; blackberries ; pasta/sauce blends ; FT-IR ; partial least squares calibration ; partial least squares (PLS) ; auxiliary diagnosis ; handheld near-infrared spectroscopy ; precision viticulture ; partial least squares ; seeds vitality ; freeze-damaged ; near infrared ; discriminant analysis ; corn seed ; quantum chemical calculation ; anharmonic calculation ; Trichosanthis Fructus ; moisture ; analytical spectroscopy ; Raman spectroscopy ; NIR spectroscopy ; calibration transfer ; imaging ; water ; lumefantrine ; BRAF V600E mutation ; wavelength selection ; bone cancer ; imaging visualization ; near infrared spectroscopy ; raisins ; chemometric techniques ; data fusion ; prepared slices ; Ewing sarcoma ; biomonitoring ; Rubus fructicosus ; VIS/NIR hyperspectral imaging ; combinations bands ; quantitative analysis model ; partial least square regression ; DFT calculations ; TreeBagger ; antimalarial tablets ; accelerated aging ; agriculture ; crude drugs ; spectroscopy ; rice seeds ; PLS ; isotopic substitution ; multivariate calibration ; phytoextraction ; Fourier-transform near-infrared spectroscopy ; phenolics ; deparaffinized ; near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy ; SIMCA ; counter propagation artificial neural network ; fructose ; PLS-DA ; ultra-high performance liquid chromatography ; aquaphotomics ; support vector machine-discriminant analysis ; hier-SVM ; DNA ; NIR ; support vector machine model ; API ; principal component analysis ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Subsistence smallholder agriculture in East Asia was highly recognized by Dr. Franklin Hiram King in his book Farmers of Forty Centuries or Permanent Agriculture in China, Korea and Japan though it has been abandoned due to industrialization and urbanization since the end of the 20th century. This reprint consists of research on the transformation of agricultural systems and the mechanism behind these phenomena in China and Japan. We believe that this reprint is practically important, and we appreciate your understanding of the imperfections and hope you enjoy this reprint.
    Keywords: livelihood efficiency ; land use ; coupling coordination ; types of households ; poverty-alleviated mountainous areas ; spin-offs ; innovation spillover ; agricultural cluster ; vegetable cluster in Shouguang City ; Shandong Province ; China ; land endowment ; economic endowment ; farmer heterogeneity ; land transfer out ; local knowledge ; resilience thinking ; rural development ; agriculture ; household livelihood strategy ; agricultural diversification ; heterogeneity ; lag effect ; social capital ; rural revitalization ; crop specialization ; Poyang Lake ; fishermen ; policy ; livelihoods ; landscape patterns ; transformation ; livelihood resilience ; family life cycle ; GeoDetector ; LMG metric model ; dryland area ; livelihood strategies ; policy change ; inland fishermen ; employment conditions ; local food system ; vegetable production ; commitment ; cooperative relationship ; urban agricultural heritage system ; high bed-low ditch agroecosystem ; farmland ; land acquisition ; wetland ; nature reserve ; smart farming technology ; rice ; hilly and mountainous areas ; sustainable farmland ; Japan ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-12-20
    Description: This book on the sustainable use of soils and water addressed a variety of issues related to the utopian desire for environmental sustainability and the deviations from this scene observed in the real world. Competing interests for land are frequently a factor in land degradation, especially where the adopted land uses do not conform with the land capability (the natural use of soil). The concerns of researchers about these matters are presented in the articles comprising this Special Issue book. Various approaches were used to assess the (im)balance between economic profit and environmental conservation in various regions, in addition to potential routes to bring landscapes back to a sustainable status being disclosed.
    Keywords: GE1-350 ; Q1-390 ; environmental and economic changes ; overexploitation ; stream flow downscaling ; Recharge ; Institutions ; evaluation ; geo hazards ; marginal land resources ; water resources ; contributions ; land use change ; comprehensive land carrying capacity ; land eco-security ; scale effects ; river basin ; Ghana ; urbanization ; groundwater recharge ; MicroLEIS DSS ; multiple stresses ; forest ; land use conflicts ; soil ; analytic hierarchy process ; heavy metal pollution assessment ; recharge ; environmental degradation ; spatial variation ; debris flow waste-shoal land ; Lankao county ; encounters of interests ; territorial development ; driving forces analysis ; land use policy ; climate conditions ; time series analysis ; arable soil ; urban area ; multi-criterion comprehensive evaluation ; Land Use ; agricultural and livestock products ; evapotranspiration ; hydrological processes ; Trnava district ; macromodel DNS/SWAT ; central Asia ; CA-Markov ; integrative landscape management ; Land use change ; land use and transformation ; weight ; Contemporary Yellow River Delta ; conjunctive water resources management ; set pair theory ; sustainability ; karst aquifer ; withdrawal of agricultural land ; sustainable development ; SWAT ; water resource management ; water footprint ; land-use planning ; Ecosystem service value ; Penman–Monteith equation ; cloud model ; groundwater flow field ; standard deviation ; temporal stability ; landscape as geosystem ; Gross Domestic Product ; geology ; territorial factors ; agriculture ; multi-dimension ; Groundwater ; conflicts ; Green GDP ; temporal-spatial variations ; relief ; recharge zones ; groundwater depth ; Nitrate Vulnerable Zones ; hydrologic modeling ; Managed Aquifer ; soil reclamation ; nitrogen ; discrete wavelet transform ; legislative factors ; developmental factors ; ungauged catchment ; rural households’ behaviors ; arid region ; land use/cover change ; spatialization ; sustainable agriculture ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCN Environmental economics
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-03-07
    Description: This reprint focuses on quantitatively assessing the impact of climate change on agricultural production based on multi-source model simulation and reveals the role and mechanism of improved management measures in adapting to climate change. Modeling is a key tool for exploring the impacts of climate change on agriculture and proposing adaptation strategies. The insights derived from this reprint will be helpful for relevant decision makers in the areas of agricultural adaptation and food security.
    Keywords: temperature ; evaluation ; CLDAS ; GLDAS ; ERA5-Land ; adaptation ; climate change ; summer maize ; phenology shift ; GCM ; CNRM-CM6 ; PET ; IPCC-AR6 ; SSP scenarios ; solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) ; winter wheat ; yield forecast ; random forest ; enhanced vegetation index (EVI) ; geographic distribution ; suitable habitat ; Rheum nanum ; MaxEnt ; ArcGIS ; range shifts ; climate scenario ; agriculture ; food security ; planting boundary ; crop modelling ; yield ; future climate scenarios ; soybean ; CROPWAT ; reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) ; crop water requirement (ETc) ; irrigation water requirement (Ir) ; crop yield ; cultivated area ; water use ; wheat–corn ; DNDC ; net greenhouse effect ; anaerobic digestion ; biogas production ; k-nearest neighbours ; support vector machine ; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River ; rice ; heat stress ; nitrous oxide ; soil gas flux ; silicone diffusion cell ; soil gas diffusivity ; passive gas sampling ; soil gas diffusion coefficient ; soil gas flux simulation ; carbon sequestration ; different scenarios ; land use ; sustainable development ; Xinjiang ; ETo ; yield response factor ; irrigation water requirement ; cotton ; GCMs ; CERES-rice model ; rice yield ; light and heat resource utilization ; potential evapotranspiration (ET0) ; Penman–Monteith ; sensitivity analysis ; contribution rate ; optimal irrigation ; sustainable irrigation ; water use efficiency ; North China Plain ; sugarcane ; SPEI ; waterlogging ; growth stage ; climatic yield ; yield prediction ; machine learning ; APSIM model ; climate indices ; range shift ; apple trees ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: An increasing number of people live in cities. In recent decades, this, combined with rural abandonment and landscape polarisation, has resulted in high land ownership concentrations and agricultural intensification. This, in turn, has resulted in a significant decrease in the resilience of agriculture and overall food systems and threatens the maintenance of traditional indigenous and peasant farming. Therefore, there is an urgent need to reconnect society with the sustainable use of agroecosystems by fostering resilient social–ecological systems, emphasising the links between the functioning of natural systems and human well-being, and stressing the benefits that people derive from them. This Special Issue aims to highlight impactful research and commentaries that focus on attempts to connect people with nature for the promotion of sustainable agricultural transitions. This Issue embraces inter- and trans-disciplinary studies from multiple disciplines (e.g., agricultural sciences, environmental sciences, geography, economy, and sociology), as well as those incorporating other knowledge systems (e.g., local and indigenous) in the co-construction of knowledge for sustainable agriculture, including studies in rural areas (e.g., GIAHS or HNV farmland) and initiatives that address urban–rural relationships or those developed within metropolitan areas (e.g., community-supported agriculture, food hubs, domestic gardens, multifunctional agriculture, and farmers´ or consumers´ cooperatives) and studies assessing the societal and ecological impacts of those initiatives.
    Keywords: community supported agriculture ; alternative food networks ; spatial proximity ; relational proximity ; cross-national case study ; sustainable agriculture ; rural-urban interaction ; agroecology ; youth ; human-nature connectedness ; sustainability transitions ; depopulation ; ecological agriculture ; water conservation ; double-hurdle model ; interpretative structural modeling ; adoptions ; threatened plant ; agriculture ; Spain ; land use ; conservation ; human-nature reconnection ; cultural landscapes ; drivers of change ; landscape planning ; landscape stewardship ; mixed methods ; participatory governance ; rural abandonment ; stakeholder inclusion ; urban growth ; participatory mapping ; ecosystem services ; demand ; PGIS ; agricultural landscapes ; human nature connectedness ; agricultural innovations ; multi-level perspective ; agricultural knowledge and innovation systems (AKIS) ; conservative agriculture practices ; knowledge co-production ; mediterranean horticulture ; integrated pest management ; greenhouses ; soil health ; biological control ; pond naturalisation ; collective action ; socio-ecological systems ; sustainable agricultural transition ; consumers/citizens ; sustainable consumption ; innovative business models ; alternative agri-food networks (AAFNs) ; human–nature connectedness (HNC) ; multi-level perspective (MLP) ; community-supported agriculture (CSA) ; cooperatives ; food systems governance ; public policy ; inclusive multilateralism ; rights-based approach ; biodiversity ; climate change ; nature ; foodshed archipelago ; proximity food supply chains ; spatial signature ; city-region ; food self-sufficiency ; regional food security ; agricultural diversification ; food planning ; regional food system ; food policy ; socioecological systems ; local identity ; world heritage site ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-09-11
    Description: Global population growth, population aging, declining labor force levels, and rising production costs pose more challenges to agricultural production. In recent years, due to the improved performance of artificial intelligence, precision agriculture, and advanced control, they have been widely used in various agricultural applications, including management, disease detection, crop monitoring, yield estimation, and crop harvesting. Robotics and autonomous machines represent a high-level application of automation in agriculture, based on precise and resource-efficient approaches to sustainably achieve greater efficiency and quality in the production of agricultural products while reducing environmental impact. Reactive technologies based on agricultural robots and autonomous machines are separate but closely related fields covering the application of automated control and robotic platforms at all levels of agricultural production. In robotic or autonomous systems, agricultural sensing and control is particularly difficult due to the complexity of the environment in which agricultural production operates. The open robot system has good expansibility, versatility and flexible operation ability. The establishment of agricultural robot control system can guarantee the reliability and real-time control. A total of 26 papers are included that explores the various ways in which robotics and autonomous machines for agricultural production address general problems.
    Keywords: mobile manipulation ; optimization and optimal control ; agricultural robotics ; viticulture ; jujube pruning ; manipulator ; kinematic analysis ; high-speed photography technology ; performance test ; picking manipulator ; motion planning ; TO-RRT ; step-size dichotomy ; regression superposition ; robotic pest control ; Mask R-CNN ; skeleton extraction ; binocular vision ; stereo matching ; machine vision ; picking robot ; apple detection ; YOLOX ; ShufflenetV2 ; point cloud registration of fruit trees ; lightning attachment procedure optimization ; density-based spatial clustering of applications with noise ; information perception of fruit trees ; precision planter ; motor-driven ; CANopen protocol ; photoelectric sensor ; no-tillage ; straw-rotting fungus ; multiarm harvesting trajectory optimization ; multiobjective optimization ; cluster fruit ; genetic ant colony stepwise algorithm ; dairy farm ; pusher robot ; path extraction ; obstacle avoidance ; high-performance film for full recycling ; film recycling ; field experiment ; film recycling rate ; precision agriculture ; Industry 4.0 ; technology ; adoption ; unmanned vehicles ; smart production ; drones ; robots ; cotton precision planter ; cotton seeds ; broadcast monitoring ; missed broadcast monitoring ; sowing quality ; electrical characteristics ; poultry eggs ; nondestructive detection ; cracked eggs ; machine learning ; garlic seeding ; orientation recognition ; garlic clove righting ; deep learning ; fully connected neural network ; autonomous navigation ; navigation line extraction ; orchard machinery ; least-square ; apple harvesting ; soft gripper ; Fin Ray effect ; finite element analysis ; constant-pressure feedback ; slip detection ; fresh weight prediction ; growth model ; naive Bayesian network ; solar greenhouse ; substrate-cultivated lettuce ; phenotyping ; agricultural robot ; tiller counting ; residual network ; agriculture ; path planning ; neighborhood collection ; autonomous vehicle ; genetic algorithm ; global optimization ; bale collection problem ; forage handling ; pineapple eye ; three-dimensional ; YOLOv5 ; stereo-matching ; cotton seeder ; duckbill ; Simufact Welding ; welding robot ; automated welding ; apple grader ; attention mechanism SE ; DIoU_Loss ; mish ; autonomous robots ; data acquisition ; computer vision ; shrimp ; automatic peeling machines ; tactile perception ; recognition ; wavelet scattering convolutional network ; microcurrent signal analysis ; egg’s electrical characteristic model ; artificial intelligence ; IoT ; cloud computing ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering & technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: Algae have been used since ancient times as food for humans, animal feed, agricultural fertilizer, and as a source of substances for therapeutic use. Currently, seaweed represents a vast source of raw materials used in the pharmaceutical, food, traditional medicine, and cosmetics industries. They are nutritionally valuable, both fresh and dried, or as ingredients in a wide variety of pre-made foods. In particular, seaweed contains significant amounts of protein, lipids, minerals, and vitamins. Information is limited on the role of algae and their metabolites in therapy. Only a few taxa have been studied for use in medicine. Many traditional cultures report the healing powers of selected algae in tropical and subtropical marine forms. This is especially true in the maritime areas of Asia, where the sea plays a significant role in daily activities. However, currently, only a few genera and species of algae are involved in aspects of medicine and therapy. The beneficial uses of seaweed or seaweed products include those that can mimic specific manifestations of human disease, production of antibiotic compounds, or improved human nutrition.
    Keywords: QH301-705.5 ; Q1-390 ; TX341-641 ; alginate ; minerals ; n/a ; edible seaweed ; macro algae ; Mycoplasma pneumoniae ; nutritional value ; seaweeds ; low molecular weight fucoidan ; osteoblast ; huBM-MSC ; ulvan ; HDL-C ; diffusion model ; adjuvant ; phlorotannin ; chlorophylls ; alkaline phosphatase ; raw laver ; heavy metals adsorption ; quantification ; colorectal cancer ; microbial risk ; processing technology ; anticoagulant activity ; isolation ; keratinocytes ; Black Sea ; Osmundea pinnatifida ; marine algae ; feed ; antigen-specific antibody ; bromophenols ; Ulva rigida ; carotenoids ; natural resources ; LDL-C ; functional substance ; agriculture ; particulate matter ; processed laver product ; reactive oxygen species ; health functionality ; cancer stem cells ; cytotoxicity ; HPLC ; omics-based technology ; Sargassum muticum ; TC reduction ; FTIR-ATR ; chemical risk ; enzymatic extracts ; n-3 PUFAs ; mono and polysaccharides ; health ; chemical sulfation ; food ; TC ; NMR ; TG ; carrageenan ; antitumour activity ; NK cell ; Cystoseira barbata ; EPA ; phlorofucofuroeckol A ; Ecklonia cava ; macroalgae/seaweed ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PS Biology, life sciences
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-06-23
    Description: Fungal Nanotechnology 2 provides an updated and thorough explanation of the green and sustainable production of metal- and organic-based nanostructures by various fungal species, as well as an investigation of intracellular and extracellular mechanisms, with a particular focus on the applications of fungal nanotechnology in biomedical, environmental, and agri-food sectors. Since FN is still in its infancy, major research should be conducted in this field; plants, animals, and people will all benefit significantly from this, and effective and environmentally acceptable methods should be developed.
    Keywords: zinc oxide nanoparticles ; Gossypium barbadense ; Fusarium sp. ; Rhizoctonia solani ; Macrophomina phaseolina ; metallic nanoparticles ; agriculture ; crop protection ; antifungal activities ; fungi ; silver nanoparticles ; green biosynthesis ; antifungal activity ; mucormycosis ; antioxidant activity ; Penicillium chrysogenum ; Biomphalaria alexandrina ; Schistosoma mansoni ; selenium nanoparticles ; molluscicide ; larvicide ; docking study ; Puccinia triticina ; wheat ; salicylic acid ; chitosan nanoparticles ; enzymes ; ROS ; anatomical characters ; nanofungicide ; ambrosial complex ; beneficial microbes ; biocontrol agents ; Trichoderma ; Hypocrea ; nanostructures ; biosynthesis ; biocontrol ; larvicidal ; smoke toxicity ; ovicidal ; fungus ; nanotechnology ; reaction optimisation ; Chaetomium thermophilum ; cytotoxicity ; chitosan ; chitosan/silver nanoparticles ; antimicrobial ; antioxidant ; wound healing ; green synthesis ; polyphenols ; cell cycle ; Candida auris ; metal oxide nanoparticles ; Fusarium solani ; defense genes ; control ; resistance ; scanning electron microscope ; anatomical structure ; myconanotechnology ; ZnO nanoparticles ; nanofabrication ; antimicrobial resistance ; biofilm ; Serendipita indica ; endosymbiont ; nano-embedded fungus ; confocal microscopy ; scanning electron microscopy ; Oryza sativa L. indica ; nano-bioformulation ; antibacterial ; CuO/g-C3N4 nanocomposite ; fungal interactions ; plant pathogens ; fungus-derived nanoparticles ; nanoparticle-based fungicides ; fungal bioreactors ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: Considering their constant evolution and transformation, in this Special Issue, several authors provide contributions bringing light to different aspects related to food supply chains, based on several conceptual frameworks, agri-food areas and contexts, as well as multiple levels of analysis. In this book, the promotion of win–win investments in Brazil’s Agribusiness is discussed, as well as how family farmers can thrive in commodity markets in long agribusiness supply chains. The Logic of Collective Action for Rural Warehouse Condominiums, which is a new configuration in the agribusiness supply chain, is also addressed. In this book, the Brazilian Jabuticaba Supply Chain is analyzed through a multi-methodological approach. The role of logistics in food-waste reduction for wholesalers and small retailers of fruits and vegetables is also presented. The issue of transparency in global agribusiness in the Brazilian soybean supply chain is discussed based on companies’ accountability. Finally, the transformation of the food supply chain through technology and future research directions are highlighted in this Special Issue. This book aims to assist students, researchers and practitioners interested in the evolution and transformations of food supply chains.
    Keywords: food supply chains transformation ; stakeholder accountability ; business evolution ; corporate environmental management ; responses to environmental issues ; environmental ; social and governance values (ESG) ; food waste ; logistics ; retail ; wholesale ; supply chain management ; food supply transformation ; supply chain 4.0 ; food safety ; food quality ; food sustainability ; COVID-19 disruptions ; systematic review ; supply chain ; structuring problem ; family farming ; multimethodology ; collective action theory of logic ; collective actions ; rural warehouse condominiums ; rural development ; agri-food systems ; alternative models ; agriculture ; Brazil ; foreign direct investment (FDI) ; alternative food supply chain models ; conceptualizations of food supply chain transformations ; ongoing evolutions and transformations ; patents ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: There is a close link between food and territory. The current challenges are located in precision agriculture and food metrology from the perspective of monitoring and improving food quality, and addressing the promotion of diversity of agroecosystems and diets. Research studies describing factors affecting food quality—such as agronomic conditions, post-harvest elicitors, cultivar selection, harvest date, or environmental influences—are welcome. Sustainable environmental and innovative practices should be promoted. Advanced techniques, such as mass spectrometry, infrared, and Raman spectroscopy in the monitoring and control of foodstuffs to model the agrofood system should be considered. Innovative green technologies should be taken into account. Targeting food approaches should be promoted. Chemometrics applications are welcome. This issue promotes highly interdisciplinary studies, including disciplines from agriculture and biology, chemistry, and nutrition. All types of articles, such as original research, opinions, and reviews, are welcome.
    Keywords: herbal medicinal product ; dried extract ; spouted bed drying ; antioxidant activity ; Rosmarinus officinalis ; powder properties ; Manzanilla ; Tefahi ; Gelb Elfarroudj cultivar ; secoiridoids ; radical scavenging ; UHPLC-HESI-MS ; phenolics ; phenolic compounds ; resveratrol ; linear discriminant analysis ; production–maturation mode discrimination ; amino acids ; fatty acids ; oil ; protein ; starch ; Zea mays L. ; camu-camu powder ; meat ; pH ; S. enterica ser. Typhimurium ; spoilage bacteria ; TBARS ; rapeseed/wheat–rice rotation system ; nitrogen management ; rice yield ; rice quality ; sugars ; carotenoids ; phenolic ; antioxidants ; nutritional quality ; high temperature ; NaCl ; nitrogen fertilizer ; japonica rice cultivars ; grain quality ; starch physicochemical properties ; honey ; physicochemical properties ; colour ; minerals ; trace elements ; ferric reducing-antioxidant power assay ; radical scavenging activity ; spring wheat ; organic agriculture ; Fusarium spp. ; mycotoxins ; quality of grain ; flour yield ; technological value ; microbiomics ; soil metagenomics ; DNA sequencing ; wilt ; rot ; Punica granatum ; metrology ; agriculture ; food ; biodiversity ; literature quantitative analysis ; antioxidant properties ; bee products ; propolis ; plant sources ; medicinal plants ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
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    Publication Date: 2022-06-21
    Description: This book focuses on the use of GIScience in conjunction with historical visual sources to resolve past scenarios. The themes, knowledge gained and methodologies conducted might be of interest to a variety of scholars from the social science and humanities disciplines.
    Keywords: land use/land cover (LULC) ; landscapes ; historical maps ; Geographic Information System (GIS) ; agriculture ; vineyards ; olive groves ; Ein Karem ; Bethlehem ; Hebron ; urban geomorphology ; anthropogenic landforms ; old maps ; contour lines ; Genoa ; historical GIS ; HGIS ; GIS tools ; fishnet ; grid ; urban morphology ; Inoh’s map ; coastlines ; terrain ; land use ; uncertainty ; visibility ; topographic accessibility ; Central Europe ; information system ; Vltava River ; geolocation ; photographs ; historical visual sources ; graph embeddings ; geospatial descriptors ; indexing and retrieval of historical data ; GIS ; carbon balance ; rural landscape ; total environment ; historical geography ; GIScience ; visual sources ; spatial approaches ; cartography ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Agriculture, as the main source of alimentation and the most important economic activity globally, is being affected by the impacts of climate change. To maintain and increase our global food system production, to reduce biodiversity loss and preserve our natural ecosystem, new practices and technologies are required. This book focuses on the latest advances in remote sensing technology and agricultural engineering leading to the sustainable agriculture practices. Earth observation data, in situ and proxy-remote sensing data are the main source of information for monitoring and analyzing agriculture activities. Particular attention is given to earth observation satellites and the Internet of Things for data collection, to multispectral and hyperspectral data analysis using machine learning and deep learning, to WebGIS and the Internet of Things for sharing and publishing the results, among others.
    Keywords: geographic information system (GIS) ; pocket beaches ; coastal management ; Interreg ; climate change ; remote sensing ; drone ; Sicily ; Malta ; Gozo ; Comino ; systematic literature review ; anomaly intrusion detection ; deep learning ; IoT ; resource constraint ; IDS ; evapotranspiration ; penman-monteith equation ; artificial neural network ; canopy conductance ; Ziz basin ; water quality ; satellite image analysis ; modeling approach ; nitrate ; dissolved oxygen ; chlorophyll a ; time series analysis ; environmental monitoring ; water extraction ; modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) ; machine learning algorithm ; hyperspectral ; proximal sensing ; panicle initiation ; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ; green ring ; internode-elongation ; Sentinel 1 and 2 ; Copernicus Sentinels ; crop classification ; food security ; agricultural monitoring ; data analysis ; SAR ; random forest ; 3D bale wrapping method ; equal bale dimensions ; mathematical model ; minimal film consumption ; optimal bale dimensions ; round bales ; Sentinel-2 ; SVM ; RF ; Boufakrane River watershed ; irrigation requirements ; water resources ; sustainable land use ; agriculture ; invasive plants ; precision agriculture ; rice farming ; site-specific weed management ; nitrogen prediction ; 1D convolution neural networks ; cucumber ; crop yield improvement ; mango leaf ; CCA ; vein pattern ; leaf disease ; cubic SVM ; chlorophyll-a concentration ; transfer learning ; overfitting ; data augmentation ; guava disease ; plant disease detection ; crops diseases ; entropy ; features fusion ; machine learning ; object-based classification ; density estimation ; histogram ; land use ; crop fields ; soil tillage ; data fusion ; multispectral ; sensor ; probe ; temperature profile ; forest roads ; simulation ; autonomous robots ; smart agriculture ; environmental protection ; photogrammetry ; path planning ; internet of things ; modeling ; convolutional neural networks ; machine vision ; computer vision ; modular robot ; selective spraying ; vision-based crop and weed detection ; Faster R-CNN ; YOLOv5 ; band selection ; CNN ; NDVI ; hyperspectral imaging ; crops ; urban flood ; Sentinel-1a ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; 3D Convolutional Neural Network ; multi-temporal data ; land use classification ; GIS ; Coatzacoalcos ; algorithms ; clustering ; pest control ; site-specific ; virtual pests ; rice plant ; weed ; hyperspectral imagery ; sustainable agriculture ; green technologies ; Internet of Things ; natural resources ; sustainable environment ; IoT ecosystem ; hyperspectral remoting sensing ; crop mapping ; image classification ; deep transfer learning ; hyperparameter optimization ; metaheuristic ; soil attribute ; ordinary Kriging ; rational sampling numbers ; spatial heterogeneity ; sampling ; soil pH ; spatial variation ; ordinary kriging ; Land Use/Land Cover ; LISS-III ; Landsat ; Vision Transformer ; Bidirectional long-short term memory ; Google Earth Engine ; Explainable Artificial Intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: This Special Issue presents an extract from the reality of smart agriculture, where the combination of modern technologies, innovative solutions, and sustainable approaches to food production classifies this part of science as highly interdisciplinary, multifaceted, and technologically advanced. The need to increase productivity, optimize natural resources, and minimize environmental impact requires new approaches. In this context, smart agriculture is emerging as a solution that combines technology, data, and science to achieve sustainable, efficient, and innovative food production. This Special Issue introduces the field of smart farming, which encompasses a range of advanced technologies. The use of these tools allows for the monitoring and optimization of crop conditions, precise fertilization, the minimization of water and energy usage, and the improvement of crop quality and quantity. In addition, plant monitoring systems are described, which, by means of sensors and data analysis, provide farmers with valuable information about plant health, soil moisture, temperature, and other factors affecting crop growth. A significant part of this monograph deals with the automation of agricultural processes, where robots and machines undertake tasks with high precision and accuracy, contributing to the farmer’s efficiency. This Special Issue aims not only to provide an understanding of smart agriculture but to also inspire the reader to think about the future of agriculture and the ways in which modern food production methods can be improved.
    Keywords: recirculating aquaculture system ; variable-flow regulation model ; circulating pump-drum filter linkage working technique ; machine learning methods ; gene algorithm support vector machine ; controlled environment agriculture ; digital twin ; productivity ; architecture ; optimization ; NDVI ; image processing ; SURF ; SIFT ; SVM ; BP algorithm ; performance ; sweet pepper ; deep neural network ; sprouts ; stimulation with a pulsed magnetic field ; micro and macro components ; ICP-OES ; ground pressure ; paddy soil ; seeding skateboard ; internet of things ; wireless measurement system ; calcium ; magnesium ; phosphorus ; potassium ; copper ; iron ; manganese ; sodium ; zinc ; wild leafy vegetables ; real-time kinematic (RTK) ; precision agriculture ; ISO standard ; global positioning system (GPS) ; GLONASS ; agricultural tractor ; Korean ginseng ; root-rot-disease ; plant segmentation ; deep learning ; Spodoptera frugiperda ; convolutional neural network ; corn insect ; electrical fields ; magnetic fields ; high-voltage electric field ; growth of fruits ; ripening of fruits ; shelf life of fruits ; fungicide resistance ; PCR ; broad-spectrum fungicides ; Fusarium solani ; toxicity ; asymmetric machine-tractor unit ; motion ; stability ; resistance coefficients ; amplitude-frequency characteristic ; phase-frequency characteristic ; quality parameters ; firmness ; total soluble solid ; titratable acidity ; dry matter ; respiration rate ; apple fruit ; model predictive control ; energy management system ; renewable energy ; smart irrigation ; agriculture 4.0 ; maize bulk ; kernel breakage ; vertical pressure ; deformation ; heat production ; sustainable ; agriculture ; rural ; mobile internet technology ; bivariate probit model ; agricultural modernization ; Pakistan ; wheat ; smart ; Zea mays ; stalk diseases ; crop rotation ; stubble ; suppressive soils ; biomass combustion ; broadleaved tree ; pulsed electric field ; calorific value ; UV-C radiation ; stress response ; mechanical properties ; stimulation ; potato tuber ; CFD (Computational Fluid Dynamics) ; terminal velocity ; winnowing machine separation ; chili pepper harvester ; water and fertilizer integration ; pH adjustment ; BP-PID-Smith algorithm ; estimated compensation ; convolutional neural networks ; MATLAB ; hybrid system ; mobile application ; aeration ; airflow resistance ; pore volume ; semi-empirical modelling ; self-compaction ; spatial and temporal ; energy ; environmental contamination ; lettuce ; life cycle assessment ; winter wheat ; leaf greenness index (SPAD) ; protein ; photosynthesis ; nitrogen ; smart agriculture ; weed management ; crop productivity ; computer vision ; analytical procedure ; forklift truck ; interchangeable equipment ; static stability assessment ; typical meteorological sequence ; typical meteorological week ; wastewater treatment ; high-rate algae pond ; solar irradiance ; Finkelstein-Schafer statistics ; southern rice ; threshing loss ; fuzzy PID ; adaptive algorithm ; hilly mountainous areas ; rapeseed pod ; surface area measurement ; 3-D measurement ; side area of oblique cylinders ; rapeseed pod seed testing machine ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-27
    Description: The anthropogenic loading of phosphorus (P) to water bodies continues to increase worldwide, in many cases leading to increased eutrophication and harmful algal blooms. Determining the sources of P and the biogeochemical processes responsible for this increase is often difficult because of the complexity of the inputs and pathways, which vary both in spatial and temporal scales. In order to effectively develop strategies to improve water quality, it is essential to develop a comprehensive understanding of the relationship of P pools with biological uptake and cycling under varied soil and water conditions. In this ebook, eight chapters cover the various aspects of basic-applied research on mineral–P interaction and how these reactions impact P mobilization, bioavailability, transfer, and speciation of P in different soil matrices using advanced analytical methods. Some of these methods include the application of XANES and field-based research related to stream bank legacy nutrients; natural and anthropogenic eutrophication and its relationship to climate change; and the evaluation of the impact of P due to (i) grazing systems, (ii) weathering and vegetation, and iii) soil and manure management practices. In addition, two review chapters take a holistic approach to cover an expansive area of P transformation processes along the cropland–riparian–stream continuum and the assessment of legacy P. Together, these contributions improve our current understanding of the reactions and processes that impact P concentration, speciation, cycling, loss, and transfer from agroecosystems.
    Keywords: eutrophication ; phosphorus ; water quality ; sediment ; dissolved oxygen ; phosphorus mobilization ; climate change ; algae bloom ; legacy sediments ; equilibrium phosphorus concentration ; sorption ; desorption ; anoxic ; chemical P extraction ; microanalysis ; X-ray absorption near-edge structure (XANES) spectroscopy ; soil P ; vertical and horizontal P distribution ; runoff water ; exclusions ; strategic grazing ; dissolved reactive phosphorus ; total phosphorus ; soil test phosphorus ; soil stratification ; soil fertility ; phosphorus cycling ; weathering ; iron speciation ; biogeochemistry ; legacy phosphorus ; speciation ; transformation ; accessibility ; best management practices ; corn silage ; erosion ; nutrient management ; liquid manure ; surface runoff ; agriculture ; riparian buffers ; critical source areas ; overland flow ; hydropedology ; snowmelt ; streamflow ; tile drainage ; phosphorus kinetics ; Fe-Al-hydroxide mixtures ; histidine ; malic acid ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: The management of cultural heritage and public real-estate assets is one of the most crucial challenges concerning the sustainable use of these resources, involving dynamic methods to stimulate preservation, development, renewal, and transmission to future generations of these essential assets. The contributions presented in this book provide a rich and varied panorama of research experiences and innovative tools, capable of promoting the re-use of cultural heritage in European cities and cultural landscapes, using a circular economy logic as a model of sustainable development. From this point of view, cultural capital becomes the driver of a regeneration process on the local, urban, and metropolitan scales, in which the transversal interconnections between the production cycles of the adaptive re-use of the available heritage, both in the adaptation and in the management phase, configure a circular process of multidimensional production of value. Therefore, future territorial redevelopment projects can base their idea strength on an open system of appropriately selected social attractors, whose enhancement and use have the objective of triggering widespread regeneration effects on the whole territory of influence, receiving inducement and resources to progress.
    Keywords: urban heritage ; historic centre ; regulation ; sustainability ; city plan ; ambidextrous management ; creative tourism ; tourismphobia and anti-tourism movements ; social capital ; heritage ; territorial health center ; urban regeneration ; Multi-Criteria Analysis ; built cultural heritage ; values ; economic evaluation of projects ; Multi Criteria Decision Making (MCDM) ; historical building ; economic enhancement ; integrated evaluation ; multicriteria analysis ; cultural heritage and circular economy ; financial sustainability ; Ritiro del Carmine ; built heritage sustainable reuse ; economic feasibility ; economic sustainability ; project feasibility investment profitability ; unused public buildings ; cultural heritage ; cultural tourism ; regional development ; rural areas ; bibliometric analysis ; bibliographic analysis ; risk assessment ; public investment ; time overrun ; public works ; urban governance ; new public institutional forms ; multi-sectoral collaboration ; social innovation ; MONUM ; adaptive reuse ; building rehabilitation ; impact assessment ; cultural landscape ; local governance ; immovable properties ; bathing houses ; Mar Menor ; San Javier ; artworks ; macro-elements ; vulnerability ; seismic damage ; deterioration ; web archive ; tourist flow management ; ETIS ; carrying capacity ; social impact ; social network analysis ; public real estate property ; operational protocol ; model of choice ; radar diagram ; urban art ; Neighborhood Regeneration ; Social Empowerment ; Right to the City ; Ferrol (Spain) ; Sustainable Development Goals ; SDG 11 ; heritage database ; heritage value ; heritage classification ; vocationality ; Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) ; Vesuvian Villas ; valuation ; A’WOT analysis ; multicriteria decision aid ; valorization ; management strategy ; urban sustainable development ; historical school buildings ; multi-criteria evaluation ; cultural firms ; accounting parameters ; survival analysis ; Kaplan–Meier curves ; strategic planning ; historic urban landscape ; model ; management instruments ; Novi Pazar ; Serbia ; cultural heritage conservation ; multi-criteria decision aid ; strategic assessment ; landscape management ; agriculture ; evaluation ; multi criteria decision aide (MCDA) ; rough sets ; multifunctionality ; artistic assets ; AHP ; seismic hazard ; n/a ; archaeological basins ; Web-GIS and Geodatabases ; territorial marketing ; cultural economics ; land economy ; tourism experience management ; cultural estate ; landscape heritage ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Agriculture, as the main source of alimentation and the most important economic activity globally, is being affected by the impacts of climate change. To maintain and increase our global food system production, to reduce biodiversity loss and preserve our natural ecosystem, new practices and technologies are required. This book focuses on the latest advances in remote sensing technology and agricultural engineering leading to the sustainable agriculture practices. Earth observation data, in situ and proxy-remote sensing data are the main source of information for monitoring and analyzing agriculture activities. Particular attention is given to earth observation satellites and the Internet of Things for data collection, to multispectral and hyperspectral data analysis using machine learning and deep learning, to WebGIS and the Internet of Things for sharing and publication of the results, among others.
    Keywords: geographic information system (GIS) ; pocket beaches ; coastal management ; Interreg ; climate change ; remote sensing ; drone ; Sicily ; Malta ; Gozo ; Comino ; systematic literature review ; anomaly intrusion detection ; deep learning ; IoT ; resource constraint ; IDS ; evapotranspiration ; penman-monteith equation ; artificial neural network ; canopy conductance ; Ziz basin ; water quality ; satellite image analysis ; modeling approach ; nitrate ; dissolved oxygen ; chlorophyll a ; time series analysis ; environmental monitoring ; water extraction ; modified normalized difference water index (MNDWI) ; machine learning algorithm ; hyperspectral ; proximal sensing ; panicle initiation ; normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) ; green ring ; internode-elongation ; Sentinel 1 and 2 ; Copernicus Sentinels ; crop classification ; food security ; agricultural monitoring ; data analysis ; SAR ; random forest ; 3D bale wrapping method ; equal bale dimensions ; mathematical model ; minimal film consumption ; optimal bale dimensions ; round bales ; Sentinel-2 ; SVM ; RF ; Boufakrane River watershed ; irrigation requirements ; water resources ; sustainable land use ; agriculture ; invasive plants ; precision agriculture ; rice farming ; site-specific weed management ; nitrogen prediction ; 1D convolution neural networks ; cucumber ; crop yield improvement ; mango leaf ; CCA ; vein pattern ; leaf disease ; cubic SVM ; chlorophyll-a concentration ; transfer learning ; overfitting ; data augmentation ; guava disease ; plant disease detection ; crops diseases ; entropy ; features fusion ; machine learning ; object-based classification ; density estimation ; histogram ; land use ; crop fields ; soil tillage ; data fusion ; multispectral ; sensor ; probe ; temperature profile ; forest roads ; simulation ; autonomous robots ; smart agriculture ; environmental protection ; photogrammetry ; path planning ; internet of things ; modeling ; convolutional neural networks ; machine vision ; computer vision ; modular robot ; selective spraying ; vision-based crop and weed detection ; Faster R-CNN ; YOLOv5 ; band selection ; CNN ; NDVI ; hyperspectral imaging ; crops ; urban flood ; Sentinel-1a ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; 3D Convolutional Neural Network ; multi-temporal data ; land use classification ; GIS ; Coatzacoalcos ; algorithms ; clustering ; pest control ; site-specific ; virtual pests ; rice plant ; weed ; hyperspectral imagery ; sustainable agriculture ; green technologies ; Internet of Things ; natural resources ; sustainable environment ; IoT ecosystem ; hyperspectral remoting sensing ; crop mapping ; image classification ; deep transfer learning ; hyperparameter optimization ; metaheuristic ; soil attribute ; ordinary Kriging ; rational sampling numbers ; spatial heterogeneity ; sampling ; soil pH ; spatial variation ; ordinary kriging ; Land Use/Land Cover ; LISS-III ; Landsat ; Vision Transformer ; Bidirectional long-short term memory ; Google Earth Engine ; Explainable Artificial Intelligence ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RG Geography
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-04-05
    Description: This reprint focuses on quantitatively assessing the impact of climate change on agricultural production based on multi-source model simulation and reveals the role and mechanism of improved management measures in adapting to climate change. Modeling is a key tool for exploring the impacts of climate change on agriculture and proposing adaptation strategies. The insights derived from this reprint will be helpful for relevant decision makers in the areas of agricultural adaptation and food security.
    Keywords: temperature ; evaluation ; CLDAS ; GLDAS ; ERA5-Land ; adaptation ; climate change ; summer maize ; phenology shift ; GCM ; CNRM-CM6 ; PET ; IPCC-AR6 ; SSP scenarios ; solar induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) ; winter wheat ; yield forecast ; random forest ; enhanced vegetation index (EVI) ; geographic distribution ; suitable habitat ; Rheum nanum ; MaxEnt ; ArcGIS ; range shifts ; climate scenario ; agriculture ; food security ; planting boundary ; crop modelling ; yield ; future climate scenarios ; soybean ; CROPWAT ; reference crop evapotranspiration (ET0) ; crop water requirement (ETc) ; irrigation water requirement (Ir) ; crop yield ; cultivated area ; water use ; wheat–corn ; DNDC ; net greenhouse effect ; anaerobic digestion ; biogas production ; k-nearest neighbours ; support vector machine ; middle and lower reaches of Yangtze River ; rice ; heat stress ; nitrous oxide ; soil gas flux ; silicone diffusion cell ; soil gas diffusivity ; passive gas sampling ; soil gas diffusion coefficient ; soil gas flux simulation ; carbon sequestration ; different scenarios ; land use ; sustainable development ; Xinjiang ; ETo ; yield response factor ; irrigation water requirement ; cotton ; GCMs ; CERES-rice model ; rice yield ; light and heat resource utilization ; potential evapotranspiration (ET0) ; Penman–Monteith ; sensitivity analysis ; contribution rate ; optimal irrigation ; sustainable irrigation ; water use efficiency ; North China Plain ; sugarcane ; SPEI ; waterlogging ; growth stage ; climatic yield ; yield prediction ; machine learning ; APSIM model ; climate indices ; range shift ; apple trees ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Advances in close-range and remote sensing technologies are driving innovations in forest resource assessments and monitoring on varying scales. Data acquired with airborne and spaceborne platforms provide high(er) spatial resolution, more frequent coverage, and more spectral information. Recent developments in ground-based sensors have advanced 3D measurements, low-cost permanent systems, and community-based monitoring of forests. The UNFCCC REDD+ mechanism has advanced the remote sensing community and the development of forest geospatial products that can be used by countries for the international reporting and national forest monitoring. However, an urgent need remains to better understand the options and limitations of remote and close-range sensing techniques in the field of forest degradation and forest change. Therefore, we invite scientists working on remote sensing technologies, close-range sensing, and field data to contribute to this Special Issue. Topics of interest include: (1) novel remote sensing applications that can meet the needs of forest resource information and REDD+ MRV, (2) case studies of applying remote sensing data for REDD+ MRV, (3) timeseries algorithms and methodologies for forest resource assessment on different spatial scales varying from the tree to the national level, and (4) novel close-range sensing applications that can support sustainable forestry and REDD+ MRV. We particularly welcome submissions on data fusion.
    Keywords: TD1-1066 ; T1-995 ; spectral ; Cameroon ; quantitative structural model ; digital hemispherical photograph (DHP) ; environment effects ; human activity ; reference level ; terrestrial laser scanning ; topographic effects ; Guyana ; predictive mapping ; aboveground biomass estimation ; geographic information system ; Pinus massoniana ; 3D tree modelling ; ensemble model ; destructive sampling ; model comparison ; topography ; remote sensing ; forest growing stock volume (GSV) ; local tree allometry ; tree mapping ; gray level co-occurrence matrix (GLCM) ; deforestation ; REDD+ ; sentinel imagery ; geographically weighted regression ; aboveground biomass ; random forest ; random forest (RF) ; silviculture ; agriculture ; crown density ; hazard mapping ; model evaluation ; old-growth forest ; full polarimetric SAR ; subtropical forest ; forest canopy ; forest classification ; low-accuracy estimation ; texture ; LiDAR ; Landsat ; phenology ; airborne laser scanning ; tall trees ; machine learning ; forest baseline ; overstory trees ; support vector machine ; above-ground biomass ; multispectral satellite imagery ; crown delineation ; specific leaf area ; forest inventory ; canopy cover (CC) ; voxelization ; forestry ; leaf area ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TQ Environmental science, engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This reprint contains 15 articles from the Special Issue of the MDPI journal Processes on "Machine Learning-Assisted Intelligent Processing and Optimization of Complex Systems". These articles focus on the most recent developments in intelligent optimization methods and their applications in various test cases. The reprint covers various topics, including distributed multiagent modeling, metaheuristic algorithms, multisource data fusion, mobile computing and mobile sensing, machine learning-based intelligent processing for modeling complex manufacturing systems, and data-driven intelligent modeling.Focusing on the abovementioned subjects, this reprint can be useful for researchers interested in intelligent optimization techniques and their applications in the fields of artificial intelligence and machine learning. We believe that this reprint will encourage the convergence between many communities.
    Keywords: Chilo suppressalis ; meteorological data ; time series analysis ; DeepAR ; deep learning ; integrated pest management ; text vectorization ; topic model ; pretrained model ; transfer learning ; drop impact ; maximum spreading diameter ; scaling laws ; analytical models ; machine learning ; agribusiness ; optimization of the production flow ; cold storage management ; endogenous fruits ; peaches ; lean tools ; 5S ; Kaizen ; Value Stream Mapping ; inappropriately wearing facemask ; mask detection ; UAV edge network ; popularity prediction ; cache strategy ; artificial bee colony ; turbulence ; passive scalar ; convolutional neural network ; estimating diffusion source distance ; leaking gas detection ; waste marble powder ; flexural strength ; support vector machines ; Gaussian processes ; ANFIS ; cross-domain ; MEC ; resource allocation ; IIOT ; knowledge graph ; knowledge structuring ; entity extraction methods ; asset administration shell ; process industry entity relationship networks ; Industry 5.0 ; human-centricity ; human-centred ; I5.0 technologies ; artificial intelligence ; robotics ; cyber-physical systems ; digitalization ; acoustic signal ; fault diagnosis ; adaptive multi-threshold segmentation ; subdomain adaptation ; variable speed condition ; local maximum mean discrepancy ; weed detection ; weed classification ; support decision-making algorithm ; fruit detection ; disease detection ; CNN ; performance metrics ; agriculture ; deep learning neural network ; process control ; hydraulic fracture ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KN Industry and industrial studies::KNT Media, entertainment, information and communication industries::KNTX Information technology industries ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: The papers published in this Special Issue “WP3—Innovation in Agriculture and Forestry Sector for Energetic Sustainability” bring together some of the latest research results in the field of biomass valorization and the process of energy production and climate change and other areas relevant to energetic sustainability [1–20]. Moreover, several works address the very important topic of evaluating the safety aspects for energy plant use [21–24]. Responses to our call generated the following statistics:• Submissions (21);• Publications (15);• Rejections (6);• Article types: research articles (13), reviews (2). Of the submitted papers, 15 have been successfully published as articles. Reviewing and selecting the papers for this Special Issue was very inspiring and rewarding. We also thank the editorial staff and reviewers for their efforts and help during the process. For better comprehension, the contributions to this Special Issue are divided into sections, as follows.
    Keywords: biomass waste ; gasification ; power generation ; internal combustion engine ; CHP ; Aspen Plus ; rotary dryer ; drying process ; thermal energy ; wood chips ; life cycle analysis ; environmental valuation ; biochar ; willow ; pig manure ; renewable energy ; biomass ; olive pomace ; combustion ; ORC ; working fluid ; beet tops ; rotary cutting device ; tractor ; oscillations ; differential equations ; optimal parameters ; biomass production ; greenhouse ; multiple environmental parameters ; interactive optimization scheme ; spatial distributed factors ; online–offline strategy ; CFD-EA ; chipping ; pellet ; poplar ; SRWC ; pelletization ; biomass quality ; energy quality ; horse skidding ; winch skidding ; cable yarder ; life cycle assessment ; societal assessment ; economic assessment ; multi-criteria decision analysis ; sustainable forest management ; innovation ; agriculture ; forestry ; energy ; sustainability ; updraft ; syngas ; oxidizing agent ; energy saving ; efficiency ; controlled environment ; agricultural residues ; market ; anaerobic digestion ; global warming potential ; externalities ; compost ; woody pellet ; agropellet ; quality ; standards ; blending ; sugar beet ; beet top cutting ; tractor–harvester aggregate ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-09
    Description: Fungal Nanotechnologies (FN) 1 and 2 provide updated and comprehensive information that deals with the green and sustainable production of metal- and organic-based nanostructures by various fungal species. Additionally, intracellular and extracellular mechanisms will be investigated, as well as fungal nanotechnology applications in the biomedical, environmental, and agri-food sectors. FN is still in its infant stage; therefore, many studies should be focused on this area. Plants, animal and humans will benefit greatly from this, and efficient and ecologically friendly approaches should be created.
    Keywords: aflatoxins ; Aspergillus section Flavi ; chitosan ; feeds ; nanocomposites ; fungal nanotechnology ; Trichoderma spp. ; ZnO nanoparticles ; antibacterial activity Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae ; co-cultivation ; secondary metabolites ; biotransformation ; biomineralization ; metal oxide nanoparticles ; nanoparticle dissolution ; nanoparticle mobility ; fungal leaching ; ecotoxicity ; nanomaterial ; nanosensors ; phytopathogens ; zinc ; endophytic bacteria ; silver nanoparticles ; Magnaporthe oryzae ; antifungal activity ; oyster mushroom ; application ; antibacterial ; anticancer ; antioxidant ; nanohybrids ; polymer-metal composites ; antifungal ; postharvest ; Fusarium ; synthesis ; nanoparticles ; mechanism ; medicine ; agriculture ; nanofactory ; toxicity ; copper (I) iodide ; composites ; atomic force microscopy ; Vicia faba ; plant disease ; root rot ; R. solani ; Se-NPs ; nano-biosynthesis ; plant promotion ; metal oxides ; nano-fungicides ; pathogenic fungi ; protein profiling ; radical scavenging activity ; resistance ; homeostasis ; fungal–metal interaction ; lichen ; green synthesis ; eco-friendly ; antimicrobial ; MgO-NPs ; optimization ; mosquitocidal and repellence activity ; tannery effluents ; chromium ion ; nanoantifungal ; mycotoxin degradation ; theragnostic ; veterinary ; n/a ; bamboo ; Ag/TiO2 ; visible light photoactivity ; energy storage ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-01
    Description: This book on "Worker and Public Health and Safety: Current Views" brings together current scholarly work and opinions in the form of original papers and reviews related to this field of study. It provides important and recent scientific reading as well as topical medical and occupational information and research in areas of immediate relevance, such as chronic and occupational diseases, worker safety and performance, job strain, workload, injuries, accident and errors, risks and management, fitness, burnout, psychological and mental disorders including stress, therapy, job satisfaction, musculoskeletal symptoms and pain, socio-economic factors, dust pollution, pesticides, noise, pathogens, and related areas.
    Keywords: aberrant driving behaviour ; accident involvement ; taxi drivers ; driver behaviour questionnaire ; asbestos ; domestic ; environmental ; health impact survey ; household ; Korea ; neighbor ; roof ; slate ; non-standard work ; metabolic syndrome ; Korean workers ; socioeconomic status ; sex ; care workers’ intention to leave ; nursing homes for the elderly ; psychosocial factors ; musculoskeletal complaints ; impaired well-being ; failure mode and effects analysis ; medical failure ; novel data-driven approach ; data envelopment analysis ; healthcare ; workplace injuries ; spinal trauma ; record-linkage data ; coffee workers ; dust exposure ; Ethiopia ; lung function ; respiratory symptoms ; return-to-work ; vocational rehabilitation ; multidisciplinary rehabilitation ; chronic pain ; mental illness ; sick leave ; work performance ; oral health ; intervention study ; behavioral modification ; stress ; stress management ; human resources ; executives ; physiology ; health ; technology ; business ; occupational disease ; socioeconomic position ; incapacity for work ; reserves ; part-time ; military ; health and safety ; defence ; injury ; sickness absence ; public workers ; university ; psychosocial work environment ; occupational health ; health workers ; mental health ; nursing ; depression ; anxiety ; obesity ; labor market performance ; job qualifications ; young adults ; work safety ; work errors forestry ; injury rate ; offshore wind industry ; reconciliation of offshore work and family life/partnership ; coping strategies ; psychosocial adaptation ; qualitative analysis ; correction workers ; exhaustion ; psychosocial and behavioral factors ; Bayesian Network ; Total Worker Health® ; occupational health and safety ; risk assessment ; chemical risks ; occupational exposure ; pesticides ; occupational risk management ; olive orchards ; sound localization ; level-dependent hearing protectors ; back-up alarm ; directivity of hearing ; impulse noise ; earmuffs ; earplugs ; auditory danger signal ; warning signal ; safety at work ; oil and gas ; overexertion ; sleep ; shift ; workload ; questionnaire ; agriculture ; injury risk ; occupational safety ; road sign comprehension ; slope angle ; warning sign ; ergonomics ; forestry ; postural risk assessment ; RULA ; REBA ; wood-chipper ; nurses ; emotional labor ; anger ; needlestick injuries ; sharp injury ; health care workers ; risk factors ; knowledge ; behaviors ; underreporting ; hospitals ; Poland ; work-related cerebrovascular and cardiovascular diseases ; occupation ; Poisson regression ; rate ratio ; aerobic fitness ; body drag ; fence climb ; foot pursuit ; job-specific ; law enforcement officer ; obstacle course ; police ; tactical ; manual materials handling ; electromyography (EMG) ; motor control ; experience ; electrocardiography ; kinematics ; audiometry ; occupational ; noise-induced hearing loss ; hearing threshold ; exposed ; iron and steel ; Tanzania ; transformational leadership ; safety behavior ; job strain ; self-efficacy regarding safety ; moderated mediation model ; burnout ; construct validity ; MBI ; industry ; work-related injuries ; record linkage data ; cost ; rehabilitation ; complications ; unmet needs ; unplanned readmissions ; public health ; health promotion ; social class ; health inequalities ; satisfaction with care ; nursing care ; child ; parents ; organisational climate ; role stress ; employee’ well-being ; public administration ; manual cultivation ; job characterization ; efficiency ; cardiovascular workload ; work intensity ; risk of musculoskeletal disorders ; occupational safety and health ; psychological distance ; public response ; response gap ; law enforcement ; load carriage ; chase ; body armor ; nontuberculous mycobacteria ; pneumoconiosis ; waist circumference ; emotional exhaustion ; personal accomplishment ; Mexico ; physical activity ; demographic factors ; social factors ; working age ; city ; population studies ; temporary worker ; eating behaviors ; meal skipping ; eating alone ; global health ; legislation ; psychosocial hazard ; public health policy ; workplace violence ; follow-up ; video display terminal ; visual fatigue ; refractive disorders ; gynecology ; meta-analysis ; obstetrics ; prevalence ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBF Social and ethical issues
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-12-06
    Description: The agri-market is one of the core sectors of the economy, responsible for producing goods and the fulfilment of nutritional needs. It includes agriculture, which produces food, and the food industry, which involves processing agricultural products. Therefore, it is crucial to analyze the development of agri-markets on both local and international scales. International trade is an important factor affecting the availability of agri-food products. Consequently, it is also important to evaluate economic factors and their roles in the development of a region. This Special Issue aims to solicit original contributions from academics, practitioners and other stakeholders, providing theoretical and empirical analyses focusing on agricultural markets and rural development. The editor encourages submissions that present applications of statistical analysis, case studies, and novel methodologies from parametric and non-parametric related to the topic of the Special Issue. The scope of submission includes original research and review articles on the theme.
    Keywords: economy ; sustainable development ; wine routes ; Axarquía ; rural tourism ; economic sociology ; geographical indication ; European Union ; Mercosur ; market arena ; e-retail ; comparative approach ; import risks ; agricultural products ; agro-trade ; food import ; SAW ; TOPSIS ; geometric means ; financial autonomy ; TOPSIS method ; rural municipalities ; municipal firms ; business ; economic evaluation ; local self-government ; cassava price ; volatility ; Bayesian ; GARCH-X ; Thailand ; correlation ; detrended cross-correlation analysis ; meat prices ; time series ; agriculture ; fruit products ; tariff rate quota ; welfare ; trade policy ; TRQ administration ; palm oil price ; domestic shocks ; foreign shocks ; Malaysia ; SVAR model ; interest-free community investment fund ; rural women empowerment ; case study ; logit model ; endogenous stochastic frontier ; crop insurance ; viticulture ; spatial integration ; market ; cointegration ; milk ; dairy products ; Poland ; Czechia ; Common Market Organization ; wine ; third countries ; measure of promotion ; wineries ; Common Agricultural Policy ; Indigofera spp. cultivation ; indigo paste production ; economic contribution ; land suitability ; development strategy ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics & emerging economies
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Following on from the Special Issue “Recent Advances and Contribution of Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Applications for Agricultural Monitoring”, we concluded that SAR has now become a pivotal sensor for agricultural monitoring. In this Special Issue, you will find a variety of background material discussing SAR and its applications. Several papers focused on using machine learning approaches with SAR to monitor crop stages and classify crops, while others focused on the polarimetric mode to estimate crop height. Going forward, we hope that you will find this Special Issue to be a useful reference.
    Keywords: monsoon cropland ; Sentinel ; smallholders ; Google Earth Engine ; SAR ; India ; tropical agricultural monitoring ; canopy development analysis ; phenology retrieval ; Sentinel-1 ; multitemporal SAR ; multi-task machine learning ; crop development ; remote sensing ; productivity indicators ; wheat ; growth dynamics ; synthetic aperture radar ; Sentinel-1A ; rice detection ; time-series data ; rice growth-related features ; crop height ; RADARSAT-2 ; corn ; Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) ; PolSAR ; machine learning ; RFR ; SVR ; agriculture ; temporal composite ; object-oriented ; crop classification ; crop monitoring ; polarimetry ; decomposition ; field variability ; crop parameters ; multitemporal analysis ; crop identification ; parcel-based classification ; Common Agricultural Policy ; dual-pol ; crop characterization ; phenology ; unsupervised classification ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-10-25
    Description: Functional nutrition is deeply connected with healthy lifestyle and sustainable food production, due to its positive health benefits and the use of economically underexplored and natural raw materials. Expectedly, it appeals to large number of interested consumers while becoming lucrative segment of the food industry with a fast-growing market fueled by new sociodemographic trends. Accordingly, functional juices and beverages made of indigenous fruits are interesting niche for various food market stakeholders. Here, biologically active compounds (BACs) and probiotics that have positive health effects in functional foods (juices) are mostly thermolabile. This is especially important for industry that still employs classical heat treatments (e.g., pasteurization), while being concerned with degradation of food quality in the final products. To prevent this, focus is on designing economic and ecological technologies that are able to preserve nutritional and sensory quality while maintaining microbiological stability in products. Such approaches are based on low-energy consumption and low-impact processing, e.g. “hurdle technology” that combines advanced and conventional methods (e.g., high-power ultrasound, pulse electric field). Food design is another important focus point for consumers’ sensory appeal and economic success of foods. Hence, technologies as 3D food printing can be particularly useful for manufacturing. Based on the above, presented topics are relevant to sustainable functional food production, functional fruit juices, BACs, “hurdle technology,” advanced food processing, 3D food printing, and authentic fruits.
    Keywords: dehydration ; conserving vegetables ; improving shelf-life ; rehydrated pepper ; histological preparation ; green practices ; meat analogue ; liquid additives ; soy protein isolate ; lecithin ; emulsion ; functional fruit juice ; hurdle technology ; non-thermal processing ; preservation ; quality ; probiotic ; fruit by-products ; lulo bagasse powder ; fiber ; antioxidant properties ; carotenoids ; cocoa shell ; high voltage electrical discharge ; tannin ; dietary fiber ; water binding capacity ; grindability ; traditional ; slow ; pressure and microwave cooking ; polyphenols ; antioxidant activity ; faba bean ; lentil ; pea ; probiotic safety ; toxicity ; pathogenicity ; functional food industry ; pharmacological interactions ; functional fruit juices ; mushroom ; vitamin D ; reducing capacity ; glycation ; Lactuca sativa ; metabolomics ; antioxidants ; eustress ; total soluble solids ; particle size distribution ; total anthocyanin content ; antioxidant capacity ; non-dairy beverages ; pulses ; chickpea ; lupin ; flow behavior ; animal and plant proteins ; computer vision system ; nutritional value ; texture ; water activity ; viscosity ; microstructure ; heavy metals ; amino acids ; pesticide ; fruit wastes ; vegetable wastes ; drying ; extraction ; intensification technologies ; phenolic acids ; food processing ; minimally processed foods ; UHLPC-MS/MS ; sous-vide cooking ; vegetables ; seafood ; cephalopods ; safety ; nutritive quality ; beetroot ; convective drying ; infrared drying ; purée ; Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy ; confocal scanning microscopy ; fruit juice ; interaction ; drug ; phytochemical ; pharmacokinetics ; ginger ; pineapple ; turmeric ; juice mix ; physicochemical properties ; microbiological quality ; sensory attributes ; Diospyros kaki ; post-harvest losses ; dehydrated persimmon ; thin-layer modeling ; drying rate ; old apple cultivar ; biologically active compounds ; functional food ; agriculture ; extensive farming ; bisphosphonates ; SERMs ; food ; supplements ; bioavailability ; meal ; coffee ; juice ; mineral water ; edible mushroom ; nutrition ; phenolic compounds ; vacuum ; poria cubes ; optimization ; stage drying ; n/a ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In recent decades, independent national and international research programs have revealed possible reasons behind the death of managed honey bee colonies worldwide. Such losses are not due to a single factor, but instead are due to highly complex interactions between various internal and external influences, including pests, pathogens, honey bee stock diversity, and environmental changes. Reduced honey bee vitality and nutrition, exposure to agrochemicals, and the quality of colony management contribute to reduced colony survival in beekeeping operations. Our Special Issue (SI) on ‘’Monitoring of Honey Bee Colony Losses” aims to address the specific challenges that honey bee researchers and beekeepers face. This SI includes four reviews, with one being a meta-analysis that identifies gaps in the current and future directions for research into honey bee colonies’ mortalities. Other review articles include studies regarding the impact of numerous factors on honey bee mortality, including external abiotic factors (e.g., winter conditions and colony management) as well as biotic factors such as attacks by Vespa velutina and Varroa destructor.
    Keywords: Apis mellifera ; honey bee colony losses ; biotic factors ; abiotic factors ; varroa mite detection ; diagnosis ; infestation ; mortality ; control ; organic treatment ; Apis cerana ; agriculture ; forests ; home garden ; neonicotinoid ; Tetragonula laeviceps ; Vespa velutina ; alien driver ; honey bee ; damage ; pollinator ; populations under study ; biological effects ; stress ; experimental methods ; techniques ; honey bees ; Varroa destructor ; experimental apiaries ; varroacidal efficacy ; VMP ; honeybee mortality incidents ; pesticide ; survey ; LC-MS/MS ; GC-MS/MS ; hydroxymethylfurfural ; cell death ; immunohistochemistry ; Nosema ceranae ; corn ; honeybee colony ; monitoring hive ; neonicotinoids ; oilseed rape ; sunflower ; varroa control ; colony losses ; forage ; beekeeping ; citizen science ; overwintering ; monitoring ; honey bee diseases ; stressors ; pathology ; honey bee mortalities ; colonies management ; BPMN ; hives monitoring ; IoT ; modeling & simulation ; interoperability ; sensors ; honeybee behavior ; Industry 4.0 ; workflow ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TC Biochemical engineering::TCB Biotechnology
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-28
    Description: Precipitation is a well-recognized pillar in the global water and energy balances. The accurate and timely understanding of its characteristics at the global, regional and local scales is indispensable for a clearer insight on the mechanisms underlying the Earth’s atmosphere-ocean complex system. Precipitation is one of the elements that is documented to be greatly affected by climate change. In its various forms, precipitation comprises the primary source of freshwater, which is vital for the sustainability of almost all human activities. Its socio-economic significance is fundamental in managing this natural resource effectively, in applications ranging from irrigation to industrial and household usage. Remote sensing of precipitation is pursued through a broad spectrum of continuously enriched and upgraded instrumentation, embracing sensors which can be ground-based (e.g., weather radars), satellite-borne (e.g., passive or active space-borne sensors), underwater (e.g., hydrophones), aerial, or ship-borne. This volume hosts original research contributions on several aspects of remote sensing of precipitation, including applications which embrace the use of remote sensing in tackling issues such as precipitation estimation, seasonal characteristics of precipitation and frequency analysis, assessment of satellite precipitation products, storm prediction, rain microphysics and microstructure, and the comparison of satellite and numerical weather prediction precipitation products.
    Keywords: Northern China ; raindrop size distribution (DSD) ; microphysical processes ; quantitative precipitation estimation (QPE) ; satellite-based precipitation ; elevation ; extreme events ; IMERG-V05B and V06A ; MSWEP ; ERA5 ; SM2RAIN ; precipitation estimation ; soil moisture ; SM2RAIN-CCI ; SM2RAIN-ASCAT ; multi-satellite precipitation analysis (TMPA) ; error decomposition ; complex topography ; diverse climate ; gauge data ; IMERG ; TAHMO ; morphing ; field displacement ; TIGGE ; precipitation ; numerical weather prediction ; satellite ; flood ; spring 2019 ; Iran ; GPM IMERG ; satellite precipitation ; spatiotemporal analysis ; statistical distribution ; validation ; Mainland China ; GSMaP_NRT ; GSMaP_Gauge_NRT ; raindrop size distribution ; radar reflectivity ; raindrop spectrometer ; semi-arid area ; assessment ; Taiwan ; data assimilation ; WRF model ; high-impact rainfall events ; GNSS ZTD ; optimum interpolation ; geographically weighted regression ; downscaling ; Tianshan Mountains ; satellite precipitation products ; evaluation ; daily rainfall ; hourly rainfall ; GPM ; TRMM ; GNSS ; GNSS antenna ; receiver antenna calibration ; relative calibration ; Phase Center Variation ; U-blox ; goGPS ; Zenith Tropospheric Delay ; ZED-F9P ; GSMaP ; Nepal ; cloud radar ; thunderstorm ; LDR ; hydrometeor ; hydrometeor classification ; lightning ; discharge ; remote sensing ; SEVIRI ; ground radar ; precipitation interpolation ; geographically and temporally weighted regression ; time weight function ; geographically and temporally weighted regression kriging ; extreme rainfall ; polarimetric radar signatures ; quantitative precipitation estimation ; southern china ; reanalysis ; linear trends ; mainland China ; EDBF algorithm ; geospatial predictor ; spatial pattern ; weighted precipitation ; Cyprus ; bias correction ; object-based method ; storm events ; Thies ; disdrometer ; weather circulations ; convective ; stratiform ; rain spectra ; radar reflectivity–rain rate relationship ; gridded precipitation products ; abrupt changes ; trends ; statistical indicators ; agriculture ; Pakistan ; rainfall ; radar ; extreme precipitation ; spatial bootstrap ; Louisiana ; annual maxima ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::G Reference, Information and Interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research and information: general
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2022-08-12
    Description: The international concept of food security is a situation where all people have physical, social, and economic access at all times to sufficient, safe, and nutritious food that meets their dietary needs and food preferences for an active and healthy life. All four parameters (availability, access, utilization, and stability) should therefore be measured to determine food security status.Taking into account these premises, this book aims to present original research articles and reviews concerning the following: Agriculture and food security; Agri-tourism and its potential to assist with food security; Business–science cooperation to advance food security; Competing demands and tradeoffs for land and water resources; Consumer behavior, nutritional security and food assistance programs; Food and health; Global and local analyses of food security and its drivers; Global governance and food security; Infectious and non-infectious diseases and food security; Reducing food loss and waste; Reducing risks to food production and distribution from climate change; Supply chains and food security; Technological breakthroughs to help feed the globe; Tourism food security relationship; Urbanization, food value chains, and the sustainable, secure sourcing of food; Food and service quality at food catering establishments; Consumer behavior at foodservice operations (restaurants, cafés, hotels).
    Keywords: adolescents ; children ; food safety ; hygiene practices ; low-income ; risk perception ; climate change ; food security ; reindeer herding ; reindeer losses ; overgrazing ; traditional nutrition ; health risks ; Arctic Indigenous Peoples ; Yamal-Nenets Autonomous Okrug ; Melaleuca bracteata ; essential oil ; hydrodistillation ; eugenol methyl ether ; antioxidant ; antimicrobial ; gastronomy ; livelihood ; public healthcare ; traditional knowledge ; wild food plants ; valleys of the Hindu Kush mountain range ; clustering ; correlation ; fat ; protein ; starch ; sugar ; specific gravity ; university foodservice attributes ; importance–performance analysis (IPA) ; international students ; Malaysian research universities ; dual processing theory ; SNS information attribute ; satisfaction ; brand attitude ; sustainable use intention ; participatory ; learning ; critical ; legal ; theory ; integral ; ecology ; relational ; negative affect ; affect regulation ; maladaptive eating behavior ; normal weight ; systematic review ; reindeer meat ; macro- and microelement analysis ; adaptation ; Arctic population ; meta-analysis ; agricultural biotechnology ; new plant breeding technique ; NPBT ; consumers’ attitude ; machine learning ; data mining ; migration ; rural arctic population ; sustainable development ; Yamal–Nenets Autonomous Okrug ; agriculture ; consumer behavior ; food habits ; food industry and technology ; food policy ; food safety and quality ; nutritional diseases ; tourism ; service quality at restaurants/cafés/hotels ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GP Research & information: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PS Biology, life sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFC Cultural studies::JFCV Food & society
    Language: English
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  • 73
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: In recent years, the increasing consumer concern towards food safety, environmental sustainability and social justice issues have stimulated new consumption practices more oriented towards social, economic and environmental sustainability. These include the growing consumers' preferences towards organic food, local food, and other sustainable foods and beverages consumption, as well as the spread of alternative distribution chains, which emphasize the short-distance transportation of food and the direct relationship between consumers and producers. In addition, these sustainable consumption practices seem also to involve tourist destination choices, rural tourism and gastronomy interest. This Special Issue aims to contribute to the literature on sustainable consumption practices by enriching discussions on consumers experiences and by emphasizing the motivational and demographic factors as well as the cultural and situational factors that guide consumer behaviour towards these practices.
    Keywords: gastronomy ; local food ; cultural experience ; social and environmental sustainability ; rural development ; food consumption ; organic consumer market ; emotional factors ; health consciousness ; consumers’ trust ; labeling system ; consumer behavior ; bio food ; urban person ; ecological alimentary products ; health ; consumers ; symbolic systems ; Romania ; natural product ; traditional product ; countryside product ; local product ; consumer attitudes ; meat consumption ; environment ; sustainability ; meatless diets ; meat avoidance ; dietary behavior change ; global warming ; climate change ; farmers’ market ; product performance ; relational capital ; repurchase intention ; subjective well-being ; social farming ; food ; agriculture ; consumer demand ; disability ; discrete choice experiment ; eggs ; sustainable agriculture ; local entrepreneurship ; regional products ; empirical research ; health concern ; sustainable food ; organic food ; extra virgin olive oil ; organic attributes ; health attribute ; sustainable diet ; algae ; Caulerpa ; research for development ; RDI ; livelihood ; Pacific ; nutrition ; NCDs ; beverages ; consumer ; food-related lifestyles ; segmentation ; minimally processed food ; fresh-cut fruits ; consumer decision-making ; plant-based ; sustainable ; meat alternatives ; plant protein ; flexitarian ; vegan ; vegetarian ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KJ Business and Management::KJC Business strategy
    Language: English
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  • 74
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2023-08-17
    Description: environment; food; agriculture; policy; global food systems
    Keywords: global food systems ; policy ; agriculture ; food ; environment ; KNDF ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KN Industry & industrial studies::KND Manufacturing industries::KNDF Food manufacturing & related industries
    Language: English
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  • 75
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    MDPI - Multidisciplinary Digital Publishing Institute
    Publication Date: 2024-03-30
    Description: This Special Issue contains articles include, but not limited to, empirical, analytical, or design-oriented approaches to the following topics: Monitoring of carrying capacity and mechanisms for managing tourist flows in rural areas; Systems and tools to measure the social, economic, and environmental sustainability of rural tourism; Integration between public tourism policies and private strategies in the promotion and implementation of sustainable practices; Policies for promoting public participation in the planning and development of sustainable rural tourism; The impacts of tourism on traditional agricultural activities; Identity enhancement of the territory and its productions; "Good practices" in the implementation of rural tourism sustainability.
    Keywords: rural revitalization ; rural tourism ; heritage preservation ; cinema ; filmic discourses ; rural areas ; landscapes ; gendered interpretation ; territorial identity ; Camino de Santiago ; sustainability ; landscape ; brand equity ; organic agriculture ; peripheral areas ; local development ; heritagisation ; sustainable rural tourism ; stakeholders ; disaffected citizens ; sustainable development ; Triple Bottom Line ; rural development ; agriculture ; sustainability matrix ; cultural ecosystem services ; ecosystem ; Nemunas Delta ; Curonian Lagoon ; permaculture ; downshifting ; development ; local resources ; marginal areas ; National Strategy for Inner Areas (SNAI ; Strategia Nazionale per le Aree Interne) ; sustainable local development ; experiential tourism ; Romania ; case study ; territorial valorization ; rural hospitality services ; Transylvania ; sport ; tourism ; “borgo” ; tourism development ; rural area ; sustainable tourism ; periurban ; multifunctional agriculture ; periurban parks ; n/a ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics::KCM Development economics and emerging economies
    Language: English
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  • 76
    Publication Date: 2024-01-26
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉The increasing demand for biomass for food, animal feed, fibre and bioenergy requires optimization of soil productivity, while at the same time, protecting other soil functions such as nutrient cycling and buffering, carbon storage, habitat for biological activity and water filter and storage. Therefore, one of the main challenges for sustainable agriculture is to produce high yields while maintaining all the other soil functions. Mechanistic simulation models are an essential tool to fully understand and predict the complex interactions between physical, biological and chemical processes of soils that generate those functions. We developed a soil model to simulate the impact of various agricultural management options and climate change on soil functions by integrating the relevant processes mechanistically and in a systemic way. As a special feature, we include the dynamics of soil structure induced by tillage and biological activity, which is especially relevant in arable soils. The model operates on a 1D soil profile consisting of a number of discrete layers with dynamic thickness. We demonstrate the model performance by simulating crop growth, root growth, nutrient and water uptake, nitrogen cycling, soil organic matter turnover, microbial activity, water distribution and soil structure dynamics in a long‐term field experiment including different crops and different types and levels of fertilization. The model is able to capture essential features that are measured regularly including crop yield, soil organic carbon, and soil nitrogen. In this way, the plausibility of the implemented processes and their interactions is confirmed. Furthermore, we present the results of explorative simulations comparing scenarios with and without tillage events to analyse the effect of soil structure on soil functions. Since the model is process‐based, we are confident that the model can also be used to predict quantities that have not been measured or to estimate the effect of management measures and climate states not yet been observed. The model thus has the potential to predict the site‐specific impact of management decisions on soil functions, which is of great importance for the development of a sustainable agriculture that is currently also on the agenda of the ‘Green Deal’ at the European level.〈/p〉
    Description: Bundesministerium für Bildung und Forschung http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100002347
    Description: https://git.ufz.de/bodium/bodium_v1.0
    Keywords: ddc:631.4 ; agriculture ; computational model ; simulation ; soil microbiology ; soil structure ; sustainable soil
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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  • 77
    Publication Date: 2024-03-18
    Description: 〈title xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML"〉Abstract〈/title〉〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Temperature and soil moisture are known to control pesticide mineralization. Half‐life times (DT〈sub〉50〈/sub〉) derived from pesticide mineralization curves generally indicate longer residence times at low soil temperature and moisture but do not consider potential changes in the microbial allocation of pesticide‐derived carbon (C). We aimed to determine carbon use efficiency (CUE, formation of new biomass relative to total C uptake) to better understand microbial utilization of pesticide‐derived C under different environmental conditions and to support the conventional description of degradation dynamics based on mineralization. We performed a microcosm experiment at two MCPA (2‐methyl‐4‐chlorophenoxyacetic acid) concentrations (1 and 20 mg kg〈sup〉−1〈/sup〉) and defined 20°C/pF 1.8 as optimal and 10°C/pF 3.5 as limiting environmental conditions. After 4 weeks, 70% of the initially applied MCPA was mineralized under optimal conditions but MCPA mineralization reached less than 25% under limiting conditions. However, under limiting conditions, an increase in CUE was observed, indicating a shift towards anabolic utilization of MCPA‐derived C. In this case, increased C assimilation implied C storage or the formation of precursor compounds to support resistance mechanisms, rather than actual growth since we did not find an increase in the 〈italic toggle="no"〉tfdA〈/italic〉 gene relevant to MCPA degradation. We were able to confirm the assumption that under limiting conditions, C assimilation increases relative to mineralization and that C redistribution, may serve as an explanation for the difference between mineralization and MCPA dissipation‐derived degradation dynamics. In addition, by introducing CUE to the temperature‐ and moisture‐dependent degradation of pesticides, we can capture the underlying microbial constraints and adaptive mechanisms to changing environmental conditions.〈/p〉
    Description: 〈p xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xml:lang="en"〉Changing environmental conditions alter the MCPA degradation dynamics and the allocation of pesticide‐derived carbon to anabolic or catabolic metabolism.〈boxed-text position="anchor" content-type="graphic" id="ejss13417-blkfxd-0001" xml:lang="en"〉 〈graphic position="anchor" id="jats-graphic-1" xlink:href="urn:x-wiley:13510754:media:ejss13417:ejss13417-toc-0001"〉 〈/graphic〉 〈/boxed-text〉〈/p〉
    Description: Collaborative Research Center 1253 CAMPOS (DFG)
    Description: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft http://dx.doi.org/10.13039/501100001659
    Description: DFG Priority Program 2322 “Soil System”
    Description: Ellrichshausen Foundation
    Description: Research Training Group “Integrated Hydrosystem modeling”
    Description: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5081655
    Keywords: ddc:631.4 ; anabolism ; carbon use efficiency ; catabolism ; effect of soil moisture and temperature ; gene‐centric process model ; MCPA biodegradation
    Language: English
    Type: doc-type:article
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