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  • 04.06. Seismology
  • Creep observations and analysis
  • Triticum aestivum
  • Springer  (56)
  • Elsevier  (14)
  • Wiley-AGU  (5)
  • EGU - Copernicus
  • Wiley
  • 2020-2024  (28)
  • 2000-2004  (48)
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Keywords
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Years
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  • 1
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    Liquefaction source layer for sand blows induced by the 2016 megathrust earthquake (Mw 7.8) in Ecuador (Boca de Briceño) (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-24
    Description: Numerous sand boils were generated in the alluvial plain at the mouth of the Rio Brice˜no valley (Ecuador) during the Mw 7.8 earthquake of April 2016. The area is characterized by a series of raised marine terraces formed as a consequence of the rapid tectonic coastal uplift during the Quaternary. Boreholes and geotechnical investigations were carried during post-earthquake surveys and for the purpose of mitigating the liquefaction effects. Five lithological units were identified at a site of embankment, which represented continental-marine and transitional sedimentation since the Last Glacial Maximum. A comprehensive study of texture and petrographic composition of sand boils has been performed and compared with sandy silts and silty sands of the buried sedimentary sequence in order to identify the source levels for liquefaction. The petrographic components, in particular the low content of bioclasts and carbonate fragments of the sand boils, allow to pinpoint a source layer made up of fine-grained silty sands located between 2 and 4.5 m depth (Unit 2) whereas the deeper marine sands, richer in bioclasts, were not involved. The results support the idea that earthquake-induced liquefaction phenomena are not restricted to clean sands and well-sorted deposits, but may affect sand layers with significant amount of nonplastic silt.
    Description: Published
    Description: 102737
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Earthquake-induced liquefaction ; Sand blows ; Ecuadorian coast ; Sand composition ; Holocene depositional sequences ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
    Type: article
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  • 2
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    Stick-slip vs. stable sliding fault behaviour: A case-study using a multidisciplinary approach in the volcanic region of Mt. Etna (Italy) (2020)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: In active volcanic zones, fault dynamics is considerably fast but it is often difficult to separate the pattern of nearly continuous large-scale volcanic processes (inflation/deflation processes, flank instability) from impulsive episodes such as dyke intrusions or coseismic fault displacements. At Etna, multidisciplinary studies on active faults whose activity does not strictly depend on volcanic processes, are relatively few. Here we present the case-study of the San Leonardello fault, an active structure located in the eastern flank of Mt. Etna characterised by a well-known seismic history. This fault saw renewed activity in May 2009, when pre-seismic creeping along the southern segment preceded an MW 4.0 earthquake in the northern segment, followed by some twenty-five aftershocks. Later, in March–April 2016, creep events reactivated the southern section of the same fault. Both the seismic and aseismic phenomena were recorded by the seismic and GNSS networks of INGV-Osservatorio Etneo, and produced surface faulting that left a footprint in the pattern of ground deformation detected by the InSAR measurements. We demonstrate that the integration of multidisciplinary data collected for volcano surveillance may shed light on different aspects of fault dynamics, and allow understanding how coseismic slip and creep alternate in space and time along the strike. Moreover, we use findings from our independent datasets to propose a conceptual model of the San Leonardello fault, taking into account behaviour and previous constraints from fault-based seismic hazard analyses. Although the faulting mechanisms described here occur at a very small scale compared with those of a purely tectonic setting, this case-study may represent a perfect natural lab for improving knowledge of seismogenic processes, also in other fault zones characterised by stick slip vs. stablesliding fault behaviour.
    Description: Published
    Description: 228554
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Fault ; Earthquake ; Creep ; Seismotectonics ; Behaviour ; Mt. Etna volcano ; 04.07. Tectonophysics ; 04.06. Seismology ; 04.03. Geodesy
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 3
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    PICOSS: Python Interface for the Classification of Seismic Signals (2021)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-10-26
    Description: Over the last decade machine learning has become increasingly popular for the analysis and characterization of volcano-seismic data. One of the requirements for the application of machine learning methods to the problem of classifying seismic time series is the availability of a training dataset; that is a suite of reference signals, with known classification used for initial validation of the machine outcome. Here, we present PICOSS (Python Interface for the Classification of Seismic Signals), a modular data-curator platform for volcano-seismic data analysis, including detection, segmentation and classification. PICOSS has exportability and standardization at its core; users can select automatic or manual workflows to select and label seismic data from a comprehensive suite of tools, including deep neural networks. The modular implementation of PICOSS includes a portable and intuitive graphical user interface to facilitate essential data labelling tasks for large-scale volcano seismic studies.
    Description: Published
    Description: 104531
    Description: 8T. Sismologia in tempo reale
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Volcanoes ; Software ; Classification ; Segmentation ; Detection ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 4
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    A new approach to construct 3-D crustal shear-wave velocity models: method description and application to the Central Alps (2023)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-21
    Description: We develop a new inversion approach to construct a 3-D structural and shear-wave velocity model of the crust based on teleseismic P-to-S converted waves. The proposed approach does not require local earthquakes such as body wave tomography, nor a large aperture seismic network such as ambient noise tomography, but a three-component station network with spacing similar to the expected crustal thickness. The main features of the new method are: (1) a novel model parametrization with 3-D mesh nodes that are fixed in the horizontal directions but can flexibly vary vertically; (2) the implementation of both sharp velocity changes across discontinuities and smooth gradients; (3) an accurate ray propagator that respects Snell’s law in 3-D at any interface geometry. Model parameters are inverted using a stochastic method composed of simulated annealing followed by a pattern search algorithm. The first application is carried out over the Central Alps, where long-standing permanent and the temporary AlpArray Seismic Network stations provide an ideal coverage. For this study we invert 4 independent parameters, which are the Moho discontinuity depth, the Conrad discontinuity depth, the P-velocity change at the Conrad and the average Vp/Vs of the crust. The 3-D inversion results clearly image the roots of the Alpine orogen, including the Ivrea Geophysical Body. The lower crust's thickness appears fairly constant. Average crustal Vp/Vs ratios are relatively higher beneath the orogen, and a low-Vp/Vs area in the northern foreland seems to correlate with lower crustal earthquakes, which can be related to mechanical differences in rock properties, probably inherited. Our results are in agreement with those found by 3-D ambient noise tomography, though our method inherently performs better at localizing discontinuities. Future developments of this technique can incorporate joint inversions, as well as more efficient parameter space exploration.
    Description: Published
    Description: 529 - 562
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Computational seismology ; Receiver functions  ; Inverse theory ; Crustal imaging ; Central Alps ; 05.01. Computational geophysics ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 5
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    Slab Geometry and Upper Mantle Flow Patterns in the Central Mediterranean From 3D Anisotropic P-Wave Tomography (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-21
    Description: We present the first three-dimensional (3D) anisotropic teleseismic P-wave tomography model of the upper mantle covering the entire Central Mediterranean. Compared to isotropic tomography, it is found that including the magnitude, azimuth, and, importantly, dip of seismic anisotropy in our inversions simplifies isotropic heterogeneity by reducing the magnitude of slow anomalies while yielding anisotropy patterns that are consistent with regional tectonics. The isotropic component of our preferred tomography model is dominated by numerous fast anomalies associated with retreating, stagnant, and detached slab segments. In contrast, relatively slower mantle structure is related to slab windows and the opening of back-arc basins. To better understand the complexities in slab geometry and their relationship to surface geological phenomenon, we present a 3D reconstruction of the main Central Mediterranean slabs down to 700 km based on our anisotropic model. P-wave seismic anisotropy is widespread in the Central Mediterranean upper mantle and is strongest at 200-300 km depth. The anisotropy patterns are interpreted as the result of asthenospheric material flowing primarily horizontally around the main slabs in response to pressure exerted by their mid-to-late Cenezoic horizontal motion, while sub-vertical anisotropy possibly reflects asthenospheric entrainment by descending lithosphere. Our results highlight the importance of anisotropic P-wave imaging for better constraining regional upper mantle geodynamics.
    Description: This study is supported by the ERC StG 758199 NEWTON.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2021JB023488
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Central Mediterranean ; P‐wave tomography ; mantle dynamics ; seismic anisotropy ; slab geometry ; subduction zone ; 04.01. Earth Interior ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 6
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    Surface‐Wave Tomography of the Central‐Western Mediterranean: New Insights Into the Liguro‐Provençal and Tyrrhenian Basins (2023)
    Wiley-AGU
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-21
    Description: The complex tectonic setting of the central-western Mediterranean has interested geoscientists for decades, but its geodynamic evolution remains a matter of debate. We rely on 807 seismometers from southern Europe and northern Africa to measure Rayleigh and Love phase velocities in the period range ∼5–200 s, based on teleseismic earthquakes and seismic ambient noise. By nonlinear joint inversion of the phase-velocity maps, we obtain a 3-D shear-wave velocity (VS) model of the study area. At shallow depths, our model correlates with surface geology and reveals the presence of a sedimentary cover in the Liguro-Provençal basin, as opposed to the Tyrrhenian basin where this is either very thin or absent. At ∼5-km depth, high velocities below the Magnaghi, Vavilov, and Marsili seamounts point to an exhumed, scarcely serpentinized mantle. These are replaced by lower velocities at larger depths, likely connected to the presence of partial melt. At 50–60-km depth, a very heterogeneous structure characterizes the Tyrrhenian basin, with low velocities pointing to the presence of fluids due to the lateral mantle inflow from the Ionian slab edges, and higher velocities associated with a relatively dry upper mantle. Such heterogeneity disappears at depths ≳75 km, replaced by more uniform velocities which are ∼2% lower than those found in the Liguro-Provençal basin. We infer that, at the same depths, the Tyrrhenian basin is characterized by a larger concentration of fluids and possibly higher temperatures.
    Description: The Grant to the Department of Science, Roma Tre University (MIUR-Italy Dipartimenti di Eccellenza, ARTICOLO 1, COMMI 314-337 LEGGE 232/2016) German Academic Exchange Service (DAAD, Grant 57030312). Projekt DEAL. Funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under the Individual Research Project: SI 1748/4-1.
    Description: Published
    Description: e2021JB023267
    Description: 1T. Struttura della Terra
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: 04.01. Earth Interior ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 7
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    Seismo-acoustic gliding: An experimental study (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: The gradual temporal shift of the spectral lines of harmonic seismic and/or acoustic tremor, known as spectral gliding, has been largely documented at different volcanoes worldwide. Despite the clear advantage of the experimental approach in providing direct observation of degassing processes and related elastic radiation, experimental studies on gliding tremor are lacking. Therefore, we investigated different episodes of gliding of acoustic and seismic tremor observed during analogue degassing experiments performed under different conditions of magma viscosity (10-1,000 Pa s), gas flux (5-180×10−3 l/s) and conduit surface roughness (fractal dimension of 2-2.99). Gliding experimental harmonic seismic and acoustic tremor was observed at high gas flux rates and viscosities, mostly associated with an increasing trend and often preceding a major burst. Decreasing secondary sets of harmonic spectral lines were observed in a few cases. Results suggest that gliding episodes are mostly related to the progressive volume variation of shallow interconnected gas pockets. Spectral analyses performed on acoustic signals provided the theoretical length of the resonator that was compared against the temporal evolution of the gas pockets, quantified from video analyses. The similarities between the observed degassing regime and churn-annular flow in high viscous fluids encourage further studies on churn dynamics in volcanic environments.
    Description: Published
    Description: 117344
    Description: 5V. Processi eruttivi e post-eruttivi
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: seismo-acoustic tremor; experimental volcanology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 8
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    How do inherited dip-slip faults affect the development of new extensional faults? Insights from wet clay analog models (2023)
    Elsevier
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-25
    Description: The development of structurally controlled basins is frequently dominated by inherited geological and tectonic structures, especially when the affected region has undergone multiple tectonic phases. In this study we use physically scaled analog models to analyze the impact of inherited faults on the evolution of a new extensional fault system and its associated basin. In our experiments, we introduced inherited faults – bearing diverse geometries and orientations – cut through a homogeneous analog material (wet clay). After each experiment, we compare (a) how the inherited faults affected the inception and development of new faults and (b) the shape of the resulting basins, using a ‘reference model’ run without pre-existing faults. The results show that the orientation of pre-existing faults with respect to the extensional axis does affect the development of the new extensional structures. The main effects show up when the orientation of the pre-existing faults is closer to that expected for a fault that is optimally oriented (perpendicular) with respect to the direction of extension and has a dip close to an Andersonian extensional fault. Conversely, the impact on the resulting basin shape is more spatially complex, especially in the case of misoriented pre-existing faults. We also compare our experimental results with an analytical method based on the slip tendency theory. The application of our findings to selected natural cases demonstrates how one may interpret the occurrence, orientation, and activity of inherited faults by looking at the present-day geometry and wavelength of an extensional basin, particularly when newly formed extensional faults exhibit structurally unexpected trajectories.
    Description: Part of this work was funded by the project “The impact of an inherited structural setting on the development of extensional systems in the Amatrice-Norcia-Visso area: insights from analog modeling” (UR 0865.050; P.I.: Umberto Fracassi), part of the INGV-FISR 2016 Project - Italia centrale “Centro di studio e monitoraggio dei rischi naturali dell'Italia centrale” (cod. D82F16001180001), and by the INGV “FASTMIT” Project (UR 0850.010; P.I.: Roberto Basili – cod. D52F16001150001).
    Description: Published
    Description: 104836
    Description: 2T. Deformazione crostale attiva
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: Inherited faults ; Extensional basins ; Analog modeling ; Wet clay models ; Pre-existing faults ; Fault interaction ; Fault inversion ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 9
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    Exploiting the legacy of N.N. Ambraseys: known and unknown earthquakes in the Anatolian area (2022)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-25
    Description: N.N. Ambraseys left us a wealth of papers and volumes on a number of topics; many of them concern the historical earth- quake investigation. One of the last works is the 2009 volume (Ambraseys in Earthquakes in the Eastern Mediterranean and the Middle East: a multidisciplinary study of 2000 years of seismicity, Cambridge, Cambridge, UK, 2009), where he summarizes the results of more than thirty years of investigation through archives and libraries, covering earthquakes of a large area, from Albania to Caucasus. For each earthquake, a short summary of the main effects is supplied, together with the list of the sources used. Such information is intended as material for assessing location and size of the earthquakes, task that the author accomplished only in a very preliminary way for a few earthquakes, only. In addition to exhaustive descriptions of the most known earthquakes and the relevant historical sources, the volume contains information on a large number of earthquakes, so far unknown to the current earthquake catalogues. This paper intends to represent a homage to his immense work, partially showing the potential of his volume. We briefly present here some case histories, including the preliminary location and size of the earthquakes – known and unknown—around Anatolia. We add some examples of how he was able to prove that some alleged earthquakes are actually to be considered as fake or very doubtful. We also present the damage information supplied for some known and unknown earthquakes, and how they can be used for assessing location and size of them.
    Description: Published
    Description: 555–568
    Description: 5T. Sismologia, geofisica e geologia per l'ingegneria sismica
    Description: N/A or not JCR
    Keywords: earthquakes ; Anatolia ; Historical seismology ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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  • 10
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    Seismic glitchness at Sos Enattos site: impact on intermediate black hole binaries detection efficiency (2021)
    Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-05-04
    Description: Third-generation gravitational wave observatories will extend the lower frequency limit of the observation band toward 2 Hz, where new sources of gravitational waves, in particular intermediate-mass black holes (IMBH), will be detected. In this frequency region, seismic noise will play an important role, mainly through the so-called Newtonian noise, i.e., the gravity-mediated coupling between ground motion and test mass displacements. The signal lifetime of such sources in the detector is of the order of tens of seconds. In order to determine whether a candidate site to host the Einstein Telescope observatory is particularly suitable to observe such sources, it is necessary to estimate the probability distributions that, in the characteristic time scale of the signal, the sensitivity of the detector is not perturbed by Newtonian noise. In this paper, a first analysis is presented, focused on the Sos Enattos site (Sardinia, Italy), a candidate to host the Einstein Telescope. Starting from a long data set of seismic noise, this distribution is evaluated considering both the presently designed triangular ET configuration and also the classical ”L” configuration.
    Description: Published
    Description: 511
    Description: 2IT. Laboratori analitici e sperimentali
    Description: JCR Journal
    Keywords: gravitation waves ; site characterization ; Einstein Telescope ; 04.06. Seismology
    Repository Name: Istituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia (INGV)
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