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  • bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government  (86)
  • Fisheries
  • Physics
  • ANU Press  (73)
  • Logos Verlag Berlin  (42)
  • Springer  (12)
  • 2020-2024  (125)
  • 2000-2004  (2)
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Keywords
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Year
  • 1
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    Come Hell or High Fever (2023)
    ANU Press | ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Nations appear and fall, but cities endure and rediscover how to succeed. In this meticulously defined and researched book, Glenn presents ideas for minimising suffering during urban catastrophes. His urgency identifies risks held in urban areas by 3.5 billion people. These people are many of us: as urban populations occupying 3 per cent of our planet's land area, drawing water from 41 per cent of the world’s ground surface, consuming 60 to 80 per cent of global energy and achieving 80 per cent of the world’s economic productivity. For Glenn, our resilience—through diversity in preparation, survival and recovery—includes comprehensive approaches that are sustained in duration, orchestrated in bringing all necessary capabilities to bear, layered in approach and early in application.’ —Major General Chris Field, Australian Army ‘The time to prepare for the inevitable is now. Dr Glenn has written a book that should be read by all leaders, planners and responders who may be called upon in an urban disaster, whether natural or man-made. Military leaders should give it particular attention, as the human race is increasingly concentrated in its cities. Understanding how to wage war in dense urban terrain is essential, especially if a nation also seeks to hold the moral high ground. The fruits of any victory won among people that fails to consider the lessons in Come Hell or High Fever are likely to be very bitter.’ —Lieutenant General Sean MacFarland, United States Army (retired)
    Keywords: Urban ; Disaster ; HADR ; Humanitarian ; Relief ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RP Regional & area planning ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RP Regional and area planning
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  • 2
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    Australian Department Heads Under Howard: Career Paths and Practice (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The articles in this collection were first published in the Canberra Times between 14 November 2005 and 22 April 2006 in a slightly different format. In some cases two articles were published on the one secretary. These have been combined into one and minor edits and corrections have been made. The articles have not been updated to take account of events since they were first published.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 3
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    Fiducial Governance (2023)
    ANU Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Fiducial Governance: An Australian republic for the new millennium represents an attempt to grapple with the challenges of designing governance regimes suited to the new millennium. Power's monograph asserts the need for the reform of Australian governance and charts Australia's fitful progress towards a republican future. Along the way he sketches a framework for constitutional reform, mindful of the strengths and weaknesses of the current system of government and the contest of ideas about the role and configuration of Australian Heads of State. Long a frustrated Australian republican, Power contends that the republican log jam is due in significant part to a lack of respect shown by the republican policy community to the contribution long made to good governance by monarchical heads of state. This monograph seeks to draw lessons from this experience, so as to make the republican venture one of substance for the Australian public. In so doing, Power draws on a range of republican, indigenous and feminist writings in order to develop a new framework of 'fiducial governance' aimed at enhancing the trustworthiness and integrity of our institutions of governance, thereby paving the way for the replacement of the monarch by a directly elected head of state. This is an erudite and thoughtful book that will be of interest to those with an interest in systems of governance and to constitutional scholars, whether they be republicans or monarchists.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Public Leadership (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: 'Leadership' is routinely admired, vilified, ridiculed, invoked, trivialised, explained and speculated about in the media and in everyday conversation. Despite all this talk, there is surprisingly little consensus about how to answer basic questions about the nature, place, role and impact of leadership in contemporary society. This book brings together academics from a broad array of social science disciplines who are interested in contemporary understandings of leadership in the public domain. Their work on political, administrative and civil society leadership represents a stock-take of what we need to know and offers original examples of what we do know about public leadership. Although this volume connects scholars living in, and mostly working on, public leadership in Australia and New Zealand, their contributions have a much broader scope and relevance.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 5
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    Diversity in Leadership (2023)
    ANU Press
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: While leadership is an over-used term today, how it is defined for women and the contexts in which it emerges remains elusive. Moreover, women are exhorted to exercise leadership, but occupying leadership positions has its challenges. Issues of access, acceptable behaviour and the development of skills to be successful leaders are just some of them.
    Keywords: Sociology ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSJ Gender studies, gender groups::JFSJ1 Gender studies: women ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSF Gender studies, gender groups::JBSF1 Gender studies: women and girls
    Language: English
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  • 6
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    Customary Land Tenure & Registration in Australia and Papua New Guinea (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The main theme of this volume is a discussion of the ways in which legal mechanisms, such as the Land Groups Incorporation Act (1974) in PNG, and the Native Title Act (1993) in Australia, do not, as they purport, serve merely to identify and register already-existing customary indigenous landowning groups in these countries. Because the legislation is an integral part of the way in which indigenous people are defined and managed in relation to the State, it serves to elicit particular responses in landowner organisation and self-identification on the part of indigenous people. These pieces of legislation actively contour the progressive evolution of landowner social, territorial and political organisation at all levels in these nation states. The contributors to this volume provide in-depth anthropological case studies of social structural and cultural transformations engendered by the confrontation between states, developers and indigenous communities over rights to customarily owned land.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSL Ethnic studies::JFSL9 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JB Society and culture: general::JBS Social groups, communities and identities::JBSL Ethnic studies::JBSL1 Ethnic groups and multicultural studies::JBSL11 Indigenous peoples ; thema EDItEUR::5 Interest qualifiers::5P Relating to specific groups and cultures or social and cultural interests::5PB Relating to peoples: ethnic groups, indigenous peoples, cultures and other groupings of people::5PBA Relating to Indigenous peoples
    Language: English
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  • 7
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    Facing Asia (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: 'No nation can escape its geography', warned Percy Spender, Australia's Minister for External Affairs, in 1950. With the immediate turmoil of World War II over, communism and decolonisation had ended any possibility that Asia could continue to be ignored by Australia. In the early 1950s, Australia embarked on its most ambitious attempt to engage with Asia: the Colombo Plan. This book examines the public and private agendas behind Australia's foreign aid diplomacy and reveals the strategic, political and cultural aims that drove the Colombo Plan. It examines the legacy of WWII, how foreign aid was seen as crucial to achieving regional security, how the plan was sold to Australian and Asian audiences, and the changing nature of Australia's relationship with Britain and the United States. Above all this is the question of how Australia sought to project itself into the region, and how Asia was introduced into the Australian consciousness. In answering these questions, this book tells the story of how an insular society, deeply scarred by the turbulence of war, chose to face its regional future.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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  • 8
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    Antarctica (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-02
    Description: This is the first book whose subject is the music, sounds and silences of Antarctica. From 2011 until 2014, Australia marked its long-standing connection with Antarctica by celebrating the centenary of the Australasian Antarctic Expedition. The icy continent, with its extremes of climate and environment and unique soundscapes, offers great potential for creative achievements in the world of music and sound. This book demonstrates the intellectual and creative engagement of artists, musicians, scientists and writers. Consciousness of sounds — in particular, musical ones — has not been at the forefront of our aims in polar endeavours, but listening to and appreciating them has been as important there as elsewhere.
    Keywords: Music ; Physics ; History ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHM Australasian and Pacific history ; thema EDItEUR::N History and Archaeology::NH History::NHT History: specific events and topics::NHTB Social and cultural history ; thema EDItEUR::A The Arts::AV Music ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDS Wave mechanics (vibration and acoustics)
    Language: English
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  • 9
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    Following the sun (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: In 1970 a small group of physicists at The Australian National University decided to veer away from the accepted and expected directions in energy research and pursued the emerging discipline of solar energy. Over the next decade ANU joined a small cluster of research institutions, including the CSIRO, UNSW and the University of Sydney, to emerge as a world leader in solar energy technology. This book traces the history of solar energy research at ANU over 35 years from its origin, its sometimes controversial early stages, through its flagship projects to its current status as one of the world's best known solar energy research establishments. It is as much a story of the future as it is a history: Following the sun is the story of how an idea to pursue what was in 1970 a new and unpopular research path has come to underpin sustainable development in the 21st Century.
    Keywords: History of Science & Technology ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics::PHD Classical mechanics::PHDY Energy ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues::PDX History of science
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  • 10
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    Election 2007 (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Papua New Guinea’s general election in 2007 attracted particular interest for several reasons. Not only did it follow what was widely acknowledged as the country’s worst election ever, in 2002 (in which elections in six of the country’s 109 electorates were declared to be ‘failed elections’), it was the first general election to be held under a new limited preferential voting system. It also followed the first full parliamentary term under the Organic Law on the Integrity of Political Parties and Candidates, which had been introduced in 2001 in an attempt to strengthen political parties and create a greater degree of stability in the national parliament, and was the first to embrace a ‘whole-of-government’ approach to electoral administration, through an Interdepartmental Electoral Committee. This volume provides an analysis of the 2007 election, drawing on the work of a domestic monitoring team organized through the National Research Institute, and several visiting scholars. It addresses key issues such as voter education, electoral administration, election security, the role of political parties, women as candidates and voters, the shift to limited preferential voting, and HIV transmission, and provides detailed accounts of the election in a number of open and provincial electorates. It is generally agreed that the election of 2007 was an improvement on that of 2002. But problems of electoral administration and voting behaviour remain. These are identified in this volume, and recommendations made for electoral reform.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
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  • 11
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    Viet Nam — a Transition Tiger? (2023)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Viet Nam has seen consistent rapid economic growth and impressive declines in poverty since it initiated its Doi Moi economic reforms in the late 1980s. Viet Nam has taken a selective, step-by-step approach to reform—an approach often criticised by proponents of the Washington Consensus. That this approach has been so successful has come as something of a surprise to much of the international community. Analysing closely aspects of Viet Nam's reform process, enterprise development, income growth and poverty alleviation, Viet Nam: a transition tiger? argues that Viet Nam's remarkable development is not readily explained by the more orthodox versions of the Washington Consensus. Successful policy is not built on mechanistic replication of some general reform blueprint, but on responding pragmatically to specific national circumstances. Government policy has had an impact on economic performance but economic experience has also guided the formulation of economic policy. Faced with increasingly complex economic conditions, Vietnamese policymakers will need to rely more than ever on their flexibility and pragmatism if Viet Nam's remarkable economic performance is to be sustained.
    Keywords: Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
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  • 12
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    Women, Migration and Gendered Experiences (2022)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-03-16
    Description: This open access book focuses on Albanian internal and international female migration and places gender at the heart of postsocialist transformation. It explores the vulnerabilities that arise for female citizens from the contradictory policies produced by the Albanian state. By illuminating the intersection of gender and migration, it shows how Albanian women are likely to embed themselves in complex social relations and migration trajectories. By focusing on various cases – internal, international, return, economic and student female migrants – the book underlines that migration does not follow any kind of evolutionary development, according to which women go from 'traditional’ to ‘modern' gender relations. By providing a compelling account on the complex negotiations and tactics women employ to deal with gender inequalities, this book leads to a better understanding of gender and migration entanglements. It is a useful read to students, academics in migration and gender studies as well as social scientists and policy-makers in European countries.
    Keywords: Albanian female migration ; Gender relations and post-socialist transformations ; Internal and international female student migration ; Internal and international care chains ; Post-socialist migratory processes ; Tactics and strategies mobilised by women ; Informality and rudimentary welfare state ; Education as a platform for migration in Albania ; Invisibility of domestic care work sector in Albania ; Intersections of care, gender and migration regimes ; Gendered imaginaries of Albanian female migrants ; Albanian migrants filling the care gap in Italy and Greece ; Commercialization of care ; Social networks in post-socialist Albanian migration ; Open access ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes::JFFN Migration, immigration & emigration ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPP Public administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
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  • 13
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    Fast Measurement of Individual Head-Related Transfer Functions (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: While binaural technology applications gained in popularity in recent years, the majority of applications still use non-individual Head-Related Transfer Functions (HRTFs) from artificial heads. However, certain applications, for example research of spatial hearing or hearing attention, require an physically exact and realistic binaural signal. The limiting factor that prohibits the widespread use of individual HRTFs is the acquisition time of such data. This time requirement has recently been reduced by the use of parallelization in the measurement signal which lead to the development of fast measurement systems capable of acquiring individual and spatially dense HRTF. This thesis provides a objective and subjective evaluation of such a system that is designed with the goal of little disturbance of the measurements in mind. The construction is detailed, followed by both an objective and subjective evaluation. A detailed investigation into additional distortion of the sound field introduced by the system itself is presented and it is shown that the system performs comparably to a conventional system in terms of sound source localization. Furthermore, a method is introduced and evaluated to further reduce the measurement time by using continuous rotation during the measurement. This method is used to reduced the measurement duration from eight minutes to three minutes without audible differences.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 14
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    Modellierung des Fachwissens von Lehrkräften in der Teilchenphysik (Volume 315) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Teilchenphysik als Teilgebiet der modernen Physik gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung im schulischen Physikunterricht. In dieser Arbeit wird erstmalig das von Lehrkräften benötigte Fachwissen zur Teilchenphysik modelliert, wobei Fachwissen als ein Teil des Professionswissens verstanden wird. Als Fachwissensdimensionen werden die Inhaltsbereiche und die Wissensarten in den Fokus genommen, für welche jeweils Subfacetten identifiziert und präzise beschrieben werden. Nach einem überblick über die wesentlichen Ideen der Teilchenphysik wird in der Arbeit die sukzessive Modellierung des Fachwissens im Rahmen einer qualitativ und quantitativ angelegten Delphi-Studie vorgestellt. In drei Befragungsrunden wurden zwischen 35 und 65 internationale Expertinnen und Experten aus der teilchenphysikbezogenen Forschung (Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik) und öffentlichkeitsarbeit (u.a. Wissenschaftsjournalismus) sowie erfahrene Lehrkräfte zu den für das Fachwissen relevanten Themen der Teilchenphysik befragt. Empirische Analysen der Befragungsrunden ergaben, dass sich die Dimension Inhaltsbereiche im deklarativen Wissen aus zehn teilchenphysikalischen Themen (z.B. Teilchen in der Hochenergiephysik, die vier fundamentalen Wechselwirkungen) zusammensetzt, von welchen sechs als besonders relevant eingeschätzt wurden. Im Anschluss an die letzte Befragungsrunde wurde theoriegeleitet eine erste Modellierung der Inhaltsbereiche für die Wissensarten des prozeduralen und konditionalen Wissens vorgenommen.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 15
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    Technologieoffenheit und Realisierungsquote im Rechtsvergleich zwischen deutschen EEG-Ausschreibungen und brasilianischen Stromauktionen (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Description: Diese Arbeit systematisiert die bereits im Jahr 2005 eingeführten brasilianischen Stromauktionen erstmals umfassend und bewertet sie anhand von Experteninterviews und empirischen Erhebungen. Aus dem funktionalen Rechtsvergleich mit dem deutschen Ausschreibungsmodell ergeben sich wesentliche Erkenntnisse für das EEG 2017 im Bereich der Technologieoffenheit und der Realisierungsquote bezuschlagter Projekte. Denn die EEG-Ausschreibungen verstoßen infolge niedriger Teilnehmerzahlen in weiten Teilen gegen die unionsrechtliche Vorgabe der EE-Richtlinie 2018 zur wettbewerbsorientierten Vergabe von Fördermitteln. Zudem verfehlen sie die national gesetzten Ausbauziele. Als Lösungsvorschlag wird ein auf den brasilianischen Vorschriften basierender Regelungsentwurf zur automatischen technologieübergreifenden Umverteilung der ausgeschriebenen Leistung erarbeitet. Ferner zeigt diese Arbeit auf, dass die Regelungen des EEG 2017 Projektabbrüche kaum sanktionieren. Daher sollte erwogen werden, nach brasilianischem Vorbild Projektabbrüche mit dem Ausschluss von zukünftigen Ausschreibungen zu pönalisieren. A functional legal comparison of German renewable energy auctions, introduced comprehensively in 2017, with Brazilian energy auctions, introduced already in 2005, provides relevant insights for the German system. This work offers the first comprehensive systematisation of relevant Brazilian regulations, and assesses their effectiveness using expert interviews and empirical analysis. It highlights several solutions to problems regarding technology neutral auctions and the realisation rate of successful projects, that could be valuable for the German model. Due to low participant numbers, many German energy auctions violate the european energy directive of 2018, which states that the awarding of funding must be competition-oriented. This work proposes a solution to this problem, based on a similar mechanism adopted by Brazilian regulations, which automatically redistributes tendered capacity across different technologies. Legal comparisons made in this work demonstrate that project cancellations in Germany are not sanctioned sufficiently. As such, to ensure that expansion targets are met, it is worth considering following the Brazilian example of sanctioning project cancellations by limiting participation in future auctions.
    Keywords: Law ; Technology & Engineering ; Environmental ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TQ Environmental science, engineering & technology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: German
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  • 16
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    Physik der Küste für außerschulische Lernorte (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Die in den vergangenen Jahren zahlreich entstandenen außerschulischen Lernorte an der deutschen Wattenmeerküste sind Ausdruck einer Differenzierung der dortigen Bildungslandschaft, in der schulisches durch non-formales Lernen im regionalen Kontext ergänzt wird. Die außerschulischen Lernorte zeichnet aus, dass sie ihren Besucherinnen und Besuchern Primärerfahrungen bieten, um die außergewöhnliche Dynamik und Sensitivität des Wattenmeeres zu verdeutlichen. Allerdings schöpfen die Lernorte ihr Potenzial für das außerschulische Physiklernen nicht aus, denn obwohl insbesondere Strömungen und Strukturbildungen (z. B. Rippel, Dünen und Priele) das Erscheinungsbild des Wattenmeers prägen und dessen Dynamik repräsentieren, werden in den Bildungsangeboten bisher fast ausschließlich biologische Inhalte behandelt. Deshalb ist physikdidaktische Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeit nötig, die durch eine Didaktische Rekonstruktion von Strömungen und Strukturbildungen geleistet wird. Hierzu gehört zunächst eine fachliche Klärung. Im Anschluss werden Lernendenvorstellungen untersucht, indem problemzentrierte Interviews entlang von Realexperimenten durchgeführt und einer qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse unterworfen werden. Auf Basis des Vergleichs zwischen fachlicher Sicht und Lernendensicht gilt es sodann, Bausteine für didaktische Strukturierungen zu entwickeln. Diese Bausteine werden schließlich eingesetzt, um gemeinsam mit den Lernortbetreibenden Bildungsangebote zu entwickeln, die auch physikalische Zusammenhänge zur Küstendynamik explizieren.
    Keywords: Science ; Earth Sciences ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RB Earth sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 17
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    Was beeinflusst den Erfolg beim Problemlösen in der Physik? (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Problemlösen ist eine wesentliche Voraussetzung für das Handeln in allen Bereichen des Lebens: In einfachen Alltagssituationen, bei (natur-) wissenschaftlichen Fragestellungen oder bei komplexeren gesellschaftlich relevanten Problemen spielt die Lösung von Problemen eine Rolle. Im Bereich der Physik werden insbesondere innerhalb des schulischen und universitären Kontextes Probleme bearbeitet. Die täglichen Erfahrungen des Lehrbetriebs an Hochschulen machen jedoch deutlich, dass Teile der Studierenden große Schwierigkeiten haben, Probleme erfolgreich zu lösen. Die Diskrepanz zwischen der Wichtigkeit des Problemlösens und den Schwierigkeiten, die Studierenden dabei haben, ist der Ausgangspunkt für die zentrale Fragestellung der vorliegenden Arbeit: Was unterscheidet "gute" von "schlechten" Problemlösern und welche Faktoren beeinflussen den Erfolg beim Problemlösen? Die Arbeit fokussiert hierbei auf Probleme aus dem Themenfeld der Mechanik. Mit Hilfe einer empirischen Untersuchung wird dazu beigetragen, bereits bekannte Erkenntnisse aus der traditionsreichen Forschung zum Problemlösen zu bestätigen, zu quantifizieren und zueinander in Beziehung zu setzen. Es werden sowohl quantitative als auch qualitative Eigenschaften "guter" und "schlechter" Problemlöser herausgearbeitet - gute Problemlöser können beispielsweise auf mehr Fachwissen zurückgreifen, besitzen ein höheres Selbstkonzept und machen weniger Planungsfehler beim Bearbeiten physikalischer Problemstellungen.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 18
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    Dynamic iteration and model order reduction for magneto-quasistatic systems (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Our world today is becoming increasingly complex, and technical devices are getting ever smaller and more powerful. The high density of electronic components together with high clock frequencies leads to unwanted side-effects like crosstalk, delayed signals and substrate noise, which are no longer negligible in chip design and can only insufficiently be represented by simple lumped circuit models. As a result, different physical phenomena have to be taken into consideration since they have an increasing influence on the signal propagation in integrated circuits. Computer-based simulation methods play thereby a key role. The modelling and analysis of complex multi-physics problems typically leads to coupled systems of partial differential equations and differential-algebraic equations (DAEs). Dynamic iteration and model order reduction are two numerical tools for efficient and fast simulation of coupled systems. Formodelling of low frequency electromagnetic field, we use magneto-quasistatic (MQS) systems which can be considered as an approximation to Maxwells equations. A spatial discretization by using the finite element method leads to a DAE system. We analyze the structural and physical properties of this system and develop passivity-preserving model reduction methods. A special block structure of the MQS model is exploited to to improve the performance of the model reduction algorithms.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 19
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    Kompetenzaufbau zum experimentbezogenen Denken und Arbeiten (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Experimentieren kann nicht nur dazu beitragen, fachinhaltliche Erkenntnisse zu gewinnen, sondern auch selbst Lerngegenstand sein. Wenig geklärt ist bisher, wie beim Experimentieren gelernt wird, worauf zu achten ist. Unklar ist auch, welche fachmethodischen Vorstellungen Lernende beim Planen, Durchführen und Auswerten aktivieren. Diesen Fragen wurde mithilfe einer schriftlichen Instruktion nachgegangen, die Lernende (Jg. 11) anregt, nicht nur Experimente durchzuführen, sondern auch über fachmethodische Grundlagen nachzudenken. Die Arbeitsphasen wurden für 42 Schülergruppen videografiert und kategorienbasiert ausgewertet, um Aussagen über Aktivitätsprofile, Vorstellungen und Kompetenzveränderungen zu generieren. Die Ergebnisse belegen die Komplexität von Lernprozessen und zeigen die Schwierigkeit, individuelle Kompetenzzuwächse auf bestimmte Prozesse zurückzuführen. Zum Beispiel konnten hohe Kompetenzzuwächse sowohl für Lernende mit häufigen fachmethodischen Beiträgen als auch für solche mit nur geringen fachmethodischen Aktivitäten festgestellt werden. Des Weiteren gehen experimentell angemessene Aktivitäten in erkennbaren Anteilen mit fachmethodisch unpassenden Vorstellungen einher, wie z.,B. bei einer korrekt vorgenommenen, aber falsch begründeten Trennung zwischen einer Beobachtung und einer Deutung. Die Arbeit liefert damit Hinweise, dass Lernende neben fachinhaltlichen auch fachmethodische Vorstellungen in den Unterricht mitbringen. Diese gilt es z.,B. durch explizite und wiederholte Thematisierung zu adressieren.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 20
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    Made-to-Measure Future(s) for Democracy? (2022)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access volume analyses the development of democracy at different levels of governance (from local to global). The Basque search for an institutional and democratic model that adapts to its social needs and solves its problems offers an interesting perspective for analyzing the way in which democracy is seeking new forms of materialization from the local to the global. The volume is divided into four parts. The chapters in Part I analyze the tensions between the neoliberal vision of democracy and the voices contesting it, with projections at different levels of government. The chapters in Part II focus on the emerging framework and scales of Western democracy. The chapters in Part III present new forms of citizen participation, paying special - though not exclusive - attention to new practical strategies for Basque society. The volume concludes with a block of chapters on the relevance of reviewing the methodological and epistemological frameworks from which knowledge about democracy and mechanisms of citizen participation is generated (Part IV). By delving deeper into the idea and practice of democratic governance, this volume will be of interest to researchers and students from all disciplines of politics, international relations, sociology and law.
    Keywords: Basque Country ; Basque society ; Western democracy ; neolibralism ; inequality ; citizen participation ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPH Political structure & processes ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPP Public administration ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPH Political structure and processes ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPP Public administration
    Language: English
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  • 21
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    Potenzialanalyse von Solarturmkraftwerken mit Flüssigmetallen als Wärmeträgermedium -- An Analysis of Potential of Solar Tower Power Plants Using Liquid Metals as Heat Transfer Fluid (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: In einem Solarturmkraftwerk werden hunderte bis tausende Spiegel (sogenannte Heliostate) einzeln der Sonne nachgeführt, sodass das Sonnenlicht auf die Spitze eines Turmes konzentriert wird. Dort befindet sich der Receiver, der die Solarstrahlung absorbiert und an das Wärmeträgermedium weitergibt. Große thermische Energiespeicher erlauben die ganztägige Stromproduktion (auch Nachts). In aktuellen Solarturmkraftwerken kommen als Wärmeträger- und Speichermedium häufig flüssige Nitratsalze wie Solar Salt zum Einsatz. Aufgrund ihrer hohen Wärmekapazität und den geringen Kosten eignen sie sich sehr gut zur thermischen Energiespeicherung, jedoch bringen sie auch einige Nachteile mit sich. Flüssigmetalle weisen in vielen Punkten Vorteile gegenüber den Flüssigsalzen auf. In der vorliegenden Arbeit werden die Eigenschaften von Flüssigmetallen detailliert analysiert und mit Solar Salt verglichen. Zur Bewertung werden die Jahreserträge bzw. die Stromgestehungskosten (LCOE) herangezogen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen ein Potenzial zur Reduktion der Stromgestehungskosten mit Flüssigmetallen um bis zu 16 % gegenüber dem Referenzsystem mit Solar Salt, ohne dabei den Kraftwerksblock und den thermischen Speicher zu verändern.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 22
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    Study of an alternative phase field model for low interfacial energy in elastic solids (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-05
    Description: In 2005, the hybrid model was published by Prof. H.-D. Alber and Prof. P. Zhu as an alternative to the Allen-Cahn model for the description of phase field transformations. With low interfacial energy, it is more efficient, since the resolution of the diffuse interface is numerically broader for the same solution accuracy and allows coarser meshing. The solutions of both models are associated with energy minimisation and in this work the error terms introduced in the earlier publications are discussed and documented using one and two dimensional numerical simulations. In the last part of this book, phase field problems, initially not coupled with material equations, are combined with linear elasticity and, after simple introductory examples, a growing martensitic inclusion is simulated and compared with literature data. In addition to the confirmed numerical advantage, another phenomenon not previously described in the literature is found: with the hybrid model, in contrast to the examples calculated with the Allen-Cahn model, an inclusion driven mainly by curvature energy does not disappear completely. The opposite problem prevents inclusions from growing from very small initial configurations, but this fact can be remedied by a very finely chosen diffuse interface width and by analysing and adjusting the terms that generate the modelling errors. The last example shows that the hybrid model can be used with numerical advantages despite the above mentioned peculiarities.
    Keywords: Science ; Chemistry ; Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PN Chemistry ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 23
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    Implementierung fachdidaktischer Innovationen durch das Angebot materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen (Volume 314) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Ein zentrales Ziel der fachdidaktischen Forschung stellt die Verbesserung schulischen Unterrichts dar. Eine Transferstrategie zur flächendeckenden Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bildet die Bereitstellung evidenzbasierter, innovativer materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen. Allerdings fällt das Materialnutzungsverhalten von Lehrkräften individuell sehr unterschiedlich aus, wobei das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Einflussfaktoren auf die Materialnutzung bislang wenig erforscht ist. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, dieses Wirkgefüge unter authentischen Bedingungen genauer zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde kriteriengeleitet eine evidenzbasierte, fachdidaktisch innovative Unterrichtskonzeption ausgewählt (das Münchener Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenmechanik) und den teilnehmenden Lehrkräften fakultativ zur Verfügung gestellt. Mittels eines qualitativen Forschungsansatzes wurden elf Lehrkräfte bei der Implementierung des Konzepts durch ein Interview zu Beginn und am Ende einer Unterrichtsreihe zur Quantenmechanik sowie zwei Unterrichtsbeobachtungen mit je einem anschließenden stimulated recall begleitet. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, dass die Probanden sich überwiegend heuristisch mit der Konzeption auseinandersetzten und lediglich Elemente auf Sichtstrukturebene implementierten. Das nachgewiesene Wirksamkeitspotential von evidenzbasierten, innovativen Unterrichtskonzeptionen scheint sich folglich lediglich unter bestimmten Bedingungsfaktoren zu entfalten.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 24
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    Entwicklung und Validierung eines Testinstruments zu Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen von (angehenden) Physiklehrkräften in physikdidaktischen Handlungsfeldern (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die vorliegende Dissertation beschreibt den Entwicklungs- und Validierungsprozess eines neuen Testinstruments zur Erfassung von Lehrer-Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen in vier physikdidaktischen Handlungsfeldern (Umgang mit Aufgaben, Experimentieren, Elementarisieren, Umgang mit Schülervorstellungen), jeweils bezüglich der Dimensionen Planung und Durchführung von Physikunterricht. Die Instrumententwicklung erfolgt in hohem Maße theoriebasiert, indem unter anderem auf der Grundlage der sozial-kognitiven Theorie Banduras Regeln für die Itemkonstruktion abgeleitet werden, die außerdem eine kritische Analyse existierender Instrumente erlauben. Der mehrschrittige Validierungsprozess ist argumentbasiert angelegt. Im Rahmen einer Interviewstudie und einer Expertenbefragung werden vor allem inhaltliche Aspekte, wie z.B. die definitionskonforme Formulierung der Items, die Abdeckung des Handlungsfeldes oder die wahrgenommene Authentizität der Items, untersucht. Im Zuge der auf eine quantitative Auswertung angelegten Hauptstudie (N approx 1000) werden vor allem psychometrische Aspekte, wie die Eindimensionalität der Skalen oder die Passung des Antwortformates, in den Blick genommen. Zusammenfassend kann ein übergeordnetes Validitätsargument in Bezug auf die intendierte Testwertinterpretation formuliert werden. Weiterer Forschungsbedarf deutet sich unter anderem bezüglich der Unterscheidung der zwei genannten Dimensionen an.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: German
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  • 25
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    Die Entwicklung der Professionellen Unterrichtswahrnehmung im Lehr-Lern-Labor Seminar (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: In Lehr-Lern-Labor Seminaren können Lehramtsstudierende ihr fachliches, didaktisches und pädagogisches Wissen aufgreifen und in komplexitätsreduzierten Handlungsumgebungen anwenden. Dabei erstellen sie Experimentierstationen, um anschließend in einer iterativen Praxis mehrmals Schülerinnen und Schüler an diesen Stationen zu betreuen. Grundlegend für dieses Vorgehen sind Reflexionsprozesse zwischen den Betreuungen. Inwieweit diese Reflexionsprozesse die Entwicklung der Professionellen Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden fördern, wurde mit dieser Arbeit untersucht. Als ergänzende Intervention wurden fragenbasierte Videoanalysen der eigenen Betreuungen in das Seminar implementiert. Die Regressionsanalysen zeigten, dass sich die Professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung der Studierenden durch die Teilnahme am Seminar verbesserte, wenn zusätzlich das eigene Vorgehen und das ihrer Kommilitonen anhand der erstellten Videos analysiert wurden. Ohne Videoanalyse konnte keine Veränderung festgestellt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 26
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    Kognitive und motivationale Dynamik in Schülerlaboren (Volume 302) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Bei Schülerlaboren als wichtigem Teil außerschulischer MINT-Bildung besteht ein Forschungsdefizit hinsichtlich kognitiver und motivationaler Prozesse auf Seiten der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Mit einem Design-based Research Ansatz klärt die Studie deshalb die Dynamik der Lehr- und Lernprozesse in Schülerlaboren auf und erlaubt es, die Lernangebote mit Blick auf generelle Bildungsziele und spezifische Ziele der Labore empiriebasiert weiterzuentwickeln. Um Angebots-Nutzungs-Prozesse zu untersuchen, wird ein Analyseinstrument entwickelt; es erlaubt gleichermaßen, die didaktische Struktur der Angebote in einer SWOT-Analyse zu erfassen und die ablaufenden Denk- und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler empirisch zu erheben. Das Instrument fokussiert auf drei Dimensionen: die Orientierung der Angebote an Kontexten, die Integration von Problemlöseaufgaben und die Unterstützung von Autonomie der Schülerinnen und Schüler beim Entscheiden und Handeln. Die Ergebnisse der SWOT-Analyse werden mit empirischen Daten, die mit ethnografischen Methoden gewonnen werden, validiert. Eine daraufhin weiterentwickelte didaktische Struktur der Angebote ist hinsichtlich einer differenzierten Kontextualisierung, des Einsatzes narrativer Anker, die Problemlöseaufgaben einleiten, sowie einer phasenweisen Öffnung der Angebote verändert und führt zu besserem Verständnis fachlicher Inhalte und zu einer höheren Motivation.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 27
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    Entwicklung und Validierung eines Instruments zur Erfassung der professionellen Unterrichtswahrnehmung angehender Physiklehrkräfte (Volume 298) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung ist eine zentrale und situative Fähigkeit, die (angehende) Lehrkräfte befähigt, Lernprozesse im Unterricht zu erkennen, mithilfe ihres professionellen Wissens zu interpretieren und anschließend lernförderliche Handlungspläne abzuleiten. Der vorliegenden Arbeit liegt die Forschungsfrage zugrunde, ob diese Fähigkeit mit einem physikspezifischen Fokus mithilfe eines Instruments - bestehend aus inszenierten Unterrichtsvideos und einem teilweise geschlossenen Fragebogen - valide erfasst werden kann. Ein solches Instrument könnte dazu dienen, herauszufinden, ob die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung domänenspezifisch ist (Hypothese 1) und ob diese situative Fähigkeit entlang der universitären Ausbildung eine Progression erfährt (Hypothese 2).  Die Ergebnisse der Arbeit ergeben 19 Items (EAP Reliabilität liegt bei 0.698), mit denen eine physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung gemessen werden kann. Weitere Analysen (zur Korrelation mit dem physikdidaktischen Wissen und der Abhängigkeit von studiumsbezogenen Daten) stützen die Konstruktvalidität des Tests. In Bezug auf Hypothese 1 hat sich wie erwartet gezeigt, dass die physikspezifische professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung signifikant von dem studierten Fach und dem Studiengang abhängt. Anders als erwartet ergeben die Ergebnisse zur Hypothese 2, dass die professionelle Unterrichtswahrnehmung aber nicht signifikant vom Studienfortschritt abhängt.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 28
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    Wissenschaftliche Kontroversen im Physikunterricht (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Erkenntnisgewinnung ist in den Naturwissenschaften untrennbar mit wissenschaftlichen Kontroversen verknüpft, die auch für den Physikunterricht einen Bildungswert besitzen, insbesondere im Hinblick auf kritische Urteilsbildung, Multiperspektivität und ein angemessenes Nature-of-Science-Verständnis. Basierend auf einer Charakterisierung wissenschaftlicher Kontroversen wird am Beispiel der Frage nach der Relativität der Masse in der Speziellen Relativitätstheorie in einer explorativ-qualitativen Studie untersucht, wie Physiklehrkräfte und Physiklehramtsstudierende mit einer solchen Kontroverse umgehen und inwieweit sie deren Bildungswert nutzen. Dazu werden sowohl Gedankenauflistungen, die von den Befragten nach dem Lesen von Textmaterialien zu den unterschiedlichen Fachpositionen erstellt wurden, als auch Antworten zu verschiedenen Textvignetten mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse ausgewertet. Insgesamt zeigt sich, dass die Studierenden häufiger offen gegenüber den kontroversen fachwissenschaftlichen Positionen sind als die Lehrkräfte. Unterschiede in Bezug auf die Realisierung des Bildungswertes im Unterrichtskontext werden mithilfe von fünf Typen systematisch beschrieben. Ein Großteil der Befragten weist dabei Ansätze zur Umsetzung von Kontroversität im Physikunterricht auf. Die Mehrheit vertritt auch eine eigene fachwissenschaftliche Position und ein Teil der Befragten nutzt die wissenschaftliche Kontroverse zur Thematisierung von Nature-of-Science-Aspekten.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Deforming the Reform (2022)
    Springer Nature | Springer
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    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book presents an actor-centered study on Europeanization, based on the assumption that EU-driven reforms are highly dependent on the behavior and interests of the key domestic actors. Whether or not a state pursues a European and democratic agenda depends on domestic lawmakers. Further, political elites are pre-eminent in deciding on the nature, form and content of any law, and on the extent to which the rule of law is actually enforced. Elites can overcome structural or institutional barriers that stand in the way of achieving their goals. The empirical study on Romania presented here lends this observation a more profound meaning: it shows how, in contexts where high level corruption is the norm rather than the exception, self-serving political elites cannot be expected to genuinely commit to adopting sound anti-corruption reform. The book is an inquiry into the motivations that drive legislators to make particular decisions, but also into the structural characteristics and dynamics of the elite that invite a selfish rather than responsible and responsive behaviour. This publication was supported by funds from the Publication Fund for Open Access Monographs of the Federal State of Brandenburg, Germany.
    Keywords: Europeanization ; Romania ; European Union ; EU ; post-accession conditionality ; Central and Eastern Europe ; political elite ; corruption ; justice reform ; civil society empowerment ; European Union Politics ; Russian and Post-Soviet Politics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPB Comparative politics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPP Public administration ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPB Comparative politics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPP Public administration ; thema EDItEUR::K Economics, Finance, Business and Management::KC Economics
    Language: English
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  • 30
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    Professionsbezogene Wirkungen einer Lehr-Lern-Labor-Veranstaltung (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Fachdidaktisches Wissen gilt als wichtige Gelingensbedingung für einen professionell durchgeführten Unterricht. Positive Selbstwirksamkeitserwartungen, vielfältige Unterrichtskompetenzen sowie eine befürwortende Einstellung gegenüber der Reflexion von Unterricht sind darüber hinaus Indikatoren einer gelingenden Professionalisierung. Professionelle Handlungskompetenz entwickelt sich vornehmlich, wenn angehende Lehrkräfte die Gelegenheit bekommen theoretische Wissensanteile in der Praxis umzusetzen und diesen Transfer zu reflektieren. Die unreflektierte Absolvierung von Unterrichtspraktika birgt nämlich die Gefahr eines "Praxisschocks". Um dem vorzubeugen, ist es förderlich, praktische Studienanteile in ihrer Komplexität sukzessive zu steigern. Es wird davon ausgegangen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labore (LLL) diesen Anforderungen genügen. In der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde die professionalisierende Wirkung dieses Veranstaltungskonzepts am Beispiel des LLL "Schwimmen, Schweben, Sinken" multimethodisch untersucht. Dabei wurden Gruppendiskussionen und Interviews, eine hoch inferente Fremdeinschätzungserhebung sowie eine Prä-Post-Fragebogenstudie mit Studierenden der Bachelorstudiengänge Lehramt Physik sowie Grundschulpädagogik (Sachunterricht) an der Freien Universität Berlin durchgeführt. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass Lehr-Lern-Labor-Veranstaltungen einen wichtigen Beitrag zur Anbahnung sowie zur Unterstützung der Professionalisierung von Lehrkräften bereits während des Studiums leisten können, ohne dass es zum "Praxisschock" kommt.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Diagnostische Prozesse von Studierenden des Lehramts (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Eine lernendenorientierte und adaptive Gestaltung von Unterricht erfordert von den Lehrkräften, dass sie vorhandene Kompetenzen und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler diagnostizieren. Außerdem müssen sie die Anforderungen von Aufgaben mit Blick auf deren Passung zu den Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler analysieren können. Eine derart verstandene "diagnostische Kompetenz" wird als zentrales Professionalisierungsziel von Lehrkräften angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die diagnostischen Prozesse von acht Studierenden mit den Fächern Physik und Mathematik in zwei aufeinander folgenden Lehrveranstaltungen zur Diagnostik untersucht, um Potentiale und Lernhindernisse im Kompetenzaufbau zu identifizieren. In beiden Veranstaltungen bildeten Vignetten von Lernprozessen den Ausgangspunkt für studentische Diagnosen. Forschungsgegenstand waren u.a. schriftliche Diagnosen der Studierenden im Prä-Post-Vergleich sowie auf Video aufgezeichnete studentische Diskurse bei der Diagnose von Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Analysen erfassen u.a., auf welche Komponenten eines Diagnoseprozesses die Studierenden in welcher Weise Bezug nehmen und welche (fach-) didaktischen überlegungen bzw. Theoriebezüge sie in ihren Diagnosen als Referenzpunkte nutzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auf struktureller Ebene zwar alle Komponenten thematisiert, aber inhaltlich nicht entlang einer typischen Abfolge miteinander verbunden werden. Trotz inhaltlicher Prompts wird nur selten explizit auf Theoriebezüge zurückgegriffen.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    On the Stability of Objective Structures (Volume 38) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: The main focus of this thesis is the discussion of stability of an objective (atomic) structure consisting of single atoms which interact via a potential. We define atomistic stability using a second derivative test. More precisely, atomistic stability is equivalent to a vanishing first derivative of the configurational energy (at the corresponding point) and the coerciveness of the second derivative of the configurational energy with respect to an appropriate semi-norm. Atomistic stability of a lattice is well understood, see, e.,g., [40]. The aim of this thesis is to generalize the theory to objective structures. In particular, we first investigate discrete subgroups of the Euclidean group, then define an appropriate seminorm and the atomistic stability for a given objective structure, and finally provide an efficient algorithm to check its atomistic stability. The algorithm particularly checks the validity of the Cauchy-Born rule for objective structures. To illustrate our results, we prove numerically the stability of a carbon nanotube by applying the algorithm.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 33
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    Entwicklung und experimentelle Validierung eines Ansatzes für die Modellierung des Anstreifverhaltens von Labyrinthdichtungen mit Honigwabeneinlaufbelägen (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Die Optimierung dynamischer Dichtsysteme ist eine kostengünstige Methode zur Erhöhung der Wirkungsgrade, Lebensdauer und Betriebssicherheit von Turbomaschinen. Zuverlässige und effiziente Dichtsysteme lassen sich nur realisieren, wenn die Anstreifvorgänge zwischen rotierenden und statischen Komponenten sowie ihre Folgen schon bei der Auslegung berücksichtigt und im Betrieb beherrscht werden können. Bis heute sind die physikalischen Vorgänge beim Anstreifen jedoch nur unzureichend verstanden und es fehlen zuverlässige Modellierungsansätze für ihre Vorhersage. Die vorliegende Arbeit liefert einen essentiellen Beitrag zum Verständnis des Anstreifverhaltens und somit zur Optimierung einlaufender dynamischer Dichtsysteme mit Fokus auf Labyrinthdichtungen mit Einlaufbelägen aus Hohlkörperstrukturen. Mit Hilfe aufwändiger experimenteller Untersuchungen wird in dieser Arbeit ein tiefergreifendes physikalisches Verständnis der Anstreifvorgänge bereitgestellt. Die experimentell gewonnenen Erkenntnisse bilden schließlich die Grundlage für die Entwicklung eines Modellierungsansatzes, der erstmals unter Berücksichtigung aller Einflussparameter die zuverlässige Vorhersage des Anstreifverhaltens einlaufender Labyrinthdichtungen ermöglicht.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Construction ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TN Civil engineering, surveying and building::TNK Building construction and materials ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 34
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    Sprachlicher Umgang mit Formeln von LehrerInnen im Physikunterricht am Beispiel des elektrischen Widerstandes in Klassenstufe 8 (Volume 305) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Formeln sind eine wichtige mathematische Darstellungsform im Physikunterricht. Jedoch haben Lernende häufig Schwierigkeiten bei der Verbalisierung der inhaltlichen Bedeutung von Formeln. Dies wirft die Frage auf, wie Lehrende diese inhaltliche Seite von Formeln vermitteln. Der Theorieteil stellt den Empiriestand zu den Themenkomplexen Formeln und Kommunikation, Alltagssprache, Unterrichts -sprache und Fachsprache im Physikunterricht ausführlich dar. Auf Grundlage sprachwissenschaftlicher Überlegungen wurde ein Ebenenmodell der Versprachlichung von Formeln entwickelt und durch Lehrbuchanalysen validiert, mit dessen Hilfe das Sprechen von und über Formeln analysiert werden kann. In einer qualitativen, explorativ ausgerichteten Feldstudie wurde Physikunterricht von 10 Lehrenden zum elektrischen Widerstand beobachtet und ihre Sprache mit Hilfe der qualitativen Inhaltsanalyse und des entwickelten Ebenenmodells ausgewertet. Das entstandene Kategoriensystem zeigt ein vielfältiges Sprechen über Formeln, das viele Aspekte von Formelverständnis abdeckt. Eine explizite qualitative Interpretation von Formeln bleibt jedoch meist aus. Es zeigt sich in vielen Aspekten ein eher technischer Umgang mit Formeln, der die strukturelle Rolle der Mathematik vernachlässigt. Das Sprechen der Lehrenden im Umgang mit Formeln kann als entweder fachsprachlich, schülernah oder ausgewogen, in einigen Fällen zusätzlich als reflektierend charakterisiert werden.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 35
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    Elektronenbahnen in Feldern (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die fortschreitende Digitalisierung erleichtert den Einsatz von computergestützten Experimentiergelegenheiten in Schule und Universität. Dabei ermöglichen solche Experimente Lernenden eigenständige Erfahrungen mit neuen Fachinhalten. Im Rahmen der vorliegenden Arbeit wurde ein lernerzentriertes und webbasiertes Angebot entwickelt, mit dem Lernende selbstständig Experimente zur Elektronenbewegung in Feldern durchführen können. Dabei wurden verschiedene Möglichkeiten zur Unterstützung der Lernprozesse, die der Einsatz digitaler Endgeräte mit sich bringt, realisiert - dies sind u.a. der Einsatz von Augmented Reality, ergänzenden Visualisierungen und automatisiertem Feedback. Doch über die Häufigkeit und die Art der Nutzung entsprechender Angebote in Schule und beim selbstständigen Lernen gibt es bisher nur wenige empirisch abgesicherte Erkenntnisse. Daher wurde hierzu eine Nutzungsanalyse mithilfe von Usertracking durchgeführt. Diese zeigt, dass das Angebot sowohl im Unterricht als auch beim selbstständigen Lernen sehr häufig genutzt wird, und deckt auf, welche Elemente zu einer intensiven Nutzung des Angebotes führen. Weiter wurde in einer Laborstudie die Wirkung von Multiplen Repräsentationen auf den Erfolg beim experimentellen Hypothesenprüfen und den wahrgenommenen Cognitive Load untersucht. Hier zeigte sich, dass integrierte, dynamisch verlinkte Repräsentationen die Nutzer unterstützen, aber keinen zusätzlichen Cognitive Load verursachen. Dies sollte bei der Gestaltung zukünftiger Angebote berücksichtigt werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 36
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    State and Society in Papua New Guinea, 2001–2021 (2022)
    ANU Press | ANU Press
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    Publication Date: 2022-10-26
    Description: In a previous volume, State and Society in Papua New Guinea: The First Twenty-Five Years (2001, reprinted by ANU E Press in 2004), a collection of papers by the author published between 1971 and 2001 was put together to mark Papua New Guinea's first 25 years as an independent state. This volume presents a collection of papers written between 2001 and 2021, which update the story of political and social development in Papua New Guinea in the first two decades of the twenty-first century. The chapters cover a range of topics, from an evaluation of proposals for political reform in the early 2000s, a review of the discussion of 'failing states’ in the island Pacific and the shift to limited preferential voting in 2007, to a detailed account of political developments from the move against Sir Michael Somare in 2011 to the election of Prime Minister Marape and his performance to 2022. There are also chapters on language policy, external and internal security, religious fundamentalism and national identity, and the sustainability of economic growth.
    Keywords: Papua New Guinea ; Melanesia ; development ; Political reform ; elections ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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  • 37
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    Eignung von domänenspezifischen Studieneingangsvariablen als Prädiktoren für Studienerfolg im Fach und Lehramt Physik (Volume 307) (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten in den Studiengängen Physik und Lehramt Physik sind sowohl aus bildungspolitischer und institutioneller Sicht als auch aus individueller Perspektive erfolglos Studierender eine Herausforderung. Bisher gibt es nur wenige empirische Studien, die Gründe für niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten bestimmen. Von dieser Situation ausgehend, zielte diese Arbeit auf die Erfassung domänenspezifischer Eingangsvoraussetzungen von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern, um daraus mögliche Prädiktoren für einen Studienerfolg zu bestimmen. Den Kern der Arbeit bildet die Konzeption und Evaluation eines Testinstruments zu Studieneingangsvoraussetzungen. Das Instrument umfasst einen Vorwissenstest in Mathematik und Physik sowie einen Test zu domänenspezifischen Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen. Das selbstentwickelte Instrument wurde bei N = 116 Studierenden eingesetzt, um die Prognosekraft der gemessenen Konstrukte auf einen möglichen Studienerfolg zu schätzen. Dabei zeigte sich der Physikteil des Vorwissenstests in Verbindung mit der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungsnote als signifikanter Prädiktor für den Studienerfolg gemessen am Studienverbleib nach drei Semestern. Dieses Ergebnis stellt im Wesentlichen eine Replikation bereits bekannter Erkenntnisse dar. Es konnten erste Hinweise gefunden werden, dass sich lernzielorientierte Einstellungen positiv auf den Studienerfolg auswirken können.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 38
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    Quantenoptik an Schulen (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Quantenphysik bildet schon heute das Fundament zahlreicher aktueller Technologien. Zukünftige Quantentechnologien, wie Quantencomputer, werden sowohl in der Industrie als auch für die Gesellschaft an Bedeutung gewinnen. In vielen nationalen und internationalen Schulcurricula ist die Quantenphysik als Thema für den Physikunterricht mittlerweile fest verankert. Aber trotz des enormen Bedeutungszuwachses von Quantentechnologien ist der Unterricht zur Quantenphysik an Schulen nach wie vor von semi-klassischen Modellen und quasi-historischen Zugängen geprägt, während moderne Begriffe der Quantenphysik häufig unberücksichtigt bleiben. Die Folge sind oft klassisch-mechanistisch geprägte Vorstellungen Lernender zur Quantenphysik. Hier setzt diese Arbeit an: mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenoptik wird ein Konzept vorgestellt, mit dem Lernende der gymnasialen Oberstufe Quanteneffekte anhand quantenoptischer Experimente kennen lernen. Konzepte der Quantenoptik, wie die Präparation von Quantenzuständen, die Antikorrelation am Strahlteiler und die Einzelphotoneninterferenz verhelfen Lernenden zu einem modernen Bild über Quantenphysik. Im Rahmen einer summativen Evaluation im Mixed-Methods-Design mit 171 Schülerinnen und Schülern zeigte sich, dass Lernende mit dem Erlanger Unterrichtskonzept zu quantenphysikalisch dominierten Vorstellungen gelangen und verbreitete Lernschwierigkeiten vermieden werden können.
    Keywords: Science ; Science ; Physics ; Technology & Engineering ; Agriculture ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TV Agriculture and farming
    Language: German
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  • 39
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    Investigation on the dissemination of unit watt in airborne sound and applications (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Sound power describes the emission of sound from sound sources. Despite today's state-of-the art measurement techniques, the current sound power determination methods are restricted due to various limitations. To overcome these limitations, a new sound power determination method is proposed, aiming at the establishment of traceability in airborne sound. This will enable the characterization of a sound source by its free field sound power. The dissertation describes a study on the dissemination process, which will allow the sound power of a device under test located at a real surrounding environment, to be referred to its free field sound power. Apart from the sound power, the corresponding uncertainty may be estimated in a transparent way, where each uncertainty component is provided. The basic tool for the dissemination process is the substitution method using aerodynamic reference sound sources, applied to both sound pressure and sound intensity measurements. Initially, a theoretical investigation deals with the factors that influence the substitution method. Experimental results are then presented based on measurements using a specially designed scanning apparatus. The transition from calibration to in situ conditions and the required correction, due to changes in environmental and operational conditions, is then discussed. In the last section, the sound power level of devices under test is determined along with its related uncertainty, which is further compared to the up-to-date uncertainty values.
    Keywords: Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 40
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    Leben zwischen Dreck und Drogen (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Das Kottbusser Tor in Berlin-Kreuzberg wird sowohl wegen seiner Vielfalt und seines Community-Aktivismus gefeiert als auch wegen Schmutz, Drogen und Gefahr gemieden. Wie die Bewohner*innen ihren Kiez sehen, wird oft in Anekdoten und politischen Statements dargestellt, aber kaum systematisch untersucht. Deshalb hat ein Forschungsteam des Georg-Simmel-Zentrums für Metropolenforschung an der Humboldt-Universität im Auftrag des Bezirksamtes Friedrichshain-Kreuzberg an Haustüren geklingelt und nachgefragt: Wodurch fühlen sich die Menschen in ihrem Wohngebiet unsicher? Würden sie denken, dass mehr Polizeipräsenz die Un-/Sicherheit erhöhen würde? Was erwarten sie von anderen Anwohner*innen, und inwiefern tragen solche Erwartungen zum Gefühl der Sicherheit bei? Trägt die alltägliche Nutzung der Nachbarschaft zum Sicherheitsgefühl bei? Dieses kleine Buch stellt die Ergebnisse der Studie vor. Es engagiert sich kritisch mit der berühmten These, dass "Augen auf der Straße" soziale Kontrolle und damit mehr subjektive Sicherheit erzeugen, und untersucht die Relevanz von Dunkelheit, Dreck und Drogen sowie von Achtsamkeit, Gemeinsamkeit und Zugehörigkeit. Die Studie zeigt, dass das Sicherheitsempfinden in einer städtischen Nachbarschaft von vertrauter Öffentlichkeit abhängt. Sie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass Menschen einschätzen können, was sie um sich herum sehen (eine Fähigkeit, die bei wiederholter Nutzung von Orten zunimmt) und darauf vertrauen, dass andere Bewohner*innen ihnen den Rücken freihalten. Dabei muss den Menschen nicht immer alles gefallen, was sie an ihrem Wohnort erfahren. Aber in dichten Stadtgebieten mit hoher Diversität profitieren die Bewohner*innen von gegenseitigem Wiedererkennen, wenn es um das Sicherheitsempfinden geht.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Social Science ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research & statistics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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  • 41
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    Anthropometric Individualization of Head-Related Transfer Functions Analysis and Modeling (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Human sound localization helps to pay attention to spatially separated speakers using interaural level and time differences as well as angle-dependent monaural spectral cues. In a monophonic teleconference, for instance, it is much more difficult to distinguish between different speakers due to missing binaural cues. Spatial positioning of the speakers by means of binaural reproduction methods using head-related transfer functions (HRTFs) enhances speech comprehension. These HRTFs are influenced by the torso, head and ear geometry as they describe the propagation path of the sound from a source to the ear canal entrance. Through this geometry-dependency, the HRTF is directional and subject-dependent. To enable a sufficient reproduction, individual HRTFs should be used. However, it is tremendously difficult to measure these HRTFs. For this reason this thesis proposes approaches to adapt the HRTFs applying individual anthropometric dimensions of a user. Since localization at low frequencies is mainly influenced by the interaural time difference, two models to adapt this difference are developed and compared with existing models. Furthermore, two approaches to adapt the spectral cues at higher frequencies are studied, improved and compared. Although the localization performance with individualized HRTFs is slightly worse than with individual HRTFs, it is nevertheless still better than with non-individual HRTFs, taking into account the measurement effort.
    Keywords: Technology & Engineering ; Electronics ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TJ Electronics and communications engineering::TJF Electronics engineering ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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  • 42
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    Maßnahmen zur Unterstützung kognitiver und metakognitiver Prozesse in der Studieneingangsphase (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Bedingt durch die zunehmende Heterogenität der Studierendenschaft rücken die Studienschwierigkeiten in der Studieneingangsphase immer mehr in den Fokus naturwissenschaftsdidaktischer Forschungs- und Entwicklungsarbeiten. In den bisherigen Untersuchungen werden die beim Übergang in die Hochschule auftretenden Lern-, Reflexions- und Entscheidungsprozesse allerdings kaum betrachtet. Vor diesem Hintergrund beschreibt die vorliegende Arbeit anhand des Lernzentrums 'Physiktreff' an der Universität Paderborn die evidenzbasierte Entwicklung und Gestaltung geeigneter Unterstützungsmaßnahmen. Das Maßnahmenpaket des universitären Lernzentrums 'Physiktreff' wurde mit einem Design-Based-Research-Ansatz in mehreren Zyklen entwickelt und mithilfe von schriftlichen Fragebogenerhebungen und leitfadengestützten Interviews evaluiert. Die Analyse von Nutzungstypen stellte je nach Typ unterschiedliche Wirkungen des 'Physiktreffs' fest, z.B. zeigt der 'Physiktreff' Wirkungen in transitionsbedingten Krisen und bei der Vorbereitung auf Prüfungen. Außerdem konnte eine zunächst theoretisch begründete Modellierung der Prozesse in der Studieneingangsphase empirisch fundiert werden.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; Psychology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JM Psychology
    Language: German
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  • 43
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    Zur Förderung des Verständnisses der Variablenkontrolle im naturwissenschaftlichen Sachunterricht (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Naturwissenschaftliche Grundbildung im Sinne der Scientific Literacy umfasst das Erlernen inhaltlicher Konzepte sowie naturwissenschaftlicher Denk-, Arbeitsu- und Handlungsweisen. Auch in der Sachunterrichtsdidaktik werden entsprechende Ziele formuliert. Fachdidaktische und entwicklungspsychologische Forschungsergebnisse zeigen, dass Grundschulkinder systematische Strategien der Hypothesenprüfung (Variablenisolation und -kontrolle) erlernen können. Dabei scheint die Unterstützungsmaßnahme des Modeling besonders geeignet. In einem Prä-Post-Follow-up-Design mit Baseline wurden unter Kontrolle der Lernvoraussetzungen die Auswirkungen einer Förderung des Verständnisses der Variablenkontrolle im Kontext Magnetismus durch Modeling im Vergleich zu einem am Offenen Experimentieren orientierten Lernsetting auf (1) eigenständiges Bewerten und Entwickeln von Experimenten, (2) Transferfähigkeit, (3) Entwicklung, Durchführung und Bewertung eigener Experimente, (4) Qualität bzgl. des erreichten Niveaus der Experimente und (5) motivationale Schülermerkmale geprüft. Zur differenzierten Erfassung kamen ein Paper-Pencil-Test und ein videographiertes Interview zum Einsatz. Es konnte gezeigt werden, dass (1) beide Gruppen von der Intervention profitierten, die Daten einer Baseline jedoch auf einen Testwiederholungseffekt hindeuteten. Einflüsse der Intervention auf die anderen Bereiche konnten nachgewiesen werden. Eine Förderung durch Modeling wirkte sich auf alle vier genannten Bereiche (2)-(5) positiv aus.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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  • 44
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    Providing orbit information with predetermined bounded accuracy (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: The exchange of orbit information is becoming more important in view of the increasing population of objects in space as well as the increase in parties involved in space operations. The aim of this thesis was to investigate how orbit information maintained by a space surveillance system can be provided to its users. Services like collision avoidance require very accurate information, while other services might be less stringent. An approach was studied, which allows to derive orbit and covariance information of predetermined accuracy from a reference orbit. Using Chebyshev polynomials, continuous state vector and covariance matrix information can be provided. The major advantage is that no inter- or extrapolation on the user's side is required. A method to reduce the data amount by interpolating the variance envelope functions was also studied. The proposed method in this thesis gives access to highly accurate information from the catalogue, where this information is required. On the other hand it can also provide less accurate information, where requirements are less restrictive, thereby allowing for a significantly reduced amount of data to be transferred and stored.
    Keywords: Computers ; Computer Science ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    The Occurrence of Separate Opinions at the Federal Constitutional Court (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Courts with the right to constitutional review exert considerable power in a political system. However, especially for Kelsenian constitutional courts there are hardly any large-N studies. This is mainly due to a lack of data. For the German Federal Constitutional Court, this gap has been closed by building a novel database, the development of which is depicted in this book. Employing data from this database, the occurrence of separate opinions in general and their different types in particular are analyzed. The book introduces a new, universal theory that reconciles and expands existing explanations. In a second step, the theory is applied to the German Federal Constitutional Court. It can be proven that one factor that has been neglected so far plays a decisive role: The judges' behavior depends on the profession they pursue after their time in office. Moreover, the study shows that -- contrary to the common literature -- it is not mainly the topic that determines a case's conflict potential but rather the number of issues a decision has to address.
    Keywords: Law ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Modellierung und Erfassung von Kompetenzen naturwissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisgewinnung bei (Lehramts-) Studierenden im Fach Physik (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Für Studiengänge an deutschen Hochschulen wird heute meistens eine Orientierung an Kompetenzen eingefordert. Die zur Messung dieser Kompetenzen nötigen Testinstrumente fehlen aber weitestgehend. Im Kooperationsprojekt "Ko-WADiS", in dem diese Studie angesiedelt war, wurde ein Kompetenztest zur naturwissenschaftlichen Erkenntnisgewinnung entwickelt. Erkenntnisgewinnung wird dabei als ein komplexer Problemlöseprozess im Sinne des Scientific Reasoning angesehen. Auf Grundlage dieser theoretischen Überlegungen wurden zunächst ein Kompetenzmodell adaptiert und Items entwickelt. Für diese Studie wurde der Kompetenztest in einer querschnittlichen Untersuchung bei Studierenden der Physik eingesetzt. Die empirischen Ergebnisse deuten auf die beste Passung eines eindimensionalen Modells hin. Auf Basis dieses Modells wurden weitere Analysen vorgenommen. Hierbei wird deutlich, dass erwartungskonform Masterstudierende einen höheren Kompetenzstand als Bachelorstudierende haben. Gleichzeitig gibt es Evidenz für einen signifikanten Vorteil der Fachstudierenden im Vergleich zu den Lehramtsstudierenden. Keine Vorteile zeigen sich hingegen für Lehramtsstudierende der Physik mit einem weiteren naturwissenschaftlichen Fach.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Computereinsatz in Schule und Schülerlabor (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-03-03
    Description: Die Einstellung von Lehrkräften bestimmt deren Handeln mit. Die vorliegende Studie befasst sich mit dem Nutzungsverhalten und der Einstellung von Physiklehrkräften bzgl. Computern und Neuen Medien im unterrichtlichen Zusammenhang. Außerdem werden die Einstellung und Einschätzung von Schülerinnen und Schülern zu diesem Thema untersucht. Methodisch wurden dazu sowohl quantitative Analysemethoden auf Basis von Fragebögen, als auch qualitative Methoden wie halboffene Interviews genutzt und kombiniert. Durch die explorative Untersuchung konnte festgestellt werden, dass sich die Einstellung zum Computereinsatz im Physikunterricht in sechs Dimensionen beschreiben lässt, auf deren Basis die Lehrkräfte in fünf Gruppen klassifiziert werden: Verhinderte Nutzer, Neugierige, Computerenthusiasten, Realisten und Meider. Für jede dieser Gruppen lassen sich unterschiedliche Handlungsempfehlungen formulieren, um den Einsatz Neuer Medien bei Physiklehrkräften zu fördern.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    High Performance Propagation of Large Object Populations in Earth Orbits (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-14
    Description: Orbital debris is becoming an increasing problem for space flight missions. New satellite launches, explosions, collisions and other events cause a steady rise in the number of objects orbiting the Earth. It is therefore important to determine the future development of the object population, as well as the effectiveness of debris mitigation measures, in long-term simulations. Orbital propagation, the calculation of an object's movement in its orbit, poses a challenge for this research due to the high computation times of the complex perturbation models involved. With populations consisting of hundreds of thousands of objects as well as simulation time frames of up to 200 years, these calculations can take up hours of computation time. To speed up this process, the analytical propagator Ikebana is introduced in this work of applied computer science in engineering. The program runs on graphics processing units, hardware designed for massively parallel execution of up to thousands of concurrent threads. This reduces the overall run time for large object populations from hours to minutes. Porting software from a conventional CPU is not a trivial task and involves a number of potential pitfalls and optimization opportunities which are detailed in this work. The propagator is integrated into other applications via a generic, multi-platform interface specifically designed for this task. It allows to develop the propagator separately and integrate it into other tools as a plugin at run time. The interface's architecture serves as a design template for analytical propagation software.
    Keywords: Computers ; Computer Science ; Technology & Engineering ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::U Computing and Information Technology::UY Computer science ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Zentrale Themen der Ideengeschichte physikdidaktischer Forschung in Deutschland anhand ausgew ̈ahlter Originalquellen (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-11-15
    Description: Die Didaktik der Physik ist im deutschsprachigen Raum mittlerweile fest etabliert. Ihre Akteur_innen haben ein Selbstverständnis als eigene wissenschaftliche Disziplin entwickelt, die eigene Forschungsfelder und -fragestellungen in den Fokus nimmt und mit spezifischen Forschungsformaten und -methoden untersucht. Die Forschungsaktivität in dieser Disziplin nimmt seit Jahren stetig zu und differenziert sich inhaltlich immer stärker aus, so dass es in der Didaktik der Physik kaum noch möglich ist, einen Überblick über alle Entwicklungen zu behalten. Zugleich sind die eigenen ideengeschichtlichen Wurzeln dieser Disziplin im aktuellen Forschungsbetrieb nicht mehr sehr präsent. Gerade Nachwuchswissenschaftler_innen sind sie nicht immer bewusst. Als Ergebnis einer über 3 Jahren dauernden Delphi-Studie legen wir in diesem Band eine Sammlung von Verweisen auf grundlegende und wegweisende Literatur der Physikdidaktik vor, die von Expert_innen jeweils kurz in den wissenschaftshistorischen Kontext eingeordnet werden. Es handelt sich hier nicht um ein Lehrbuch, sondern um eine Ressource, die die die historische Vielfalt physikdidaktischer Denk- und Forschungsansätze kompakt zugänglich macht und die zur Reflexion über die Fachdidaktik und ihr Selbstverständnis als wissenschaftliche Disziplin anregen soll. Sie möchte auf sinnvolle und ökonomische Weise die historische »Werdung« der Physikdidaktik nahebringen.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Flipped Classroom im Physikunterricht (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-02
    Description: Flipped Classroom ist eine innovative Unterrichtsmethode, bei der sich Schülerinnen und Schüler zuhause mit Lernvideos auf den Unterricht vorbereiten. Im Unterricht selbst steht dann die Anwendung und Vertiefung des Wissens in kooperativen Lernsettings im Vordergrund. Wissenschaftlich ist der Einsatz dieser Methode im deutschen Schulunterricht bislang nicht untersucht worden, auch nicht im Physikunterricht. Haben die Schülerinnen und Schüler hier einen höheren Lernzuwachs? Ändern sich das Selbstkonzept, das Fachinteresse und die Motivation? Welche Rolle spielt dabei das Leistungsvermögen oder das Geschlecht? Die vorliegende quasi-experimentelle Interventionsstudie im Pre-/Postdesign mit Kontrollgruppe untersuchte den Einsatz des Flipped Classroom im Physikunterricht. Dabei zeigten sich positive Effekte auf den Lernerfolg sowie teilweise auf affektive Lernmerkmale. Motivational profitierten vor allem die Mädchen vom Flipped Classroom, die Jungen hingegen verbesserten deutlich ihre Hausaufgabendisziplin.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Das Amalgam Anfangs-Elektrizitätslehreunterricht (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: In fachdidaktischen Interventionsstudien wird Unterricht auf Basis neu entwickelter Unterrichtskonzepte öfter mit "traditionellem Unterricht" verglichen. Eine vertiefte Auseinandersetzung mit "traditionellem Unterricht" bei Interventionsstudien ermöglicht einen differenzierteren Blick auf deren Ergebnisse, aber auch ein tieferes Verständnis von Akzeptanzhürden, die bei der Umsetzung neuer Unterrichtskonzepte auftreten können. In dieser Studie wurde daher der Anfangs-Elektrizitäts -lehreunterricht von 32 Lehrkräften in Bayern, Hessen und Österreich beleuchtet: Einerseits wurden Elemente der individuell umgesetzten Sachstruktur der Lehrkräfte mithilfe von Logbüchern und Schülerheften rekonstruiert. Andererseits wurde der Zusammenhang zwischen ausgewählten Lehrkräfte- und Schülervariablen untersucht. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass sich für die Auswahl und Abfolge von Fachinhalten und den Einsatz von Analogiemodellen einige Muster identifizieren lassen, denen ein Großteil der Lehrkräfte folgte. Im Zuge von Mehrebenenanalysen konnten die erhobenen Aspekte des Professionswissens der Lehrkräfte in einer Betrachtung des Gesamtsamples der Lernenden nicht als Prädiktor für fachlichen Lernerfolg identifiziert werden, jedoch für das Sub-Sample der Lehrkräfte mit weniger als zehn Dienstjahren. Für die Entwicklung des Fachinteresses und des physikbezogenen Selbstkonzepts der Lernenden stellten sich die epistemologischen Vorstellungen und die Selbstwirksamkeitserwartung der Lehrkräfte im Umgang mit Schülervorstellungen als Prädiktoren heraus.
    Keywords: Education ; Science ; Physics ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::P Mathematics & science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Erosion des Rechtsstaats? (2022)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: Die Missachtung rechtsstaatlicher Grundsätze ist schon seit Längerem in Deutschland "salonfähig". Verursacht ist dieses "Phänomen" vor allem durch die der Exekutive zuzurechnenden politischen Entscheider in Regierungsfunktion, aber auch durch Bundes- und Landesverwaltungen bzw. deren Behörden. In diesem Kontext ist die zunehmende "Rechtsverweigerung" durch z.B. eine "überlange" Verfahrensdauer bei den Gerichten angesiedelt, welche unzureichende Personal- und Sachmittelausstattungen "beklagen". Hinzu kommen Probleme bei der Strafverfolgung, wonach beim Bürger der Eindruck entstanden ist, der Rechtsstaat habe die "Kontrolle" verloren. Die beschriebenen "Gefährdungen" des deutschen Rechtsstaats nehmen in der "Corona-Krise" erschreckende Dimensionen an. Die zerstörerische Kraft der neuartigen Viruserkrankung, welche auch Deutschland nach wie vor fest im Griff hat, entblößt schonungslos (weitere) Schwächen des deutschen Rechts- und Wohlfahrtsstaats, gerade auch durch das nach wie vor "kranke" Gesundheitswesen. Wenn in dieser Situation in der Presse darüber "Jubel" ausbricht, dass der Rechtsstaat doch gezeigt habe, er sei "gesund", weil die Gerichtsbarkeit immerhin über 1.000 Verfahren im Zusammenhang mit Corona-Maßnahmen zur Erledigung gebracht habe, ist dies lediglich eine "Schwächenverdrängung in der Krise". Ohne Zweifel gebührt der Gerichtsbarkeit hier "großes Lob". Durch besagte Gerichtsentscheidungen, welche letztlich auch nur (verfassungs-)rechtliche Momentaufnahmen in einer infektionsdominierten Zeit sein können, ist die Gefährdung des "Erfolgsmodells Rechtsstaat" aber noch nicht einmal ansatzweise beseitigt, dessen Erosionsprozess inzwischen vielmehr "evident" ist. Mit diesen Fragen, insbesondere auch im Hinblick auf "Corona", beschäftigt sich die vorliegende Abhandlung, wobei ebenfalls die massiven ökonomischen und sozialen Folgen des Infektionsgeschehens nicht "unbehandelt" bleiben.
    Keywords: Law ; Business & Economics ; Public Finance ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KF Finance & accounting::KFF Finance::KFFD Public finance ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: German
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    Social Indicators for Aboriginal Governance (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Government policy; Social conditions; Aboriginal australians
    Keywords: government policy ; social conditions ; aboriginal australians ; Census ; Community Development Employment Projects ; Darwin ; Northern Territory ; Indigenous Australians ; Northern Territory ; Wadeye ; Northern Territory ; Workforce ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Diagnostische Prozesse von Studierenden des Lehramts (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Eine lernendenorientierte und adaptive Gestaltung von Unterricht erfordert von den Lehrkräften, dass sie vorhandene Kompetenzen und Lernprozesse der Schülerinnen und Schüler diagnostizieren. Außerdem müssen sie die Anforderungen von Aufgaben mit Blick auf deren Passung zu den Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler analysieren können. Eine derart verstandene "diagnostische Kompetenz" wird als zentrales Professionalisierungsziel von Lehrkräften angesehen. Vor diesem Hintergrund wurden die diagnostischen Prozesse von acht Studierenden mit den Fächern Physik und Mathematik in zwei aufeinander folgenden Lehrveranstaltungen zur Diagnostik untersucht, um Potentiale und Lernhindernisse im Kompetenzaufbau zu identifizieren. In beiden Veranstaltungen bildeten Vignetten von Lernprozessen den Ausgangspunkt für studentische Diagnosen. Forschungsgegenstand waren u.a. schriftliche Diagnosen der Studierenden im Prä-Post-Vergleich sowie auf Video aufgezeichnete studentische Diskurse bei der Diagnose von Lernprozessen der Schülerinnen und Schüler. Die Analysen erfassen u.a., auf welche Komponenten eines Diagnoseprozesses die Studierenden in welcher Weise Bezug nehmen und welche (fach-) didaktischen überlegungen bzw. Theoriebezüge sie in ihren Diagnosen als Referenzpunkte nutzen. Die Ergebnisse zeigen, dass auf struktureller Ebene zwar alle Komponenten thematisiert, aber inhaltlich nicht entlang einer typischen Abfolge miteinander verbunden werden. Trotz inhaltlicher Prompts wird nur selten explizit auf Theoriebezüge zurückgegriffen.
    Keywords: Mathematics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PB Mathematics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Civic Insecurity: Law, Order and HIV in Papua New Guinea (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Papua New Guinea has a complex ‘law and order’ problem and an entrenched epidemic of HIV. This book explores their interaction. It also probes their joint challenges and opportunities—most fundamentally for civic security, a condition that could offersome immunity to both. This book is a valuable and timely contribution to a limited but growing body of scholarship in the social and structural contexts of HIV epidemiology in Papua New Guinea. The volume offers a unique collection of interdisciplinary insights on the connections between law and order and the HIV epidemic and is presented in a manner accessible to a wide audience, scholars and lay people alike… Significantly, this is the first volume to critically examine the complex and inexorable links between HIV, gender, violence, and security within a theoretical framework thv at illuminates the challenges of the epidemic for PNG’s future cohesion and stability as a young nation…The importance of this courageous book cannot be overstated. While it communicates an urgent and potent message about the need for immediate action … it offers insightful reflections on the processes and possibilities of social transformation that undoubtedly will have enduring scholarly and practical value. Dr Katherine Lepani, Social Foundations of Medicine, The Australian National University.
    Keywords: politics and goverment ; law enforcement ; social conditions ; papua new guinea ; aids ; crime ; hiv infections ; Condom ; HIV/AIDS ; Portable Network Graphics ; Prostitution ; Rape ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LA Jurisprudence & general issues::LAQ Law & society
    Language: English
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    Pillars and Shadows: Statebuilding as peacebuilding in Solomon Islands (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: This volume of the Peacebuilding Compared Project examines the sources of the armed conflict and coup in the Solomon Islands before and after the turn of the millennium. The Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) has been an intensive peacekeeping operation, concentrating on building ‘core pillars’ of the modern state. It did not take adequate notice of a variety of shadow sources of power in the Solomon Islands, for example logging and business interests, that continue to undermine the state’s democratic foundations. At first RAMSI’s statebuilding was neither very responsive to local voices nor to root causes of the conflict, but it slowly changed tack to a more responsive form of peacebuilding. The craft of peace as learned in the Solomon Islands is about enabling spaces for dialogue that define where the mission should pull back to allow local actors to expand the horizons of their peacebuilding ambition.
    Keywords: ethnic conflict ; politics and government ; solomon islands ; history ; peace building ; Guadalcanal ; Honiara ; Peacebuilding ; Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTJ Peace studies & conflict resolution ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Parental Life Courses after Separation and Divorce in Europe (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book assembles landmark studies on divorce and separation in European countries, and how this affects the life of parents and children. It focuses on four major areas of post-separation lives, namely (1) economic conditions, (2) parent-child relationships, (3) parent and child well-being, and (4) health. Through studies from several European countries, the book showcases how legal regulations and social policies influence parental and child well-being after divorce and separation. It also illustrates how social policies are interwoven with the normative fabric of a country. For example, it is shown that father-child contact after separation is more intense in those countries which have adopted policies that encourage shared parenting. Correspondingly, countries that have adopted these regulations are at the forefront of more egalitarian gender role attitudes. Apart from a strong emphasis on the legal and social policy context, the studies in this volume adopt a longitudinal perspective and situate post-separation behaviour and well-being in the life course. The longitudinal perspective opens up new avenues for research to understand how behaviour and conditions prior or at divorce and separation affect later behaviour and well-being. As such this book is of special appeal to scholars of family research as well as to anyone interested in the role of divorce and separation in Europe in the 21st century.
    Keywords: Life course ; Population Economics ; Quality of Life Research ; Sociology of Family, Youth and Aging ; European Politics ; Life Course ; Open access ; Separation ; Divorce ; Well-being ; Parent-child relationships ; post-separation families ; Parental and Child well-being ; economic conditions after divorce ; Sociology ; Political economy ; Population & demography ; Personal & public health ; Public health & preventive medicine ; Sociology: family & relationships ; Politics & government ; Europe ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics::KCP Political economy ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine::MBNH Personal & public health ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBK Sociology: family & relationships ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
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    Transformation and Development (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book features various studies on democratization, transformation, political and economic development, and security issues in the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe (OSCE) geographical region and beyond. Written by experts and academics in the fields of human rights, security, transformation and development, particularly in post-soviet and communist countries, it examines the status quo of regime development in various member states of the OSCE; their economic, security and human rights performance; institutional reforms and transformations and the challenges that these countries and their societies face, including the USA, Canada, Germany, Macedonia, Russia, Turkey, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan and Mongolia. This is the 2019 edition of this Compilation Series of the OSCE Academy. The OSCE works to promote Minority Protection, Security, Democratic Development and Human Rights guided by the Office for Democratic Institutions and Human Rights (ODIHR), and to enhance securitization and development policies in Eurasia, Europe, Central Asia and North America. Since being founded in 1993, the OSCE and its agencies and departments have attracted a wealth of academic research in various fields and disciplines, ranging from economic development and election monitoring to enhancing global principles of human rights and securitization. About the OSCE Academy in Bishkek: Founded in 2004, the Academy offers post-Doc research fellowships and runs two Master Degrees, one in Economic Governance and Development and one in Politics and Security in Central Asia. The Academy"s regular academic programs and conference contributes to developing human professional capital in the sectors of particular importance for Central Asian states and societies. The Academy's graduates and visiting researchers contribute to economic development, governance and policy-making in Central Asia and beyond the OSCE region. Website: http://www.osce-academy.net/en/about/
    Keywords: Regional Development ; Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights ; International Security Studies ; Development Policy ; Democracy ; Organization for Security and Cooperation ; Regime transformation ; Securitization policies ; Democratization ; Human Rights ; Belt and Road Initiative ; Autocracies ; Transformation studies ; Open Access book ; New Silk Road ; Development studies ; Politics & government ; International relations ; Political structures: democracy ; bic Book Industry Communication::G Reference, information & interdisciplinary subjects::GT Interdisciplinary studies::GTF Development studies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPH Political structure & processes::JPHV Political structures: democracy
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    Conceptualizing Environmental Citizenship for 21st Century Education (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This Open Access book is about the development of a common understanding of environmental citizenship. It conceptualizes and frames environmental citizenship taking an educational perspective. Organized in four complementary parts, the book first explains the political, economic and societal dimensions of the concept. Next, it examines environmental citizenship as a psychological concept with a specific focus on knowledge, values, beliefs and attitudes. It then explores environmental citizenship within the context of environmental education and education for sustainability. It elaborates responsible environmental behaviour, youth activism and education for sustainability through the lens of environmental citizenship. Finally, it discusses the concept within the context of different educational levels, such as primary and secondary education in formal and non-formal settings. Environmental citizenship is a key factor in sustainability, green and cycle economy, and low-carbon society, and an important aspect in addressing global environmental problems. It has been an influential concept in many different arenas such as economy, policy, philosophy, and organizational marketing. In the field of education, the concept could be better exploited and established, however. Education and, especially, environmental discourses in science education have a great deal to contribute to the adoption and promotion of environmental citizenship.
    Keywords: Science Education ; Sustainable Development ; Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights ; Environmental and Sustainability Education ; Environmental Social Sciences ; Human Rights ; Sustainability / sustainable development ; Environmental citizenship ; Environmental citizen ; Environmental education ; Education for environmental citizenship ; Education for sustainability ; ENEC ; EU Horizon 2020 ; EU-roadmap 2050 ; European Network for Environmental Citizenship ; Environmental Behavior ; Environmental citizenship from educational perspective ; Open Access ; Teaching of a specific subject ; Science: general issues ; Sustainability ; Politics & government ; Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNU Teaching of a specific subject ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education
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    A Dissident Liberal. The Political Writings of Peter Baume (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: In the ‘broad church’ of the Australian Liberal Party, rarely has there been a maverick so unrelenting in his commitment to personal principles as Senator Peter Baume. Over a parliamentary career spanning 17 years, three ministerial portfolios and five party leaders, Baume was increasingly pitted against his own party room. In A Dissident Liberal: The Political Writings of Peter Baume, we learn of personal threats, crises, constitutional confrontation and the tension between conservatism and classical liberalism—and between ideology and toeing the party line. This collection of personal observations, speeches and commentaries on contentious policy issues presents a valuable resource for students of Australian political history.
    Keywords: australia ; political history ; australian liberal party ; peter baume ; Australia ; Australian Senate ; Liberalism ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Anomie and Violence (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Indonesia suffered an explosion of religious violence, ethnic violence, separatist violence, terrorism, and violence by criminal gangs, the security forces and militias in the late 1990s and early 2000s. By 2002 Indonesia had the worst terrorism problem of any nation. All these forms of violence have now fallen dramatically. How was this accomplished? What drove the rise and the fall of violence? Anomie theory is deployed to explain these developments. Sudden institutional change at the time of the Asian financial crisis and the fall of President Suharto meant the rules of the game were up for grabs. Valerie Braithwaite’s motivational postures theory is used to explain the gaming of the rules and the disengagement from authority that occurred in that era. Ultimately resistance to Suharto laid a foundation for commitment to a revised, more democratic, institutional order. The peacebuilding that occurred was not based on the high-integrity truth-seeking and reconciliation that was the normative preference of these authors. Rather it was based on non-truth, sometimes lies, and yet substantial reconciliation. This poses a challenge to restorative justice theories of peacebuilding.
    Keywords: politics and government ; conflictmanagement ; social conditions ; social conflict ; indonesia ; political violence ; Aceh ; Dayak people ; Indigenous people of New Guinea ; Madurese people ; Maluku Islands ; Papua (province) ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Coup: Reflections on the Political Crisis in Fiji (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: May 19, 2000. Fiji’s democratically elected multiracial government is hijacked by a group of armed gunmen led by George Speight, and held hostage for fifty days. Suva, the capital, is torched and looted as Speight’s supporters gather on the lawns of the parliamentary complex, dancing, cooking food, celebrating the purported abrogation of the constitution that brought the People’s Coalition government to power. The country is plunged into darkness yet again, enduring the pain of three coups in a period of just thirteen years. The process of healing and reconciliation, symbolised by the enactment of a new Constitution, unanimously approved by Parliament and blessed by the powerful Great Council of Chiefs, lies discarded, as winds of ethnic chauvinism sweep through the countryside, damaging the fragile fabric of multiculturalism that was carefully constructed by so many over many years. The economy is on the brink of collapse, investor confidence has vanished, and the best and the brightest are seeking succour on other shores. Fiji falls victim, yet again, to the prejudice and greed of a section of its people. This book gathers together a handful of memoirs of those tragic events in Fiji. They were written while the gun was still smoking; personal, anguished reactions of people from all walks of life, concerned about a country they all love but deeply distressed by the developments there. They are first reactions. They will in time become essential building blocks for a larger interpretive framework of academic analysis about origins, processes and impacts. Straight from the heart, these memoirs will be remembered as the people of Fiji and their friends elsewhere contemplate the wreckage and ruin brought about by that act of madness in the month of May 2000.
    Keywords: politics and goverment ; fiji ; 2000 Fijian coup d'état ; Fijians ; George Speight ; Indo-Fijians ; Mahendra Chaudhry ; Sitiveni Rabuka ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    The 2006 Military Takeover in Fiji (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This book explores the factors behind – and the implications of – the 2006 coup. It brings together contributions from leading scholars, local personalities, civil society activists, union leaders, journalists, lawyers, soldiers and politicians – including deposed Prime Ministers Laisenia Qarase and Mahendra Chaudhry. The 2006 Military Takeover in Fiji: A Coup to End All Coups? is essential reading for those with an interest in the contemporary history of Fiji, politics in deeply divided societies, or in military intervention in civilian politics.
    Keywords: politics and government ; government ; history ; 21th century ; fiji ; Democracy ; Fijians ; Frank Bainimarama ; Laisenia Qarase ; Mahendra Chaudhry ; Republic of Fiji Military Forces ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Movement, Knowledge, Emotion (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: This book is about community activism around HIV/AIDS in Australia. It looks at the role that the gay community played in the social, medical and political response to the virus. Drawing conclusions about the cultural impact of social movements, the author argues that AIDS activism contributed to improving social attitudes towards gay men and lesbians in Australia, while also challenging some entrenched cultural patterns of the Australian medical system, allowing greater scope for non-medical intervention into the domain of health and illness. The book documents an important chapter in the history of public health in Australia and explores how HIV/AIDS came to be a defining issue in the history of gay and lesbian rights in Australia.
    Keywords: government policy ; australia ; aids ; political aspects ; public health ; hiv ; gay ; homosexuality ; HIV/AIDS ; LGBT community ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine
    Language: English
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    Passage of Change (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Numerous issues face Pacific states trying to find their way in the early 21st century. Countries are striving to secure the benefits of modernisation. Governance, law and order are needed to reach such a goal, but development cannot be at the price of culture or the environment. The question of how to develop and maintain sound legal systems and legal rules whilst maintaining the unique cultural heritages within the Pacific is a challenge with no easy answer. This interdisciplinary collection locates issues of law and governance within the particular socio-political context of the Pacific island region, presenting sociological, anthropological and political insights alongside jurisprudential analysis. Key issues including corruption, the role of customary law in modern legal systems, the place of human rights in the Pacific, environmental issues and the structure of the state are explored from a variety of perspectives.
    Keywords: customary law ; politics and government ; social conditions ; jurisprudence ; pacific area ; Human rights ; Ombudsman ; Vanuatu ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Global Citizenship Education (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-02
    Description: This open access book takes a critical and international perspective to the mainstreaming of the Global Citizenship Concept and analyses the key issues regarding global citizenship education across the world. In that respect, it addresses a pressing need to provide further conceptual input and to open global citizenship agendas to diversity and indigeneity. Social and political changes brought by globalisation, migration and technological advances of the 21st century have generated a rise in the popularity of the utopian and philosophical idea of global citizenship. In response to the challenges of today’s globalised and interconnected world, such as inequality, human rights violations and poverty, global citizenship education has been invoked as a means of preparing youth for an inclusive and sustainable world. In recent years, the development of global citizenship education and the building of students’ global citizenship competencies have become a focal point in global agendas for education, international educational assessments and international organisations. However, the concept of global citizenship education still remains highly contested and subject to multiple interpretations, and its operationalisation in national educational policies proves to be challenging. This volume aims to contribute to the debate, question the relevancy of global citizenship education’s policy objectives and to enhance understanding of local perspectives, ideologies, conceptions and issues related to citizenship education on a local, national and global level. To this end, the book provides a comprehensive and geographically based overview of the challenges citizenship education faces in a rapidly changing global world through the lens of diversity and inclusiveness. ;
    Keywords: International and Comparative Education ; Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights ; Sociology of Education ; Environmental and Sustainability Education ; Educational Policy and Politics ; Human Rights ; Global social justice in education ; Global Citizenship Education GCE ; Preparing youth for a sustainable world ; 2030 Agenda for Sustainable Development ; United Nations ; Citizenship education ; Intercultural education ; Multicultural education ; Education for sustainable development ; Education for social justice ; Global competence ; International educational policies ; UNESCO ; Open Access ; Education ; Politics & government ; Social research & statistics ; Sustainability ; Educational strategies & policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JN Education::JNF Educational strategies & policy
    Language: English
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    In the Eye of the Storm (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: To read this evocative book is to be thrust into a Fiji that has, for the moment, been snuffed out by military might: a Fiji of political parties, parliamentary politics, elections, manifestoes, campaigns, democractic defence of interests, party manoeuvres, and constitutional protection of rights and freedoms. It is a comprehensive and eloquent re-telling of the story of Fiji politics from independence in 1970 to 1999 through the perspective of Fiji’s greatest living statesman, Jai Ram Reddy, by one of the world’s most distinguished scholars of its history and politics.
    Keywords: 20th century ; politics and government ; history ; fiji ; Fiji Times ; Fijians ; Indo-Fijians ; Kamisese Mara ; National Federation Party ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Towards a Natural Social Contract (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This open access book states that the societal fault lines of our times are deeply intertwined and that they confront us with challenges affecting the security, fairness and sustainability of our societies. The author, Prof. Dr. Patrick Huntjens, argues that overcoming these existential challenges will require a fundamental shift from our current anthropocentric and economic growth-oriented approach to a more ecocentric and regenerative approach. He advocates for a Natural Social Contract that emphasizes long-term sustainability and the general welfare of both humankind and planet Earth. Achieving this crucial balance calls for an end to unlimited economic growth, overconsumption and over-individualisation for the benefit of ourselves, our planet, and future generations. To this end, sustainability, health, and justice in all social-ecological systems will require systemic innovation and prioritizing a collective effort. The Transformative Social-Ecological Innovation (TSEI) framework presented in this book serves that cause. It helps to diagnose and advance innovation and spur change across sectors, disciplines, and at different levels of governance. Altogether, TSEI identifies intervention points and formulates jointly developed and shared solutions to inform policymakers, administrators, concerned citizens, and professionals dedicated towards a more sustainable, healthy and just society. A wide readership of students, researchers, practitioners and policy makers interested in social innovation, transition studies, development studies, social policy, social justice, climate change, environmental studies, political science and economics will find this cutting-edge book particularly useful. “As a sustainability transition researcher, I am truly excited about this book. Two unique aspects of the book are that it considers bigger transformation issues (such as societies’ relationship with nature, purpose and justice) than those studied in transition studies and offers analytical frameworks and methods for taking up the challenge of achieving change on the ground.” - Prof. Dr. René Kemp, United Nations University and Maastricht Sustainability Institute
    Keywords: Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights ; Sustainable Development ; Social Policy ; Politics of the Welfare State ; Social Work and Community Development ; Comparative Social Policy ; Social Justice ; Sustainability ; Environmental Social Sciences ; Environmental Anthropology ; Human Security ; Institutional Change ; Planetary Boundaries ; Planetary Health ; Social Contract ; Social Innovation ; Social-Ecological Systems ; Sustainability Transition ; open access ; sustainable development goals ; Politics & government ; Central / national / federal government policies ; Social work ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::R Earth sciences, geography, environment, planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPQ Central government::JPQB Central government policies ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JK Social services & welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare & social services::JKSN Social work ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::R Earth Sciences, Geography, Environment, Planning::RN The environment::RNU Sustainability ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government::JPQ Central / national / federal government::JPQB Central / national / federal government policies ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JK Social services and welfare, criminology::JKS Social welfare and social services::JKSN Social work
    Language: English
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    Does History Matter?: Making and debating citizenship, immigration and refugee policy in Australia and New Zealand (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: This volume of essays represents the first systematic attempt to explore the use of the past in the making of citizenship and immigration policy in Australia and New Zealand. Focussing on immigration and citizenship policy in Australia and New Zealand, the contributions to this volume explore how history and memory are implicated in policy making and political debate, and what processes of remembering and forgetting are utilised by political leaders when formulating and defending policy decisions. They remind us that a nuanced understanding of the past is fundamental to managing the politics and practicalities of immigration and citizenship in the early 21st century.
    Keywords: citizenship ; government policy ; australia ; immigration ; new zealand ; emigration ; refugees ; Asylum seeker ; Deportation ; Sovereignty ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    The Military and Democracy in Asia and the Pacific (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Politics and government; Militarism; Civil supremacy over the military; Democracy; Asia; Pacific area
    Keywords: politics and government ; militarism ; pacific area ; asia ; democracy ; civil supremacy over the military ; Indonesian National Armed Forces ; Papua New Guinea ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Political Parties in the Pacific Islands (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: While political parties remain an indispensable institutional framework for representation and governance in a democracy, the democracies of many Pacific Islands nations are undermined by the weakness and inefficacy of their local political parties. Addressing the implications of the lack of established party systems across the Pacific, this collection seeks to illuminate the underlying assumptions and suppositions behind the importance of coherent and effective parties to overall democratic functioning. Focusing on the political systems of East Timor, Papua New Guinea, Solomon Islands, Vanuatu, New Caledonia, Fiji and Samoa, the coherent structure of the volume makes it consistently useful as both an articulate analytical text and a reference tool concerning the political composition, history and direction of Pacific states. Featuring contributions from scholars who are familiar names to even the most casual of Pacificists, Political Parties in the Pacific is the benchmark reference work on the political parties of the Pacific: an invaluable resource for students, scholars and researchers of the Pacific and international politics.
    Keywords: political parties ; politics and government ; pacific area ; Fiji ; Fijians ; New Caledonia ; Solomon Islands ; Vanuatu ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    A Trial Separation (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Decolonization; Politics and government; Papua new guinea
    Keywords: politics and government ; papua new guinea ; decolonization ; Australia ; Michael Somare ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Critical Reflections on Australian Public Policy (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: This collection of ‘critical reflections’ on Australian public policy offers a valuable contribution to public discussion of important political and policy issues facing our nation and society. These essays are important not only because of the reputation and position of the various contributors, but because they are incredibly ‘content rich’ and brimming with new ideas.
    Keywords: political planning ; politics and government ; australia ; social policy ; 21st century ; federal government ; policy sciences ; economic policy ; Public policy ; Public sector ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    The Architecture of Security in the Asia-Pacific (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: We cannot expect in East Asia over the foreseeable future to see the sort of conflation of sovereign states that has occurred in Europe. We must anticipate that, for the foreseeable future, the requirement will be for the sensible management and containment of competitive instincts. The establishment of a multilateral security body in East Asia that includes all the key players, and which the major powers invest with the authority to tackle the shaping of the regional security order, remains a critical piece of unfinished business.
    Keywords: national security ; congresses ; pacific asia ; asia ; Association of Southeast Asian Nations ; China ; East Asia ; Great power ; Japan ; North Korea ; Shanghai Cooperation Organisation ; United States ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Eignung von domänenspezifischen Studieneingangsvariablen als Prädiktoren für Studienerfolg im Fach und Lehramt Physik (Volume 307) (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten in den Studiengängen Physik und Lehramt Physik sind sowohl aus bildungspolitischer und institutioneller Sicht als auch aus individueller Perspektive erfolglos Studierender eine Herausforderung. Bisher gibt es nur wenige empirische Studien, die Gründe für niedrige Studienerfolgsquoten bestimmen. Von dieser Situation ausgehend, zielte diese Arbeit auf die Erfassung domänenspezifischer Eingangsvoraussetzungen von Studienanfängerinnen und -anfängern, um daraus mögliche Prädiktoren für einen Studienerfolg zu bestimmen. Den Kern der Arbeit bildet die Konzeption und Evaluation eines Testinstruments zu Studieneingangsvoraussetzungen. Das Instrument umfasst einen Vorwissenstest in Mathematik und Physik sowie einen Test zu domänenspezifischen Verhaltensweisen und Einstellungen. Das selbstentwickelte Instrument wurde bei N = 116 Studierenden eingesetzt, um die Prognosekraft der gemessenen Konstrukte auf einen möglichen Studienerfolg zu schätzen. Dabei zeigte sich der Physikteil des Vorwissenstests in Verbindung mit der Hochschulzugangsberechtigungsnote als signifikanter Prädiktor für den Studienerfolg gemessen am Studienverbleib nach drei Semestern. Dieses Ergebnis stellt im Wesentlichen eine Replikation bereits bekannter Erkenntnisse dar. Es konnten erste Hinweise gefunden werden, dass sich lernzielorientierte Einstellungen positiv auf den Studienerfolg auswirken können.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Statistics ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHB Sociology::JHBC Social research and statistics ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Soeharto's New Order and its Legacy (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Indonesia’s President Soeharto led one of the most durable and effective authoritarian regimes of the second half of the twentieth century. Yet his rule ended in ignominy, and much of the turbulence and corruption of the subsequent years was blamed on his legacy. More than a decade after Soeharto’s resignation, Indonesia is a consolidating democracy and the time has come to reconsider the place of his regime in modern Indonesian history, and its lasting impact. This book begins this task by bringing together a collection of leading experts on Indonesia to examine Soeharto and his legacy from diverse perspectives. In presenting their analyses, these authors pay tribute to Harold Crouch, an Australian political scientist who remains one of the greatest chroniclers of the Soeharto regime and its aftermath.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; history ; soeharto ; economic condtions ; B. J. Habibie ; Democracy ; Indonesia ; Suharto ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Islands of Turmoil (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Politics and government; Social conditions; Economic conditions; Fiji
    Keywords: politics and government ; social conditions ; economic conditions ; fiji ; Fijians ; Indo-Fijians ; National Federation Party ; Sitiveni Rabuka ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Collaborative Governance (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Collaboration has emerged as a central concept in public policy circles in Australia and a panacea to the complex challenges facing Australia. But is this really the cure-all it seems to be? In this edited collection we present scholarly and practitioner perspectives on the drivers, challenges, prospects and promise of collaboration. The papers, first presented at the 2007 ANZSOG Conference, draw on the extensive experience of the contributors in either trying to enact collaboration, or studying the processes of this phenomenon. Together the collection provides important insights into the potential of collaboration, but also the fiercely stubborn barriers to adopting more collaborative approaches to policy and implementation. The collection includes chapter from public servants, third sector managers, and both Australian and international academics which together make it a stimulating read for those working with or within government. It adds considerably to the debate about how to address current challenges of public policy and provides a significant resource for those interested in the realities of collaborative governance.
    Keywords: politics and goverment ; public administration ; australia ; Accountability ; Collaborative governance ; Local government ; Nonprofit organization ; Voluntary sector ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    An Oral History of the Special Olympics in China Volume 1 (2021)
    Springer Nature | Springer
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-02-10
    Description: This open access book is unique in presenting the first oral history of individuals with an intellectual disability and their families in China. In this summary volume and the two accompanying volumes that follow, individuals with an intellectual disability tell their life stories, while their family members, teachers, classmates, and co-workers describe their professional, academic, and family relationships. Besides interview transcripts, each volume provides observations and records in real time the daily experiences of people with an intellectual disability. Drawing on the methodologies of sociology and oral history, the summary volume provides an unprecedented account of how people with intellectual disabilities in China understand themselves while also examining pertinent issues of public policy and civil society that have ramifications beyond the field of disability itself.
    Keywords: Disability Studies ; Social Structure, Social Inequality ; Sports Economics ; Oral History ; Public Health ; Social Justice, Equality and Human Rights ; Biotechnology ; Social Structure ; Human Rights ; Intellectual Disability ; Special Olympics ; human Rights ; Human Rights in China ; Disability Rights ; Open Access ; Sociology ; Social & ethical issues ; Economics ; Oral history ; Public health & preventive medicine ; Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHB Sociology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFF Social issues & processes ; bic Book Industry Communication::K Economics, finance, business & management::KC Economics ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HB History::HBT History: specific events & topics::HBTD Oral history ; bic Book Industry Communication::M Medicine::MB Medicine: general issues::MBN Public health & preventive medicine ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Islamising Indonesian: The Rise of Jemaah Tarbiyah and the Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: The Prosperous Justice Party (PKS) is the most interesting phenomenon in contemporary Indonesian politics. Not only is it growing rapidly in membership and electoral support, it is also bringing a new and markedly different approach to Islamic politics, one which has no precedent in Indonesian history. Understanding PKS and analysing its political behaviour presents challenges to scholars and observers. This is partly due to the fact that the party represents a new trend within Indonesian Islam which has few parallels with preceding movements. Yon Machmudi has rendered us a valuable service. In this book, he provides a thoughtful and authoritative context for viewing PKS. He critiques the existing categorisations for Indonesian Islam and points to their inadequacy when describing the PKS and the campus-based Tarbiyah movement from which it sprang. He reworks the santri typology, dividing it into convergent, radical and global substreams. This offers new possibilities for explaining the PKS phenomenon and assists in differentiating between various types of Islamic revivalism in contemporary Indonesia. It also allows a more understanding of the accommodatory stance which PKS has towards the state and other political forces. Yon’s text provides a good overview of the development of PKS from its Tarbiyah movement origins to its impressive success at the 2004 general elections. It considers the party’s attitude towards the issues of sharia implementation and community welfare and closes by examining the future challenges facing PKS. It is a well written and authoritative account from a scholar who has done wideranging research on the party.
    Keywords: islam ; political parties ; politics and government ; state ; politics ; indonesia ; Islam in Indonesia ; Muslim Brotherhood ; Muslims ; Prosperous Justice Party ; Sharia ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general::JFS Social groups::JFSR Religious groups: social & cultural aspects ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Networked Governance of Freedom and Tyranny (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: This book offers a new approach to the extraordinary story of Timor-Leste. The Indonesian invasion of the former Portuguese colony in 1975 was widely considered to have permanently crushed the Timorese independence movement. Initial international condemnation of the invasion was quickly replaced by widespread acceptance of Indonesian sovereignty. But inside Timor-Leste various resistance networks maintained their struggle, against all odds. Twenty-four years later, the Timorese were allowed to choose their political future and the new country of Timor-Leste came into being in 2002. This book presents freedom in Timor-Leste as an accomplishment of networked governance, arguing that weak networks are capable of controlling strong tyrannies. Yet, as events in Timor-Leste since independence show, the nodes of networks of freedom can themselves become nodes of tyranny. The authors argue that constant renewal of liberation networks is critical for peace with justice – feminist networks for the liberation of women, preventive diplomacy networks for liberation of victims of war, village development networks, civil society networks. Constant renewal of the separation of powers is also necessary. A case is made for a different way of seeing the separation of powers as constitutive of the republican ideal of freedom as non-domination. The book is also a critique of realism as a theory of international affairs and of the limits of reforming tyranny through the centralised agency of a state sovereign. Reversal of Indonesia’s 1975 invasion of Timor-Leste was an implausible accomplishment. Among the things that achieved it was principled engagement with Indonesia and its democracy movement by the Timor resistance. Unprincipled engagement by Australia and the United States in particular allowed the 1975 invasion to occur. The book argues that when the international community regulates tyranny responsively, with principled engagement, there is hope for a domestic politics of nonviolent transformation for freedom and justice. John Braithwaite and Hilary Charlesworth work in the Centre for International Justice and Governance, Regulatory Institutions Network, The Australian National University. Adérito Soares is the Anti-Corruption Commissioner for Timor-Leste.
    Keywords: politics and government ; relations ; australia ; timor-leste ; history ; autonomy ; East Timor ; Fretilin ; Indonesia ; United Nations ; Xanana Gusmão ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Politics and State-building in the Solomon Islands (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Politics and State Building in Solomon Islands examines a crisis moment in recent Solomon Islands history. Contributors examine what happened when unrest engulfed the capital of the small Melanesian country in the aftermath of the 2006 national elections, and consider what these events show about the Solomon Islands political system, the influence of Asian interests in business and politics, and why the crisis is best understood in the context of the country’s volatile blend of traditional and modern politics. Until the disturbances of April 2006 and subsequent deterioration in bilateral relations between Australia and Solomon Islands under the Sogavare government, experts had hailed the Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands (RAMSI) as an unqualified success. Some saw it as a model for ‘cooperative intervention’ in ‘failing states’ worldwide. Following these developments success seems less certain and aspects of the RAMSI model appear flawed. Using the case of Solomon Islands, this book raises fundamental questions about the nature of ‘cooperative intervention’ as a vehicle for state building, asking whether it should be construed as a mainly technical endeavour or whether it is unavoidably a political undertaking with political consequences. Providing a critical but balanced analysis, Politics and State Building in Solomon Islands has important implications for the wider debate about international state-building interventions in ‘failed’ and ‘failing’ states.
    Keywords: politics and government ; solomon islands ; economic conditions ; Allan Kemakeza ; Animal Protection and Rescue League ; Banoštor ; Guadalcanal ; Manasseh Sogavare ; Regional Assistance Mission to Solomon Islands ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Directions in Australian Electoral Reform: Professionalism and Partisanship in Electoral Management (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: Australia has a proud history of being an international leader in electoral administration, and Australian electoral commissions continue to have a professional, non-partisan approach to the management of elections. Yet their independence is constrained by the electoral laws they need to administer, and parliamentary committees charged with the oversight of the conduct of elections do so with a clear partisan bias. Elections are all about winners, but who decides who the winners will be? Voters definitely have a big say, but it is the electoral system that determines how votes translate into seats in parliament. Any changes to the electoral system require the support of those in power, and it is important to question who benefits from electoral reforms. It is not surprising that partisanship plays a role and that governing parties usually benefit, although that is not always the case. This book assesses Australian electoral reforms of the past 30 years using personal interview data and parliamentary debates, to provide a picture of the reform process as well as the outcomes. These issues, such as who gets to vote, the use of postal voting, party registration and vote weighting, have a profound impact on who wins elections. The book also examines Australia’s electoral administration, testing for professionalism, independence and integrity.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; history ; elections ; Northern Territory ; Postal voting ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    The Ayes Have It: The History of the Queensland Parliament 1957-89 (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: ‘The Ayes Have It’ is a fascinating account of the Queensland Parliament during three decades of high-drama politics. It examines in detail the Queensland Parliament from the days of the ‘Labor split’ in the 1950s, through the conservative governments of Frank Nicklin, John Bjelke- Petersen and Mike Ahern, to the fall of the Nationals government led briefly by Russell Cooper in December 1989. The volume traces the rough and tumble of parliamentary politics in the frontier state. The authors focus on parliament as a political forum, on the representatives and personalities that made up the institution over this period, on the priorities and political agendas that were pursued, and the increasingly contentious practices used to control parliamentary proceedings. Throughout the entire history are woven other controversies that repeatedly recur – controversies over state economic development, the provision of government services, industrial disputation and government reactions, electoral zoning and disputes over malapportionment, the impost of taxation in the ‘low tax state’, encroachments on civil liberties and political protests, the perennial topic of censorship, as well as the emerging issues of integrity, concerns about conflicts of interest and the slide towards corruption. There are fights with the federal government – especially with the Whitlam government – and internal fights within the governing coalition which eventually leads to its collapse in 1983, after which the Nationals manage to govern alone for two very tumultuous terms. On the non-government side, the bitterness of the 1950s split was reflected in the early parliaments of this period, and while the Australian Labor Party eventually saw off its rivalrous off-shoot (the QLP-DLP) it then began to implode through waves of internal factional discord.
    Keywords: australia ; politics ; history ; parliament ; Joh Bjelke-Petersen ; National Party of Australia ; Queensland ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Crisis Policymaking: Australia and the East Timor Crisis of 1999 (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: East Timor’s violent transition to independence, which began early in 1999, presented the Australian Government with a significant foreign policy crisis. This crisis was not sudden, totally unexpected or ultimately threatening to Australia’s survival. But the crisis consumed the attention of Australian leaders, saw significant national and international resources employed, and led to the largest operational deployment for the Australian Defence Force since the Vietnam War. This crisis also created a significant rupture in the hitherto carefully-managed relationships between Australia and its important neighbor, Indonesia. The events of September 1999 ultimately led to the birth of a new nation and the deaths of many people who might have otherwise expected to enjoy that independence. In this major study, David Connery examines how the Australian Government—at the political and bureaucratic levels—developed and managed national security policy in the face of this crisis. The events, and the policymaking processes that both led and followed, are reconstructed using sixty interviews with key participants. This study identifies certain characteristics of crisis policymaking in Australia that include a dominant executive, secrecy, external actors and complexity.
    Keywords: politics and goverment ; east timor ; australia ; foreign relations ; Canberra ; Department of Foreign Affairs and Trade (Australia) ; Government of Australia ; Indonesia ; International Force East Timor ; United Nations ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    The General's Goose (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: His admirers said he was a charismatic leader with a dazzling smile, a commoner following an ancient tradition of warrior service on behalf of an indigenous people who feared marginalisation at the hands of ungrateful immigrants. One tourist pleaded with him to stage a coup in her backyard; in private parties around the capital, Suva, infatuated women whispered ‘coup me baby’ in his presence. It was so easy to overlook the enormity of what he had done in planning and implementing Fiji’s first military coup, to be seduced by celebrity, captivated by the excitement of the moment, and plead its inevitability as the final eruption of long-simmering indigenous discontent. A generation would pass before the consequences of the actions of Fiji’s strongman of 1987, Sitiveni Rabuka, would be fully appreciated but, by then, the die had been well and truly cast. The major general did not live happily ever after. No nirvana followed the assertion of indigenous rights. If anything, misadventure became his country’s most enduring contemporary trait. This is Fiji’s very human story.
    Keywords: governance ; politics ; military coup ; sitiveni rabuka ; fiji ; Fiji Times ; Fijians ; Frank Bainimarama ; Laisenia Qarase ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JW Warfare & defence::JWJ Military administration ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JW Warfare and defence::JWJ Military administration
    Language: English
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    Changing South-Pacific (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-29
    Description: The texts collected in this volume take an anthropological approach to the variety of contemporary societal problems which confront the peoples of the contemporary South Pacific: religious revival, the sociology of relations between local groups, regions and nation-States, the problem of culture areas, the place of democracy in the transition of States founded on sacred chiefdoms, the role of ceremonial exchanges in a market economy, and so forth. Each chapter presents a society seen from a specific point of view, but always with reference to the issue of collective identity and its confrontation with history and change. The collection thus invites the reader to understand how the inhabitants of these societies seek to affirm both an individual identity and a sense of belonging to the contemporary world. In doing so, it informs the reader about the contemporary realities experienced by the inhabitants of the South Pacific, with a view to contributing to an intercultural dialogue between the reader and these inhabitants.
    Keywords: politics and government ; oceania ; south pacific ; ethnology ; anthropology ; Aboriginal Australians ; Anga ; Baruya people ; Fa'amatai ; Kinship ; Samoa ; Tonga ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JH Sociology & anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JH Sociology and anthropology::JHM Anthropology ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government
    Language: English
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    Fiducial Governance: An Australian republic for the new millennium (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Fiducial Governance: An Australian republic for the new millennium represents an attempt to grapple with the challenges of designing governance regimes suited to the new millennium. Power’s monograph asserts the need for the reform of Australian governance and charts Australia’s fitful progress towards a republican future. Along the way he sketches a framework for constitutional reform, mindful of the strengths and weaknesses of the current system of government and the contest of ideas about the role and configuration of Australian Heads of State. Long a frustrated Australian republican, Power contends that the republican log jam is due in significant part to a lack of respect shown by the republican policy community to the contribution long made to good governance by monarchical heads of state. This monograph seeks to draw lessons from this experience, so as to make the republican venture one of substance for the Australian public. In so doing, Power draws on a range of republican, indigenous and feminist writings in order to develop a new framework of ‘fiducial governance’ aimed at enhancing the trustworthiness and integrity of our institutions of governance, thereby paving the way for the replacement of the monarch by a directly elected head of state. This is an erudite and thoughtful book that will be of interest to those with an interest in systems of governance and to constitutional scholars, whether they be republicans or monarchists.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; republicanism ; democracy ; English Council of State ; Head of government ; Head of state ; Monograph ; Parliamentary system ; Upper house ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Conflict and Resource Development in the Southern Highlands of PNG (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-05-12
    Description: The Southern Highlands is one of Papua New Guinea’s most resource-rich provinces, but for a number of years the province has been riven by conflict. Longstanding inter-group rivalries, briefly set aside during the colonial period, have been compounded by competition for the benefits provided by the modern state and by fighting over the distribution of returns from the several big mining and petroleum projects located within the province or impinging upon it. Deaths from the various conflicts over the past decade number in the hundreds. As a result of inter-group fighting, criminal activity and vandalism, a number of businesses have withdrawn from the province. Roadblocks and ambushes have made travel dangerous in many parts and expatriate missionaries and aid workers have left. Many public servants have abandoned their posts with the result that state services are not provided. Corruption is rife. Police are often reluctant to act because they are outnumbered and outgunned. This volume brings together a number of authors with deep experience of the Southern Highlands to examine the underlying dynamics of resource development and conflict in the province. Its primary purpose is to provide some background to recent events, but the authors also explore possible approaches to limiting the human and economic costs of the ongoing conflict and breakdown of governance.
    Keywords: natural resources ; papua new guinea ; social conflict ; management ; southern highlands province ; integroup relations ; Hela Province ; Kiap ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Contested Governance: Culture, power and institutions in Indigenous Australia (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: It is gradually being recognised by both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians that getting contemporary Indigenous governance right is fundamental to improving Indigenous well-being and generating sustained socioeconomic development. This collection of papers examines the dilemmas and challenges involved in the Indigenous struggle for the development and recognition of systems of governance that they recognise as both legitimate and effective. The authors highlight the nature of the contestation and negotiation between Australian governments, their agents, and Indigenous groups over the appropriateness of different governance processes, values and practices, and over the application of related policy, institutional and funding frameworks within Indigenous affairs. The long-term, comparative study reported in this monograph has been national in coverage, and community and regional in focus. It has pulled together a multidisciplinary team to work with partner communities and organisations to investigate Indigenous governance arrangements–the processes, structures, scales, institutions, leadership, powers, capacities, and cultural foundations–across rural, remote and urban settings. This ethnographic case study research demonstrates that Indigenous and non-Indigenous governance systems are intercultural in respect to issues of power, authority, institutions and relationships. It documents the intended and unintended consequences–beneficial and negative–arising for both Indigenous and non-Indigenous Australians from the realities of contested governance. The findings suggest that the facilitation of effective, legitimate governance should be a policy, funding and institutional imperative for all Australian governments. This research was conducted under an Australian Research Council Linkage Project, with Reconciliation Australia as Industry Partner.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; social conditions ; aboriginal australians ; economic conditions ; community development ; ACGC Chemical Research Communications ; Indigenous Australians ; Indigenous peoples ; Local government ; Noongar ; Wadeye ; Northern Territory ; Yolngu ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Australia Under Construction (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2023-12-13
    Description: The Australian nation is a work in progress. So conclude the authors whose views are represented in this most recent offering in the ANZSOG monograph series, Australia Under Construction: Nation-building past, present and future. From its beginnings as a settler society through to present day concerns about ‘broadbanding the nation’, the nation-building narrative has resonated with Australians. The very idea of nation-building has both excited the popular imagination about what we might achieve as a society and a nation, and has occasioned despair about missed opportunities. The eleven authors contributing to this monograph reflect on these, and other themes from a variety of perspectives. They challenge our understanding of the term ‘nation-building’, reflect on its contemporary relevance as a framework for public policy and even re-appraise the contribution of past ‘iconic’ nation-building endeavours. To this subject the authors bring intelligence, wit and a healthy disdain for sacred cows. A stimulating read for anyone interested in the history, challenges and prospects of nation-building in Australia.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; social conditions ; economic conditions ; Commonwealth of Nations ; Infrastructure ; Nation-building ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Whistleblowing in the Australian Public Sector: Enhancing the theory and practice of internal witness management in public sector organisations (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-08
    Description: Of the many challenges in public sector management, few are as complex as the management of whistleblowing. Because it can lead to the discovery and rectification of wrongdoing, public interest whistleblowing is widely acknowledged as being positive for organisations and for society at large. However, the conflicts and reprisal risks often associated with whistleblowing also support a widespread belief that every whistleblower is destined to suffer, and nothing can be done to protect them from reprisals. Even if they did it once, sensible employees are often seen as unlikely to ever blow the whistle a second time around. The extensive research in this book reveals a more complex and, fortunately, more positive picture. The product of one of the world’s most comprehensive research projects on whistleblowing, evidence from over 8,000 public servants in over 100 federal, state and local government agencies shows that whistleblowers can and do survive, and that often their role is highly valued. Public sector managers face significant challenges in better managing and protecting whistleblowers. There is great variation between the many public agencies making the effort, and the many agencies where the outcomes — for managers and whistleblowers alike — are still likely to be grim. This book is compulsory reading for all public sector managers who wish to turn this negative trend around, and for anyone interested in public accountability generally.
    Keywords: corruption ; australia ; prevention ; ethics ; whistle blowing ; law and legislation ; Case study ; Job satisfaction ; Public sector ; Workforce ; bic Book Industry Communication::H Humanities::HP Philosophy::HPQ Ethics & moral philosophy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::L Law::LN Laws of Specific jurisdictions ; thema EDItEUR::Q Philosophy and Religion::QD Philosophy::QDT Topics in philosophy::QDTQ Ethics and moral philosophy ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JP Politics and government ; thema EDItEUR::L Law::LN Laws of specific jurisdictions and specific areas of law
    Language: English
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    Modellierung des Fachwissens von Lehrkräften in der Teilchenphysik (Volume 315) (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Die Teilchenphysik als Teilgebiet der modernen Physik gewinnt zunehmend an Bedeutung im schulischen Physikunterricht. In dieser Arbeit wird erstmalig das von Lehrkräften benötigte Fachwissen zur Teilchenphysik modelliert, wobei Fachwissen als ein Teil des Professionswissens verstanden wird. Als Fachwissensdimensionen werden die Inhaltsbereiche und die Wissensarten in den Fokus genommen, für welche jeweils Subfacetten identifiziert und präzise beschrieben werden. Nach einem überblick über die wesentlichen Ideen der Teilchenphysik wird in der Arbeit die sukzessive Modellierung des Fachwissens im Rahmen einer qualitativ und quantitativ angelegten Delphi-Studie vorgestellt. In drei Befragungsrunden wurden zwischen 35 und 65 internationale Expertinnen und Experten aus der teilchenphysikbezogenen Forschung (Fachwissenschaft und Fachdidaktik) und öffentlichkeitsarbeit (u.a. Wissenschaftsjournalismus) sowie erfahrene Lehrkräfte zu den für das Fachwissen relevanten Themen der Teilchenphysik befragt. Empirische Analysen der Befragungsrunden ergaben, dass sich die Dimension Inhaltsbereiche im deklarativen Wissen aus zehn teilchenphysikalischen Themen (z.B. Teilchen in der Hochenergiephysik, die vier fundamentalen Wechselwirkungen) zusammensetzt, von welchen sechs als besonders relevant eingeschätzt wurden. Im Anschluss an die letzte Befragungsrunde wurde theoriegeleitet eine erste Modellierung der Inhaltsbereiche für die Wissensarten des prozeduralen und konditionalen Wissens vorgenommen.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: English
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    Federalism and Regionalism in Australia: New Approaches, New Institutions? (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: Australia’s federal system is in a state of flux and its relevance is being challenged. Dramatic shifts are occurring in the ways in which power and responsibility are shared between governments. Pressure for reform is coming not just from above, but from below, as the needs of local and regional communities – both rural and urban – occupy an increasingly important place on the national stage. How will these competing pressures for centralisation and devolution in the structures of federalism be reconciled? In this volume, experts and policy practitioners from diverse backgrounds canvass this uncertain future to conclude that the future of state, regional and local institutions is not only a vital question of federal governance, but must be addressed in a conscious and concerted way if Australian federalism is to evolve in ways that are sufficiently legitimate, effective, efficient and adaptive.
    Keywords: politics and government ; australia ; government ; federal government ; Local government ; State government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Abbott's Gambit (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: This book provides a truly comprehensive analysis of the 2013 federal election in Australia, which brought the conservative Abbott government to power, consigned the fractious Labor Party to the Opposition benches and ended the ‘hung parliament’ experiment of 2010–13 in which the Greens and three independents lent their support to form a minority Labor government.
    Keywords: australia ; politics ; voting ; Kevin Rudd ; Tony Abbott ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Implementierung fachdidaktischer Innovationen durch das Angebot materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen (Volume 314) (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-04-04
    Description: Ein zentrales Ziel der fachdidaktischen Forschung stellt die Verbesserung schulischen Unterrichts dar. Eine Transferstrategie zur flächendeckenden Verbreitung wissenschaftlicher Erkenntnisse bildet die Bereitstellung evidenzbasierter, innovativer materialgestützter Unterrichtskonzeptionen. Allerdings fällt das Materialnutzungsverhalten von Lehrkräften individuell sehr unterschiedlich aus, wobei das Zusammenspiel verschiedener Einflussfaktoren auf die Materialnutzung bislang wenig erforscht ist. Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist es daher, dieses Wirkgefüge unter authentischen Bedingungen genauer zu untersuchen. Dazu wurde kriteriengeleitet eine evidenzbasierte, fachdidaktisch innovative Unterrichtskonzeption ausgewählt (das Münchener Unterrichtskonzept zur Quantenmechanik) und den teilnehmenden Lehrkräften fakultativ zur Verfügung gestellt. Mittels eines qualitativen Forschungsansatzes wurden elf Lehrkräfte bei der Implementierung des Konzepts durch ein Interview zu Beginn und am Ende einer Unterrichtsreihe zur Quantenmechanik sowie zwei Unterrichtsbeobachtungen mit je einem anschließenden stimulated recall begleitet. Aus den Ergebnissen folgt, dass die Probanden sich überwiegend heuristisch mit der Konzeption auseinandersetzten und lediglich Elemente auf Sichtstrukturebene implementierten. Das nachgewiesene Wirksamkeitspotential von evidenzbasierten, innovativen Unterrichtskonzeptionen scheint sich folglich lediglich unter bestimmten Bedingungsfaktoren zu entfalten.
    Keywords: Science ; Education ; Science ; Physics ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PD Science: general issues ; thema EDItEUR::J Society and Social Sciences::JN Education ; thema EDItEUR::P Mathematics and Science::PH Physics
    Language: German
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    Policy Making Implementation (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: There is a vast literature on the principles of public administration and good governance, and no shortage of theoreticians, practitioners and donors eager to push for public sector reform, especially in less-developed countries. Papua New Guinea has had its share of public sector reforms, frequently under the influence of multinational agencies and aid donors. Yet there seems to be a general consensus, both within and outside Papua New Guinea, that policy making and implementation have fallen short of expectations, that there has been a failure to achieve ‘good governance’. This volume, which brings together a number of Papua New Guinean and Australian-based scholars and practitioners with deep familiarity of policy making in Papua New Guinea, examines the record of policy making and implementation in Papua New Guinea since independence. It reviews the history of public sector reform in Papua New Guinea, and provides case studies of policy making and implementation in a number of areas, including the economy, agriculture, mineral development, health, education, lands, environment, forestry, decentralization, law and order, defence, women and foreign affairs, privatization, and AIDS. Policy is continuously evolving, but this study documents the processes of policy making and implementation over a number of years, with the hope that a better understanding of past successes and failures will contribute to improved governance in the future.
    Keywords: politics and government ; papua new guinea ; policy sciences ; Papua New Guinea ; Policy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    Timing is Everything (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2022-04-28
    Description: This book identifies the critical factors that shaped and influenced New Zealand’s defence acquisition decision-making processes from the election of the Fourth Labour Government in 1984 and the subsequent ANZUS crisis, through to the 11 September 2001 terrorist attacks on the United States and the following ‘war on terror’. It explores and analyses decision-making processes in relation to the ANZAC frigates, the military sealift ship HMNZS Charles Upham, the F-16 strike aircraft, the P-3C Orion maritime patrol aircraft upgrade, and the LAV IIIs.
    Keywords: defence ; government ; defence contracts ; armed forces ; procurement ; new zealand ; Australia ; Frigate ; Royal New Zealand Navy ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government::JPS International relations::JPSF Arms negotiation & control
    Language: English
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    Separatism and Regionalism in Modern Europe (2021)
    Logos Verlag Berlin | Logos Verlag Berlin
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    Publication Date: 2023-02-01
    Description: The end of the Cold War opened a Pandora's box of regionalism and separatism across Europe, and today they once again pose a significant threat to the territorial and political integrity of the traditional nation-states. Yet, the existence of various subnational groups is inevitable in democratic states. The scope of separatism and regionalism in Europe is quite wide. It includes de facto states, such as Kosovo, Transnistria, and North Cyprus; strong separatist movements aimed at achieving independence, like Catalonia, Basque Country, Scotland, Flanders, and Faroe Islands; strong movements aimed at achieving a more regional autonomy, for example, Lombardy and Veneto; and weaker regional movements, which could potentially escalate in the future, such as Transylvania in Romania or Vojvodina in Serbia. This edited volume tackles all the above-mentioned regional moments and even includes Greenland as a bonus. It brings together seventeen prominent scholars from a wide range of European and North American academic institutions who compiled ten chapters to shed light on the revival of regionalism and separatism via a thorough evaluation and analysis of some of the most important current separatist and regionalist/autonomist movements across modern Europe. Chris Kostov is an Adjunct Professor in the School of International Relations at IE University Madrid, Spain. He earned his PhD in History and Canadian Studies from the University of Ottawa, Canada. His main academic interests include Balkan and modern European nationalism and Communist repressions in Cold War Eastern Europe.
    Keywords: Social Science ; Political Science ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JF Society & culture: general ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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    A Political Memoir of the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides (2021)
    ANU Press
    Details
    Publication Date: 2024-03-13
    Description: Keith Woodward has produced an inside account of the intricacies of official politics in the latter stages of the history of the Anglo-French Condominium of the New Hebrides, which will be essential reading for anyone interested in the colonial period of Vanuatu.
    Keywords: france ; politics ; asia pacific ; colonial ; britian ; Condominium (international law) ; Espiritu Santo ; Luganville ; Melanesians ; Nagriamel ; New Hebrides ; Port Vila ; bic Book Industry Communication::J Society & social sciences::JP Politics & government
    Language: English
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