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  • 42.75
  • Aircraft Stability and Control
  • Dislocation
  • Electronic structure and strongly correlated systems
  • Industrial Chemistry
  • Inorganic Chemistry
  • Kartoffeln
  • Temperatur
  • CRC Press  (2)
  • KIT Scientific Publishing  (2)
  • Springer  (2)
  • U.S. Geol. Survey  (1)
  • 2020-2024  (4)
  • 2015-2019
  • 1975-1979  (3)
Collection
Language
Years
Year
  • 1
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Experiments to characterize the effects of moisture content and temperature on the mechanical properties of concrete were conducted. Based on these experiments, a new overall material model capable of predicting the mechanical behaviour of concrete subject to elevated temperatures up to 100 °C was developed. The material model estimates the time, temperature and moisture dependency of the compressive and tensile strength, creep and shrinkage of concrete.
    Keywords: TA1-2040 ; concrete ; Temperatur ; Beton ; Schwinden ; Temperature ; strength ; Kriechen ; creep ; Festigkeit ; shrinkage ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TB Technology: general issues::TBX History of engineering and technology
    Language: English
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  • 2
    Publication Date: 2023-12-21
    Description: In dieser Arbeit wird einerseits die Lebensdauer der LEDs im System aus der Datenblattangabe der Hersteller und dem gemessenen Betriebspunkt in Abhängigkeit der Umgebungstemperatur berechnet. Alternativ wird die Lichtstromdegradation des Gesamtsystems über mehrere tausend Stunden gemessen und auf den L70-Wert extrapoliert. Um dabei den Messfehler aufgrund mangelnder thermischer Stabilisierung zu eliminieren, wurde eine Methode zur analytischen Beschreibung der Stabilisierung entwickelt.
    Keywords: T1-995 ; Temperatur ; Lebensdauer ; Messung ; LED ; Stabilisierung ; bic Book Industry Communication::T Technology, engineering, agriculture::TB Technology: general issues
    Language: German
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  • 3
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-03-31
    Description: Because of many misconceptions, the biological drug manufacturing industry does not fully utilize disposable components, despite their wide availability. These misconceptions include concerns for the quality of materials, running costs, scalability, the level of automation possible, and the training of staff needed to include these components in existing bioprocessing systems. Not fully realizing the long-term benefits, many manufacturers are unwilling to discard investments made in fixed equipment and traditional stainless steel systems. Regulatory and environmental concerns, however, will eventually compel manufacturers to adopt disposable systems. Making a strong case for disposables, Disposable Bioprocessing Systems demonstrates the true potential of these systems. Written by a researcher and professor with hands-on experience in designing, establishing, and validating biological manufacturing facilities worldwide, and creating model facilities using maximum disposable technology, this book is the first comprehensive introduction to understanding disposable systems. It gives an overview of the current state of the disposable bioprocessing industry, resolves all controversial issues, and guides readers in choosing disposable components that meet their needs. An important chapter on safety addresses facts and myths about the use of plastics and elastomers—including the issue of leaching—and how to ensure regulatory compliance. Helping readers understand their choices, the book describes the equipment and systems available to prepare the starting materials for the manufacturing of biological drugs—from disposable containers to filters. The author also discusses costs, regulations, and concerns about waste disposal, and shares his predictions for the future of the disposable bioprocessing industry. A practical manual for those interested in the transition to disposable systems, this book will also interest students of bioprocessing. It offers a timely view of disposable bioprocessing technology as a "game changer" that will facilitate developing new drugs and conducting research in the emerging field of stem cells and gene therapy.
    Keywords: Biotechnology ; Pharmaceutical Science ; Industrial Chemistry ; PHARMACEUTICAL ; BIOSCIENCE ; CHEMLIB ; SCI-TECH ; BIOMEDICALSCIENCE ; CHEMICALENGINEERING ; STM ; bags ; bioreactors ; cleaning ; disposal ; downstream ; single ; stainless ; steel ; use ; validation ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MF Pre-clinical medicine: basic sciences ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MK Medical specialties, branches of medicine::MKG Pharmacology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::M Medicine and Nursing::MQ Nursing and ancillary services::MQW Biomedical engineering
    Language: English
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  • 4
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    Taylor & Francis | CRC Press
    Publication Date: 2024-04-11
    Description: Suitable for practicing engineers and engineers in training, this book covers the most important operations involving particulate solids. Through clear explanations of theoretical principles and practical laboratory exercises, the text provides an understanding of the behavior of powders and pulverized systems. It also helps readers develop skills for operating, optimizing, and innovating particle processing technologies and machinery in order to carry out industrial operations. The author explores common bulk solids processing operations, including milling, agglomeration, fluidization, mixing, and solid-fluid separation.
    Keywords: Industrial Chemistry ; Food Chemistry ; FOOD ; CHEMLIB ; SCI-TECH ; CHEMICALENGINEERING ; CHEMISTRY ; STM ; bed ; distribution ; fluidized ; industry ; mass ; material ; particle-size ; processing ; technology ; transfer ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TD Industrial chemistry and manufacturing technologies::TDC Industrial chemistry and chemical engineering::TDCT Food and beverage technology ; thema EDItEUR::T Technology, Engineering, Agriculture, Industrial processes::TG Mechanical engineering and materials::TGM Materials science
    Language: English
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Springer
    Calcified tissue international 24 (1977), S. 19-27 
    ISSN: 1432-0827
    Keywords: Dissolution ; Crystallographic axes ; (100) planes ; Dislocation
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine , Physics
    Notes: Summary Various stages in monocrystal dissolution occurring during human enamel caries were studied by high resolution transmission electron microscopy. After the development of a central core lesion, two mechanisms by which the dissolution spread laterally to the (100) faces of the crystal could be demonstrated on the basis of the systematic orientation of the crystallographic axes. In the first case, the destruction was developing parallel to (120) planes and the borders were limited by (100) planes. In the second type, the development of the lateral side lesion was observed parallel to (100) planes. The carious destruction of the enamel monocrystal occurred as a result of the development of several lateral side dissolutions of the two types described, proceeding along the entire central core lesion.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 6
    ISSN: 1871-4528
    Keywords: Kartoffeln ; Chips ; Sticks ; Fehlstellen ; dunkle Stellen ; Mikroskopie
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Description / Table of Contents: Summary 1. Microscopic examination of large, stained, microtome sections of material embedded in paraffin wax makes possible both the identification and relation of histological and cytological structures on and in potato tubers, raw potato slices and sticks and in potato chips (crisps) and sticks and so the determination of their behaviour during frying. The cell wall network in the raw potato remains as a structural framework in the fried product (Fig. 16–24, 31–34, 36–40). Because of the dissolution of the middle lamella during frying, increasing numbers of splits and cavities arise (Fig. 20, 22, 24, 32, 34, 37–39) which can extend below the surface to form vesicular swellings (Fig. 5). Idioblasts, such as stone and crystal cells, can easily be demonstrated under a polarising microscope (Fig. 16–18). After differential staining, the starch grains in the tuber tissue are seen to be irregularly distributed, swollen and adherent through the action of heat but still contained within the cells (Fig. 14, 15). Protein crystals in the cortical parenchyma retain their typical cubiform structure (Fig. 16, 17, 23, 24). 2. In fried products structures are found repeatedly which differ in colour from the golden yellow to pale brown of the storage parenchyma (Fig. 2). These are already visible in the raw potato tissue and are in many cases darker, brown to black; the intensity of discoloration may increase with frying. No fresh ‘dark spots’ of this kind developed during frying. The frying temperature and time used commercially caused no ‘black frying’ (burning). Any increase in frying time led only to a refuse product of a uniform dark brown coloration. 3. Under normal conditions, the central medulla and vascular ring develop a somewhat darker brown coloration than the surrounding storage parenchyma because of the Maillard reaction, due to an increased sugar content (Fig. 1, 3 and 4). Due to inherent tuber variability, the peeling process cannot remove all eyes, every stolon scar and all the skin. In the fried product, the remains of these structures can unobjectionably be identified morphologically (Fig. 7–9) and, above all, microscopically (Fig. 19–24). Plant pigments, recognizable as a red or green coloration of the potato tissue, survive the frying process (Fig. 6). Even after frying, anthocyanin undergoes the pH-related colour change from red to blue-violet. Chlorophyll can be located by its red fluorescence in the green areas. 4. In addition to such normal differentiated tissues, defects occur which are variable in size and show for the most part a brown to black discoloration (‘dark spots’). In the inner zone of tubers and raw potato slices, they are mostly extended in plane view whereas in the peripheral zone and in raw potato sticks they tend to appear as streaks (Fig. 25–29). Associated with these are fissures (Fig. 30) and cavities with black margins in the flesh of the crisps (Fig. 10, 27). In canals formed in the tuber there are still, by chance, parts of in-growing sprouts or rhizomes of couch grass (Fig. 10–12). The brown to black coloration is due to the presence of various brown compounds referred to in the literature as melanin. Many defects are surrounded by wound periderm (Fig. 36–39). As a consequence, for example, of sprout inhibition with IPC or CIPC, only individual periderm initials can be found in this position (Fig. 40). The cell walls within the area of the defects almost invariably stain red with safranin in contrast to the green of the surrounding storage parenchyma by fast green (Fig. 31, 34, 40). Occasionally fungal conidia, spores and hyphae are to be found on or in the defects (Fig. 35). These are killed during frying. Metabolic products such as aflatoxin were not found.
    Abstract: Résumé 1. Des contrôles microscopiques de coupes au microtome, matériel inclu à la paraffine, colorées, permettent d'identifier et de classer les structures histologiques et cytologiques des pommes de terre crues, des rondelles et bâtonnets crus, des chips ainsi que des sticks (pommes allumettes) cuits dans l'huile et d'obtenir des renseignements sur leur comportement lors de la cuisson à l'huile. Les structures des parois cellulaires des pommes de terre crues sont maintenues dans les produits cuits dans l'huile (fig. 16–24, 31–34, 36–40). La dissolution de la lamelle médiane durant la cuisson dans l'huile a pour conséquence la formation de fissures et de cavernes (fig, 20, 22, 24, 32, 34, 37 39), qui peuvent apparaître comme des bulles sous la surface (fig. 5). La lumière polarisée permet de reconnaître avec le microscope les idioblastes, les cellules pierreuses et les cellules à cristaux (fig. 16–18). L'amidon réparti irrégulièrement dans le tubercule (fig. 13) se gonfle et devient collant par l'action de la chaleur, mais reste dans la cellule (fig. 14, 15). Dans le parenchyme cortical, les cristaux de protéines maintiennent leur forme cubique reconnaissable au microscope (fig. 16, 17, 23, 24). 2. Dans les produits frits, on peut trouver des structures qui diffèrent de la couleur dorée jusqu'à brun clair du parenchyme de réserve (fig. 2). Ces structures sont déjà présentes dans les tubercules crus et ont souvent une apparence foncée, brune à noire. Par la cuisson à l'huile, la coloration de ces taches peut devenir plus intense. Une nouvelle formation de taches foncées n'a pas été observée par la cuisson à l'huile. Les températures et le temps de cuisson appliqués dans l'industrie ne provoquent pas de noircissement (brûlure). Une cuisson prolongée dans l'huile a pour conséquence uniquement des rebuts avec une coloration brune plus intense (fig. 2). 3. Dans des conditions normales, on obtient souvent un brunissement de la moelle centrale ainsi que des vaisseaux vasculaires, ceci par le taux de sucre plus élevé que celui du parenchyme de réserve (réaction de Maillard) (fig. 1, 3 et 4). L'épluchage ne permet pas d'éliminer toutes les différentiations telles que les yeux, ombilics et la peau du tubercule. Par leur morphologie (fig. 7–9), ces restes sont facilement reconnaissables au microscope (fig. 19–24) dans le produit frit. Les colorants naturels reconnaissables à la couleur rouge ou verte des tissus, résistent à la cuisson dans l'huile (fig. 6). Lors de la cuisson, l'anthocyane passe du rouge au violetbleu, réaction liée au pH. Par sa fluorescence rouge, la chlorophylle peut être localisée dans les tissus de couleur verte. 4. Outre ces différentiations dites normales, on peut observer sur les chips ou les sticks des taches et des stries foncées de couleur brun-noir (fig. 25–29). Dans cette même catégorie, on classe également les fissures (fig. 30) et des trous bordés de noir dans la texture des chips (fig. 10 et 27). Lors d'une germination interne ou lorsque le tubercule est perforé par un rhizome de chiendent, on peut retrouver des restes de ces derniers (fig. 10 12). La couleur brun-noir provient de substances brunes décrites dans la littérature comme des mélanines. Beaucoup de parties foncées sont bordées d'un périderme de cicatrisation (fig. 36–39). Par le traitement avec un antigerme comme l'IPC ou le CIPC, le périderme de cicatrisation ne se forme que partiellement ou pas du tout (fig. 40). Les parois cellulaires du parenchyme à proximité des parties foncées deviennent vertes colorées avec de la Fast green, tandis que celles des parties foncées se teignent rouges avec de la Safranine (fig. 31–34, 40). Parfois, on observe des hyphes ou des germes de champignons sur les parties foncées (fig. 35), la cuisson détruit ces dernières. Des métabolites tels que les aflatoxines n'ont pas été décelés.
    Notes: Zusammenfassung In vergleichenden Untersuchungen wird durch Einsatz der Paraffinschnitt-Methode an gefärbten Präparaten die Identifizierung histologischer und cytologischer Strukturen an Kartoffelchips und-sticks und ihre Zuordnung zu Differenzierungen an ungeschälten rohen Knollen ermöglicht. Somit können an Rösterzeugnissen normale, zu jeder Kartoffelknolle gehörende Ausdifferenzierungen und durch verschiedenartige Ausseneinflüsse verursachte Fehlstellen, sog. ‘dunkle Stellen’, unterschieden und beurteilt, sowie ihre Veränderungen bei der Ölröstung erkannt werden. Eine Neuentstehung dunkler Stellen bei der Ölröstung wurde nicht beobachtet, bei den industriell angewandten Rösttemperaturen auch keine Schwarzröstung, d. h. dunkle Stellen sind — wenn überhaupt — bereits im Rohstoff Kartoffel ausgebildet. Dagegen können im Rahmen einer verstärkten Maillard-Reaktion stärker gebräunte Gewebebereiche an Chips und Sticks nicht als dunkle Stellen bezeichnet werden. Die zu Fehlstellen führenden Ursachen und die Beurteilung dunkler Stellen gemäss rechtlich geltender Richtlinien werden diskutiert.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
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  • 7
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    Unknown
    U.S. Geol. Survey
    In:  Open-File Report, Kobe, Dec. 6-11, 1993, U.S. Geol. Survey, vol. 1034, no. 77-767, pp. 293-297, (ISBN 3-933346-037)
    Publication Date: 1977
    Keywords: Elasticity theory of dislocations ; Dislocation
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