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  • Articles  (9)
  • Decision making  (9)
  • 2020-2023
  • 1985-1989  (4)
  • 1980-1984  (5)
  • 1965-1969
  • 1960-1964
  • Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering  (9)
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  • Articles  (9)
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  • 1
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On averting the tragedy of the commons (1988)
    Springer
    Environmental management 12 (1988), S. 273-283 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Tragedy of the commons ; Muddling ; Environment ; Decision making ; Ecocatastrophe ; Environmental psychology
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract One of the enduring facts of the human condition is that the earth's resources are finite and its environment fragile. It is also evident that human behavior is rarely based on an appreciation of these facts. While the outlook may be bleak, so are some of the proposed solutions. Reasonable people have suggested that, to survive, an environmentally enlightened authoritarian government must be adopted. This article suggests that such a solution is unworkable, in part because it fails to consider critical aspects of human nature. A framework is proposed for developing solutions compatible with human capabilities.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867519
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  • 2
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Environmental management: A system approach (1981)
    Springer
    Environmental management 5 (1981), S. 213-224 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Systems management ; Environmental management ; Decision making
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract This paper presents a system framework whose purpose is to improve understanding of environmental management. By analyzing the links between elements of the environmental management system, it is possible to construct a model that aids thinking systematically about the decision-making subsystem, and other subsystems, of the entire environmental management system. Through a multidisciplinary environmental approach, each of the individual subsystems is able to adapt to threats and opportunities. The fields of government, market economics, social responsibility and ecology, for example, are so complex that it is extremely difficult to develop a framework that gives full consideration to all aspects. This paper, through the application of a highly idealized system framework, attempts to show the general relationships that exist between complex system elements.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01873280
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  • 3
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Integrating perspectives in environmental management (1987)
    Springer
    Environmental management 11 (1987), S. 305-315 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Decision making ; Multiple perspective analysis ; Biases pollution control ; Energy sources
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Environmental perception plays a major role in environmental decision-making. Three distinct perspective types can be identified—personal, technical, and organizational—which determine the response to environment management problems. Integrating perspectives using multiple perspective analysis can be of use in environmental management. Using this technique, two environmental management problems have been analyzed and differing perspectives have been integrated. This integration resembles the task of conceptualizing a three-dimensional object from a series of one-dimensional descriptions and two-dimensional drawings.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867158
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  • 4
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Initial decision analysis (IDA): a participatory approach for developing resource policies (1985)
    Springer
    Environmental management 9 (1985), S. 379-391 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Public participation ; Decision making ; Policy analysis ; Resource policy ; Cross-impact simulation ; Multiresource management ; Computer modeling ; Expert systems ; Knowledge engineering ; Satisficing
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Initial decision analysis (IDA) is a microcomputer based decision-making technique that is organized so that a rational, step-by-step, procedure can be followed to use existing knowledge to develop resource policies. The IDA process provides a systematic way for participants to define their own problem and to explore jointly alternative solutions. IDA is particularly suited to resolving complex problems involving many groups with conflicting interests. IDA is illustrated with data from the US Forest Service's Draft Environmental Impact Statement for the 1985 to 2030 Resource Planning Act Program for the United States. Four policy options are evaluated: maximization of timber production, of grazing, and of wilderness, and a dominant use policy that concentrates timber management on productive sites. Policies were evaluated using a new mathematical satisficing procedure. Mathematical satisficing of simulated policy consequences showed that, for selected performance standards, current RPA policies are superior to the four alternative policies examined.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01866337
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  • 5
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Public reaction to the risks of energy technology (1981)
    Springer
    Environmental management 5 (1981), S. 329-333 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Cost-benefit analysis ; Decision making ; Risk assessment ; Risk perception
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract Implicit in every government decision on energy technology is a trade-off of a certain amount of risk in return for societal benefits. As a result of growing public concern over such risks, environmental analysts are increasingly being requested not only to describe potential adverse consequences but also to quantify their probability. However, this task is frustrated not only by inadequate experience with, and incomplete knowledge of, the causality of environmental impacts, but also by a disparity between individual and societal views of risk. While the societal view is based on objective risk functions andnet societal benefit, individuals tend to rely on subjective judgment, and consider the distribution as well as the amount of benefit. Thus, environmental “risk assessments,” produced by analysts on behalf of society as a whole, are likely to be quite speculative, and are unlikely to be reliable indicators of the acceptability of risk to the public.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01867346
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  • 6
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Decision making: With applications for environmental management (1982)
    Springer
    Environmental management 6 (1982), S. 493-504 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Behavioral interactions ; Concordance analysis ; Delphi method ; Goals Achievement Matrix ; NGT method ; Simple multi-attribute rating technique ; Decision making ; Decision analysis ; Policy making
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The two major processes of decision making, behavioral interactions and decision analysis, are discussed. Comparisons are made between the Delphi and NGT methods of behavioral interaction. Three different types of decision analysis are compared, including the Goals Achievement Matrix, Concordance Analysis, and the Simple Multi-Attribute Rating Technique. Decision making problems characteristic of environmental studies are reviewed. A method of decision making that combines the best qualities of other methods is suggested. The overall purpose of this paper is to make the technical knowledge of decision making useful to environmentalists, businessmen, citizens, and politicians, and to improve the process of policy making in environmental studies.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868378
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  • 7
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Making decisions about environmental management when conventional economic analysis cannot be used (1989)
    Springer
    Environmental management 13 (1989), S. 189-197 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Decision making ; Economic analysis ; Environmental management ; Subjective judgment
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A process is described for making comparative valuations of a wide range of environmental management activities when the combined social, economic, managerial, and political benefits of some (but not all) of these activities cannot be adequately described in economic terms and when budgetary constraints do not permit funding of all activities under consideration. The process accounts for subjective judgment and contains a formal rigorous decision strategy that takes the place of intuition when quantitative and qualitative values of environmental activities need to be evaluated.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01868365
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  • 8
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Factors influencing voting by the united states congress on the national energy act (1980)
    Springer
    Environmental management 4 (1980), S. 375-380 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Vote evaluation ; Energy ; U.S. National Energy Act ; Decision making
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract A myriad of factors, both economic and political, influenced the voting by members of the United States Congress on the 1978 National Energy Act. Determinant factors considered in our analysis included the percentage of residents in the Congressman's district residing in the central city or on farms; the percentage of residents who belong to labor unions; the average level of education of the residents; oil, coal, and natural gas production in the state relative to total domestic production. The results, determined by means of logit analysis, indicate that the impact on low-income energy consumers, the effect on overall employment, the impact on farmers, and the benefits to energy interests, as well as ideology and the subjective perception that the need exists to do something about the energy situation in the United States, were all important explanatory factors.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01869649
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  • 9
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Human behavior incorporation into ecological computer simulations (1982)
    Springer
    Environmental management 6 (1982), S. 251-260 
    Details
    ISSN: 1432-1009
    Keywords: Bioeconomic ; Decision making ; Ecosystem modeling ; Ethnography ; Simulation ; Socio-cultural
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Energy, Environment Protection, Nuclear Power Engineering
    Notes: Abstract The responses of ecological computer simulations are significantly changed by the inclusion of human behavior patterns. Two computer simulations illustrate this principle for internal and external decision making. The Northwest Educational Trawler Simulation (NETS) models the interaction between fish populations, fishing effort, markets, and a fishing community. This simulation includes an internal decision making submodel for changing fishing effort based on observed behaviors of fishermen. NOGERO, a simulation of a mythical coastal fishing culture, uses external decision making where simulation users act as stewards. The patterns of model response vary depending on the attitudes and goals of decision makers. This shows how human behavior interacts with ecosystem dynamics to produce a variety of results.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF01866888
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