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  • Electron microscopy  (475)
  • climate change
  • conservation
  • Springer  (591)
  • Nature Publishing Group
  • 2020-2023  (1)
  • 2000-2004  (107)
  • 1985-1989  (102)
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  • 11
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late Quaternary paleolimnology of Walker Lake, Nevada (1988)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 1 (1988), S. 249-267 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: paleolimnology ; river diversion ; climate change ; pollen ; diatoms ; ostracodes ; brine shrimp
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Diatoms, crustaceans, and pollen from sediment cores, in conjunction with dated shoreline tufas provide evidence for lake level and environmental fluctuations of Walker Lake in the late Quaternary. Large and rapid changes of lake chemistry and level apparently resulted from variations in the course and discharge of the Walker River. Paleolimnological evidence suggests that the basin contained a relatively deep and slightly saline to freshwater lake before ca. 30 000 years B.P. During the subsequent drawdown, the Walker River apparently shifted its course and flowed northward into the Carson Sink. As a result, Walker Lake shallowed and became saline. During the full glacial, cooler climates with more effective moisture supported a shallow brine lake in the basin even without the Walker River. As glacial climates waned after 15 000 years ago, Walker Lake became a playa. The Walker River returned to its basin 4700 years ago, filling it with fresh water in a few decades. Thereafter, salinity and depth increased as evaporation concentrated inflowing water, until by 3000 years ago Walker Lake was nearly 90 m deep, according to dated shoreline tufas. Lake levels fluctuated throughout this interval in response to variations in Sierra Nevada precipitation and local evaporation. A drought in the Sierras between 2400 and 2000 years ago reduced Walker Lake to a shallow, brine lake. Climate-controlled refilling of the lake beginning 2000 years ago required about one millennium to bring Walker lake near its historic level. Through time, lake basins in the complex Lake Lahontan system, fill and desiccate in response to climatic, tectonic and geomorphic events. Detailed, multidisciplinary paleolimnologic records from related subbasins are required to separate these processes before lake level history can be reliably used to interpret paleoclimatology.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00184000
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  • 12
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Late-glacial and early-Holocene Trichoptera (Insecta) from Kråkenes Lake, western Norway (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 23 (2000), S. 49-56 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: Trichoptera ; caddisflies ; late glacial ; Allerød ; Younger Dryas ; early Holocene ; Kråkenes ; palaeolimnology ; climate change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Fossil Trichoptera (caddisfly) remains have been identified and quantitatively recorded in the late-glacial and early-Holocene sediments from Kråkenes Lake, western Norway. The sediment sequence was deposited between 12,300 and 8850 14C BP, covering the Allerød, Younger Dryas, and early-Holocene periods. The first Trichoptera were recorded at 12,000 14C BP, and during the Allerod a diverse assemblage of Limnephilidae taxa developed in the lake. By about 11,400 14C BP the relatively thermophilous Polycentropus flavomaculatus and Limnephilus rhombicus were present, suggesting that the summer water temperature was at least 17 °C. This temperature fell by 5-8 °C at the start of the Younger Dryas, and the thermophilous taxa were replaced within 20-40 14C yrs by Apatania spp., including the arctic-alpine A. zonella, suggesting a maximum summer water temperature of 10-12 °C. The Trichoptera assemblage was impoverished in numbers and in diversity over the next 200 yrs as the severe conditions of the Younger Dryas developed. As soon as temperatures rose and glacial meltwater and silt input ended about 700 14C yrs later, the resident Apatania assemblage expanded immediately, within 10 yrs. About 130 yrs later, thermophilous taxa replaced Apatania, and a much more diverse assemblage than in the Allerod occupied the varied habitats made available by the development of the Holocene lake ecosystem. The 130 yr delay may have been caused by a gradual temperature increase crossing a critical threshold, or by the time taken for thermophilous taxa to migrate from their Younger Dryas refugia.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008064831048
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  • 13
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Evidence for mid-Eemian cooling in continental climatic record from Lake Baikal (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 23 (2000), S. 365-371 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: Lake Baikal ; diatoms ; biogenic silica ; Eemian ; climate change ; Siberia
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The discussion on climatic instability observed in Greenland ice cores during the Eemian period (substage 5e) resulted in discovery of a pronounced mid-Eemian cooling event. We report that the mid-Eemian cooling is found for the first time in the biogenic silica climatic record and microfossil abundance record of Lake Baikal. Timing of this event in Lake Baikal correlates well with timing of the European pollen records and marine sedimentary records. The presence of the mid-Eemian cooling signal in the Lake Baikal record suggests a much closer link between Asian climate influenced by strong pressure fields over the vast land masses and the climate-controlling processes in the North Atlantic during interglacial periods, than what was generally believed. Furthermore, the Lake Baikal record suggests that after the mid-Eemian cooling, the climatic conditions returned close to the warmth of the 5e optimum and thus argues that the warm conditions of the last interglacial persisted in Siberia throughout 5e, and did not end with the mid-Eemian cooling as suggested by several published marine records.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008188100542
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  • 14
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Holocene lake sediment records of Arctic hydrology (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 24 (2000), S. 1-13 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: Arctic ; Holocene ; paleohydrology ; paleolimnology ; climate change
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract Although paleoclimatic research in the Arctic has most often focused on variations in temperature, the Arctic has also experienced changes in hydrologic balance. Changes in Arctic precipitation and evaporation rates affects soils, permafrost, lakes, wetlands, rivers, ice and vegetation. Changes in Arctic soils, permafrost, runoff, and vegetation can influence global climate by changing atmospheric methane and carbon dioxide concentrations, thermohaline circulation, and high latitude albedo. Documenting past variations in Arctic hydrological conditions is important for understanding Arctic climate and the potential response and role of the Arctic in regards to future climate change. Methods for reconstructing past changes in Arctic hydrology from the stratigraphic, isotopic, geochemical and fossil records of lake sediments are being developed, refined and applied in a number of regions. These records suggest that hydrological variations in the Arctic have been regionally asynchronous, reflecting the impacts of different forcing factors including orbitally controlled insolation changes, changes in geography related to coastal emergence, ocean currents, sea ice extent, and atmospheric circulation. Despite considerable progress, much work remains to be done on the development of paleohydrological proxies and their application to the Arctic.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008100714795
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  • 15
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Diatom transfer-functions for quantifying past air temperature, pH and total organic carbon concentration from lakes in northern Sweden (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 24 (2000), S. 109-123 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: diatoms ; climate change ; temperature ; pH ; transfer functions ; lake sediments
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract The relationships between diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) in surface sediments of lakes and summer air temperature, pH and total organic carbon concentration (TOC) were explored along a steep climatic gradient in northern Sweden to provide a tool to infer past climate conditions from sediment cores. The study sites are in an area with low human impact and range from boreal forest to alpine tundra. Canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) constrained to mean July air temperature and pH clearly showed that diatom community composition was different between lakes situated in conifer-, mountain birch- and alpine-vegetation zones. As a consequence, diatoms and multivariate ordination methods can be used to infer past changes in treeline position and dominant forest type. Quantitative inference models were developed to estimate mean July air temperature, pH and TOC from sedimentary diatom assemblages using weighted averaging (WA) and weighted averaging partial least squares (WA-PLS) regression. Relationships between diatoms and mean July air temperature were independent of lake-water pH, TOC, alkalinity and maximum depth. The results demonstrated that diatoms in lake sediments can provide useful and independent quantitative information for estimating past changes in mean July air temperature (R2 jack = 0.62, RMSEP = 0.86 °C; R2 and root mean squared error of prediction (RMSEP) based on jack-knifing), pH (R2 jack = 0.61, RMSEP = 0.30) and TOC (R2 jack = 0.49, RMSEP = 1.33 mg l-1). The paper focuses mainly on the relationship between diatom community composition and mean July air temperature, but the relationships to pH and TOC are also discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008128014721
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  • 16
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    A first estimate of organic carbon storage in Holocene lake sediments in Alberta, Canada (2000)
    Springer
    Journal of paleolimnology 24 (2000), S. 395-400 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0417
    Keywords: carbon storage ; lake sediment ; Holocene ; Canada ; climate change ; organic matter
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Geosciences
    Notes: Abstract This paper reports a first estimate of the Holocene lake sediment carbon pool in Alberta, Canada. The organic matter content of lake sediment does not appear to depend strongly on lake size or other limnological parameters, allowing a simple first estimate in which we assume all Alberta lake sediment to have the same organic matter content. Alberta lake sediments sequester about 15 g C m-2 yr-1, for a provincial total of 0.23 Tg C yr-1, or 2.3 Pg C over the Holocene. Alberta lakes may represent as much as 1/1700 of total global, annual permanent carbon sequestration.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1008103605817
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  • 17
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Sporulation and spore liberation in Aspergillus fumigatus (1977)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 60 (1977), S. 175-177 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Aspergillus fumigatus ; Spore formation ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00448412
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  • 18
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    An ultrastructural survey of the genus Prototheca with special reference to plastids (1977)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 61 (1977), S. 117-119 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Prototheca ; Colorless alga ; Plastids ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract An ultrastructural investigation of six different species of Prototheca showed that all of them contained starch grains enclosed in double-membrane-bounded structures recognized as plastids. It is concluded that these unicellular species of Prototheca must be considered as non-photosynthetic algae.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00443840
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  • 19
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    Using a Crop/Soil Simulation Model and GIS Techniques to Assess Methane Emissions from Rice Fields in Asia. III. Databases (2000)
    Springer
    Nutrient cycling in agroecosystems 58 (2000), S. 179-199 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0867
    Keywords: climate change ; databases ; GIS ; methane ; rice ; soils ; weather
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Agriculture, Forestry, Horticulture, Fishery, Domestic Science, Nutrition
    Notes: Abstract As part of a series of papers describing the use of a simulation model to extrapolate experimental measurements of methane (CH4) emissions from rice fields in Asia and to evaluate the large-scale effect of various mitigation strategies, the collation and derivation of the spatial databases used are described. Daily weather data, including solar radiation, minimum and maximum temperatures, and rainfall were collated from 46 weather stations from the five countries in the study, namely China, India, Indonesia, Philippines, and Thailand. Quantitative soil data relevant to the input requirements of the model were derived by combining data from the World Inventory of Soil Emissions (WISE) database, the ISIS database, and the FAO Digital Soil Map of the World (FAO-DSMW). These data included soil pH; organic carbon content; sand, silt, and clay fractions; and iron content for top and subsoil layers, and average values of bulk density and available water capacity for the whole profile. Data on the areas allocated to irrigated, rainfed, upland, and deepwater rice at the province or district level were derived from the Huke & Huke (1997) database developed at IRRI. Using a geographical information system (GIS), a series of georeferenced data sets on climate, soils, and land use were derived for each country, at the province or district level. A summary of the soil-related derived databases is presented and their applicationn for use in global change modeling discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1009898720354
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  • 20
    Electronic Resource
    Electronic Resource
    On the fungitoxicity of some new thiocyanatopyrazole derivatives: Electron microscopical study in trichophyton mentagrophytes (1976)
    Springer
    Mycopathologia 58 (1976), S. 39-47 
    Details
    ISSN: 1573-0832
    Keywords: Trichophyton mentagrophytes ; Thiocyanatopyrazole derivatives ; Electron microscopy
    Source: Springer Online Journal Archives 1860-2000
    Topics: Biology , Medicine
    Notes: Abstract Four thiocyanatopyrazole derivatives were synthesized and their fungistatic activity was demonstrated in vitro against a number of dermatophytic fungi. In Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the most active compound induced an unusual increase of the plasma membrane with production of intra and extracytoplasmic complexes, a deterioration of nuclear and mitochondrial membranes and a formation of autophagic-like vacuoles. Plasmolysis, accompanied by an almost complete disorganization of cytoplasmic structures, seemed to be the final event. A possible mechanism of action of the compounds was discussed.
    Type of Medium: Electronic Resource
    URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/BF00493592
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