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  • 101
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    Processes controlling the quantities of biogenic materials in lakes and reservoirs subject to cultural eutrophication (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5262 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:47 | 5262 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The processes which control the growth, composition, succession and loss from suspension of phytoplankton algae are briefly reviewed, with special reference to function in eutrophic reservoir systems. The ecology of larger algal biomasses supported by high nutrient loading rates are more likely to be subject to physical (wash-out, underwater light penetration, thermal stability and mixing) than to chemical constraints. Sudden changes in the interactions between physical factors temporarily impair the growth of dominant algal species, and advance the succession. Certain algae may be cropped heavily, but selectively, by zooplankton feeding, but they are rarely the species which cause problems in waterworks practice. Grazing, however, does influence succession. A deeper understanding of the operation of loss control mechanism is urgently required. Potentially, manipulation of the physical environment provides an important means of alleviating day-to-day algal problems in eutrophic reservoirs; in terms of cost effectiveness these may prove to be more attractive than reducing nutrient loads at source.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Freshwater lakes ; Eutrophication ; Algae ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 18
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  • 102
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    Modelling algal blooms (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5256 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:21 | 5256 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This is the final report on the research project to develop predictive models to quantify algal blooms in relation to environmental variables. The project's objectives were to develop models simulating the impact of vertical structure and mass transfer upon the dynamics of planktonic algae, including cyanobacteria, in lakes and reservoirs, to assess the potential of sedimentary phosphorus to sustain algal growth following reduction in external loading and to expand and enhance formulations to predict behaviour of blue-green algal populations and to incorporate these into a model software package. As part of the project a strategy for the production of a user-friendly packaging for the modelling software PROTEC-2 adaptable to particular sites was developed.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Modelling ; Algae ; Algal blooms ; Computer programs ; Water quality
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 93
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  • 103
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    Scientific investigations into the eutrophication of the Norfolk Broads (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5263 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:09:49 | 5263 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The word ”Broads” is used to describe a series of relatively shallow lakes resulting from the flooding of medieval peat diggings. Broadland is essentially freshwater, but because the rivers have such low gradients the lower reaches are brackish. The influence of tide is particularly apparent on the River Yare; in Norwich 40 km from the sea there is a vertical movement of half a metre at spring tide. This study examines the problems that the broadlands are facing. The problems are basically the progressive loss of aquatic plants, in particular the macro- phytes, animal life, outbreaks of avian botulism, occasional fish kills due to a toxin produced by the blue-green alga Prymesium parvum and the emergence of very heavy algal blooms. The main factor for the deteriation of the Broaslands is the eutrophication resulting from enhanced nutrient inputs, in particular of nitrates and phosphates, from a variety of sources. The most important of these are sewage effluents, agricultural drainage, which includes fertilisers and nutrient rich effluents from piggeries and dairy un
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Freshwater lakes ; Eutrophication ; Algae ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Pollution effects ; Water quality ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
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  • 104
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    Hydrobiological service for observations and control of surface waters in the USSR (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5264 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:04 | 5264 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Technological progress, having reached in our time an unprecedented speed, is still increasing the rate of mineral extraction, industrial construction, and the mastering of new kinds of energy is growing. Correspondingly the anthropogenic load on the biosphere is increased and that requires the comprehensive development of monitoring the anthropogenic changes in the natural environment. Among problems resulting from the scientific-technological development, a noticeable place is given to the problem of pure water. Surface land waters proved to be a sensitive link in the natural environment. The hydrobiological service for observations and control of the surface waters is one of the subsystems of the State/Federal Service for Observations and Control of pollution levels in environmental objects, conducted by the USSR State Committee for Hydrometeor- ology and Control of the Natural Environment. This paper summarises the the main principles of the organisation and goals of the national system of monitoring of the state of the natural environment in the USSR.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Monitoring ; Water policy ; Water bodies ; Pollution control ; Water quality control ; Russia ; USSR
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 7
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  • 105
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    Methods of determining the quality of water using the functional characteristics of algae (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5267 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:12 | 5267 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In the study of questions relating to the quality of raw water and the biological produc- tivity of water bodies algal indicators have an important place. Despite the importance of these functional indicators in determining the quality of water and the nature of the production processes as a basis for preserving the ecological equilibrium of aquatic ecosystems, their use in the system of hydrobiological methods of monitoring the quality of surface water has not received proper consideration. This paper aims to analyse the matter and the possibl use of functional algal criteria in the system for the biological monitoring of aquatic objects and also to give some results in using these criteria.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Methodology ; Ecosystem management ; Water quality control ; Algal culture ; Tests ; Test organisms
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 13
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  • 106
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    Polyphemus pediculus (L.) (Cladocera) as a possible indicator of water quality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5268 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:26 | 5268 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Usually stenobiotic species are used as hydrobiological indicators of the degree of pollution in natural waters. Cladocera are eurybiotic organisms, therefore their role as specific indicators of the water quality is considered to be insignificant. However, considering new methods Cladocera at present are more and more often used as indicators of oligo- and mesosaprobic waters as well as of the presence of considerable amounts of easily degradable organic matter. Work over many years on the biology of Polyphemus pediculus, this striking representative of the order Cladocera, convinced the author of the possibility of using this species not only as an indicator of water purity but also for the estimation of the degree of water pollution as well as of water characteristics such as colour, turbidity, oxgen content and chemical composition. P. pediculus is one of the most common and abundant species of planktonic crustaceans in shallow waters of reservoirs, rivers, lakes, ponds and temporary water bodies.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Methodology ; Ecosystem management ; Water quality control ; Freshwater crustaceans ; Indicator species
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 5
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  • 107
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    Comparison of systems of biological indication approved during the course of the joint Anglo-Soviet investigations held under the auspices of the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5265 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:07 | 5265 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In accordance with the plan for joint Anglo-Soviet scientific and technical collaboration on environmental problems, the comparative evaluation of systems of hydrobiological analysis of the surface water quality started in 1977 at the Regional Laboratory of the Severn-Trent Water Authority in Nottingham were continued in the spring of 1978. The investigations were carried out under the auspices of the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. Hydrobiological and hydrochemical samples were collected by Soviet and British specialists from the Kiev reservoir and the rivers Dnieper, Sozh, Desna and Snov. The samples were processed on the expedition ships and in the Laboratory for the Hydrobiology of Small Water Bodies of the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. The possible approved methods to be adopted were evaluated from the samples using the phytoperiphyton, phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos against a background of hydrochemical characteristics. The study concludes that weather conditions complicated the work on testing the systems of biological indication of water quality and made it inadvisable to use those methods of comparison which were used when similar work was carried out in Nottingham.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Sampling ; Methodology ; Rivers ; International cooperation ; Water reservoirs ; Indicators ; Surveys ; Ukraine ; USSR
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 29
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  • 108
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    Determination of water quality in lakes by biological indices (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5269 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:28 | 5269 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Some problems of evaluation of water quality by biological indices which can be applied in the practice of ecological monitoring on water bodies are considered in this report. Taking into account, that ecological monitoring is the most urgent for large lakes, situated in civilised (urbanised) and (or) agrarian landscapes the corresponding problems will be considered mainly in conformity with large deep lakes of temperate latitudes. The aim is a general evaluation of some of the methods from the point of view of their possible application for monitoring on large water bodies.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Ecosystem management ; Water quality control ; Freshwater lakes ; Indicators ; Classification ; Water quality ; Russia
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 20
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  • 109
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    Approval of systems of Biological Indication of Water Quality under the auspices of the Severn-Trent Water Authority, UK (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5271 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:31 | 5271 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: In accordance with the plan for joint Anglo-Soviet scientific and technical collaboration on environmental problems, the comparative evaluation of systems of hydrobiological analysis of the surface water quality started in 1977 at the Regional Laboratory of the Severn-Trent Water Authority in Nottingham were continued in the spring of 1978. The investigations were carried out under the auspices of the Institute of Hydrobiology of the Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. Hydrobiological and hydrochemical samples were collected by Soviet and British specialists from the Kiev reservoir and the rivers Dnieper, Sozh, Desna and Snov. The possible approved methods to be adopted were evaluated from the samples using the phytoperiphyton, phytoplankton, zooplankton and zoobenthos against a background of hydrochemical characteristics.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Indicators ; Indicator species ; Phytoplankton ; International cooperation ; Ukraine
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 29
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  • 110
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    The application of methods of ecosystem analysis to the evaluation of water quality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5266 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:10:09 | 5266 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Guided by experience and the theoretical development of hydrobiology, it can be considered that the main aim of water quality control should be the establishment of the rates of the self-purification process of water bodies which are capable of maintaining communities in a state of dynamic balance without changing the integrity of the ecosystem. Hence, general approaches in the elaboration of methods for hydrobiological control are based on the following principles: a. the balance of matter and energy in water bodies; b. the integrity of the ecosystem structure and of its separate components at all levels. Ecosystem analysis makes possible a revelation of the whole totality of factors which determine the anthropogenic evolution of a water body. This is necessary for the study of long-term changes in water bodies. The principles of ecosystem analysis of water bodies, together with the creation of their mathematical models, are important because, in future, with the transition of water demanding production into closed cycles of water supply, changes in water bodies will arise in the main through the influence of 'diffuse' pollution (from the atmosphere, with utilisation in transport etc.).
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Methodology ; Ecosystem management ; Ecosystems ; Water quality control ; Modelling ; Hydrobiology ; Water bodies
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: monograph
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 10
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  • 111
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    Petroleum hydrocarbons in fresh waters: a preliminary desk study and bibliography (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5278 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:09 | 5278 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: A literature survey was carried out into the effects of petroleum hydrocarbons in freshwater, from the toxicity, biodegradability and concentration aspects. It was supplemented by a selective search on hydrocarbons in the marine environment for comparison. The aim was to determine the major inputs of these hydrocarbons, their accumulation, effects and fate in freshwaters. The search was confined to the period 1965-1978. The bibliography contains 390 references, divided by subject.
    Keywords: Chemistry ; Limnology ; Pollution ; literature reviews ; petroleum ; toxicity ; biodegradation
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 52
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  • 112
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    The impact of physical processes on algal growth (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5286 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:11:58 | 5286 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Mixing and transport processes in surface waters strongly influence the structure of aquatic ecosystems. The impact of mixing on algal growth is species-dependent, affecting the competition among species and acting as a selective factor for the composition of the biocoenose. Were it not for the ever-changing ”aquatic weather”, the composition of pelagic ecosystems would be relatively simple. Probably just a few optimally adapted algal species would survive in a given water-body. In contrast to terrestrial ecosystems, in which the spatial heterogeneity is primarily responsible for the abundance of niches, in aquatic systems (especially in the pelagic zone) the niches are provided by the temporal structure of physical processes. The latter are discussed in terms of the relative sizes of physical versus biological time-scales. The relevant time-scales of mixing and transport cover the range between seconds and years. Correspondingly, their influence on growth of algae is based on different mechanisms: rapid changes are relevant for the fast biological processes such as nutrient uptake and photosynthesis, and the slower changes are relevant for the less dynamic processes such as growth, respiration, mineralization, and settling of algal cells. Mixing time-scales are combined with a dynamic model of photosynthesis to demonstrate their influence on algal growth.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Phytoplankton ; Nutrients (mineral) ; Freshwater lakes ; Physical limnology ; Models ; Growth ; Photosynthesis ; Water mixing
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 30-43
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  • 113
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    Eutrophication in the River Meuse (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5294 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:08:11 | 5294 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The severe problems caused by large phytoplankton populations in the River Meuse date back to the beginning of the 1980s. However, no clear relationship can be established between an increase of algal growth and dissolved nutrient concentrations, at least in the Belgian part of the river. Most probably, plankton algae start developing in France, utilizing large inputs of phosphorus from some of the tributaries: this point will be investigated further, as well as the effect of a reduction in the releases of phosphorus. A mathematical model helps to understand the main factors which control algal growth: underwater light, temperature, discharge and grazing by zooplankton. The last is a major loss process in summer and, as shown by recent observations, may trigger a seasonal succession leading to dominance by large phytoplankton taxa. With regard to water quality, eutrophication is a major problem in drinking-water treatment (filter clogging, etc.) and large numbers of decomposing algae may adversely affect the oxygen budget of the river. On the other hand, algal photosynthesis is the most important oxygen source at periods of low discharge, and reduced algal production may result in dramatic oxygen decreases in heavily polluted stretches of the river.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; River water ; Rivers ; Eutrophication ; Models ; Growth ; Algal blooms ; Biomass ; Dissolved oxygen ; Europe ; Meuse River
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 132-142
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  • 114
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    Management of Biesboch reservoirs for quality control with special reference to eutrophication (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5297 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:45 | 5297 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The three Biesbosch Reservoirs are pumped storage reservoirs, fed with rather polluted and highly eutrophic water from the River Meuse. Air injection at the bottom of the reservoirs prevents thermal stratification, which would otherwise result in serious water quality deterioration. Reservoir mixing also serves as an economic algal control measure; mixing over sufficient depth causes light to play the role of limiting factor and this, combined with zooplankton grazing, keeps the biomass of phytoplankton at acceptable levels. Special problems are caused by benthic, geosmin-producing Oscillatoria species growing on the inner embankment. Rooting up the bottom with a harrow is used as the method of control, based on underwater observations by biological staff trained as SCUBA-divers. With regard to pollutant behaviour the three reservoirs act as a series of fully mixed reactors. This enables the application of kinetic models to describe their behaviour and allows the use of a selective intake policy, e.g. for suspended solids with associated contaminants, ammonia and polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons. A combination of selective intake and self- purification processes - enhanced by the compartmentalisation of the storage volume in three reservoirs - leads to a striking improvement for many water-quality parameters.
    Keywords: Limnology ; Management ; Pollution ; Eutrophication ; Algal blooms ; Water reservoirs ; Water management ; Phytoplankton ; Pollution control ; Water supply ; Netherlands
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 197-213
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  • 115
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    Stress, shredders and streams: using gammarus energetics to assess water quality (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5308 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:06:41 | 5308 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This paper reviews the effectiveness of Gammarus scope for growth (SfG) as an indicator of water quality. In addition, the link between physiological changes and effects at higher levels of biological organisation is addressed. Exposure to a range of toxicants resulted in decreases in Gammarus SfG which were qualitatively and quantitatively correlated with subsequent reductions in growth and reproduction. Reductions in SfG were due principally to a decrease in energy intake (i.e. feeding rate) rather than an increase in energy expenditure. Gammarus pulex is an important shredder in many stream communities and stressed-induced reductions in its feeding activity were correlated with reductions in the processing of leaf litter by a semi-natural stream community. Hence, changes in the physiological energetics of Gammarus provide a general and sensitive indicator of stress which can be linked to effects at higher levels of biological organisation. Under long-term stress and hence prolonged reductions in SfG, animals may adapt by modifying their life-history strategies and producing fewer, larger offspring.
    Keywords: Biology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Indicator species ; Rivers ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Aquatic communities ; Pollution effects ; Pollution indicators ; Animal physiology ; Freshwater crustaceans ; Acclimatization ; Bioassays ; Energy budget ; Environmental assessment ; Biological stress
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: application/pdf
    Format: 98-110
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  • 116
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    From the individual to the community and beyond: water quality, stress indicators and key species in coastal waters (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5304 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:07:04 | 5304 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: This review examines water quality and stress indicators at levels of organisation from the individual to the community and beyond by means of three case studies concentrating on rocky shores within the north-east Atlantic. Responses of dogwhelks (Nucella) to tributyltin pollution from antifouling paints is examined as the main case study. There are effects at the individual level (development of male sexual characteristics in the female leading to effective sterility) and population level (reduction in juveniles, few females and eventual population disappearance of dogwhelks in badly contaminated areas) but information on community level effects of dogwhelk demise is sparse. Such effects were simulated by dogwhelk removal experiments on well studied, moderately exposed ledges on shores on the Isle of Man. The removal of dogwhelks reduced the size and longevity of newly established Fucus clumps that had escaped grazing. Removal of dogwhelks also increased the likelihood of algal escapes. In a factorial experiment dogwhelks were shown to be less important than limpets \{Patella) in structuring communities but still had a significant modifying effect by increasing the probability of algal escapes. Community level responses to stress on rocky shores are then explored by reference to catastrophic impacts such as oil spills, using the Torrey Canyon as a case study. Recovery of the system in response to this major perturbation took between 10-15 years through a series of damped oscillations. The final case study is that of indicators of ecosystem level change in response to climate fluctuations, using ratios of northern \{Semibalanus balanoides) and southern (Chthamalus spp.) barnacles. Indices derived from counts on the shore show good correlations with inshore sea-water temperatures after a 2-year lag phase. The use of barnacles to measure offshore changes is reviewed. The discussion considers the use of bioindicators at various levels of organisation.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Oceanography ; Pollution ; Coastal zone ; Water quality ; Biological stress ; Pesticides ; Marine molluscs ; Oil spills ; Algae ; England
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
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    Format: 35-62
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  • 117
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    Detection of cryptosporidium oocysts in water and environmental concentrates (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5340 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:02:29 | 5340 | Freshwater Biological Association
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    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: Whilst current methods for the isolation and enumeration of Cryptosporidium spp. oocysts in water have provided some insight into their occurrence and significance, they are regarded as being inefficient, variable and time-consuming, with much of the interpretation being left to the expertise of the analyst. Two expectations of novel developments are to reduce the variability and subjectivity associated with the isolation and identification of oocysts. Flocculation, immunomagnetisable and flow cytometric techniques, for concentrating oocysts from water samples, should prove more reliable than current methods, whilst the development of more avid and specific monoclonal antibodies in conjunction with the use of nuclear fluorochromes will aid identification. Further insight into the viability, taxonomy, species identification, infectivity and virulence of the parasite should be forthcoming through the use of techniques such as the polymerase chain reaction, in situ hybridisation and non-uniform alternating current electrical fields. Such information is necessary in order to enable microbiologists, epidemiologists, engineers, utility operators and regulators to assess the safety of a water supply, with respect to Cryptosporidium contamination, more effectively.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Oocytes ; Protozoan diseases ; Parasites ; Life cycle ; Disease transmission ; Methodology ; Antibodies ; Fluorescence microscopy ; Luminescence ; Protists
    Repository Name: AquaDocs
    Type: book_section , FALSE
    Format: application/pdf
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    Format: 126-138
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  • 118
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    Recent progress in the identification and determination of freshwater phytoplankton in the natural environment (2021)
    Freshwater Biological Association | Ambleside, UK
    In:  http://aquaticcommons.org/id/eprint/5326 | 1256 | 2011-09-29 15:05:15 | 5326 | Freshwater Biological Association
    Details
    Publication Date: 2021-07-09
    Description: The biomass of the phytoplankton and its composition is one of the most important factors in water quality control. Determination of the phytoplankton assemblage is usually done by microscopic analysis (Utermöhl's method). Quantitative estimations of the biovolume, by cell counting and cell size measurements, are time-consuming and normally are not done in routine water quality control. Several alternatives have been tried: computer-based image analysis, spectral fluorescence signatures, flow cytometry and pigment fingerprinting aided by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The latter method is based on the fact that each major algal group of taxa contains a specific carotenoid which can be used for identification and relative quantification of the taxa in the total assemblage. This article gives a brief comparative introduction to the different techniques available and presents some recent results obtained by HPLC-based pigment fingerprinting, applied to three lakes of different trophic status. The results show that this technique yields reliable results from different lake types and is a powerful tool for studying the distribution pattern of the phytoplankton community in relation to water depth. However, some restrictions should be taken into account for the interpretation of routine data.
    Keywords: Ecology ; Limnology ; Pollution ; Water supply ; Phytoplankton ; Identification ; Chromatographic techniques ; Water quality ; Water quality control ; Inland water environment ; Methodology ; Chlorophylls ; Germany
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    Format: 81-91
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